人教版（2019）必修第一册 Welcome unit 词汇句型素材

Book1welcomeunitexchangen.交换inexchangefor交换anexchangestudent交换生vt.交换；交流；交易；兑换exchangerate汇率stockexchange股票交易exchangeAforB用A来交换Bexchangesth.withsb.与某人交换某物exchangegifts\greetings\currency兑换货币\wordswith和……争吵(1)I’veneverexchangedwords__thosemomsbeyondsmalltalk,buttheywantedtohelp.I’dliketoexchangesomepounds__dollars.(3)Hewouldliketoworkintherestaurant__exchangeforamealforfree.完成句子:我们学生应该经常和经验丰富的父母交换意见。lecturen．讲座；讲课；教训vi.(开)讲座；讲课vt. 训斥deliver/givealecture做演讲；做讲座attendalecture出席讲座alecturehall演讲厅givemealectureabout给某人一个关于……的教训lectureon讲授关于……lecturer讲课者;讲授者;讲演者;(尤指英国大学的)讲师完成句子:李教授明天给我们做有关中国文化的报告，我们会去听。registervt.&vi.登记；注册→registrationn．登记；注册；挂号n.登记表;注册簿;音区;(适合特定场合使用的)语体风格，语域;toregisterabirth/marriage/death/acompany/trademark

登记出生/结婚/死亡/注册公司/商标

calledtheregister点名register=signupfor=enrollacashregister收银机registerednurses注册护士registrationfees注册费registrationoffice注册办公室;登记办公室;检录处Theessaysuddenlyswitchesfromaformaltoaninformalregister.sexn.性别=gender；性sexdiscrimination性别歧视single-sexschools单一性别学校sexeducation性教育sexyadj.性感的；迷人的，有吸引力的Accountancyjustisn’tsexy.会计工作实在乏味。sexualadj.性的；有性繁殖的;性别的sexualequality男女平等femaleadj.女性的;雌的;能结果实的;阴的n.雌性动/植物;女子Figshavemaleandfemaleflowers.无花果有雄花和雌花。maleadj.男性的;雄性的;n.男性;雄性;雄株The

company

has

a

strict

dress

code

─

all

male

employees

are

expected

to

wear

suits.

公司有严格的着装规定——所有男职员都要穿西服。nationn.国家;民族;国民(country\kingdom\state)anindependentnation独立的国家theAfricannations非洲各国UN=unitednationsItwasastorythattouchedthenation'sheart.这是一个感动了全体国民的故事。nationalityn.国籍;(构成国家一部分的)民族What’syournationality?你是什么国籍？All

applicants

will

be

considered

regardless

of

age,

sex,

religion

or

nationality.The

republic

is

a

melting

pot

of

different

nationalities.

这个共和国是多民族的大熔炉。designn．设计；设计方案vt.筹划;设计→designern．设计者bedesignedforsb./sth.为……而设计meanbedesignedtodosth.设计来做某事designsbtodosth打算让sb做某事bydesign＝onpurpose=deliberately有意地，故意地bychance=byaccident=accidentally偶然地Theprogrammeisdesigned__________(help)peoplewhohavebeenoutofworkforalongtime.AsfarasIknow,thecourseisdesigned________beginners.Itissaidthatthe___________(design)ofthehighbuildingisawomanengineer.___________(design)forEnglishbeginners,thedictionariesweresoldoutonthedaywhenitcameout.(5)(上海卷)Whetherbychanceor____design,itsohappenedthattherewerealmostexactly150peopleinthestation.10.campus校园;(大学、学院的)校区(campn.营地;度假营;兵营;阵营vi.宿营;露营;)野营;summercamp夏令营campfire营火She

lives

on

campus.

