Reading (II) 【基础梳理+随堂演练】 高一英语精讲课件（译林版2020必修第二册）

B2U2ReadingLanguagePointsReviewoftextBenefitsofexerciseRegularexercisedoeswondersforthebodyandmind.Regularexerciseisbeneficialtoourphysicalandmentalhealth.Workingoutregularlybenefitsusbothphysicallyandmentally.Physicalbenefits___________________ofyourheartandlungs(增强心肺功能)___________yourimmunesystem/havebetterimmunesystem/stronger______________（增强免疫系统/有更强的免疫力）beatlowerriskofdiseases/helpyou_________illnesses（抵抗疾病）increase/improve________________(增强肌肉力量)increasetheefficiencystrengthenimmunitymusclestrengthfightoffencourage__________________(促进骨骼发育)help_______yourmuscles/improve__________/improveyourbody’s______ofmovement(有助于舒展肌肉/提高灵活度/增大肢体活动幅度)burnenergy,makeyoufeeltiredand_____________atnight（睡眠更好）

________yourenergy(使你精力充沛)bonedevelopmentstretchflexibilityrangekeepupsleepbetter/haveasoundersleepMentalbenefitsreducestressgetovernegativefeelingsimprovecertainbrainfunctions/helpyouconcentrateexerciseyourwaytobetterperformanceatschool减轻压力克服负面情绪改善某些大脑功能/帮助你集中精神通过锻炼提高学习成绩品句猜词

请预读下列课文原句，并猜测句中加颜色词汇的意思。1.Mostpeopleassumethatregularexercisedoeswondersforthebodyandmind—butwhatexactlyareitshealthbenefits?

________2.Ithasalsobeenproventhatactivepeopletendtohavebetterimmunesystemsandareatlowerriskofdiseases.

________假定，认为创造奇迹往往会，趋向免疫系统3.Flexibilitytraining，includinggymnasticsandtaichi，helpsstretchyourmusclesandimproveyourbody’srangeofmovement.

__________4.Aboveall，chooseactivitiesyouenjoybecause，inthisway，you’remorelikelytostickwiththem.

____5.Topreventsofttissueinjury，makesurethatyouwearproperclothesandequipmentwhenexercising.

__________返回体操太极拳坚持阻止配备，装备伤害，损伤伸展，舒展Words&PhrasesAbeginner’sguidetoexerciseYouwanttostartdoingexercise?Congratulations!Youhavejusttakenyourfirststeptowardsanewandimprovedyou!UnderstandingthebenefitsofexerciseMostpeopleassumethatregularexercisedoeswondersforthebodyandmind—butwhatexactlyareitshealthbenefits?Tostartwith,physicalactivityincreasestheefficiencyofyourheartandlungs.Duringexercise,yourheartandlungsmustworkharder.Thisextraeffortmakesthemgrowstrongeroverthelongterm.Ithasalsobeenproventhatactivepeopletendtohavebetterimmunesystemsandareatlowerriskofdiseases.Moreover,exerciseisgoodforyourmentalhealth.Workingoutcanhelpyoureducestressandgetovernegativefeelings.Somestudiesevenshowthatexerciseimprovescertainbrainfunctions,meaningyoucouldactuallyexerciseyourwaytobetterperformanceatschool!betterefficientovercome1.Congratulations!(line1)congratulationn.

amessagecongratulatingsb.incongratulationof…congratulations通常用复数表祝贺congratulate

v.tosaysomethingtosomeonethatexpressespraise祝贺，称赞congratulatesb./sth.onsth.congratulate

