【创新设计】高考英语总复习 218第八章主谓一致（江苏专用）

第八章主谓一致

△主谓一致讲解△一、语法一致主语是单数形式，谓语也用单数；主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数。1．and连接的两个名词作主语，若表示不同的人或物，谓语用复数；若表示同一个人或物，谓语用单数，此时，后一个名词前一般不用冠词。【例1】Breadandbutter________healthfulfood.A．isB．are答案A【例2】Thepoetandwriter________producedmanyworks.A．hasB．have答案A2．and连接的并列主语是单数，且前面有every，each，no，manya等词修饰时，谓语用单数。【例3】Eachboyand(each)girl________beeninvitedtotheparty.A．hasB．have答案A3．both...and连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语一般用复数。【例4】BothTomandMark________myfriends.A．isB．are答案B4．不定代词either，neither，each，one，theother，another，someone，somebody，something，anyone，anybody，anything，everything，everyone，everybody，everything，nobody，noone，nothing等作主语时，谓语常用单数。【例5】Eitherofthetwoways________right.A．isB．are答案A5．主语是“A＋than/with/aswellas/alongwith/togetherwith/like/ratherthan/except/not/but/including/plus/besides/inadditionto＋B”结构时，谓语须与A保持一致。【例6】Janetogetherwithherparents________totheparkeveryday.A．goB．goes答案B5．主语是“A＋than/with/aswellas/alongwith/togetherwith/like/ratherthan/except/not/but/including/plus/besides/inadditionto＋B”结构时，谓语须与A保持一致。【例6】Janetogetherwithherparents________totheparkeveryday.A．goB．goes答案B7．(百)分数作主语时，若(百)分数后面为单数名词，谓语用单数；若(百)分数后面为复数名(代)词，谓语用复数。【例8】Threefourthsofthemembersintheclub________men.A．isB．are答案B8．aquantity/anamountof，quantities/amountsof作主语，谓语一般根据quantity/amount的单复数来定。【例9】Quantitiesofmoney________neededtoequiptheschool.A．isB．are答案B9．“manya＋单数名词”作主语时，尽管意义上为复数，谓语却用单数。【例10】Manyaprofessor________lookingforwardtovisitingGermany.A．isB．are答案A10．“morethanone＋单数名词”作主语时，尽管意义上为复数，谓语却用单数。【例11】Morethanonestudent________beensenttoJapan.A．hasB．have答案A11．therestof，thepartof，themajorityof，mostof，halfof等表部分概念的词作主语，谓语应与of后的名(代)词一致。【例12】Therestofthebooks________onthedeskandtherestofthemoney________inthebag.A．is；areB．are；isC．is；isD．are；are答案B12．“thenumberof＋名词”作主语时，谓语用单数，表示“……的数目”；“anumberof＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语用复数，表示“许多……”。【例13】Thenumberoftheteachers________greatlyincreased.A．isB．are答案A13．不定式、动名词、从句作主语，谓语常用单数。【例14】Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts________causedhearinglossinsometeenagers.(2010·湖南)A．isB．areC．hasD．have答案C14．“a＋单数名词＋ortwo”作主语时，谓语通常用单数；“oneortwo＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语通常用复数。【例15】Astudentortwo________playingontheground.A．isB．are答案A【例16】Oneortwostudents________absentfromclass.A．wasB．were答案B15．“the＋姓氏的复数”(指一家人、夫妻等)作主语，谓语常用复数。【例17】TheSmiths________tochurcheverySunday.A．goB．goes答案A16．each作主语或作主语的定语时，谓语用单数，但each作主语的同位语时，谓语须用复数。【例18】Eachofthestudents________adictionary.A．hasB．have答案A【例19】Thestudentseach________adictionary.A．hasB．have答案B17．“This/That/Thekind/sort/typeof＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语一般用单数；“复数名词＋ofthis/thatkind/sort/type”作主语时，谓语一般用复数。【例20】Questionsofthatkind________difficulttoanswer.A．isB．are答案B18．一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣服、工具等作主语时，谓语常用复数，如：glasses，clothes，trousers，shoes，compasses，chopsticks，scissors等。但这些名词前受“a/thispairof”等修饰时，谓语一般用单数。【例21】Apairofshoes________underthebed.A．isB．are答案A二、意义一致谓语的变化以主语所表达的单、复数概念来定。1．none作主语时，如果指不可数名词，谓语用单数；如果指可数名词，谓语用单复数均可。【例22】Jimmyhasusedupallthemoney.None________left.A．isB．are答案A2．all作主语时，如果指人，谓语一般用复数；如果指情况，谓语一般用单数。【例23】All________presentbesidestheprofessor.A．isB．are答案B3．当“the＋形容词或分词”作主语时，如果表“一类人”，谓语常用复数；如果指一个人或表示抽象概念时，谓语常用单数。【例24】Thewounded________beencarriedtohospitalalready.A．hasB．have答案B【例25】Thebeautiful________notalwaysthesameasthegood.A．isB．are答案A4．表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词作主语，通常看作整体，谓语用单数。【例26】Twohours________alongtimetotakeoveracoffee.A．isB．are答案A5．单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语的形式要依据主语的单复数意义来定。这样的词有：means(方法)，crossroads(十字路口)，aircraft(飞机)，deer(鹿)，sheep(绵羊)，works(工厂)，series(系列)，species(种类)等。【例27】Allpossiblemeans________beentriedtoteachlanguages.A．hasB．have答案B6．有些名词，如：people(人)，cattle(牛)，police(警察)等，形式上是单数，但意义上是复数，谓语用复数。但people表示“民族”，谓语的数取决于people的单复数。【例28】People________thateverypeople________itsspecialwordstodescribethingsandexpressideas.A．believe；use B．believe；usesC．believes；uses D．believes；use答案B7．集合名词，如：audience，army，family，crowd，government，public等作主语时，若把该名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数；若把该名词看作整体里的每个成员，谓语一般用复数。【例29】Myfamily________goingonatripthissummer.A．isB．are答案B8．population作主语时，谓语一般用单数；但其前有(百)分数时，谓语一般用复数。【例30】Onethirdofthepopulation________workershere.A．isB．are答案B9．在“主语＋系动词＋表语”结构中，如果是what从句作主语，其谓语的单复数取决于后面的表语。若表语为单数，谓语一般用单数；若表语为复数，谓语一般用复数。【例31】Whathisfatherlefthim________afewEnglishbooks.A．isB．are答案B10．定语从句的先行词前有oneof修饰时，定语从句的谓语一般用复数；但先行词前有the(only)oneof修饰时，定语从句的谓语则通常用单数。【例32】Heistheonlyoneofstudentswho________lateforclassagain.A．isB．are答案A11．“一个半”(oneandahalf＋复数名词或a＋单数名词＋andahalf)作主语，谓语一般用单数。【例33】Oneandahalfapples________beenleftonthetable.A．hasB．have答案A12．以­ics结尾的学科名词以及表团体、组织、报刊等名称作主语，谓语一般用单数。【例34】TheUnitedNations________aninternationalorganization.A．isB．are答案A【例35】Physics________themotherofsciences.A．isB．are答案A三、就近一致谓语的变化以靠近谓语的主语来定。1．主语由or，either...or，neither...nor，notonly...butalso等连