她住在大学校园区内。Students

can

gain

valuable

experience

by

working

on

the

campus

radio

or

magazine.学生们在校广播台或校刊工作能够获得宝贵的经验。11.formaladj.正式的；正规的rmaladj.非正式的否定前缀im-

impolitemis-

misunderstand

un-

unable

ir-

irregulardis-

disagreeab-

abnormal

il-

illegal

anti-

antisocial

formaleveningdress晚礼服formalmanners庄重的举止tomakeaformalapology/complaint/request

正式道歉/投诉/要求formalgardens整齐的花园formaloccasions正式场合dressformally着装正式

chatinformally闲谈informaltalks\meeting非正式会谈12.anxiousadj.焦虑的；不安的anxiouslyadv.焦虑地anxietyn.担心；焦虑；渴望同形助记：variousadj.各种各样的varietyn.多样化beanxiousabout=beworried/concernedabout为……担心/担忧withanxiety=anxiously焦虑地beanxiousfor 渴望……beanxioustodosth.渴望做某事[拓展]渴望beeager/dying/thirsty/longingfor.../todo...long/desiretodo.../for...TheCollegeEntranceExaminationisover.Heisveryanxious___________hismarks,becauseheisanxious_____________(admit)toakeyuniversity.Wewaited____________(anxious)forthenewsofhersafearrival.annoyvt.使不悦；惹恼；打扰annoyedadj.恼怒的；生气的annoyingadj.令人恼怒的，令人烦恼的annoyance[əˈnɔɪəns]n.恼怒;生气;烦恼;使人烦恼的事;令人生气的事物beannoyedwithsb.对某人生气beannoyedat/aboutsth.因某事而生气Whatannoyssbmostisthat...最让某人生气的是......What___________(annoy)himmostwasthathedidn’tkeephispromise.Whatisreally____________(annoy)isthatwemadethesamemistakelasttime.Much

to

our

annoyance,

they

decided

not

to

come

after

all.

他们终于决定不来，使我们很生气。frightn.恐惧;惊吓;恐怖;使人惊吓的经历;恐怖的经历frightenvt.使惊吓；吓唬frightenedadj.惊吓的；害怕的frighteningadj. 令人恐惧的；可怕的befrightenedtodosth. 害怕做某事befrightenedat... 对……感到惊恐befrightenedtodeath吓死o/outof(doing)sth.吓得某人(做)/不敢(做)某事Iam__________(frighten)ofwalkinghomealoneinthedark.(2)Whenshesawa______snakeinthegrassyesterday,sheshoutedwitha______look．(frighten)在这么令人恐惧的情况下没人能求助，她感到很绝望。Withnoonetoturntoinsucha____________situation,shefeltveryhelpless.(4)Theman________theoldladyintotellingthetruth.那个人恐吓那个老太太说出真相。(5)His

foot

stuck

in

the

box,

he

shouted

________.

15.senioradj.年长的；级别（或地位）高的n.较年长的人；前辈；资历较深者opp.junioraseniorofficer\manager\partner\position高级军官\经理\合伙人\职位seniormen’s400meters成年男子组400米seniorcitizens年长者seniorhighschoolfreshmansophomorejuniorsenior大一/大二/大三/大四学生beseniorto比......年长\资历高……beseniortosbby...years/be...yearsseniortosb/beone’sseniorby...years比某人年长多少岁(1)Heissenior______me,thoughheisyounger.(2)Mybrotherisseniortome_______twoyears.16.atlast终于；最终ultimately\finally\intheend\atlonglast最初initially;atfirst;originally;atthe(very)beginningoutgoingadj.爱交际的；外向的；anoutgoingpersonality外向的性格theoutgoingpresident/government

