呼啸山庄课件

WutheringHeights

------natureversuscivilizationContent1.Ecologicalesthetics2.Natureversuscivilization3.SomeaspirationsEcologicalaesthetics生态美学Insomeclassicalliterature,thenatureisabsent,oristhebackgroundtoserveasafoilofthemaincharactersortheobjectforthemantoovercome,whichisinanegativecondition.Ecological

criticism(生态批评)istocriticizethepeople’sblindtonatureandwantondestructionsoastoarousetheirawarenesstounderstandandrespectthenature.Theythinkthenatureisanindependentexistence,andispeople’sspiritualsanctuaryandhearthabitat,vital,majesticandvarious.EcologicalaestheticsEcologicalestheticsemergesinthetransitionfromindustrialcivilizationtoecologicalcivilization.Coreidea:thecoordinationof“Human-Nature-Society”,opposetheideathatthenatureisofnovalue.ThenaturedescriptionintheWutheringHeights

细读《呼啸山庄》，我们发现，自然在这部小说中并不缺席，而且无处不在。艾米莉笔下的大自然既温柔又狂野，既友善又冷峻，既多情又冷酷。春季，我们可以看到那竞相开放的金黄色的报春花，嗅到那“温馨宜人的果树中飘来的一股股紫罗兰和桂竹香的芬芳”,听到百灵鸟那婉转美妙的歌声，看到远方蔚蓝色的天空和身旁涨满水的小溪，感觉到温暖怡人的阳光；冬季，我们可以听到那怒吼的狂风，感觉到刺骨的寒气，看到沸沸扬扬的鹅毛大雪。Natureversuscivilization

(自然与文明)

自然：可以理解为一种人类原始人性的美好状态，一如亘古存在的真正的大自然，人类生活顺应自然和自己的本性，人性与自然有着纯粹的共鸣。文明：可以狭义地理解为自从第一次工业革命以后的人类进程的状态，也可以广义地理解为国家的诞生，即人类社会产生了阶级分化。这时候的人类社会以及人类本身，受到了外在环境太多的影响，很多时候迷失了自己的本性，变得异化。而自然不会随着文明的出现和进步消失，自然会一直存在。所以两者就有了不断的冲突和妥协、对抗和缓和。这种矛盾的状态是因为人类进步的本质决定的，但是在一次次妥协和缓和背后，更多的是人类牺牲本质利益换取眼前利益的表象。CharacteranalysisInordertounderstandtheconflictbetweennatureandcivilizationinWutheringHeights,wemustfirstanalyzethemaincharacters,representingintheirownwaythenatureandthecivilizedworld.TheEarnshawfamilycomestogetherwithnaturewhentheLintonsareasymbolfortheculture.CatherineSheisbeautifulandcharming,butsheisneverascivilizedasshepretendstobe.InherheartsheisalwaysawildgirlplayingonthemoorswithHeathcliff.Sheregardsitasherrighttobelovedbyall,andhasanunrulytemper.HeathcliffHeisthemosttypicalnatureperson(representthewildandnaturalforces)whoisalienatedbycivilization.BetreatedunfairlybeisolatedHurtbycathyandyearningforuppersociallifeImplementhisrevengeplanstepbystepHishumannaturehasbeensuppressedbyvengeancetemporarilyEdgarLinton

IncontrasttoHeathcliff,isagentlybred,arefinedman,apatienthusbandandalovingfatherEdgar'sinabilitytocounterHeathcliff'svengeance,andhisnaïvebeliefonhisdeathbedinhisdaughter'ssafetyandhappiness,makehimaweak,ifsympathetic,character.

“Whydidyoubetrayyourheart,Cathy?”Attractionoftheuppersociallife(drivenbyhersocialambitions)Theinfluencesecularsocieties(Moneythestatushaveenormouspower)ShehopestoimproveandsublimatehernatureBreakingthenatureandharmoniousstateofnatureTheenvironmentanalysis

Theenvironmentthecharactersliveinisanotherwaytounderstandtheconflictbetweenthenatureandthecivilizationinthewriting.First,wemustnotethatWutheringHeightsisaplaceofwildness,passionandlifewhiletheThrushcrossGrangeisaplaceofconventionandcultureandstandsupforarefinedwayoflife.symbolismTheconstantemphasisonlandscapewithinthetextofWutheringHeightsendowsthesettingwithsymbolicimportance.Thislandscapeiscomprisedprimarilyofmoors:wide,wildexpanses,high,andthusinfertile.Moorlandcannotbecultivated,anditsuniformitymakesnavigationdifficult.Itfeaturesparticularlywaterloggedpatchesinwhichpeoplecouldpotentiallydrown.Thus,themoorsserveverywellassymbolsofthewildthreatposedbynature.TheirchildrenTheyeliminatemisunderstandingandthegulfofculture(消除了文化，环境的隔膜，和谐相爱)哈里顿·恩萧HaretonEarnshaw凯瑟琳·林敦——CatherineLinton埃德加与凯瑟琳之女Realizetheunitycivilizationandnature.(爱克服了一切，实现了野蛮标记的呼啸山庄和文明象征的画眉山庄的统一)自然（nature）——异化（dissimilation

）——回归（regress）Ilingeredroundthem,underthatbenignsky:watchedthemothsflutteringamongtheheathandhare-bells;listenedtothesoftwindbreathingthroughthegrass;andwonderedhowanyonecouldeverimagineunquietslumbersforthesleepersinthatquietearth(我在那温和的天空下面，在这三块墓碑前留连！望着飞蛾在石楠丛和兰铃花中扑飞，听着柔风在草间吹动，我纳闷有谁能想象得出在那平静的土地下面的长眠者竟会有并不平静的睡眠)

Comment:Allthemissinghasgoneby,thepeoplewhoareburiedundertheearthhavegotthefreedom,theylaydownthegrievanceinthephotinia(石楠花)andgettheeternalpeaceintheirhearts.Thedescriptiongiveusendlesshope,thatisourhumanityisgloriousandnatural.Shouldwegetridofthelossanddeviationthatthemoderncivilizationbringsus,ourheartsandmindsremainspeaceful.Someaspirations1.Minglingrelationshipbetweencivilizationandnature2.Returntonature.3.BerationaltowardshumancivilizationSomereferences:1.自然的呼唤——生态视野下的《呼啸山庄》

临沂师范学院外国语学院王海艳