V.S.celebrate(1)congratulate意为“祝贺”,是用语言表达祝贺之意，其宾语是人；若要表明所祝贺的事情，后面用介词on连接，即congratulatesb.onsth.。(2)celebrate意为“庆祝，庆贺”，指举行盛大、隆重的仪式来庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或事件。常用表示节日、胜利、成功等，构成celebratesth.He

has

received

many

letters______

congratulation

of

his

birthday.Let’sgoandcongratulatehimon_________________(admit)toTsinghuaUniversity.Iamwritingtoofferyoumy______________(congratulate)onyoursuccess.Congratulateyou___havingreceived8offersfromtheIvyLeagueuniversities.congratulationsonbeingadmittedin2.Mostpeopleassumethat…(line4)v.tothinkoracceptthatsthistruebutwithouthavingproofofit假定，假设，认为v.totakeorbegintohavepowerorresponsibility承担（责任），取得（全力）v.tobegintohaveaparticularqualityorappearance呈现Itisgenerallyassumedthat…普遍认为……Assumingthat…假如/如果……assumptionn.ontheassumptionthat... 假定……makeanassumption 作出臆断Hisactionswerebasedonafalse____________(assume)._________(assume)he’sstillalive,howoldwouldhebenow?Itisreasonable____________(assume)thattheeconomywillcontinuetoimprove.Itisgenerallyassumedthatexercisecancontribute__________asoundsleep.一句多译：据我所知，很多人认为他能独自完成这个任务。①(assume)AsfarasIknow,manypeopleassumedthathecouldcompletethetaskalone.②(assumption)AsfarasIknow,manypeoplemadeanassumptionthathecouldcompletethetaskalone.Assumingtoassumeassumptionto3wondern.

奇迹；

惊讶

v.怀疑；想知道；对……感到惊奇Nowonder...(＝It’snowonder...)难怪……；……不足为奇work/dowonders创造奇迹inwonder惊讶地It’sawonderthat...令人惊讶的是……wonderat/about对……感到惊讶wonderful

adj.奇妙的；极好的；意想不到的试试这种药。它对治疗你的咳嗽会有奇效。Trythismedicine.It’ll_____________yourcough.

那个男孩惊奇地看着那个陌生人。Theboylookedatthestranger_________.

你在这么吵闹的环境里都能睡着真是个奇迹。___________________youcanfallasleepinsuchanoisyenvironment.

dowondersforinwonderIt’sawonderthat4.Thisextraeffortmakesthem…overthelongterm.(line7)over/inthelong/shortterm从长远/短期来看intermsof…/in…terms就……而言beongoodtermswith…与……关系好Ourproductsarecompetitive_________termsofthegoodquality.Terryis__________friendlytermswithSusie.译：Inpracticalterms,theplanisunrealisticanddifficulttocarryout.onin从实际的角度来看，这项计划不现实,而且难以执行5.…tendto

havebetterimmunesystems...(line8)vi.往往会，倾向于v.护理，照料，照看tendtodosth往往做…tend(to)

sb.照料…n.tendencyhaveatendencytodosth. 喜欢做某事；倾向于做某事Thetortoisetendtolive_________(long)thanhumankind.WhenIamtired,Itend_____________(make)mistakes.Ihavea____________(tend)totalktoomuchwhenIamnervous.WhileIhatetoadmitit,peoplealwaystend_______(judge)apersonbytheappearanceinitially.

tomaketendencylongertojudge6.Moreover,exerciseisgood...(line9)plusinadditionadditionallywhat’smorebesidesfurthermorePlanningyourexerciseroutineWhenyouplananexerciseroutine,thefirstthingtoconsideriswhatyouexpecttoimprove:heartandlungefficiency,musclestrengthorflexibility.Aerobicactivities,likejogging,swimmingandskiing,developyourheartandlungs.Strengthtraining,suchaspull-upsandweightlifting,increasesmusclestrengthandencouragesbonedevelopment.Flexibilitytraining,includinggymnasticsandtaichi,helpsstretchyourmusclesandimproveyourbody’srangeofmovement.Thesetypesofexerciseallplayaroleinahealthyroutine.Aboveall,chooseactivitiesyouenjoybecause,inthisway,you’remorelikelytostickwiththem.flexiblepromote7.Whenyouplananexerciseroutine,

routinen.“theusualorderinwhichyou

dothings,orthethingsyouregularlydo”