即将下台的总统/政府outgoingflights/passengers

出港航班/旅客内向的inward;introverted;introversive;reservedimpressvt.使铭记；铭刻；使印象深刻impressionn．印象；感想impressiveadj.令人印象深刻的同型助记：press压depress使压抑；使萧条depressiondepressedexpress表达expression报刊thePressmake/leavea(n)...impressionon/uponsb.给某人留下一个……的印象使某人牢记某事impresssb.withsth.impresssth.on/uponsb.对……印象深刻 beimpressedby/at/withMyfatherimpressedthevalueofhardwork__me.→Myfatherimpressedme__thevalueofhardwork.(2)Myfirst____________(impress)ofhimwasthathewasakindandthoughtfulyoungman.(3)新老师渊博的知识、风趣的谈吐给我们留下了深刻的印象。Thenewteacher’srichknowledgeandhumoroustalk_________us.19.guy男人;小伙子;家伙;guys伙计们;兄弟(或姐妹)们;(fellow)aman:abig/nice/toughguy大个子男人；好小伙子；结实粗野的家伙guys:agroupofpeopleofeithersexComeon,youguys,let'sgetgoing!快点，伙计们，咱们走吧！fallguy替罪羊;替死鬼Heclaimshewasmadethefallguyfortheaffair.他声称自己是这起事件的替罪羊。wiseguy自作聪明的人;自以为无所不知的人concentratevi.&vt.集中(注意力)；聚精会神concentrationn．集中；专心；专注concentratedadj.专注的；全力以赴的;浓缩的;密集的;集中的concentrateon\upon专心于，把思想集中于;将…集中于…(focuson\upon=centeron)concentrateone’smind/attentionon集中注意力于；致力于；专心于专心于：focuson\payattentiontodoing\beabsorbedin\belostin\bedevotedto________(concentrate)onyourstudieswillleadtogoodgrades.We

need

to

concentrate

resources

on

the

most

run-down

areas.

我们需要把资源集中用于最衰败的地区。He

is

leaving

the

band

to

concentrate

on

his

writing.他要离开乐队去专职写作。Power

is

largely

concentrated

in

the

hands

of

a

small

elite.

权力主要集中在少数精英人物的手里。Nealkeptinterrupting,breakingmyconcentration.尼尔不停地打断我，使得我无法集中注意力。Theareahasoneoftheworld'sgreatestconcentrationsofwildlife.这个地区是世界上野生动物最为密集的区域之一。concentratedorangejuice浓缩橙汁20.experimentn.实验;试验;尝试;实践vi.做试验;进行实验;尝试;试用todo/perform/conductanexperiment

做实验laboratoryexperiments实验室实验I

experimented

until

I

got

the

recipe

just

right.

我不断地尝试，直至找到正合适的烹饪法为止。The

astronauts

are

conducting

a

series

of

experiments

to

learn

more

about

how

the

body

adapts

to

weightlessness.

那些宇航员正在进行一系列实验，以更多地了解身体如何适应失重状态。Some

people

feel

that

experimenting

on

animals

is

wrong.

有人觉得利用动物做试验是错误的。21.leave...alone听…自便;随…去;不打扰Leaveabout乱丢；乱扔leaveaside不予考虑；搁置一边leavesb/sthbehind

超过；永久离开（某人、某地或某国）leaveoff

停止（做某事）；中断leavesb/sthout(ofsth)不包括；不提及；遗漏beleftover(fromsth)剩下；残留askforleave请假Iwonderwhytheyleft___________suchanimportantquestion.Iwasbusytalkingwithmyoldfriendandleftmydictionary____________onthebus.Whendoyouplantoleave________Canada?leavefor=setoutfor/setofffor动身前往awkwardadj.令人尴尬的;难对付的;不方便的;危险的;笨拙的awkwardlyadv.awkwardnessn.There

was

an

awkward

silence.

一阵令人尴尬的沉默。The

meeting

was

at9

o'clock,

which

was

an

awkward

time

for

many

people会议定在9点钟，这对很多人来说是不方便的。anawkwardlytimedmeeting.时间安排不当的会议She'sgottoanagewheresheisbeingawkward.她到了难相处的年龄。explorevt.&vi.探索；勘探;研究explorationn．[C，U]探索explorern.探险者explorespace探索太空exploremarket开拓市场explorepossibility探索可能性exploreuniverse探索宇宙TheywereexploringtheAmazonjungle.他们正对亚马逊森林进行勘察。ChristopherColumbuswasagreat

explorer(探险家).Iwanttoexploreandgetintouchwithmyinnerself.我想认真探寻、了解内心的自我。confidentadj.自信的；有把握的confidencen．信心withconfidence=confidently肯定地，有把握地self-confidence自信haveconfidencein\of信任；对……有信心beconfidentabout/of对……有信心beconfidentin在……方面充满信心Heis________(confidence)thatnothingcanchangehismind.(2)Tomwashighlythoughtofinthecompany.Themanagerhad______(confident)ofhisability.25.forwardadj.向前的；前进的adv.=forwards向前；前进As

he

stepped

forward,

the

soldiergrabbed

his

arm

and

pulled

him.

