新概念英语第二册Lesson41知识点详解讲义

LESSON如何讲述生活趣事：夫妻趣话Part1.词汇脱口秀mirror n. 镜子Amirrorisapieceofspecialglassthatyoucanlookatandseeyourselfin.Lookatyourselfinthemirror.Youlookfantastic!Kellyspendshoursinfrontofthemirror!Marywasstudyingherselfinthemirror.Whatyouactuallyseeinthemirrorisyourreflection.Reflectionreflect表示光的反射【re=back+-flect-Amirrorreflectslight,sothatwhenyoulookatityoucanseeyourselfreflectedinit.“三潭印月”英文怎么说？ThreePoolsMirroringtheMoon,orThreePondsMirroringtheMoonSowhenweseesomethingreflectedinwater,wemayalsosaythatthewatermirrorsit.Thelakemirrorstheclearbluesky.猜猜引申义：Themoviemirrorstheproblemsofmodernsociety.hole n.洞HeHeremarkedonthedifferencebetweenChinaandAmerica.（1）注意，Wedon’tsaythereisahole‘on’something.Instead,wesaythereisaholeinsomething.比快速翻译：ThereisabigholeinmyT-shirt.Thereisahugeholeintheroad.Apitisaholeintheground,especiallyonemadebydigging.Afallintothepit,againinyourwit.Thisproverb'smessageis:youmaygainwisdomfromthefailureyouhavegonethrough.猜猜看下面这几句话的意思：*Idon’tbelievewhathesays.Hisstoryisfullofholes.Therearealotofholesinthetheory.Michaellovestopickholesinotherpeople’sefforts.“hypercritical”,吹毛求疵的Michaelishypercritical. 【hyper-critical批评的，挑剔的】remark .说话，评论Aremarkissomethingthatyousayorwritetoexpressyouropinionorthoughtaboutsb./sth.造句：如何表达：Kevin说了一句有趣的话：Kevinmadeaninterestingremark.不是Kevinsaidaninterestingsentence.（中式英文）KevinmadearemarkaboutthedifferencebetweenChinaandAmerica.ProjectHopeoffersaProjectHopeoffersabeaconofhopetothechildrenwhodropoutofschool.注意：on和about有什么区别？形容词：remarkableadj.引人注目，非常卓越，不同寻常的Remarkablemeans“unusual”or“surprising”andthereforedeservingourpositive“remarks”.比如It’saremarkableachievementfora14-year-oldgirl.Chinahasmaderemarkableprogressinthepastseveraldecades.Lighthouse灯塔Alighthouseisatowerwithapowerfulflashinglightthatguidesshipsawayfromdanger.Sotothosewhoaresailinginthedark,alighthouseisliketheirguidingstar.近义词：beacon.Inthepast,abeaconwasafireontopofahillusedasasignal.Siliconvalleyhasbecomeabeaconofinnovation.Inthe19thcentury,Americabecamethebeaconoffreedomandhopefornewimmigrants.TheriseofChinainthe21stcenturyhasbecomeabeaconofhopefordevelopingcountries.LESSON如何讲述生活趣事：夫妻趣话Part2.句型精讲need/should/must的用法如何表达事前劝告“不需要做，不应该做，一定不要做”如何表示事后遗憾课文句型回放：“Youneedn’tbesorudeaboutit.”“Youneedn'thavesaidthat.”“Ineednotremindyouofthatterribletieyouboughtyesterday.”事前劝告：“不需要做，不应该做，一定不要做”三个情态动词：needn’t,shouldn’t,mustn’t事后遗憾： 情态动词+have+done（1）不需要做：needn’tdo本来不需要needn’thavedone场景1：事前劝告：needn’tdoYouneedn’thurry.Westillhavealotoftime.=Youdon’thavetohurry.Westillhavealotoftime.Theshowisabouttobeginintwentyminutes.Youneedtohurry.