常规，惯例

breaktheroutine打破常规

buildaroutine建立常规

changearoutine改变常规

followthe(old)rountine墨守成规

performtheroutine履行常规

asamatterofroutine定期；例行公事8......improveyourbody’srangeofmovement.(1)arangeof 一系列beyond/outofone’srange 超出某人的范围within(one’s)rangeof 在可及的范围内(2)rangefromAtoB/betweenAandB

从A到B变动n.种类；范围v.排列；(在一定范围内)变化，变动Nowtheshipis______rangeoftheradar.Thepriceofthevillais_________________________，sohehasdecidedtogiveupbuyingit.Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife，__________(range)fromtortoisetoelephants.Thecityisverypleasanttoliveinforthetemperaturehereranges_____15℃to28℃.beyond/outofhisrangerangingfromwithin9.Thesetypesofexerciseallplayarolein...(line21)playakey/vital/crucial/critical/constructiverolein(doing)sth

发挥关键的/至关重要的/建设性的作用翻译：The

media

play

a

major

role

in

influencing

people's

opinions.媒体在影响舆论方面发挥着重要作用。The

government

is

encouraging

all

parties

to

play

a

constructive

role

in

the

reform

process.政府鼓励所有的政党在改革过程中发挥建设性的作用。10....morelikelytostickwiththem.(line23)Ifyou

stickwith

something,youdonotchangetosomethingelse.坚持做……(sticktosth)

v.stick-stuck-stuckbe/getstuckwith/in…

摆脱不了……/陷入……的困境中Tompromisedtohelpusand________(stick)tohisword.Iusedglue__________(stick)thebrokenpiecestogether.(粘贴)Thenurse________(stick)theneedleintohisarm.(插入，刺)Theboyscollecteddry________(stick)tostartafire.(枝条，木棍)stuck

tostickstucksticksstickout伸出；探出；醒目，显眼stickto坚持，信守(to为介词)stickby忠于；遵守；继续坚持stickupfor支持；维护be/getstuckin陷入；困在……中Iamstuck______atrafficjamandIcan'tgetthereontime.Whenyouareconfusedaboutwhattodo,stick______theinstructions.Weshouldstick__ourdreamsuntiltheycanberealized.Ifyou’reinajobthatkeepsyoubusy,stick____it.Ifyouhappento________(stick)inbigfiresorheavysmoke,runawayimmediately.

withtowithbestuckinEatinganddrinkingrightLikecarsthatrunonpetrol,yourbodyburnscarbohydratesforenergy.Foodslikenoodles,rice,fruitandvegetablesgiveyourbodyplentyofcarbohydratestokeepupyourenergyduringalongworkout.Tohelpyourmusclesrecoverandrepairthemselvesafterexercise,youneedtoeatfoodsrichinprotein,suchasfish,eggsandmilkproducts.Whentoeatisalsoofgreatimportance.Ingeneral,youshouldhaveyourmealanaverageof1.5to2.5hoursbeforeexercising.Donoteatimmediatelyafterexercise;instead,waitatleast30minutesafteratypicalroutine,orasmuchasanhourafterahardworkout.Remembertodrinkthroughoutexercisetomakeupforwaterlosttosweat.analogy(1)fullofenergy 充满活力withenergy 精神抖擞地,精力充沛地(2)energetic adj.精力充沛的,充满活力的11....burnscarbohydratesforenergy.It’sveryimportanttogetmoderateexerciseifyouwanttobe________(energy)duringtheday.Louieisoutgoingandhejoinsineveryactivity____energy.________(spend)toomuchtimeandenergyongames

isharmfultoourhealth.

energeticwithSpending选择句中average的汉语意思Alexwasanaveragestudent,buthisgradeisabovetheaverage.A.普通的