当他向前地踏的时候，士兵抓取了他的手臂而且拉了他。The

only

way

forward

is

to

reflect

on

why

you

feel

so

lost.

前面的路只有一条：反思你为何会感到如此迷惘。-ward/-wards“朝着...”forwardupwardoutwarddownwardbackwardinwardlookforwardtosth\doing盼望；期待lookback(on) 回忆，回顾lookinto调查，向……里看lookoutfor注意察看，留心lookdownon/upon轻视，瞧不起lookupto尊敬，敬仰①ThanksforyourkindconsiderationandIlookforward_____(receive)yourearliestreply.②Helookedforward____(see)whowasmakingaloudnoiseinthecrowd.③ThedayIwaslookingforwardto_________(come)atlast.[链接写作]期待您的早日回复。Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.[联想记忆]to为介词的短语荟萃①be/getusedto习惯于②beaccustomedto习惯于③objectto反对④beaddictedto对……上瘾⑤leadto导致⑥stickto坚持⑦getdownto开始做26.takenotes记笔记makeanote做笔记takenoteof注意；记笔记(1)上课记笔记是一个好习惯。Itisagoodhabitto_______________whenyouhaveaclass.(2)你应该注意她告诉你的话。Youshould________________whatshetellsyou.27.flashn.光；信号vi.闪耀；闪光；发出信号vt. 使闪耀；发出(信号)...flashacrossthesky/one’smind/one’sface划过天际/闪过脑海/在脸上一闪而过Alookofterrorflashedacrossherface.她脸上掠过惊恐的神色。

Redlightsflashedawarningatthem.红灯闪亮向他们发出警告。

Hisnamewasflasheduponthescreen.屏幕上显示出了他的名字。flashback(tosth)回忆；回想；回顾；（电影）闪回，倒叙aflashinthepan昙花一现in/likeaflash转瞬间；立即flashcards闪卡；抽认卡片organise=organizevt.组织；筹备；安排；组建vi.组建；成立organisern.[C]组织者，发起人organisation=organizationn.[U]组织工作；[C]组织，机构organizedadj.有组织的;系统的;有条理的;有效率的organizedcrime有组织的犯罪organisethemeeting 组织会议organiseone’sthoughts 整理思绪awell-organizedoffice井然有序的办公室averyorganizedperson很有条理的人Theyhavemadeuptheirmindsto___________(organise)asecondvisitthere.Thegovernmentshouldsetupaspecial_______________(organise)toprotecttheearth.(3)Theseactivitiesthat__________byourschoolreallyprovideduswithmuchpleasure.(organise)goaln.目标(target

objective)；球门；射门goalkeeper守门员thewinninggoal致胜一球toachieve/attainagoal

达到目标scoreagoal进球得分岁的/青The

goal

is

to

raise

as

much

money

as

possible.

目的是筹集到尽可能多的资金.strategyn.策略；策划strategicadj.战略的;战略性的;thegovernment'seconomicstrategy政府的经济策略marketingstrategy营销策划militarystrategy军事战略defencestrategies防御部署He

pretended

that

resigning

was

part

of

his

long-term

career

strategy.

他假装辞职是他长远事业规划的一部分。Maltawasofvitalstrategicimportanceduringthewar.在那次战争中，马耳他的战略意义至为关键。partnern.同伴；配偶；合伙人vt.结成伙伴，做搭档，配对cooperator\matepartnershipn.合伙企业;合作;伙伴关系;合作关系;合伙人身份amarriagepartner配偶adancing/tennis,etc.partner

舞伴、网球搭档等atradingpartner贸易伙伴Gerryofferedtopartnermeattennis.格里提出和我搭档打网球。The

two

groups

now

say

they

will

extend

their

partnership

to

new

areas.

如今，这两家集团表示将把合作扩展至新的领域。improvevi.&vt.改进；改善improvementn.改善；改进improveon/uponsth改进；做出比…更好的成绩The

government

aims

to

improve

public

services,

especially

education.

政府致力于改善公共服务事业，尤其是教育。We

seek

to

improve

relations

between

our

two

countries.

