灯和灯系统的光生物安全性 EN 62471

灯和灯系统的光生物安全性PhotobiologicalsafetyoflampsandlampsystemsNemkoShanghaiLtd.上海联广认证有限公司IntroductionWavelengthrangeoflightNemkoShanghaiLtd.上海联广认证有限公司IntroductionVisibleradiationAnyopticalradiationcapableofdirectlycausingavisualsensation.Note:Therearenopreciselimitsforthespectralrangeofvisibleradiationsincetheydependupontheamountofradiantpowerreachingtheretinaandtheresponsivityoftheobserver.Thelowerlimitisgenerallytakenbetween360nmand400nmandtheupperlimitbetween760nmand830nm.可见辐射任何具有能够直接引起视觉的光辐射。可见辐射的光谱范围没有精确的界限，因为它取决于到达视网膜的辐射功率和观察者的响应度，下限一般在360nm-400nm之间，上限在760nm–830nm。NemkoShanghaiLtd.上海联广认证有限公司IntroductionUltravioletradiation(UV)Opticalradiationforwhichthewavelengthsareshorterthanthoseforvisibleradiation.Note:Forultraviolet(UV)radiation,therangebetween100nmand400nmiscommonlysubdividedinto:UV-A,from315nmto400nm;UV-B,from280nmto315nm;andUV-C,from100nmto280nm.紫外辐射波长小于可见辐射波长的光辐射。100nm-400nm范围内的紫外辐射通常被分为：UV-A(315nm–400nm)、UV-B(280nm–315nm)、UV-C(100nm–280nm)。NemkoShanghaiLtd.上海联广认证有限公司IntroductionInfraredradiation(IR)Opticalradiationforwhichthewavelengthsarelongerthanthoseforvisibleradiation.Note:Forinfraredradiation,therangebetween780nmand106nmiscommonlysubdividedinto:IR-A(780nmto1400nm),IR-B(1400nmto3000nm),andIR-C(3000nmto106nm).红外辐射波长大于可见辐射波长的光学辐射。780nm到106nm这个区域的红外辐射通常被分为：IR-A(780nm–1400nm)、IR-B(1400nm–3000nm)、IR-C(300nm–106nm)。NemkoShanghaiLtd.上海联广认证有限公司IntroductionBluelighthazard(BLH)Potentialforaphotochemicallyinducedretinalinjuryresultingfromradiationexposureatwavelengthsprimarilybetween400nmand500nm.Thisdamagemechanismdominatesoverthethermaldamagemechanismfortimesexceeding10seconds.蓝光危害由波长主要介于400nm与500nm的辐射照射后引起的光化学作用，导致视网膜损伤的潜能。如果照射时间超过10s，这种损害机理起主要作用，而且是损害机理的数倍之多。NemkoShanghaiLtd.上海联广认证有限公司IntroductionWhichproductsarerequiredtoperformIEC/EN62471?Self-ballastedLED-lampsforgenerallightingservices>50V–IEC/EN62560(自镇流LED灯)LEDmodulesforgenerallighting–IEC/EN62031(LED模块)

LEDsusedasalightsourceinluminaires(OSM/CTLDecisionsheetDSH0744)根据OSM/CTL决议，LED灯具必须按照IEC/EN62471进行测试评估。COMMISSIONREGULATION(EC)No244/2009家用非定向灯欧盟法规244/2009也对节能灯的UVA+UVB和UVC测试有所要求NemkoShanghaiLtd.上海联广认证有限公司IntroductionIEC/EN62560“Self-ballastedLED-lampsforgenerallightingservices>50V–Safetyspecifications”(自镇流LED灯)

Clause5.2c)——Foreyeprotection,seerequirementsofIEC62471LEDmodulesforgenerallighting–SafetyspecificationsIEC/EN62031(LED模块)

Clause7.1g)——Foreyeprotection,seerequirementsofIEC62471NemkoShanghaiLtd.上海联广认证有限公司IntroductionLEDsusedasalightsourceinluminaires(OSM/CTLDecisionsheetDSH0744)

