小升初陈述句培训资料

第三章句型家有学霸曹老师(lǎoshī)在英语中，根据句子用途的不同，可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四类。此外，therebe句型作为一种(yīzhǒnɡ)特殊而重要的句型，在小学阶段也应注意掌握。第一页，共19页。知识(zhīshi)梳理一、陈述句的概念陈述句是用来陈述事实或者(huòzhě)说话人的看法的句子。它包括肯定句和否定句两种。在书写时句末用句点，在朗读时用降调。如：Thisisanicebook.()Susanlikesmathsverymuch.()Myfatherdoesn’tgotoworkonweekends.()Theyaren’tgoingtoclimbthemountainthisSaturday.()第一节陈述句

第二页，共19页。二、肯定句变否定句的基本方法1.句中有be动词(dòngcí)的句子：变为否定句时只需在be动词(dòngcí)后加not。如：(1)IaminGradeSixthisyear.→I’mnot(Iamnot)inGradeSixthisyear.(2)Mikeisgoingtoplayfootballthisafternoon.→Mikeisn’t(isnot)goingtoplayfootballthisafternoon.(3)Theseareredapples.→Thesearen’t(arenot)redapples.(4)Itwasafinedayyesterday.→Itwasn’t(wasnot)afinedayyesterday.(5)Wewerehappyatthattime.→Weweren’t(werenot)happyatthattime.第三页，共19页。2.句中含有情态(qíngtài)动词的句子：变为否定句时只需在情态(qíngtài)动词后加not。如：(1)Petercanfly.→Petercan’t(cannot)fly.(2)Youshouldstopsmokingnow.→Youshouldn’t(shouldnot)stopsmokingnow.3.实义动词的否定句:谓语动词为行为动词的句子变为否定句时，要根据时态选用do的相应形式(do,does,did)，并在其后加not。如：(1)Ilikelisteningtomusic.→Idon’tlikelisteningtomusic.（2）Myfatherlikesplayingsports.→Myfatherdoesn’tlikeplayingsports.第四页，共19页。(3)Grandmadoeshouseworkeveryday.→Grandmadoesn’tdohouseworkeveryday.(4)Hedidhishomeworklastnight.→Hedidn’tdohishomeworklastnight.【注】加donot,doesnot或didnot改为否定句以后(yǐhòu)，要把原句的动词改为动词原形，特别是当原句中的谓语动词是第三人称单数形式does或过去式did时，改为否定句一定要记得在doesn’t或didn’t之后加上do。第五页，共19页。4.几种(jǐzhǒnɡ)特殊形式的否定句(1)肯定句中含有every的合成词时，变为否定句时将其改为no的合成词。如：Everythingisready．→Nothingisready．(2)肯定句中含有always，usually或ever时，变为否定句时将其改为never。如：Heisalwayslateforschool．→Heisneverlateforschool．Iusuallygototheparkonfoot.→Inevergototheparkonfoot.(3)肯定句中含有many或much时，变为否定句时将其改为few或little。如：Manystudentsknowhim．→Fewstudentsknowhim．Thereismuchmilkinthebottle.→Thereislittlemilkinthebottle.第六页，共19页。(4)肯定句中含有both，both…and…或all时，变为否定句时将其改为neither，neither…nor…或none，并注意谓语动词要相应变化。如：Bothofusarestudents．→Neitherofusisastudent．BothyouandIareright.→NeitheryounorIamright.Allthestudentsareintheclassroom.→Noneofthestudentsisintheclassroom.(5)“Ithink…”句式(jùshì)变为否定句时，只要在think之前加don’t即可。如：Ithinkyouareright.→Idon’tthinkyouareright.第七页，共19页。考点(kǎodiǎn)精析考点(kǎodiǎn)1考查陈述句基础句型的运用能力【例1】根据图片将句子补充完整，每空一词。1.Thisruleris_______________.2.They___________________________.第八页，共19页。解析：本题考查学生对陈述句基本句型的运用能力。第1小题的句子形式是：主语+系动词+表语。因此，横线上需要填上一个单词或短语对主语进行修饰或限定。第2题只给出了主语They,只要能根据图片内容写出符合图意的句子，并保证句子语句通顺和语法正确(zhèngquè)就可以了。答案：1.long2.likeplayingfootball/areplayingfootball第九页，共19页。举一反三1.改错，选出错误(cuòwù)项的字母编号并改正在后面的横线上。()(1)Mybrotherisplayingpiano.ABC()(2)Someboyscomesinhappily.ABC()(3)It’sgoingtowarmtomorrow.ABCCBBplayingthepianocomeinbewarm第十页，共19页。2.用括号内所给动词(dòngcí)的适当填空。(1)There_____somebagsintheroom.Theblackone_____mine.(be)(2)Ahorse_____run,butit_____fly.(can)(3)Davidalways_____hishomeworkat7:00p.m.(do)(4)Look,thefish______________inthewater.Theyaresocute.（swim）areiscancan'tdoesareswimming第十一页，共19页。考点2考查陈述句的句式转换【例2】按要求转换句型。1.Todayisarainyday.(改为否定句)