B.典型的

C.平均的adj.平均的；典型的n.平均水平，一般水准v.平均为；算出……的平均数12.....mealanaverageof1.5to2.5hoursbeforeexercising.anaverageof(后跟数词)平均有……theaverageof...……的平均数uptotheaverage达到平均水平on(an/the)average平均；一般地above/below(the)average在平均水平以上/以下1.他学习刻苦且富有创造力，所以他的成绩在班里高于平均水平。Heishard-workingandcreative，sohisgradeis_____________________inhisclass.2.________________________，mensmokemorecigarettesthanwomen.3.Ittakes___averageoftenweeksforahousesaletobecompleted.4.Foreverysquaremeteryouwalk,___averageyou’llfind672piecesoftrash.汤姆所有考试的分数都高于平均分。Tom’smarkshavebeen

inallthetests.

above(the)averageOn(the/an)averageanonaboveaverage补偿,弥补13.......exercisetomakeupforwaterlosttosweat.她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。Onceshe___________________________,nothingcanchangeit.Themedicalteam____________________twelvedoctors.Wedon‘tlikehimbecausehelikes_______________________(编造借口)wheneverhemakesmistakes.Carolinedoesn'thaveagiftformusic,butshe_______________(弥补)itwithhardwork.hasmadeuphermindwasmadeupofmakingupexcusesmakesupforPeoplegathertowatchtheparticipatorssparenoefforttomake___thefinishingline.Tomakeup___thelostchance,I’dinviteyoutocometoChinaforatour.Youshouldbeconfidentandbelieveinyourself.Ithinkyoucanmake__.ThreeEnglishteachersinvitedtoworkasjudgesmake___thejury(评审团)forthiscompetition.forforitupmakeup 构成;组成;编造;化妆;补上makefor

走向,前往;致使makeit

成功,准时到达bemadeupof...

构成;组成

makeupone’smind 下决心14....tomakeupforwaterlosttosweat.(line35)n.dropsofliquidthatappearonthesurfaceofyourskinwhenyouarehot,ill/sickorafraid汗水n.[U]

hardworkoreffort繁重的工作；艰苦努力duceliquidonskin/surfacev.

workhard辛苦地做……(sweatoversth)sweatheavily汗流浃背be/getinasweat（为某事）担心，焦虑，害怕

Nosweat,nosweet.不劳则无获。sweats运动服(asweatsuitorsweatpants)sweatyadj.满是汗的，汗湿的Hefeltallhotand_______(sweat).Hewassweating_________(heavy)withinfiveminutes.

Areyoustillsweating________thereport?Idon’tknowwhyIalwayswakeup______asweat.I________(hang)aroundthehouseallthedayinmy_________(sweat)overheavilysweatyinhungsweatsAvoidinjuryTopreventsofttissueinjury,makesurethatyouwearproperclothesandequipmentwhenexercising.Youshouldalsostartsmallandslowlyworkyourwaytoalongerandharderexerciseroutinetoavoidgettinghurt.Finally,remembertowarmupbeforeexercisingandstretchattheendofyourworkout.So,nowyouknowthebenefitsofexerciseandhowtodoitsafelyandeffectively.Whatareyouwaitingfor?15.avoidavoid(doing)sth.避免（做）某事avoidableadj.可避免的【注意】avoid后面只能跟v.-ing形式作宾语，不能跟

不定式作宾语。常见直接跟动词­-ing作宾语的词或词组口诀：避免错过少延期

avoid,miss,delay/putoff建议完成多练习

suggest/recommend,finish,practise喜欢想像禁不住

enjoy,imagine,resist,can’thelp承认否定还考虑

admit,deny,consider逃避冒险不介意

escape,excuse,risk,mind期待成功更值得

lookforwardto,succeedin,beworth16.Avoidinginjury(1)dosb.aninjury/doaninjurytosb. 伤害某人(2)injure vt. 损伤；伤害(3)injured adj. 受伤的

be/getinjured

受伤

theinjured 伤者Iheardthatherson_____________(injure)whiletakinganadventureinthesummercamp.The__________(injure)weresenttothenearesthospitalatonce.He’sbeenhitbyaseriesof

