【广东创新设计】高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 选修8

Unit3Inventorsandinventions漫画欣赏画面描述

Twopeople，fatherandson，aretalkingwitheachother.Theboy，standingontheground，islookingupathisfather，slightlyscared，whilehisfather，seatedonabigChinesecharacter“fu”，meaning“father”，isshoutingathisson.寓意理解

Inoursociety，fatherandsonarenotinequalpositions.Fatherssimplytelltheirsonswhattodoandwhatnottodoratherthanlistenpatiently.Sonshavefewchancestosharetheirownideasoropenuptotheirfathers.Theyoftenlookuptotheirfatherswithrespect，fearingthattheymightnotliveuptotheirfathers’expectations.你能否对此加以扩展，写一篇120词左右的小短文？短文填空根据课文Theproblemofsnakes完成下列短文。

thewritercalleduphermotherinthecountryonthephone，shelearnedthatsnakescameneartheirhouseandthatthesnakesseemed

(make)theirhomeneartheirhouse.Thewriterfeltproudandconsidered

achanceforhertodistinguish

byinventingsomething

wouldcatchsnakesbutnotharmthem.Shesetabout

(research)thehabitsofsnakes.Shedecidedtocoolthemsothattheycouldbe

(easy)caught.However，herfirsttwoplanswerenotsuccessful.Asaresult，shehadtoattempta

time，whichhelpedherfulfillheraimsuccessfully.Shewas

delightedthatshewasdeterminedtosendher

(invent)tothepatentofficetogetrecognitionforhersuccessfulidea.Whentohavemadeitherselfthat/whichresearchingeasilythirdsoinventionⅠ.单词拼写1．Hehasgotatrainticketvfor3months，sohecandecidetogooutatanytime.2．Thecompany’saffairsareinaterriblem.3．Ourproposalfailedtomeetthecestablishedbythegovernment，sotheygaveusnomoney.4．I’llstudyhardtoliveuptomyparents’eofme.5．Thisdressisacheapervoftheonewesawinthatshop.6．Thepolicehavemadea

(发现)ofafactorywhichproducesfalsealcoholatacountryhouse.7．Forsomeunknownreason，themeetingcametoan

(突然的)end.8．They

(声称)thattheyhavefoundacureforthedisease，butthishasnotyetbeenproved.alidessriterionxpectationersioniscoveryabruptclaim9．Inthehardtimes，she________(忍受)thepainwithgreatcourage.10．Canyou

(区别)thedifferentbuildingsatsuchadistance?boredistinguishⅡ.短语填空

1．We________acoffeeshoptoavoidtherain.2．I’msorry，butIhaveto________now.Ihaveatraintocatch.3．Theyhavesentusanotherformto________.4．Planningaprojectisjust_____________workingouttherightordertodothingsin.5．Idialedseveraltimes，butIjustcouldn’t________________.6．Hewasoverlookedwhenthey________choosinganewmanager.7．________atyourpresentjobuntilyoucangetanother.8．Myclockwas___________andwokedmeupat3thismorning.9．Thesmellofthesea________happymemoriesofmyyouth.10．You’dbetterwritethetelephonenumberdown________youforget.divedintoringofffillinamatterofgetthroughsetaboutHangonoutofordercalledupincaseⅢ.完成句子1．Betweentheoutsideandinsidewallsofthebowlthereissomejelly，_______________________________________________(这些果冻冷却后会冻结)．(cool)2．Followitup，exploreallaroundit，and________________(不知不觉中)，youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.(know)3．________________(由于非常稳定)，ithasprovedinvaluableinthedesignofbridges.(stable)whichfreezeshardwhencooledbeforeyouknowitBeingverystable核心词汇梳理1．messn.

杂乱，脏乱

v．无所事事，胡闹Theworkmenclearedupthemessbeforetheyleft.那位工人临走前清理了脏乱的东西。

搭配beinamess乱七八糟getin(into)amess陷入困境makeamessof打乱，(把……)弄得很乱messabout(around)胡闹，胡混messup弄脏，弄乱完成句子(1)____________________(别乱闹了)，comeandhelpus!(2)Thechildren__________________________________(把房间弄得凌乱不堪)．(3)Theroomis____________________(杂乱不堪)．Stopmessingaroundhavemadeamessintheroominamess2．distinguishv.

