中考英语语法专题 主从复合句之状语从句课件

中考状语从句状语：常用来修饰动词，表示动作发生的时间，地点，原因，目的，结果，方式等。1.WearetakinganEnglishlessonnow.2.Becauseoftheheavyrain,wewerelate.3.Icomeheretovisityou.4.Tomoftengoestoworkonfoot.5.Thechildrenlikeplayinggamesinthepark.6.Theboyisoldenoughtolookafterhimself.1.WearetakinganEnglishlessonnow.2.WeweretakeinganEnglishlessonwhen

thestromcame.3.Becauseoftheheavyrain,wewerelate.4.Because

itrainedheavily,wewerelate.状语从句：(连词+句子)充当句子的状语1.时间状语从句2.原因状语从句3.结果状语从句4.条件状语从句5.目的状语从句6.让步状语从句7.比较状语从句状语从句考点：1.连接词（引导词）2.主从句的时态时间状语从句从句表示主句动作发生的时间。常用连接词1.when,while,as2.before,after3.until(not...until...)4.since5.assoonashardly...when...,nosooner...than...1.when,while,as:表示主从句动作同时发生,意为当。。。的时候，且常用在过去时中。1)当我正在看书时，地震发生了。WhenI

wasreadingabook,theearthquakehappened.2)当暴风雨来临时，我们正在打篮球。wewereplaying

basketballwhenthestromcame.when时间段--动词可延续--过去进行时时间点--动词非延续--一般过去时1)当Tom在修他的自行车时，爸爸在看电视。WhileTomwasrepairinghisbike,hisfatherwaswatchingTV.2)当老师在讲课的时候，我们在记笔记。Whiletheteacherwasgivingalesson,weweretakingnotes.While--时间段--动词可延续--过去进行时如果从句动作和主句动作同时发生，并且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as可以互换使用。1.When/While/Asweweredancing,astrangercamein.2.When/While/Asshewasmakingaphonecall,Iwaswritingaletter.3.When/Asthedooropend,acrowdofstudentsrushedintotheroom.情况1：当as表示一边。。。，一边。。。1.Asmymother

sangthoseoldsongs,tearsrandownhercheeks.2.Thestudentstooknotesastheylistened.主从句是常用一般过去时，不用过去进行时。注：as不能用when，while替换的情况情况2：当as表示“随着时间的推移”1.Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.2.Asyearsgoby,Chinaisgettingstrongerandricher.3.Assummercomes,daysbecomeslongerandlonger.1.Motherwasdoingsomecleaning_________fatherwaswatchingthefootballmatch.2.Shedanced____shesang.3.Hecouldn’thelpcrying_______heheardthebadnews.4.Helenwascleaningthewindow_______hermotherwascooking.5.Iwenttobed_______Ifinishedmyhomework.whenwhilewhenaswhile2.before,afterbefore:在。。。之前after:在。。。之后常表示两个有先后顺序的动作。1.在我离开办公室前，我把灯关了。BeforeIlefttheoffice,Ihadturnedoffthelight.2.在我完成工作后，我才去睡觉。AfterIhadfinishedthework,Iwenttobed.如果动作发生在过去：after后的动作用过去完成时；before后的动作用一般过去时。Tomwentforawalk.Tomhaddinner.Beforehewentforawalk,Tomhadhaddinner.Wetookthefinalexam.Wehadalongholiday.Afterwehadtakenthefinalexam,wehadalongholiday.Theyplayedfootball.Thayhadareat.Beforetheyhadareat,theyplayedfootball.3.till,until相同点：都可以表示某个动作持续发生到某事(时)停止。1.Wewaitedforhimtill/untilhecame.2.Tomstudiedtill/untilhisfathertoldhimtorest.3.Hewillteachthechildrentill/untilheretires.不同点：till通常不与not连用；当主句动词为非延续动词时，常构成not...until...结构。Isleptuntil/till

hewokemeup.Ididn'tgotobeduntilIfinishedmyreport.Westayedheretill/untiltheholidaywasover.Wedid'tleaveuntiltheholidaywasover.not...until...直到从句动作发生，主句动作才开始。4.sincesince表示自过去动作发生一直到现在。since连接时间状语从句时，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。1.在他来到中国，就一直在学习汉语。HehasstudiedChinesesincehecametoChina.2.在我们认识那天，我们就成了好朋友。Sincewekneweachother,wehavebeengoodfriends.注：Itis+时间段+

since+从句Ithasbeen+时间段+

since+从句自从句动作发生到现在有多长时间1.自我学习英语以来已经有10年了。Itis/hasbeen10yearssinceIlearntEnglish.2.从我工作开始到现在已有8年了。Itis/hasbeen8yearssinceIworked.5.assoonas...,hardly...when...,

nosooner...than...表示一个动作刚结束，另一个动作就开始了他一得到消息，就离开了。Assoonashehadgotthenews,he

left.Hehadhardlygotthenewswhenheleft.Hehadnosoonergotthenewsthanheleft.1.他一看到我就跑掉了。Assoonashehadseenme,heranaway.Hehadhardlyseenmewhenheranaway.Hehadnosoonerseenmethanheranaway.2.我一到家就下雨了Ihadhardlyreachedhomewhenitbegantorain.Ihadnosoonerreachedhomethanitbegantorain.当主从句动作都发生在将来时，一下连词都可以遵循：主将从现，主情从现，主祈从现。when,till,until,assoonas,before,after.结果状语从句常用的表示结果状语从句的连词。so…that+从句such…that+从句…太什么样，导致什么事情的发生Tomrunssofastthatnobodycancatchhim.Tom跑得太快了，没有人能够追上他。ItissuchaninterestingbookthatIamreadingitthesedays.这是一本如此有趣的书，我这几天都在看。主句表原因，从句表结果从句表结果so…that…

