高二英语选修7第二十单元资料

Unit20Newfrontiers基础知识提要核心单词根据提示写出英语单词或汉语意思。1.__________n.质量；大量2.__________vt.帮助；协助3.__________n.后者4.__________vi.点击5.__________adj.方便使用的6.__________vt.下载7.__________vt.更新8.__________vt.评价；评估9.__________adj.电子的10.__________adj.数字式的massassistlatterclickhandydownloadupdateassesselectronicdigital11.__________vt.拯救；救援12.__________vt.捐赠；赠送13.__________vi.通信14.__________conj.同时15.__________vt.治愈16.__________n.

障碍；屏障17.__________vt.允许；准许18.__________vi.打喷嚏19.__________adj.成熟的20.__________vt.宣告；宣布rescuedonatecorrespondmeanwhilecurebarrierpermitsneezeripedeclare21.algebra__________22.geometry__________23.recreation__________24.seminar__________25.enterprise__________26.welfare__________27.conflict__________28.specialist__________29.colleague__________30.procedure_________31.premier__________代数几何消遣；娱乐研讨会；交流会事业；企业福利争执；冲突专家同事；同僚程序；步骤最重要的32.circuit__________33.microwave__________34.patent__________35.phenomenon__________36.primitive___________37.permanent___________38.initial______________39.socket____________40.souvenir___________电路微波炉专利现象原始的长久的；永久的最初的；开始的插座纪念品词类转换按要求写出下列单词的适当形式。1.assist

(vt.)_______________(n.)助手类似：participate__________

(n.)参加者2.hand(n.)______________(adj.)方便使用的类似：mist______________

(adj.)多雾的3.stain(n.)______________(adj.)无污迹的类似：breath____________(adj.)屏息的4.starve(vi.)_____________(n.)饥饿类似：declare____________(n.)

宣告；宣布5.equal

(adj.)_____________(n.)平等类似：active______________(n.)

活动assistantparticipanthandymistystainlessbreathlessstarvationdeclarationequalityactivity6.assess(vt.)____________(n.)评价；评估类似：invest____________(n.)投资7.digit

(n.)_____________(adj.)数字式的类似：origin___________(adj.)起初的8.connect(v.)___________(v.)切断类似：cover_____________(v.)发现9.ripe(adj.)_____________(v.)(使)成熟类似：wide_____________(v.)(使)加宽10.shave(v.)____________(n.)电动剃须刀类似：settle_____________(n.)

移民；殖民者assessmentinvestmentdigitalorginaldisconnectdiscoverripenwidenshaversettler重要词组1.__________预先2.__________泄露（秘密）3.__________接收；接管4.__________________处于进退两难的困境5.__________________更不用说6.___________________________与此同时7.__________________挑选出8.__________________治愈某人的疾病9.__________________求助于10.________________________努力解决难事11.________________________致力于做某事inadvancegiveawaytakeoverinadilemmanottomention(inthe)meanwhile/meantimesingleoutcuresb.ofadiseaseturntosb.forhelpwrestlewithsomethingbededicatedtodoingsth.12._____________________错误地13._____________________弥补14._____________________理解15._____________________从……到……范围16._____________________传达；使人了解17._____________________出版；发售；上演18._____________________换句话说19.__________informationtechnology20.__________artificialintelligence21.__________bluetoothtechnology22.__________blackholebymistake/inerrormakeupforfigureoutrangefrom…to…getacrosscomeoutinotherwords信息技术人工智能蓝牙技术黑洞23.__________lightyear24.__________searchengine25.__________theoryofrelativity26.__________spacerace27.__________asteppingstone28.__________kickoff29.__________dropoff30.__________ratherthan31.__________incase32.__________inconclusion光年搜索引擎相对论太空竞赛垫脚石开始；开球减少而不是万一；如果总之；最后重要考点突破核心单词1.electronicadj.电子的

Thisdictionaryisavailableinelectronicversion.这部词典有电子版。▲辨析：electric为“电的，用电的，带电的”，指任何电动的或发电的装置，被修饰的物体本身可带电。electrical为“电的，与电有关的，电气科学的”，指与电有关的事物，被修饰的词本身并不能带电。■运用：请使用electric,electrical,electronic填空。(1)Pleaseconnectthetwo___________wires.(2)Heburiedhimselfinan___________book.(3)Ilove____________music.electricelectricalelectronic2.conflictn.冲突；矛盾vi.发生冲突

Thereis,infact,noconflict.其实并不矛盾。

Thehoursofthetwomeetingsconflict.这两个会议时间发生冲突。★拓展：comeintoconflict发生冲突

conflictwithsb./sth.与……有分歧■运用：用conflict翻译下列句子。(1)中国法律与国际法律之间有分歧吗？Do__________________________anyinternationallaws?(2)这两个室友经常闹矛盾。Thetworoommatesoften________________________Chineselawsconflictwithcomeintoconflict.3.instructionn.