显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别Thetwinsaresoalikethatnoonecandistinguishonefromtheother.这对孪生儿长得很像，没有人能分辨的出。

搭配distinguishrightfromwrong明辨是非distinguishoneself显扬自己，使自己扬名

链接differfrom(with)sb.(sth.)与某人(某物)不同separate分离，

区分divide把……分成完成句子(1)Elephants____________________(有……特征)theirlongtrunks.(2)Canyou____________________(辨别)thoseobjects?(3)Theyoungofficer____________________(使自己扬名)manytimesinbattle.aredistinguishedbydistinguishbetweendistinguishedhimself3．convenientadj.

方便的；近便的

搭配beconvenientto/forsb.对某人来说方便Isitconvenientto/foryouifIcomeat6p．m.?如果我下午6点来拜访你，方便吗？

搭配itisconvenientforsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事方便

提示convenient不可用“人”作主语。如果表达“如果你方便的

话，在你方便的时候”时，要用if/when/wheneveritisconvenientto/foryou。完成句子(1)在你方便的时候请过来。Comewhenever____________________.(2)如果你方便的话，我下周二去见你。____________________________,IwillbewithyounextTuesday.(3)我明天不方便去看望你。

formetoseeyoutomorrow.(4)我们什么时候见面最方便呢？When____________________forustomeet?itisconvenienttoyouIf(itis)quiteconvenienttoyouItwon’tbeconvenientisitmostconvenient4．claimvt.

要求；认领；声称

搭配claimtodo...声称做某事claimtohavedone声称做过某事claimthat...宣称、声明……n.

要求；索赔；权利；主张

搭配makeaclaimforsth.提出……的要求haveaclaimto/onsth.要求得到……完成句子(1)她声称她是女王的亲戚。She____________________berelatedtothequeen.(2)医生声称已经找到了治疗该疾病的方法。Doctors__________________________acureforthedisease.(3)他声称他未得到公正的申述机会。He____________________hewasnotgivenafairhearing.(4)你提出赔偿损害的要求了吗？Didyou________________________？(5)他们无权索要那块据认为蕴藏有丰富石油的土地。They______________________，whichwasbelievedtoberichinoil.claimstoclaimedtohavediscoveredclaimedthatmakeaclaimfordamageshadnoclaimontheland5．bearvt.

忍受；承受；负起

搭配can’tbeardoing/todo忍受不了做某事

can’tbearsb.doing/todo不能忍受某人做某事；

不能容忍某人做某事

提示bear通常与can，could连用，多用于否定句或疑问句中。

beardoing意为“耐得住……；经得起……”，通常用于否定

句或疑问句，且不可用人作主语。

链接stand忍受，忍耐endure忍受，忍耐tolerate忍受，容忍完成句子(1)阿莉森忍受不了离别之苦，去机场的路上一直在哭。Alison____________________andcriedallthewaytotheairport.(2)他忍受不了人们在他吃饭的时候吸烟。Hecan’tbear____________________whilehe’seating.(3)这种痛苦几乎使他无法忍受。Thepainwasalmostmorethan____________________.(4)我们想都不敢想卖农场的事。Wejustcouldn’t_________________________________.couldn’tbeartoleavepeoplesmokinghecouldbearbearthethoughtofsellingthefarm重点短语例释1．callup召唤；使人想起；调动(力量、人员等)；(给……)打电话观察下列句子，说出callup在句中的意义(1)Thephotographcalledupmemoriesofhischildhood.(2)Hewascalleduprightatthebeginningofthewar.(3)Don’tcallmeupinthemorning.