句型一Thedishissonicethateveryonelikesit.这道菜是如此的美味，每个人都喜欢。YourhouseissodirtythatIcan’tstandit.你的房子太乱了，我实在忍不了了。若遇到主系表结构，常用so来修饰后面的形容词，结构为：so+形容词+that+从句so…that…

句型二HespeaksEnglishsofastthatwecan’tunderstand.他的英语说得太快了，我们都没理解。Hearrivedsolatethattheteacheralmostfinishedtheclass.他来得太迟了，老师都快要下课了。若遇到主谓结构，需要副词修饰动词时，结构为：so+副词that+从句so…that…

句型三Jerryissofunnyateacherthatwealllikehim.Jerry是一位如此有趣老师，我们都喜欢他。Itissodifficultaquestionthatwecan’tworkoutit.这是一个如此难的问题，我们都不能做出来。若需要修饰一个可数名词单数时，结构为：

so+形容词+a/an+可数单that+从句这个问题太难了，我无法解决。Theproblemwas______________thatIcouldn’tsolveit.她是如此可爱的女孩子，所有人都非常喜欢她。Sheis___________________thatallloveherverymuch.他开车实在太大意了，差点丢了性命。Hedrove________________thathealmostlosthislife.sodifficultsolovelyagirlsocarelesslysuch…that…

句型一Jerry是一位如此有趣老师，我们都喜欢他。Jerryissofunnyamanthatwealllikehim.Jerryissuchafunnymanthatwealllikehim.这是一个如此难的问题，我们都不能做出来。Itissohardaquestionthatwecan’tsolveit.Itissuchahardquestionthatwecan’tsolveit.在such句型中，若需要修饰可数名词单数，结构为：such+a/an+形容词+名词单数+

that+从句such…that…

句型二Thesearesuchactiveboysthattheylikesports.这是些如此活跃的男孩子，他们都喜欢体育。Theyaresuchusefulbooksthattheysoldwell.这些书如此的有用，买的很好。在such句型中，若需要修饰可数名词复数时，结构为：such+形容词+可数名词复数+that从句such…that…

句型三ItissuchfreshairherethatIreallyenjoyit.这里的空气是如此的新鲜，我非常喜欢。Itwassuchbadweatherthatwecouldstayathome.天气是如此糟糕，我们只能待在家里。在such句型中，若需要修饰不可数名词，结构为：such+形容词+不可数名词+that从句such…that…句型四such是一个形容词，意思是如此的，这样的，所以such直接可以修饰名词。ImadesuchamistakethatIcouldn’tforgivemyself.Wegotsuchsuccessthatwewereveryhappy.Hehassuchproblemsthathefeelsworried.such+a/an+可数单/可数复/不可数that从句1.Mike是如此诚实的一个男孩子，我们都相信他。Mikeis________________________thatweallbelieveinhim.2.他们是这样好的孩子们，他们的老师都喜欢他们。Theyare_________________________thattheirteachersalllikethem.3.这是如此好的消息，我很听到都很高兴。Itwas____________________thatweweregladtohearit.4.他有这么多书，我都数不过来。He

has___________________

that

I

can't

count

them.

suchanhonestboysuchgoodchildrensuchgoodnewssomany

books他有这么多书，我都数不过来。He

hassomanybooks

that

I

can't

count

them.在结果状语从句中，若名词前出现many,much,few,little这四个词时，必须用so。

IhavesofewfriendsthatIfeellonely.Therewassomuchfoodthatwecouldnoteatitall.so用法总结so+副词so+形容词so+形容词+a/an+名词单数so+many/much/few/little+名复/不可数such用法总结such+(a/an)名词such+a/an+adj+名词单数such+adj+名词复数such+adj+不可数名词1.Hespeaks____fastthatnoonecancatchhim.2.Ihavehad____manyfallsthatI’mblackandblue.3.Thereare____fewbooksthatIcan’tgiveyouone.4.Theyare_______interestingmoviesthatIwanttoseethemagainandagain.5.Theyare____manyinterestingmoviesthatIwanttoseethemagainandagain.6.Ourcountryhas____muchcoalthatshecanexportlargequantities.sosososuchsoso7.Theshopsells_______expensivegoodsthatIwanttobuynothinginit.8.He’s_______agoodpersonthatwemustn’tblamehim.9.Theyare______fineteachersthatweallrespectthem.10.Itis______niceweatherthatIwouldliketogotothebeach.suchsuchsuchsuch目的状语从句表示从句动作是主句动作发生的目的。常用连词:sothat,inorderthat,incase.1)sothat/inorderthat意为“为了，以便于”Heisworkinghardinorderthathecanpasstheexamination.为了考试及格，他正在努力学习。Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.说清楚点以便能明白你说的话。1.我们使用电脑为的是能节省时间。Weusecomputersinorderthatwe

may

savetime.2.他早早起床为了能按时到校。Hegotupearlysothathecouldgettoschoolontime.注：1.主从句时态要保持一致；