使用说明，须知(常用复数)；指令，教育，教学

Ireadtheinstructionsonthebottle.我读了瓶子上的用法说明。

Instructionknowsnoclassdistinction.教育无贵贱之分。(有教无类)▲辨析：explanation解释

description描述，描写★拓展：giveinstructionstosb./sth.给某人发出指令■运用：用instruction,explanation,description填空。(1)Thebeautyofthesunriseisbeyond__________.(2)Beforetakingthemedicine,yououghttostudythe________________orfollowthedoctor'sadvice.(3)Reasonableashis_______________forhisabsencesounded,Iwouldn’tacceptit.descriptioninstructionsexplanation4.rescuevt.挽救，救出(save...fromharmordanger;setfree)

Herescuedthreechildrenfromtheburningbuilding.他从失火的建筑物内救出了三个孩子。▲辨析：(1)rescue多指在直接的危险或祸患中给予迅速和有效的救援，较save更能表达拯救的紧迫性，一般指救人；它还有从监禁中救出的意思。(2)save指通过救援不但使受害者(人或物)能脱离危险或祸患，而且使其能保存下来，有时可与rescue通用。从某种状态中把某人拯救出来多用save。■运用：用rescue或save填空。(1)只有社会主义才能救中国。Onlysocialismcan__________China.(2)救生艇被派出去救沉船的水手。Thelifeboatwassentoutto__________thesailorsfromthesinkingship.(3)消防队员行动及时，该建筑物方免遭焚毁。Thequickactionofthefiremen__________thebuildingfrombeingburneddown.

saverescuesaved5.splitv.劈开，使裂开，分担，分享n.

分裂

Somekindsofwoodspliteasily.有些木材容易劈开。

We’llsplitthecostofthepetrol.我们平摊了油费。★拓展：splitupwith断绝关系，分离splitinto分成■运用：用split翻译下列句子。(1)我们分成两组搜查了树林。______________________andsearchedtheforest.(2)我决定同他绝交。Idecide________________________.Wesplitintotwogroupstosplitupwithhim.6.curev.

治愈，治疗n.

治愈，疗法

Theonlywaytocurebackacheistorest.治疗背痛的唯一办法是休息

WhenIleftthehospitalIwascompletelycured.出院时，我已经完全痊愈了。

Thereisstillnocureforthecommoncold.目前仍没有治愈感冒的良药。※提示：cure表示治病的良药(=medicine)时，后面接介词for。▲辨析：treat意为“治疗”，不一定治愈；cure则指“治愈”，且与treat搭配不同；heal意为“治愈”，但其多用于指治愈外伤（wound,injury,cut,burnetc.）。◆搭配：treatsb.foradisease治疗某人的（疾病）

curesb.ofsth.治好某人的（疾病）■运用：补充下列句子。(1)治疗头痛的唯一方法就是休息。____________________________istorest.(2)医生治好了他父亲的癌症。Thedoctor__________________cancer.Theonlywaytocureheadachecuredhisfatherof7.permitv.

允许，容许n.

许可证◆搭配：permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事permitdoingsth.允许做某事※注意：permit用做动词时，其后跟宾语(人)，则要加动词不定式作宾补；若不跟宾语(人)，则需要加动名词作宾语。类似的动词还有：allow,forbid,advise,recommend等■运用：用permit翻译下列句子。(1)如果时间许可的话，我开完会就来。I'llcomeafterthemeetingif_______________.(2)他们不允许你抽烟。Theydon't________________________.timepermitspermityoutosmoke(3)办公室里不允许抽烟。Wedon’t_________________intheoffice.(4)你有没有取得驾照？Haveyougota_________________.★拓展：说出下列句子中划线部分的意思。(1)WithyourpermissionI'llleavenow.(2)Youcan'ttakephotographsherewithoutpermission.permitsmokingdrivingpermitwithyourpermission如果你许可withoutpermission未经许可8.declarevt.宣布，公告vi.声明，表示