场景2：事后遗憾needn’thavedoneWeneedn’thavehurriedjustnow.Theshowhasn’tbegunyet.=Wedidn'thavetohurryjustnow.Theshowhasn’tbegunyet.解读：“needn’thave表示对过去的 。（2）不应该: shouldn’t本不应该: shouldn'thavedone场景1：事前劝告shouldn’tWeshouldn’ttakeataxiduringtherushhours.Weshouldtakethesubway.场景2：事后后悔“本不应该” shouldn’thavedone 【虚拟】Weshouldn’thavetakenataxiduringtherushhours.Weshouldhavetakenthesubway.（3）一定不要：mustn't本来可以：could/wouldhavedone场景1：事前劝告：一定不要mustn’tWemustn’tlearnEnglishjustforexams.WemustlearntouseEnglish.Youmustseethemovie.Itrocks!Youmustn’tmissit.场景2：事后遗憾：“本可以做到（但没做到）”could/wouldhavedone【虚拟】IcouldhavewatchedKobeBryantplaythatnight.ButitwassuchapitythatIdidn’twatchhimplaybecausehehadbeeninjured.Ifwehadtakenthesubway,wecould/wouldhavecaughttheplane.特别注意：musthavedone表示什么呢？只能表示 无法表示。【听记1】无法表示YoumusthavelivedinAmericaforalongtime.思维本质：情态动词+have+done往往表示 【听记2】综合造句：掌握“情态动词+have+done”背诵Imusthavebeentooyoungtoknowhowtowiselyusemytimeandmoney.Ishouldn’thavewastedsomuchtimewatchingTV.Ishouldhavespentmoretimelearningandgrowing.Ineedn’thaveboughtsomanythingsIdidn’treallyneed.Icouldhavespentmoremoneyonhelpingothers.总结：如果在当下对于别人的劝告，语气从轻到重：不需要做：Youneedn’tdoit.不应该做：Youshouldn’tdoit.一定不要做：Youmustn’tdoit.事后感慨，遗憾后悔，要用情态动词+have表示虚拟：本不必做的，但做了：needn’thavedoneit. [注意：主要用于否定]本应该做的，但没做：Youshouldhavedoneit.本不该做的，但做了： shouldn’thavedoneit.本来可以做到，但没做到：Youcould/wouldhavedoneit.本来可能做不到，但做到了：Youcould/wouldnothavedoneit.can’ttoo&can'tenough句型can’ttoo句型课文金句回放:“Amancanneverhavetoomanyties.”是什么意思？思维解读：can这个情态动词，这里不是表达“许可”而是 。也就是cannever表示 。（听记3）cannot/never否定的对象是 。思维难点速记：“程度否定”。Amancanneverhavetoomanyties.= Therewillneverbe“toomany”tiesforaman.Amanissupposedtohavemanyties.Awomancan'thavetoomanyhats.= Therewillneverbe“toomany”hatsforawoman.Awomanissupposedtohavemanyhats.Hismothercan’tbetoohappyaboutit.=Hismotherisveryhappyaboutit.区别：Hismothershouldn’tbetoohappyaboutit.造句练习：Aladycanneverhavetoomanycosmetics.Apersoncanneverhavetoomuchknowledge.Youcan’tbetoocarefulwhencrossingtheroad.解读：Actually,wesay'Youcan'tbetoocareful'asawayofadvisingsomeonetobecareful.can’t...enough句型怎么理解？表示: Ican'tthankyouenoughforallthatyouhavedoneforme.解读：Wewillsay“Ican’tthankyouenough”whenwefeelthatsimplysayingthankyouisnotenough.Kidscan'tgetenoughofcartoons.ThissushiissodeliciousthatIcan'tgetenough!解读：can'tgetenough(ofsomething)=enjoysomethingsomuchthatyouwantmoreandmoreofit【听记答案】表达对过去发生过事情的肯定推测，无法表示虚拟。表示对过去的推测。预测和判断；绝不会。LESSON如何讲述生活趣事：夫妻趣话Part3.故事转述中英文逐句转述男士和女士有很不同的购物习惯。Menandwomenhaveverydifferentshoppinghabits.这可能造成一些摩擦。Andthiscancausesomefriction.我的朋友Tony有一次和他的妻子Sophia去购物MyfriendTonyoncewentshoppingwithhiswifeSophia.