2.从句动词常由情态动词构成，如can,could,may,might等，表示可以，能够。2)incase意为“以免，免得”1.Bequiet,incaseyouwillwakeupthebaby.安静点，以免吵醒孩子。2.You'dbeeterputonyourcoat,incaseyoucatchacold.你最好穿上外套，免得感冒。3.IwrotedownhisaddressincaseIgotlost.我写下了他的地址，以免迷路。注：目的状语从句与简单句的转化1.Weusecomputersinorderthatwemay

savetime.Weusecomputers

inorderto

save

time.2.Hegotupearlysothathecouldgettoschoolontime.Hegotupearlysoasto

getto

schoolontime.3.Heisworkinghardinorderthathecanpasstheexamination.Heisworkinghardtopasstheexamination.todo/inordertodo/soastodo可以表目的。1.I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early ____Ican have time for a cup of tea. A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that2.Heleftin___ahurry___heforgottolockthedoor.A.such,thatB.so,thatC.such,asD.so,whenDA3.Youmustimproveyourstudymethod_____youmaymakeprogressinyourstudies.A.soastoB.inordertoC.soD.inorderthat4.Leave your key with a neighbor________ you lock yourself out one day. A. ever since     B. even if         C. soon after     D. in caseDD5.Speak to him slowly ____ he may understand you better. A. since B. so that C. for   D. because6.Ioftenreviewthewordsandexpressionsnottoforgetthem.(同义句)IoftenreviewthewordsandexpressionssothatImaynotforgetthem.B原因状语从句从句表示主句动作发生的原因。常用的连词：because,as,since1)because语气最强，用来说明未知的原因，起解释说明的作用，回答why提出的问题。1.A:Whyareyoulatefortheclass?B:BecauseImissedthebus.2.IhavetoleavenowbecauseIwillattendanimportantmeeting.since/as常表示已知的原因，意为“既然”。1.Since/Asherealizedhismistake,wedidn'tpunishhim.既然他已经意识到错了，我们就不惩罚他了。2.Since/Asitiscoldoutside,Ihadbetterputonthecoat.既然外面很冷，我还是把外套穿上吧。3.Since/Aseveryoneisready,let'sbeginourclass.既然所有人都在，那我们就上课吧。1.Imissedthetrain___________Igetuplate.2.___________youdon'ttrusthim,youshouldnotemployhim.3.Ican’tgettosleep___________itistoonoisyoutside.4.____________we’venomoney,wecan’tbuyit.5.Ididn’tgo___________Iwasafraid.6.Isaidnothingaboutit___________hiswifewasthere.becausebecausebecausebecauseAs/SinceAs/Since注1：because不能与so连用。因为我不喜欢我的英语老师，所以我的英语很差。BecauseIdon'tlikemtEnglishteacher,somyEngishispoor.BecauseIdon'tlikemtEnglishteacher,myEngishispoor.Idon'tlikemtEnglishteacher,somyEngishispoor.注2：because和for的区别。because属于从属连词，而for属于并列连词。我经常锻炼是因为对身体有好处。Ioftendoexcrisebecauseitisgoodforhealth.(主从复合句)Ioftendoexcrise,foritisgoodforhealth.(并列句)条件状语从句表示当从句满足某个条件时，主句动作才会发生。常用连词：if,unless,as/solongas考点一：主从句时态1.Ifwe________(have)timetomorrow,we_________fishing.2.What______you______(do)ifyou______(are)freethisweekend.3.Ifhe_________(come)back,please______(call)meup.cangohavearedowillcomescall主将从现主情从现主祈从现考点二：if与unless的转化当从句表否定时，if...not...可与unless转化。原则：从变主不变Ifyoudon'thurryup,youwillmissthetrain.Unlessyouhurryup,youwillmissthetrain.Ifhedoesn'ttellmethetruth,IwillaskTom.Unlesshetellmethetruth,IwillaskTom.unless常译为：如果不。。。就。。。或除非。。。不然就。。。考点三：as/solongas

表示“只要，要是”Aslongasyou'reherewithme,don'tcarewhatiswritteninyourhistory.我不在乎你过去的种种，只要你陪在我身边。Aslongasyouloveme,don'tcarewhatyoudid.我不在乎你做过什么，只要你爱我就好。1.——Helen,doyouknowifMartin_____tomypartynextweek?——Ithinkhewillcomeifhe_____free.A.willcome;willbeB.willcome;isC.come;isD.comes;willbe2.Idon’tknowifJack________.Ifhe_