sincehejoinedtheteam.Theropeknockedhimover,leavinghisrightleg

.wasinjuredinjuredn.损伤；伤害injuriesinjuredinjure指人在意外事故中受到的伤害，可用于无生命物体的损坏，更多用于对人的某个部位的损伤。wound利器或子弹对肉体造成的伤害，是出血的、严重的伤，特指战场上的受伤。hurt多用来表示伤害身体或某一部位，尤指精神上或感情上的伤害。此外hurt也可用作不及物动词，意为“受伤”。harm主要指有生命的东西“受伤”，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指心理、健康、权利或事业上的伤害，程度较轻。Luckily，noonegot_____________inthebattle.Youreally_________mewhenyousaidIwasselfish.Inthetrafficaccident，tenwerekilledandeightwere__________.Alldogsarecapableof___________humanbeings.woundedhurtinjuredharming辨析：用injure,wound,hurt,harm的适当形式填空。①Smokingseriously_______hishealth.②Ifapersongets_______,heneedsmedicalcarebeforeadoctorcanbecalledin.③Hiswords____myfeelings.④Thebullet________himintheshoulder.harmedinjuredhurtwoundedv.阻止，阻碍，阻挡17.Topreventsofttissueinjury，…(1)prevent/stop+宾语+(from)doing阻止……做keep+宾语+fromdoing 阻止……做ban+宾语+fromdoing 禁止……做protect+宾语+from/againstdoing使……免受(2)prevention

n.阻止,预防Noonecanpreventthisplan________________(carry)out.Lynn’sparentstriedtokeepherfrom__________(see)him.Theywerestoppedfrom____________(enter)theburningbuilding.Soldiershavebeensenttoprotectthecrew_________________attack.beingcarriedseeing在主动语态中prevent与stop后面的from可省略;被动语态里from均不可以省去。enteringagainst/fromIt’shardtopreventteenagers___________(use)theInternetforrecreation.

Therefore,it’shightimewetookmeasurestopreventwater___________________(pollute).

__________(prevent)iskey,scientistssay.我真诚希望采取措施阻止这类事故再次发生。Isincerelyhopepropermeasuresshouldbetakentopreventsuchanaccident(from)happeningagain.(from)using(from)beingpollutedPreventionn.配备，装备；设备18.…youwearproperclothesandequipmentwhenexercising.(1)通常用作不可数名词，“一件设备”应表达为“apieceofequipment”。(2)equip v.配备；装备equip...with... 给……配备…… beequippedwith 配备有……equipsb.for... 使某人为……而有准备/有能力equipsb.todosth. 让某人具备做某事的能力Theequipmentofthephotographicstudio_______(be)expensiveatthattimeandsomanypeoplehadtorent.Theboysequippedthemselves________foodanddrinksandthensetoffforthesummercamp.Wemustequipadvancedmethods___________(deal)withthisissue.Thecourseisdesignedtoequipstudents______acareerinnursing.Don’tworrybecausethistower

____________(equip)withfullfreshairsystem.

waswithtodealforisequippedSentencelearning1.Ithasalsobeenproventhatactivepeopletendtohavebetterimmunesystemsandareatlowerriskofdiseases.[句式分析]本句为复合句。主句是

，使用了现在完成时的

，It是

，真正的主语是that引导的从句thatactivepeopletendtohavebetterimmunesystemsandareatlowerriskofdisease。tendtodosth.意为“

”；atriskof(doing)sth.意为_______

。[自主翻译]

____________________________________________________________________Ithasalsobeenproven形式主语倾向于做某事有潜在风险，冒……之危险

活跃的人往往有更好的免疫系统，患病的风险更低，这一点也已经被证明。被动语态2.Whenyouplananexerciseroutine，thefirstthingtoconsideriswhatyouexpecttoimprove：heartandlungefficiency，musclestrengthorflexibility.[句式分析]本句为复合句。When引导