答案：(1)唤起了(2)征召(3)打电话2．hangon紧握住；坚持下去，继续干；(打电话时)等一等Hangontothestrap；thebusisabouttostart.抓紧皮圈，公共汽车就要开动了。I’mafraidthelineisbusy；wouldyouliketohangon？电话恐怕占线，你能再等一会吗？

拓展hangonto抓住不放，保持持有hangup挂起来getthehangof学会使用；懂得道理

识记hangabout在……荡来荡去holdon坚持下去；(打电话)等一等holdto坚持(说法，看法)(想法，做法)holdup举起，支撑，使停顿用hang的短语填空(1)Thelibraryisn’topen，soIhaveto_____________here.(2)Help!Ican’t________muchlonger!(3)Ifyou________likethisinyourstudy，youwillsucceed，Ithink.(4)I’d___________thatoldvasebecauseitwillbegreatlyvaluable.(5)Timeisup.Ihaveto________thereceivernow.hangabouthangonhangonhangontohangup3.incase以防万一；假使Takeyourumbrellaincaseitrains.拿着雨伞以防下雨。

拓展incaseof后可加名词或代词，意思是“要是……，在……时候”。inthiscase如果这样的话inthatcase如果那样的话inanycase无论如何innocase决不用inanycase，incase，innocase，inthatcase填空(1)____________________(如果那样的话)，Ihavenomoretosay.(2)I’vegotthekey__________(以防)wewanttogoinside.(3)______________(无论如何都不)areyoutoleaveyourpost.(4)______________(不管怎样)Ishallreturninadayortwo.InthatcaseincaseInnocaseInanycase4．diveinto跳水(头朝下)；将手伸入……中；(对问题)全心投入，潜心研究Hedivedinto/inthehistoryofChina.他潜心研究中国历史。

拓展diveinto作“潜心于……”讲时和devoteoneselftosth.的意思一样，但devoteoneselftosth.还有“投身于……把自己奉

献给……”的意思。完成句子He____________________(伸手进入)thebagandbroughtouttworedapples.dived(hishand)into5．setout出发；上路ShesetoutforParisat6andhopedtogettherebeforedark.她6点动身去巴黎，希望天黑前到达。

拓展setouttodosth.开始做某事；着手做某事

辨析setaboutdoingsth.着手做某事getdownto(doing)sth.开始认真做某事

链接setoff动身，出发，引爆

startout动身，出发用上述短语填空(1)I_________toknitasweaterbutintheenditbecameavest.(2)We_____________cleaningthehouse.(3)Let’s___________dealingwiththeseproblemsnow.(4)Columbus______onexploringthedistantregionsoftheearth.setoutsetaboutgetdowntosetout6．ringoff挂断电话(＝hangup)

拓展ringup打电话ringback回电话hold/hangon不挂断电话You’dbetterringoffnow—theboyiscrying.你最好挂断电话，孩子在哭闹。I’llringbackinhalfanhour.半小时内我给你回电话。Jameswillbebackatonce；hangon.别挂断电话，詹姆斯马上回来。7．getthrough设法联系上(通电话)；(设法)做完；通过根据汉语意思完成英语句子(1)这道门可供五个人通过。Thedoorwayisbigenoughforfivepeople_________________.(2)你完成工作后，我们出去吧。Whenyou__________________________，let’sgoout.(3)汤姆考试及格了。____________________intheexamination.(4)我给你打了几次电话，可是没打通。

Irangyouseveraltimes________________________.togetthroughgetthroughwithyourworkTomgotthroughbutcouldn’tgetthrough8．outoforder次序颠倒；发生故障(＝gowrong)Theliftisoutoforder.电梯坏了。9.nowandthen偶尔；有时(＝everynowandthen)Hewenttoseehisgrandmothereverynowandthen.他时而去看看他的祖母。Heactsthefoolnowandthen.他有时候表现出一副傻瓜的样子。疑难语句细解1．Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor.(PP.21～41)

只有你得到这种承认，你才可以说是一个真正的发明家。

句型Onlyafter/when...(主句倒装)只有在……之后，才……根据汉语意思完成英语句子(1)只有抓住今天，才能不丢失明天。Onlywhenyouseizetoday____________________tomorrow.

(2)只有当自由失去时，人们才懂得它的价值。Onlywhenonelosesfreedom_____one____itsvalue.(3)只是在做了几百次实验之后，他们才成功地解决了这一问题。__________theyhadperformedhundredsofexperiments_____theysucceedinsolvingtheproblem.canyounotlosedoesknowOnlyafterdid2．ThenextmorningIgotupearlybeforethesunwashot.

