SRS安全气囊外文翻译

附录SRSAirbagAirbagareknownasSupplementalRestraintSystem（SRS）andhasbecomemorecommoninmoderncars.Thebagitselfismadeofathin,nylonfabric,whichisfoldedintothesteeringwheelordashboardor,morerecently,theseatordoor.Ifairbagsarefitted,thesteeringwheelcoveranddashboardcoverwillusuallyhavethewords"airbag"or"SRSairbag"stampedintothem.Thesensorsdetectimpactandsignaltheairbagtoinflate.Atleasttwosensorsmustbeactivatedfortheairbagtoinflate.Thereareusuallyfivesensors:twoattheradiatorsupport,oneattheright-handfenderapron,oneattheleft-handfenderapron,andoneatthecowlinthepassagecompartment(Afewsystemuseonlysensors—oneinfrontoftheradiatorandantherinthepassengercompartment).Thereisaninterlockbetweenthesensors,sothattwoormoremustworktogethertotriggerthesystem.Theairbagsystemsaredesignedtodeployincaseoffrontalcollisionsonly.TheSRSairbaginflatorcontainsasolidchemicalgasgenerator.ThesolidchemicalsaresafelystoredinametalchamberinsidetheSRSairbagmodule.Eachinflatorissealedtokeepoutmoisture.SRSairbagaredesignedtodeployinmoderatetomajorcrashesonlyandshouldnotdeployinminorcrashes.ThefollowingfourstepsshowhowtheSRSairbagworks:Inanimpact,sensorsinthecardetectthesuddendeceleration.Ifthecrashidsevereenough,electricityflowstotheinflatorandcausesignitionofthegasgenerator.Thegasgeneratorthenrapidlyburnsinthemetalchamber.Therapidburningproducesinertgasesandamountsofdust.Theinsertgasesanddustarecooledandfilteredduringinflationoftheairbag.Theinflatingairbagsplitsopenthetrimcover.Theairbagthenrapidlyunfoldsandinflatesinfrontoftheoccupant.Afterinflation,thegasisventedthroughopeningsoropenweaveareasintheairbag.Thesestepstakeplaceinafractionofasecond.Airbagsdeflateinunderasecondandmaybepushedasideforoccupantstoexit.SeeFig.10-1Thereisageneralmisconceptionthatairbagsprovideasoftcushionandwillpreventbruisingorotherminorinjuriesinlowseveritycrashes—thisisincorrect.SRSairbagsaredesignedtoreducepeakloadsontheheadchestinseverecrashes(thosewheredeathorlongtermbraininjuryarepossible).Whendeploying,theairbagisfirm,butitabsorbsenergyasthegasesarereleasedthroughthevents.Whileairbagssignificantlyreducetheriskofseriousorfatalinjuryincrashes,therearesomerisksfromthedevelopmentofairbagsinlowspeedcrashes.Forthisreasonmoderncarsusearangeofintelligentsensingfunctionstoensurethatacrashisreallyhappening(notjustabumpintheroadoraminorknockinthecarpark)andtofireairbagsatthebesttime.Thisreducesthelikelihoodofairbagsdeployinginminorcrashes.ThenewSRSairbagsystemusesaword-firstdualinflator,two-stagedeploymentsystemforfrontpassengers.Thesystemhastwoseparateinflatorsthatcanbeactivatedseparatelyortogether,dependingonthevehiclespeedandotherfactors,suchaswhetherthepassengeriswearingaseatbelt.Inrelativelylow-speedimpacts,theinflatorsareactivatedoneaftertheotherforslowerinflation.Athigherspeeds,bothinflatorsareactivatedsimultaneouslyforquick,effectiveprotection.Thesystemdetectsifseatbeltsarebeingworn,adjustingtheairbaginflationthresholdspeedformaximumeffectsandminimumrisk.ThisSRSairbagalsocontrolstheseatbeltpretensioners,switchingthemoffinlow-speedaccidentstopreventunnecessaryrisktovulnerablepassengers,suchastheelderly.Apassenger-sensingdevicecontrolsideairbagdevelopmenttopreventpotentialinjuriesfromthesefast-activatingsystems.Sixsensorsarebuiltintothefrontpassengerseat.Onedetectsthesizeofthepassenger,andanotherdetermineswhetherthepassenger’sheadisinthedevelopmentpathoftheairbag.Ifthesensorsdetectachildasleepwithhis/herheadlearningtooneside,thesideairbagisdeactivatedtopreventheadorneckinjuriesfromairbagdeployment.ForevensaferSRSairbagcontrol,asophisticatedthree-pointsensingdevicehasbeendevelopedtodeterminethestrength,directionandtypeofimpact.Thesystemhasacentralsensorandtwosatellitesensorsoneachsideofthevehicle.Thissystemisparticularlysuitedtodistinguishingbetweentheimpactofatirehittingakerbandastrongimpact.Ittriggersonlytheappropriateairbagorairbags.Inthefuture,wewillfurtherexpandthenumberofvehiclesequippedwith6airbagsbyaddingsideairbagsthatprotectthearmandchestareasandcurtainairbagsthatprotecttheheadareainsideimpacts.SeeFig.10-2Fig.10-2Six-airbagposition1/4Curtainairbagsystem2/5Sideairbagsystem3Passengerairbagsystem6DriverairbagsystemSRS安全气囊