我们寻求改进我们两国间的关系。We

shall

be

looking

for

an

improvement

in

your

work

this

term.

我们期待你这学期功课有进步。improvequality,improveperformance,improveefficiency提高质量\性能\效率curiousadj.好奇的；求知欲强的curiouslyadv. 好奇地curiosityn. 好奇心同形记忆：generousadj.慷慨的，大方的generosityn. 慷慨，大方anxiousadj.焦虑的anxietyn.担心；焦虑；渴望variousadj.各种各样的varietyn.多样化becuriousaboutsth. 对某事感到好becurioustodosth. 极想做某事outofcuriosity出于好奇satisfy/meetone’scuriosity满足某人的好奇心Outof___________(curious),themanfollowedtheguideintothehall.Thepeoplelookedatthestrangeboy____________(curious)．(3)Thelittleboyiscurious___________panyn.公司；商行；陪伴thelargestcomputercompanyintheworld全球最大的计算机公司keepsbcompany做伴；陪伴two'scompany(,three'sacrowd)(saying)

两人成伴（三人太多）People

gathered

around

a

table,

enjoying

food

and

each

other's

company.

人们围聚一桌，享受美食和彼此陪伴。accompanyvt.陪同;陪伴;伴随;与…同时发生;(尤指用钢琴)为…伴奏Children

must

be

accompanied

by

an

adult.

儿童必须要有大人陪同。Accompanied

by

cheerful

music,

we

began

to

dance.

我们伴随着欢乐的乐曲跳起舞来。He

sang

and

Alice

accompanied

him

on

the

piano.他一边唱，艾丽斯一边为他钢琴伴奏。companionn.同伴;伴侣;陪伴;旅伴He

is

a

wonderful

companion

and

we

can

talk

for

hours

on

end.他是个非常好的同伴，我们可以连续聊上好几个小时。personalityn.性格；个性personn.人；人员；个人；某人Thefirstperson

(I/we

)referstotheperson(s)speaking;thesecondperson

(you

)referstotheperson(s)spokento;thethirdperson

(he/she/it/they

)referstotheperson(s)orthing(s)spokenabout.第一人称\第二人称\第三人称Atleastonepersondiedandseveralotherswereinjured.至少一人死亡，还有几个人受伤。Iamnotacountrypersonatall.Ipreferthecities.asocialperson我根本不喜欢乡村生活，我喜欢城市。Youmustcollectthemailinpersonandtakealongsomeformofidentification.你必须携带本人身份证明亲自来取邮件。Thechildrenallhaveverydifferentpersonalities.孩子们的性格各不相同。Weneedsomeonewithlotsofpersonalitytoheadtheproject.我们需要一位富有魅力的人来主持这个项目。aTV/sportspersonality

电视圈/体育界名人celebrityTheproblemwithmanymodernbuildingsisthattheylackpersonality.许多现代建筑物的问题在于缺乏特色。stylen.方式；样式；作风lifestyles生活方式=livingstyleshairstyle发型hairstylist=hairdresserdifferentteachingstyles不同教学方式afineexampleofGothicstyle哥特风格的佳例Italian-stylegardens意大利风格的花园in(great,grand,etc.)style气派；隆重；气势非凡anelegantlystyledjacket式样高雅的上衣stylishadj.时尚的;时髦的;新潮的;高雅的;雅致的stylistn.发型师;

文体家

;造型设计师revisevt.&vi.修改;复习;改变(意见或计划);修订(书刊、估算等)Thegovernmentmayneedtoreviseitspolicyinthelightofthisreport.政府可能需要根据这份报告改变其政策。arevisededitionofatextbook课本的修订版Ispenttheweekendrevisingformyexam.我花了整个周末复习备考。Hesooncametorevisehisopinionoftheprofession.他很快就改变了对这个职业的看法。reviser校订者;修订者revisionn.修订;复习;(一项、一轮等)修改The

catalogue

is

under

revision.

目录册正在修订之中。I

have

got

the

revision

of

his

dictionary.

我得到了他编的词典的修订本。He

made

some

minor

revisions

to

the

report

before

printing

it

out.