第二天早晨太阳光还不太热，我就起床了。

句型before引导从句时，有时也可译为“趁着还没……”，但before从句中的谓语动词通常是短暂性动词，而while从句

的谓语动词是延续性动词。

提示while引导时间状语从句时，有时可译为“趁着”。Writeitdownbeforeyouforgetit.趁着还没忘，把它写下来吧。Writeitdownwhileitisstillfreshinyourmemory.趁着仍记忆犹新，把它写下来吧。翻译(1)Wemuststrikewhiletheironishot._________________________________________________________(2)Makehaywhilethesunshines.__________________________________________________________(3)Theboyplayedthecomputergameswhilehismotherwasaway.___________________________________________________________我们必须趁热打铁。(谚语)晒干草要趁阳光好。(见机行事，趁热打铁)那孩子趁着妈妈不在家打起了电脑游戏。3．Nowit’samatterofwaitingandhoping.现在就是等待和期盼了。

句型(just/only)amatterof...是很常用的一个短语，意为“(只不过)是个……的问题”。完成句子(1)学习语言只不过是记住一些词汇而已。Learninglanguagesisjust______________________________.(2)这不是简单的你愿意出多少钱的问题。_______________________decidingwhatpriceyouwanttopay.(3)看来，抓住他们只不过是迟早的事。Itappearedtobeonly_______________beforetheywerecaught.amatterofrememberingwordsItisnotsimplyamatterofamatteroftime如果是议论文，则要尽可能客观简要地转述阅读材料的观点。可以采用“主题/论点＋论据”的形式，其主要句型为：论点/主题：Thearticleconveystheidea/discussestheproblem/focusesontheidea/tellsusthefactthat...论据：Forexample...特别要注意文章的首句或首段以及文章的末句和末段，文章有多个段落的，几个段落的中心就是主旨。文中有一分为二的观点的，两种观点都要概括，不要漏掉其中一方的观点。同时注意使用合理的过渡的词语或句型，把概要和发表议论的段落有机地联系起来，使文章连贯和流畅。【写作实例】阅读下列短文，然后以约30个词概括其内容要点。Studentsshouldthinknowaboutwhatextracurricularactivitiestheywouldliketoparticipatein.Participatinginextracurricularactivitiesmayhelpyoudeepenyourphysical，creative，social，political，andcareerinterestsbybringingyouintocommunicationwithotherlike­mindedpeopleyoudidn’tpreviouslyknow.Youcanjoingroupsasawaytogetsupportfromotherstudents.Acluborgroupcanalsobeagreatwaytomeetpeoplewhoaredifferentfromyou.Lotsofyouthprogramsbringpeopletogetherwiththosewhoaredifferentasawaytobreakdownthebarriersbetweenpeople.

Participatinginextracurricularactivitieshelpsyouinotherways，too.Itlooksgoodoncollegeandjobapplicationsandshowsadmissionsofficersandemployersyou’rewell­roundedandresponsible.Specificactivitieshelpwithspecificgoals.Themostbasicreasonforjoiningacluborteamisthatitgivesyousomethingbettertodothanstaringatthewall，wanderingthehall，orsleepingallafternoon.Peoplewhoareparticipatingarelesslikelytopickupbadhabits，likesmokingordrinking.【思路分析】这篇议论文主要论说了参加课外活动的好处，一个段落说到一个好处(mayhelpyoudeepenyourinterests，breakdownthebarriers，helpsyouinotherways，arelesslikelytopickupbadhabits)，在概括时只需把这几个段落的大意用自己的话来转述即可，第一、二段可以用widensocialcircleandimprovecommunicatingskills来表达，第三、四段用preparefortheirfutureandformgoodhabits来概括。再运用定语从句和一些并列连词and，aswellas把信息合并成一个句子。【参考摘要】Thewriterarguesforthestrengthsofextracurricularactivities，whichhelpsstudentsbetterthemselvesinwideningtheirsocialcircleandimprovingcommunicatingskills，makingprepa