人教版中考英语一轮复习 第七讲 被动语态学案

人教版中考英语一轮复习第七讲学科年级学生姓名授课教师上课时间课次英语初三xx老师第七讲专题内容被动语态【教学目标】掌握被动语态的基本用法及考点。学生初步能写被动句。学生掌握各个时态的被动语态结构【教学重点】1.掌握各个时态的被动语态结构。2.掌握被动语态的基本用法及考点。【教学难点】1.掌握各个时态的被动语态结构。2.学生初步会写被动句。【教学内容】词汇回顾知识点讲解+当堂过手训练中考链接巩固练习Part1:专题讲解知识回顾（Unit5）1.闹钟，警报n.__2.沉重地，猛烈地，大量地adv._______3.突然地adv._____4.意识带v.5.完全地，彻底地adv.______6.沉默的adj.__→沉默n.___________7.真相n.→真正地adv._________8.反对，倚靠，对抗prep._________9.掉落的adj._________10.升起v._________2.被动语态知识点（专题）讲解（一）被动语态的定义：用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系（二）被动构成：be+及物动词的过去分词构成。（三）被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上,列表如下时态结构形式※一般现在时※一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时※现在完成时※一般将来时※含有情态动词（四）语态转换时所注意的问题1.把主动语态变为被动语态时,其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致,其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟；谓语主动变被动，be加“过分”来使用；变无论时态是哪种，都在be上来变动。Wehaveboughtanewcomputer.Anewcomputerhasbeenbought(正确)Anewcomputerhavebeenbought.(错误)变式训练；①、Thehousework_________(have)beenfinishedbyhismother.②、Theglassoftheclassroom______brokenbyanaughtyboylastnight.2.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时,可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动,一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday.（变为被动句）→I______________apresentonmybirthday.→Apresent____________________meonmybirthday.如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语,则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词,如上句还可以说:Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday.（变为被动句）→Apresent____________________meonmybirthday.注意:1)一般在下列动词后,常在间接宾语前用介词to,如:bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,pay,promise,sell,show,take,teach,tell等Heshowedthebooktothewholeclass.（变为被动句）→Thebook________________________theclass(byhim).Ilenthermybike.（变为被动句）→Mybike________________________her(byme).2).一般在下列动词后,间接宾语前用介词for,如build,buy,cook,cut,choose,do,find,fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,play,sing等Mymothermademeanewskirt.（变为被动句）→Anewskirt________________________me(bymymother)Shecookedsomedeliciousfoodforme.（变为被动句）→Somedeliciousfood________________________mebyher.3.由动词+介词或副词构成的短语动词,要把它们作为整体看,即把它们看成一个及物动词,介词不可拆开或漏掉,这类动词有:1)不及物动词+介词,如:agreeto,askfor,laughat,listento,lookafter,thinkof,talkabout等Theproblemissolved.Weneedn’ttalkedaboutit.（变为被动句）→Theproblemissolved.Itneedn’t_______________________.Thewholesocietyshouldlookaftertheoldverywell.（变为被动句）→Theoldshould_______________________verywellbythewholesociety.2)及物动词+副词:如:carryout.findout,giveup,handin,makeout,passon,pointout,putaway,putoff,thinkover,tumdown,workout,turnout等。Themanagerturneddownhisrequest(请求)（变为被动句）→Hisrequest________________________bythemanager.Schoolwillputoffthesportsmeetingbecauseofthebadweather（变为被动句）→Thesportsmeeting____________________________becauseofthebadweather3)在see,watch,bear,notice,listento,lookat,,make,feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to,但改成被动语态后都带to(主动to出去被动to回来)Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar.→Heisoftenheard_____________(play)theguitar.Theworkerswereoftenmade_____________(work)overtenhoursadayinthepast.★4.下列情况主动句不能改为被动句第一,感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义,如:feel,look,seem,taste,sound,remain等第二,一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态,如:takeplace,breakout,belongto,等如Thefirebrokeoutinthecapitalbuilding.Theseafoodtastesnice.Thatbookbelongstomyfather.