在将报告打印出来之前，他作了一些小小的修改。补充词汇；1.profilen.轮廓;简介;概述;形象;vt.扼要介绍;概述;写简介ahigh/lowprofile高/低姿态Anewspaperpublishedprofilesofthecandidates'wives.一家报纸刊登了几位候选人夫人的简介。We

could

see

the

profile

of

a

distant

hill

if

it

is

very

clear.

如果天气晴朗，我们可看到远山的轮廓。WHO's

profile

in

the

world

is

high.

世界卫生组织在全球的形象很好。text文本;文档;演讲稿;剧本;文稿;课本;文章;经文v.(用手机给某人)发短信printedtext打印文本textbook课本Readthetextcarefullyandthenanswerthequestions.先仔细阅读文章，然后再回答问题

Kidsseemtobetextingnon-stopthesedays.现在的孩子好像在不停地发短信。reflectvt.&vi.反映;映出(影像);反射;显示，表明，表达(属性或态度、情感等);认真思考Hisfacewasreflectedinthemirror.他的脸映照在镜子里。Whenthesun'srayshittheearth,alotoftheheatisreflectedbackintospace.太阳光线照射到地球时，大量的热被反射回太空。Ournewspaperaimstoreflecttheviewsofthelocalcommunity.我们的报纸旨在表达当地人民的心声。People

can

often

look

back

and

reflect

on

happy

childhood

memories.

人们常能回顾并玩味美好的孩提时代。reflectionn.反映；沉思；映像；深思reflectiveadj.沉思的；深思的；反射热的；reflectorn.反射器；反光镜；反射镜补充短语：astudentIDcard学生卡thelecturehall礼堂avisitingprofessor访问\客座教授mindmaps思维导图Book1welcomeunitWhatif要是……会怎么样呢？Whatwillhappen\willyoudoifitrains?whatif用于提出假设时，意思是“假若……”“假若……怎么办”“要是……将会怎么样”(用于疑问句句首，尤用于询问不希望看到的事发生时的结果)其后句子可用陈述语气（用一般现在时），也可用虚拟语气（用一般过去时或should+动词原形）。Whatif…表示邀请或建议时，意思是“如果……怎么样？”“如果……如何？”表示不重要,此时通常常与so连用，意为“就算……那又怎样？”如：Whatifshefindsoutthatyou’velostherbook?如果她发现你把她的书丢了怎么办?Butwhatifsomebodydecidestobreaktherules?但是如果有人决定打破这些规则呢？Whatifitrainswhenwecan’tgetundershelter?假若下起雨来，我们又没处避雨可怎么办?Whatifyoujoinusforlunch?同我们一起吃午饭怎么样？Whatifwemovedthesofaoverhere?Wouldthatlookbetter?要是我们把沙发挪到这边来会怎么样？看上去会不会好一些？Sowhatifwe’realittlelate?就算我们迟到一会儿那又怎样？Sowhatifthecoloursclashed?就算颜色不协调那又怎样？

So

what

if

sometimes

they

stayed

rather

late,

it

doesn't

mean

anything.

因此，即便有时他们熬夜到很晚，那也说明不了什么。在接下来的半小时里，如果这个问题必须被解决会怎样呢？What__________thisproblemhastobesolvedinthenexthalfhour?if为什么不给他第二次机会呢？___________himasecondchance?（give）Whynotgive今天晚上去看电影怎么样？有一部新电影正在上映。____________tonight?Anewfilmisonshow.Whataboutgoingtothecinema2.find＋sb./sth.＋adj.(宾补)“发现……处于……状态”(教材P4)Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好和乐于助人。句中_______________为宾语，____________为宾语补足语。find＋宾语(n./pron.)＋宾语补足语,常用下列形式：find＋宾语＋adj\n..(宾补)find＋宾语＋doing\done(宾补)Afterwesawthefilm,wefounditvery______________________(interest)．Whenhearrived,hefoundallthework______________________(finish)．(3)WhenIarrivedhome,Ifoundmymother____________________TV.(watch)3.either...or...或者(要么)……或者(要么)……连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则”的并列连词有：either...or... 或者(要么)……或者(要么)……neither...nor... 既不…