FortheevaluationoftheopticalradiationhazardsIEC/EN62471shallbeapplied.Awaitingthefuturemodificationsofproductstandards(lamps,luminairesandothers),alltherequirements,includingmarkingprovidedbyIECTR62471-2shallbeapplied.——ForLEDswithlowluminance(<104cd/m2)emittingonlyinthevisiblerangethereisnoneedofhazardsriskclassificationaccordingtoIEC/EN62471(seeClause4.1).——It’suptotheCertificationBodytoaccepttheluminairemanufacturerdeclarationbasedonrelevanttestsshowingthattheradiationfromtheluminairedoesnotexceedthevaluesgiveninIEC/EN62471forExemptGroupandRiskGroup1.IntheTRF,itisindicatedthatjudgementisbasedonmanufacturer’sdeclaration.Ifsuchadeclarationisnotprovided,themeasurementsgiveninIEC/EN62471shallbeperformed.NemkoShanghaiLtd.上海联广认证有限公司IntroductionCOMMISSIONREGULATION(EC)No244/2009

Table4FunctionalityrequirementsforcompactfluorescentlampsNemkoShanghaiLtd.上海联广认证有限公司History&BackgroundBeforeSep.12010,thereisnotanspecificstandardforLED.ButEN60825-1:1994isthemostappropriateatthetimebecauseLED’scharacteristics.AfterSep.12010,EN60825-1:1994wasreplacedbyEN60825-1:2007.ButEN60825-1:2007hasexcludedLEDforgenerallighting.EN62471:2008(Dop2009-09-01;Dow2011-09-01)FromSep.12010,EN62471isanapplicablestandardforLEDthoughDowofEN62471:2008is2011-09-01.NemkoShanghaiLtd.上海联广认证有限公司EN62471scopeEN62471:2008(IEC62471:2006)ThisInternationalStandardgivesguidanceforevaluatingthephotobiologicalsafetyoflampsand

lamp

systemsincludingluminaires.Specificallyitspecifiestheexposurelimits,referencemeasurement

techniqueandclassificationschemefortheevaluationandcontrolof

photobiologicalhazardsfromall

electricallypoweredincoherentbroadbandsourcesofopticalradiation,includingLEDsbutexcluding

lasers,inthewavelengthrangefrom200nmthrough3000nm.

本标准对评估灯和灯系统,包括各种灯具的光生物安全性给予指导。对于所有非相干宽带电光源，也包括发光二极管(LED)但不包括激光，在200nm至3000nm波长范围的光学辐射的光生物危害的评估和控制，本标准对曝辐射限值参考测量技术和分级计划进行了明确规定。NemkoShanghaiLtd.上海联广认证有限公司EN62471hazardclassificationActinicUVhazard(fortheskinandeye)皮肤和眼睛的光化学紫外危害200nm–400nmNear-UVhazard(fortheeye)眼睛的近紫外危害315nm–400nmRetinalbluelighthazard视网膜蓝光危害300nm–700nmRetinalbluelighthazard(smallsource)视网膜蓝光危害(小光源)300nm–700nmRetinalthermalhazard视网膜热危害380nm–1400nmRetinalthermalhazard(weakvisualstimulus)视网膜热危害(对微弱视觉刺激)780nm–1400nmInfraredradiationhazard(fortheeye)眼睛的红外辐射危害780nm–3000nmThermalhazard(fortheskin)皮肤热危害380nm–3000nmNemkoShanghaiLtd.上海联广认证有限公司EN62471lampclassificationExemptGroup无危害类RiskGroup1(Low-Risk)1类危害(低危害)RiskGroup2(Moderate-Risk)2类危害(中度危害)RiskGroup3(High-Risk)3类危害(高危害)NemkoShanghaiLtd.上海联广认证有限公司EN62471lampclassification

Timeofexposure曝辐时间

(单位：秒)Hazard危害ExemptGroup无危害RiskGroup11类危害RiskGroup22类危害ActinicUVhazard(ES)光化学紫外危害30000100001000Near-UVhazard(EUVA)近紫外危害1000300100Retinalblue-lighthazard(LB)视网膜蓝光危害100001000.25Retinalthermalhazard(LR)视网膜热危害10100.25IRhazardfortheeye(EIR)眼睛的红外辐射危害100010010