AndroidBLE与终端通信(三)-客户端与服务端通信过程以及实现数据通信资料

AndroidBLE与终端通信（三）——客户端与服务端通信过程以及实现数据通信一.蓝牙数据传输蓝牙数据传输其实跟我们的 Socket（套接字）有点类似，如果有不懂的，可以百度一下概念，我们只要知道是这么回事就可以了，在网络中使用 Socket和ServerSocket控制客户端和服务端来数据读写。而蓝牙通讯也是由客户端和服务端来完成的，蓝牙客户端 Socket是BluetoothSocket,蓝牙服务端 Socket是BluetoothServerSocket,这两个类都在 Android.bluetooth包下，而且无论是 BluetoothSocket还是BluetoothServerSocket，我们都需要一个 UUID（标识符），这个UUID在上篇也是有提到，而且他的格式也是固定的：UUID:XXXXXXXX(8)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXXXXXXXXXX(12)第一段是 8位，中间三段式 4位，最后一段是 12位，UUID相当于Socket的端口，而蓝牙地址则相当于 Socket的IPandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:orientation="vertical"><Buttonandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:onClick="btnSearch"android:text="搜索蓝牙设备"/><ListViewandroid:id="@+id/lvDevices"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="0dp"android:layout_weight="1"/></LinearLayout>2.实现步骤1.声明我们需要的东西本地蓝牙适配器privateBluetoothAdaptermBluetoothAdapter;列表privateListViewlvDevices;存储搜索到的蓝牙privateList<String>bluetoothDevices=newArrayList<String>();//listview的adapterprivateArrayAdapter<String>arrayAdapter;UUID.randomUUID()随机获取UUIDprivatefinalUUIDMY_UUID=UUID.fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3");连接对象的名称privatefinalStringNAME="LGL";这里本身即是服务端也是客户端，需要如下类privateBluetoothSocketclientSocket;privateBluetoothDevicedevice;输出流_客户端需要往服务端输出privateOutputStreamos;2.初始化获取本地蓝牙适配器mBluetoothAdapter=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();判断手机是否支持蓝牙if(mBluetoothAdapter==null){Toast.makeText(this,"设备不支持蓝牙",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();finish();}判断是否打开蓝牙if(!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()){弹出对话框提示用户是后打开Intentintent=newIntent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);startActivityForResult(intent,1);不做提示，强行打开mBluetoothAdapter.enable();}//初始化listviewlvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this);获取已经配对的设备Set<BluetoothDevice>pairedDevices=mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();判断是否有配对过的设备if(pairedDevices.size()>0){for(BluetoothDevicedevice:pairedDevices){遍历到列表中bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName()+":"+device.getAddress()+"\n");}}//adapterlvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);/**异步搜索蓝牙设备——广播接收*/找到设备的广播IntentFilterfilter=newIntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);注册广播registerReceiver(receiver,filter);搜索完成的广播filter=newIntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);注册广播registerReceiver(receiver,filter);}3.点击搜索publicvoidbtnSearch(Viewv){设置进度条setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);setTitle("正在搜索...");判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索if(mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()){mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}开始搜索mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();}4.搜索设备privatefinalBroadcastReceiverreceiver=newBroadcastReceiver(){@OverridepublicvoidonReceive(Contextcontext,Intentintent){收到的广播类型Stringaction=intent.getAction();发现设备的广播从intent中获取设备BluetoothDevicedevice=intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);判断是否配对过if(device.getBondState()!=BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED){添加到列表bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName()+":"device.getAddress()+"\n");arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();}搜索完成}elseif(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)){关闭进度条setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);setTitle("搜索完成！");}}};5.客户端实现已经发送数据流客户端@OverridepublicvoidonItemClick(AdapterView<?>parent,Viewview,intposition,longid){先获得蓝牙的地址和设备名单独解析地址Stringaddress=s.substring(s.indexOf(":")+1).trim();主动连接蓝牙try{判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索if(mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()){mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}try{判断是否可以获得if(device==null){获得远程设备device=mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);}开始连接if(clientSocket==null){clientSocket=device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);连接clientSocket.connect();获得输出流os=clientSocket.getOutputStream();}}catch(Exceptione){TODO:handleexception}//如果成功获得输出流if(os!=null){os.write("HelloBluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8"));}}catch(Exceptione){TODO:handleexception}}6.Handler服务服务端，需要监听客户端的线程类privateHandlerhandler=newHandler(){Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();super.handleMessage(msg);}};7.