Shedeclaredthatheknewnothingabouttheaccident.她声称她对这起交通事故一无所知。

Joneswasdeclaredthewinner.琼斯被宣布为冠军。

Wedeclaredfortheirproposal.我们声明赞成他们的建议。※说明：可接that从句，也可接形容词或名词作补语。◆搭配：declarefor声明赞成

declareagainst声明反对，表态反对■运用：用declare翻译下列句子。(1)他声称自己是无罪的。(至少两种译法)Hedeclared________________________________________________________________________(2)人民声明反对这场战争。Thepeopledeclare_________________(3)我现在宣布会议开幕。Inow____________________________★拓展：declarationn.

宣布；公布theDeclarationofIndependence独立宣言announce(vt.)→announcement(n.)通知；布告thathewasinnocenthimselfinnocent

/himselftobeinnocentagainstthewardeclarethismeetingopen9.donatev.捐献■运用：用donate翻译下列句子。(1)她把自己的书捐赠给图书馆。_____________________________(2)献血是我们的义务。_________________isourresponsibility.★拓展：donationn.

捐献★联想：collect/raisemoneyforsb./sth.为某人/某事募捐Shedonatedherbookstothelibrary.Donatingblood10.correspondv.通信，符合，相当★搭配：correspondwithsb.和某人通信(=communicatewithsb.)correspondwithsth.与……相符合correspondtosth.相当于■运用：请用上述短语填入下列的空格中。(1)他所说的跟他所做的相符合(言行一致)。Whathesaid____________________whathedid.(2)美国的国会相当於英国的议会。TheAmericanCongress_________________theBritishParliament.(3)我已多年没跟我的老朋友通信了。Ihaven’t___________________myoldfriendsforyears.correspondedwithcorrespondstocorrespondedwith重要词组1.single…out(for)(为特殊对待而)挑选出，找出

Theyalldidwrong;whysinglehimoutforpunishment?他们都有错，为何单挑他来处分?★联想：表示“挑选出”的还有select/choose/pickout等。■运用：用singleout翻译下列句子。 (1)这学期我们都学习不错，我真不明白为什么我们的英语老师单单表扬了班长一个人。Ireallydon'tseewhyourEnglishteachershould______________________praisesincewehavealldonequitewellthisterm.(2)吉利被选为最优秀的学生。Jerry______________________asthebeststudentsingleoutourmonitorforwassingledout2.wrestlewith努力解决(sth.)，同(某人)搏斗/扭打

Hehasbeenwrestlingwiththedifficultproblem.他一直在努力解决这个难题。

Hewrestledwithoneofhisclassmates.他与一个同学扭成一团。■运用：用wrestlewith翻译下列句子。(1)昨天约翰与抢劫者进行了搏斗。John_____________________________(2)他帮助她克服了她遇到的许多困难。Hehelpedher__________________________shemetwrestledwiththerobberswrestlewiththedifficulties3.takeover接管

Hewantedtotakeoverthejob.他想接管这项工作。

Ourchairmanhasleft,soPeterwilltakeover.我们的主席走了，彼得将接任。■运用：用含takeover的短语翻译下列句子。(1)当她生病的时候她女儿从她手中接管了生意。Whenshefellill,herdaughter________________________(2)你愿意让我替你开一会儿车吗？Wouldyoulikemeto______________________forawhile?tookoverthebusinessfromhertakeoverthedriving4.turnto求助于，翻到

Thereisnobodyshecouldturnto.她求助无门。★拓展：turntosb.forhelp/comfort寻求帮助/安慰■运用：用turnto翻译下列句子。(1)这个孩子向他母亲寻求安慰。Thechild_______________________________(2)如果你遇到了困难，可以向你的老师求助。Ifyouareintrouble,________________________(3)打开书，翻到第五页。Openyourbooks.__________________________.turnedtohismotherforcomfort.youcanturntoyourteacher(forhelp)TurntoPage55.lookinto调查(=investigate/examine)