从句；在主句主语thefirstthingtoconsider中，toconsider是动词不定式作thefirstthing的

；whatyouexpecttoimprove是

从句，what在表语从句中作动词improve的

。[自主翻译]

__________________________________________________________________________________________时间状语后置定语表语宾语

当你计划你的日常锻炼时，首先要考虑的是你期望改善什么，是心肺功能、肌肉力量，还是柔韧性。3.Whentoeatisalsoofgreatimportance.[句式分析]本句主语使用了

结构；整个句子应用了句式“主语＋be＋of＋n.”结构，可以转换为“主语＋be＋adj.”结构，所以本句等于Whentoeatisalsoveryimportant.[自主翻译]

__________________________________“疑问词＋todo”(运动后)什么时候进食也非常重要。4.Topreventsofttissueinjury，makesurethatyouwearproperclothesandequipmentwhenexercising.[句式分析]本句为主从复合句。主句是祈使句，thatyouwear...whenexercising为

从句；whenexercising为状语从句whenyouareexercising的省略。动词不定式短语Topreventinjury作

。[自主翻译]

________________________________________________________________________宾语目的状语

为了防止软组织受伤，当你进行锻炼时，要确保穿合适的衣服、佩戴合适的装备。思考：when后面省略了什么?省略了youare。当时间、条件、让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句的谓语动词中有be动词，可以将从句中的主语和be动词省略。常见的连词有when/if/unless/although类似的结构：ifpossible/necessary(省略it+be)Theflowerswilldieunless________(water)everyday.When_________(cross)theroad,youcan’tbetoocareful.Although_________(do)hisbestinmathsthesedays,hehasstillgotnogoodmarks.wateredcrossingdoingExerciseFinishtheexerciseB1onP19.Answers:1.assume 2.tendto 3.jogging4.tomakeupfor 5.overthelongtime6.average 7.prevent 8.Moreover1.她一紧张就有讲话快的倾向。She________________talkfastwhenshewasnervous.2.沿着街走时，我听见有人叫我的名字。____________________

alongthestreet,Iheardmynamecalled.3..据报道,两国之间的谈判取得了很大进展。____________________

thatnegotiationsbetweenthetwocountriesaremakinggreatprogress.4.祝贺你获奖。我知道你能打败他们。____________________yourwinningtheaward.Iknewyoucoulddefeatthem.5.一项针对1万多人的调查发现，35%的人平均每天睡眠不足7小时。Asurveyofover10,000peoplefound35percentsleptlessthansevenhoursdaily____________.6.由于燃料不足,那个地区很多小厂都关闭了。Manysmallplantsinthatareaclosedown_______________fuel.ExercisehadatendencytoWhilewalkingItisreportedCongratulationsononaverageforlackof1．Thetheatreisopendaily_______(贯穿，自始至终)theyear.2．Onmyfriend’sweddingceremonyIsenthimmyc_______.3．Eatingahealthydietanddoingexercisewillp_______youfromputtingonweight.4．Adiet_______(缺乏)innutritionalvaluewillnotkeepapersonhealthy.5．Whenyoufollowtheplanstrictlyandmakeita_______(常规，惯例)，you’llachieveasenseofsuccessdaybyday.6．Wemust_______(假定，假设)himtobeinnocentuntilheisprovedguilty.7．_______(此外)，wemustmaintainenoughsleeptomakeusfullofenergy.8．Neverforceyourlegstooverstretch，oryoucancause

i_______.9．Thereisnoconsensusonhowmuchvitaminwouldbeneededfordisease_______(预防)．10．Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicale_______，allowingmorepatientstobetreated.throughoutcongratulationspreventlackingroutineassumeMoreoverpreventioninjuryequipmentExercise1.Trytounderstandwhat'sactuallyhappeninginsteadofactingonthe_______________(assume)you’vemade.2.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamily___________________(congratulate)thepersononthenewhome.3.WorkingwithNaomidid____________(wonder)forSteve.4.Somepeopletend_____________(look)downupondisabledpeopleand