安全气囊被称为辅助约束系统，现代的汽车已成为较为普遍使用。这个包本身是由一个薄和尼龙布做成，折叠于方向盘或仪表板，或者更近，还有座椅或车门之间。如果装有安全气囊，方向盘套和仪表板盖将通常会包含单词”安全气囊"或”SRS气囊”加盖到他们。

该传感器检测信号的影响下，安全气囊充气。至少有两个传感器必须被激活，安全气囊才会充气。通常有五个传感器：两个散热器下，一个在右侧挡泥板围裙，一个在左边的挡泥板围裙，同时在车厢通道罩（少数系统只使用两个传感器——一个在散热器的前面和另一个在乘客室里面）。传感器之间有一个联锁，使两个或两个以上必须共同作用下才会触发系统。安全气囊系统的设计只部署在正面碰撞情况。

在SRS安全气囊充气机包含了坚实的化学气体发生器。固体化学品的安全储存在SRS安全气囊模块金属腔里面。每个充气都是密封的，防止有水分进入。SRS安全气囊为了只部署在中度至大崩溃，而不应部署在轻微的崩溃。

以下四个步骤说明如何在SRS安全气囊工作原理：

1。在碰撞，在汽车传感器检测突然减速。如果崩溃ID严重不足，电力流向，造成充气的气体发生器点火。

2。气体发生器然后迅速在金属腔燃烧，快速燃烧产生的惰性气体和粉尘量。充入的气体和尘埃在安全气囊的膨胀过程中冷却和筛选。

3。安全气囊的膨胀裂开的装饰盖。安全气囊然后迅速展开，并在乘客面前膨胀。4。膨胀后，气体通过通风口或在安全气囊打开编织领域排出。采取这些步骤要在几分之一秒内。安全气囊放气在一秒钟之内就应该被推开，乘客就逃出来。如图10-1（安全气囊是如何工作的）注：Crashsensor碰撞传感器；Inflator气体发生器；Airbag安全气囊；Nitrogergas氮气

有一个普遍的误解，安全气囊提供软垫，和将防止伤痕或其他低严重车祸中的受轻伤，这是不正确。SRS安全气囊为了减少对严重崩溃中的头胸的峰值负载（这些死亡或长期在脑损伤有可能）。当部署，安全气囊是坚固的，但它吸收能量的气体通过通风口释放。

虽然安全气囊在撞车显着减少严重或致命伤害的危险，还有来自于低速碰撞安全气囊的发展中的一些风险。由于这个原因，现代汽车使用的智能感应功能的范围，以确保真正发生崩溃（不只是在路上颠簸或在停车场小碰撞），并在寻找