他们去了一家帽店，Sophia一直在试戴不同设计风格的帽子。TheyvisitedahatshopandSophiakepttryingonnewhatswithdifferentdesigns.在帽店已经待了超过2个小时，Sophia还在镜子前面。Aftertheyhadspentovertwohoursinthehatshop,Sophiawasstillinfrontofthemirror.Tony感到非常无聊，他坐在一个设计得很古怪的椅子上很不耐烦地等着。Tonyfeltsoboredthathewassittingonastrangely-designedchairandwaitedimpatiently.当Sophia试戴了另外一顶帽子后，Tony说了一句很讽刺的话，“你把那叫帽子么？”WhenSophiatriedonanotherhat,Tonymadeanironicremarkaboutit:“Doyoucallthatahat?”这让Sophia感到不开心，她告诉Tony不要那么不礼貌。ItmadeSophiafeelupsetandshetoldTonynottobesorudeaboutit.但是Tony没有停止。他让Sophia不要买他们不需要的东西。ButTonydidn’tstop.HetoldSophianottobuythingstheydidn’tneed.Sophia生气了，她开始还击。Sophiagotveryangryandbegantofightback.她提醒Tony，前一天，他买了条特难看的领带。SheremindedTonythathehadboughtaterribletiethedaybefore.Tony也被激怒了，回答说他觉得领带挺好看。Tonywasirritatedandrepliedthathefoundthetiebeautiful.他还认为，一个男士有再多的领带都不嫌多。Healsosuggestedthatamancouldn’thavetoomanyties.令他惊讶的是，他的妻子也回敬了一句针锋相对的话：“一个女士拥有再多的帽子都不过分。”Tohissurprise,hiswifemadeatit-for-tatremark:”Awomancan’thavetoomanyhats.”猜猜看，最后发生了什么？Guesswhathappenedintheend?他们的购物之旅在关于帽子的争吵中不欢而散。Theirshoppingtripendedupwithanargumentoverthehats.Sophia还是买了一顶看上去像是灯塔一样的帽子。ButSophiastillboughtahatwhichlookedlikealighthouse.全英文转述Menandwomenhaveverydifferentshoppinghabits.Andthiscancausesomefriction.MyfriendTonyoncewentshoppingwithhiswifeSophia.TheyvisitedahatshopandSophiakepttryingonnewhatswithdifferentdesigns.Aftertheyhadspentovertwohoursinthehatshop,Sophiawasstillinfrontofthemirror.Tonyfeltsoboredthathewassittingonastrangely-designedchairandwaitedimpatiently.WhenSophiatriedonanotherhat,Tonymadeanironicremarkaboutit:“Doyoucallthatahat?”ItmadeSophiafeelupsetandshetoldTonynottobesorudeaboutit.ButTonydidn’tstop.HetoldSophianottobuythingstheydidn’tneed.Sophiagotveryangryandbegantofightback.SheremindedTonythathehadboughtaterribletiethedaybefore.Tonywasirritatedandrepliedthathefoundthetiebeautiful.Healsosuggestedthatamancouldn’thavetoomanyties.Tohissurprise,hiswifemadeatit-for-tatremark:”Awomancan’thavetoomanyhats.”Guesswhathappenedintheend?Theirshoppingtripendedupwithanargumentoverthehats.ButSophiastillboughtahatwhichlookedlikealighthouse.文化点睛：为啥女性比男性更沉迷逛街购物？AsurveyconductedinBritainfoundthatmenbecomeboredafteronly26minutesofshopping,whileittookwomentwohours.Thesurveyalsofoundthat80percentofmendidn'tlikeshoppingwiththeirpartners,andthat45percentavoideddoingsoatallcosts.Besides,almosthalfofallspousal（配偶的）shoppingtripsendedinarguments.Menbecamefrustrated,becausetheyboughtwhattheyneededstraightaway（）,whiletheirpartnerswerestilllookingandtakingtoolongtomakedecisions.Forhundredsofthousandsofye