第三,宾语是反身代词,相互代词等,不能变为被动句子的主语,如ItaughtmyselfEnglishWeloveeachother5.在汉语中,有一类句子不出现主语,在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示,例如据说...Itissaidthat...据报导...Itisreportedthat...希望Itishopedthat...众所周知...Itiswellknownthat...普遍认为...Itisgenerallyconsideredthat...有人建议Itissuggestedthat...翻译：据报道明天将会下雨。Itisreportedthat_________________________________________我们都知道爱迪生发明了灯泡。ItiswellknownthatThomasEdison__________thelightbulb.据报道宜宾地震已经造成了12人死亡。ItisreportedthattheearthquakehappenedinYibin______________12________..Part2巩固练习1、基础练习（同义句转换）1.Wecanfinishtheworkintwodays.→Thework_____________________________intwodays.2.TheyproducesilkinSuzhou.→Silk_________________inSuzhou.3.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.→AnEnglishsong__________________________bythechildren.4.Youneedn'tdoitnow.→It___________________________byyounow.5.LucysentmeaNewYearCardlastweek.→ANewYearCard________________________herbymelastweek.6.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.→Metal_________________formakingmachines.7.Hemademedothatforhim.→I_____________________thatforhim.8.Ihavegiventhisbooktothelibrary.→Thisbook________________________tothelibrary.9.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?→________abridge________herebythemayearago?10.We'llputonanEnglishplayinourschool.→AnEnglishplay______________________oninourschool.11.MoreandmorefarmersbuycolourTVsets.→ColourTVsets____________________moreandmorefarmers.12.Mybrotheroftenmends（修理）hiswatch.→Hiswatch___________________________bymybrother.13.Wemustwatertheflowerseveryday.→Theflowersmust________________(byus)everyday.14.Theyuseknivesforcuttingthings.→Knives_______________forcuttingthings.15.Hemadethefarmersworkforalongtime.→Thefarmers____________________________foralongtime.2、巩固练习()1.IthinkcomputetheAItechnology______ineverydaylifebeforelong.A.willuse B.willbeused C.isused D.wasused()2.Oneyear____intofourseasons.A.hasdivided B.isdivided C.divided D.divides()3.Theconcert_____nextFriday.A.willbetakenplace B.willtakeplace C.takesplace D.tookplace()4.We_____tobehereatsixo'clock.A.weretold B.told C.aretold D.willtell()5.English_____allovertheworld.A.speak B.speaks C.isspokento D.isspoken()6.____thesetrees____onthehilltomorrow?A.Willbe…planted B.Will…plantedC.Will…beplanted D.Will…plant()7.He____muchbettertoday.A.isfelt B.felt C.isbeingfelt D.,isfeeling()8.TheBasketballWorldCup_____inChinathisSeptember.A.willhold B.willbeheld C.willbeholded D.willheld()9.Marytoldmethatthestorybookmust_____tothelibraryintwodays.A.bereturn B.bereturned C.beenreturned D.return()10.Thebrokenglass____awaybymealready.A.hasbeenthrew B.hasthrown C.hasbeenthrown D.hasbethrownPart3:拓展练习一、单项选择题。()1.Vegetables,eggsandmeat____inthisshop.A.sells B.sold C.issold D.aresold()2..Howdoyoumakeyourroom____sonice?A.looks B.tolook C.look D.islooked()3..________thehomework_____byTom? Notyet.A.Has…finished B.Hasbeen…finished CWas…finished D.Has…beenfinished()4..____yourschoollibrary____now?A.Is…built B.Is…beingbuiltC.Does…build D.Is…building()5.Thewoundedsoldiermust_____tohospitalatonce.A.beentaken B.take C.betaken D.beingtaken()6..Thisshirtcan't____bywashing-machine.A.bewashedB.wash C.bewash D.bewashing()7..Thepaperforbooksandnewspapers____fromwoodinthisfactory.A.ismade B.aremadeC.isbeingmadeD.hasbeenmade()8.MrSmith'swallet_____outsidethegatebyMary.A.wasfoundedB.wasfound C.wasfoundedout D.i