Thepolicemenhavelookedintothemurdercase.警察已经介入调查这件谋杀案了。■运用：用lookinto翻译下列句子。(1)他们成立了一个委员会来调查这一事件。Theysetupacommittee___________________.(2)机器出了问题，我们正在检查。Somethingiswrongwiththemachine;_______________________________tolookintothematterwearelookingintoit.6.giveaway泄露；分发，捐赠；把(新娘)交给新郎■运用：说出这下列句子中giveaway意思。(1)Thebridewasgivenawaybyherfather.(2)Themayorgiveawaytheprizeattheschoolsportsday.(3)Don'tgiveawaytheending!Iwanttowatchitformyself.(4)Shegaveawayallhermoneytothepoor.(5)Hewouldratherdiethangiveawayhisfriend.把(新娘)交给新郎颁发泄露，把……说出来捐献出卖，背叛7.bymistake错误地(=inerror)

Hedialedthenumberbymistake.他拨错了电话号码。■运用：用bymistake翻译下列句子。(1)对不起，我错拿了你的钢笔。Sorry.I____________________________.(2)汤姆一定是弄错了才拿了你的字典。Tommusthavetaken_____________________________.★拓展：learnbyone’smistake从错误中吸取教训★联想：mistake…for…=take…for…把……误认为