2.Hedoessportsthreetimesaweek.(改为否定句)

解析：本题考查肯定句和否定句的转换，要注意转换规则。第1小题中有be动词is，则只需要在is之后(zhīhòu)加上not即可；第2小题中没有be动词，而是行为动词do的三单形式does，在改写否定句的时候，要先加上doesn’t,然后再将原来的does还原为do,放在does之后(zhīhòu)，这种题是最容易出错的。答案：1.Todayisn’tarainyday.2.Hedoesn’tdosportsthreetimesaweek.第十二页，共19页。举一反三(jǔyīfǎnsān)根据括号内动词的提示，将下列句子改为否定句。1.Sarah_____(can)swim.2.I_____(do)wanttoeatmorecandies.3.Atiger_____(can)fly,butitcanjump.4.You________(should)putonyourjacket.5.You_______(must)smokehere.6.It_______(was)rainyyesterday.can'tdon'tcan'tshouldn'tmustn'twasn't第十三页，共19页。过关(guò〃guān)检测1.单项填空(tiánkòng)。()1.Myfather_____likeapples.A．isn’tB.doesn’tC．don’t()2.I_____likepopmusic.A．isn’tB.doesn’tC．don’t()3.I_____gotoschoolyesterday.A．doB．don’tC．didn’t()4.—What’sthis?—_____abook.A．ThatisB．It’sC．This()5.I_____manybirthdaypresents.A．amB．hasC．haveBCCBC第十四页，共19页。()6.Mymother_____badmintonwell.A．isplay

B．play

C．plays()7.I_____freelastSunday.A．am

B．did

C．was()8.Thegirlreads_____.A．loud

B．loudly

C．loudy()9.Mymotherwouldlike_____somemeat.A．buy

B．buying

C．tobuy()10.Hereisacard_____yourfather.A．in

B．from

C．toCCBCB第十五页，共19页。二、将下列(xiàliè)句子改为否定句，每空一词。1.Thisisadesk.This_____adesk.2.Mysistercandrawpictures.Mysister_____drawpictures.3.Wedomorningexerciseseveryday．We__________morningexerciseseveryday．4.Mikedoeshishomeworkafterdinner.Mike_____________hishomeworkafterdinner.5.Mygrandparentsdidsportsinthegardenyesterday.Mygrandparents____________sportsinthegardenyesterday.isn’tcan’tdon’tdodoesn’tdodidn’tdo第十六页，共19页。6．Thereissomethingwrongwithmybike．There_____________/______________wrongwithmybike．7．BothJoanandIareinClassOne._______Joan_____I_____inClassOne．8．Allofuscanswim．_______________canswim．9．Youcanplaybasketballhere.You_____playbasketballhere．10．Ithinkitisgoingtoraintomorrow．I_______________goingtoraintomorrow．isn’tanythingisnothingNeithernoramNoneofuscan’tdon’tthinkit’s第十七页，共19页。三、按要求改写下列句子。1.Thisisabanana.（改为复数(fùshù)形式）_____________________________________2.Therearesomeapplesonthedesk.（改为否定句）_____________________________________3.Ifeelbadlastnight.（改为同义句）_____________________________________4.I’mgoingtoBeijingnextweek.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答）__________________________________________________________________________Thesearebananas.Therearen’tanyapplesonthedesk.Ididn’tfeelwelllastnight.—