Imistookthestickforasnake.我把这个棍子误以为是蛇了。tookyourpenbymistakeyourdictionarybymistake8.figureout理解，算出，找到I’veneverbeenabletofigurehimout.我一直都不能理解他。■运用：请说出下列句子中figureout的意思。Ican’tfigureoutwhyhequithisjob.(2)Haveyoufiguredoutwhat’swrongwithyourcar?(3)Ihavefigureouthowmuchtheholidaywillcost.理解找到算出9.makeupfor弥补Hardworkcanmakeupforalackofintelligence.勤能补拙。★拓展：makeuptosb.巴结某人■运用：用makeupfor语翻译下列句子。(1)我们必须努力工作以弥补失去的时光。Wemustworkhardto_____________________(2)什么也不能补偿他们所受的痛苦。Nothingcan_____________________________(3)他总是巴结他的老板。Heisalways_____________________________makeupforthelosttimemakeupforwhattheyhavesufferedmakinguptotheboss.10.rangefrom…to…从……到……范围(=rangebetween…and…)Leathershoesrangefrom$10to$30apair.皮鞋售价每双10美元至30美元不等。■运用：用rangefrom…to…翻译下列句子。(1)价钱从7美元到10美元不等。Prices___________________________(2)他的兴趣从下棋到游泳，范围很广。Hisinterests_______________________rangebetween$7and$10=rangefrom$7to$10rangedfromchesstoswimming.高级句型1.Bytheyear2015,theclothingindustrywillhaveproducednewtypesofmaterialthatwillremainstainlessnomatterwhatyouspillonthem.2015年之前，服装工业将生产出新型的材料，不管你将什么东西洒在上面，都不会留下污点。结构分析:整句是一个较复杂的主从复合句。thatwillremainstainless…是定语从句，定语从句中又有由nomatterwhat引导的让步状语从句。顺便提提，”by+将来时间”常与将来完成时连用，本句中主句的谓语willhaveproduced就是将来完成时。学以致用：用nomatterwhat翻译下列句子。无论什么时间，你到了那儿就给我打电话。_____________________________________Callmewhenyougetthere,nomatterwhatthetimeis.2.Bytheyear2030,developmentinbiochemistryandmedicalsciencewillhavemadeittheoreticallypossibleforustoliveforatleast150years.2030年之前，生物化学和医学的发展将能够在理论上使人类至少活到150岁。结构分析:该句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是其后的不定式复合结构forustoliveforatleast150years，possible用作宾语补足语。能用于makeit+adj.+forsb.todosth.句型的还有think,consider,feel,find等动词。学以致用：用makeitpossibleforsb.todosth.翻译下列句子。中国经济的快速增长使得农村孩子享受真正的免费义务教育成为可能。____________________________________________ThefastdevelopmentofChineseeconomyhasmadeitpossibleforthechildrenintheruralareastoenjoyrealfreecompulsoryeducation.3.Amazingdiscoveriesweremadeinmedicine,communicationsandtransport,nottomentionourknowledgeoftheworldandspace.人们在医药、通讯和运输方面做出了令人惊叹的发现，更不要说我们对世界和空间的知识发现。结构分析:本句中的nottomentionsth.意为“更不用说”，相当于介词的用法，用于句末补充信息。类似的表达还有：nottospeakof,tosaynothingof,letalone（用作连词）等。如：Thelittlechildcan’twalk,letalonerun/nottomentionrunning.(这小孩连走都不会，更不用说跑了)学以致用：用nottomentionsth.翻译下列句子。他连简单句的结构都搞不清楚，更不用说复杂句了。____________________________________________Thestructureofthesimplesentenceisnotcleartohim,nottomentionthecomplexsentence.单元基础过关一、单词拼写根据句子意思，用本单元单词的适当形式填空。1.It’stimewe_________(更新)oursoftwareorwewillbeintrouble.2.Acarisveryh_________forpeoplewholivesomelittledistancefromtown.3.Shewasinad_________astowhethertomarryPaulorCharles.4.Wehaveworkedoutanewsetof____________(程序)forusingthismachine.5.Ihavebeen_______________(通信)withseveralexpertsinthefield.updatedhandydilemmaprocedurescorresponding6.Thestudentsweres_________upintothreegroupstodiscussthequestion.7.HadnotTomdivedintotherivertor_________him,theboywouldhavedrowned.8.Itwasimpossibletopredicttheo_________oftheelection.9.Weshouldw__________withourdifficultiesratherthangiveup.10.Mostgraduatesnowadaysprefertofindap____________jobratherthanatemporaryone.splitrescueoutcomewrestlepermanent二、词形辨别选择适当的词填空并翻译成汉语。1.Weightmeans________innon-technicallanguage.(A.massB.mess)2.It’snousecryingover_______milk.(A.spiltB.split)3.Thisdictionaryisavailablein________form.(A.electricB.electricalC.electronic)4._______ZhouEnlaiwillliveinourheartsforever.(A.PremiereB.Premier)AACB5.Wewerefriendsand________formorethan20years.(A.collegesB.colleagues)6.Thebacteriawereexaminedundera________.(A.microscopeB.telescope)7.__________isanofficialrighttobetheonlypersontomake,useorsellaproduct.(A.PatentB.Parent)8.Youcannotenteramilitarybasewithouta_______.(A.permissionB.permit)BAAB三、词类转换用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Theflightwasdelayedowingto___________reasons.(technique)2.IfIhaveabicyclemadeof__________steel,itwillnevergetrust.(stain)3.Her______________ofthemovieisthatitisoutofmyexpectation.(assess)4.MartinLutherKingwentthroughmanyhardshipsinhisnon-violentrequestfor_________fortheblack.(equal)5.The_____________fornewsourcesofenergyisimportantforthefutureofourplanet.(explore)technicalstainlessassessmentequalityexploration6.Thetomatoesquickly_______inhotweather.(ripe)7.Look!Hisshoesare_______andhistoesareoutofthem.(wear)8.ManyfactorshaveinfluencedAmericanpronunciationsincethefirst_______arrivedfourhundredyearsago.(settle)9.Weather____________,we’regoingtothebeachthisweekend.(permit)10.Thismedicineis______________iftakeninlargequantities.(poison)ripenwornsettlerspermittingpoisonous四、词组填空用本单元所学词组的适当形式填空或完成句子。baseon,takeover,giveaway,makeupfor,carryout,figureout,singleout,rangefrom,kickoff,dropoff1.Ican’t______________whyhehasbeenbehavingsostrangelyrecently.2.Thespaceage____________in1957,whenSputnik1waslaunchedbytheSovietUnion.3.Asweknow,teachingisanart__________ascience.4.Nomatterwhatdifficultyyouwillmeetwith,__________yourplan.figureoutkickedoffbasedon carryout5.BusinesspickedupinthestoresduringDecember,but_____________againafterChristmas.6.Thecouplehaveseveralchildrenwhoseages______________threetosixteen.7.Nothingcan_____________whattheyhavesufferedinthewar.8.Iimaginethattobe____________bytheteacherforthespeechisindeedanhonor.9.Hehadnonecessaryexperienceorskillto____________suchahighlysensitiveposition.10.Inanunguardedmoment,he___________hismostimportantsecrets.droppedoffrangefrommakeupforsingledouttakeovergaveaway

五、语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。IlovetalkingaboutthefutureandIamnottheonly1______.Overthecenturies,peoplehavealwayswonderedaboutthefuture.Butforsomepeople,thinkingaboutthefutureisnotjust2______fun.Theyplanthefutureoftheworldforaliving.Thefutureisnowbigbusinessandmanypeoplewillattendtheseminarwithdreamsofstartingnewenterprises3______(base)onthepredictions4__________theywillhear.Iclickedintothewebsitesofafewfuturologistsandhere’s5______they’repredicting.Bytheyear2015,theclothingindustrywillhaveproducednewtypesofmaterialthatwillr