服务端读取数据流线程服务类privateclassAcceptThreadextendsThread{privateBluetoothServerSocketserverSocket;privateBluetoothSocketsocket;输入输出流privateOutputStreamos;privateInputStreamis;publicAcceptThread(){try{serverSocket=mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME,MY_UUID);}catch(IOExceptione){TODOAuto-generatedcatchblocke.printStackTrace();}}@Overridepublicvoidrun(){截获客户端的蓝牙消息try{socket=serverSocket.accept();//如果阻塞了，就会一直停留在这里is=socket.getInputStream();os=socket.getOutputStream();不断接收请求,如果客户端没有发送的话还是会阻塞while(true){每次只发送128个字节byte[]buffer=newbyte[128];读取intcount=is.read();//如果读取到了，我们就发送刚才的那个 ToastMessagemsg=newMessage();msg.obj=newString(buffer,0,count,"utf-8");handler.sendMessage(msg);}}catch(Exceptione){TODO:handleexception}}}8.开启服务首先要声明//启动服务ac=newAcceptThread();ac.start();MainActivity 完整代码publicclassMainActivityextendsActivityimplementsOnItemClickListener{本地蓝牙适配器privateBluetoothAdaptermBluetoothAdapter;列表privateListViewlvDevices;存储搜索到的蓝牙privateList<String>bluetoothDevices=newArrayList<String>();//listview的adapterprivateArrayAdapter<String>arrayAdapter;UUID.randomUUID()随机获取UUIDprivatefinalUUIDMY_UUID=UUID.fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3");连接对象的名称privatefinalStringNAME="LGL";这里本身即是服务端也是客户端，需要如下类privateBluetoothSocketclientSocket;privateBluetoothDevicedevice;输出流_客户端需要往服务端输出privateOutputStreamos;//线程类的实例privateAcceptThreadac;@OverrideprotectedvoidonCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);initView();}privatevoidinitView(){获取本地蓝牙适配器mBluetoothAdapter=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();判断手机是否支持蓝牙if(mBluetoothAdapter==null){Toast.makeText(this,"设备不支持蓝牙",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();finish();}判断是否打开蓝牙if(!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()){弹出对话框提示用户是后打开Intentintent=newIntent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);startActivityForResult(intent,1);不做提示，强行打开mBluetoothAdapter.enable();}//初始化listviewlvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this);获取已经配对的设备Set<BluetoothDevice>pairedDevices=mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();判断是否有配对过的设备if(pairedDevices.size()>0){for(BluetoothDevicedevice:pairedDevices){遍历到列表中bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName()+":"+device.getAddress()+"\n");}}//adapterlvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);//启动服务ac=newAcceptThread();ac.start();/**异步搜索蓝牙设备——广播接收*/找到设备的广播IntentFilterfilter=newIntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);注册广播registerReceiver(receiver,filter);搜索完成的广播filter=newIntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);注册广播registerReceiver(receiver,filter);}publicvoidbtnSearch(Viewv){设置进度条setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);setTitle("正在搜索...");判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索if(mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()){mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}开始搜索mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();}广播接收器privatefinalBroadcastReceiverreceiver=newBroadcastReceiver(){@OverridepublicvoidonReceive(Contextcontext,Intentintent){收到的广播类型Stringaction=intent.getAction();发现设备的广播从intent中获取设备BluetoothDevicedevice=intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);判断是否配对过if(device.getBondState()!=BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED){添加到列表bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName()+":"device.getAddress()+"\n");arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();}搜索完成}elseif(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)){关闭进度条setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);setTitle("搜索完成！");}}};客户端@OverridepublicvoidonItemClick(AdapterView<?>parent,Viewview,intposition,longid){先获得蓝牙的地址和设备名Strings=arrayAdapter.getItem(position);单独解析地址Stringaddress=s.substring(s.indexOf(":")+1).trim();主动连接蓝牙try{判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索if(mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()){mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}try{判断是否可以获得if(device==null){获得远程设备device=mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);}开始连接if(clientSocket==null){clientSocket=device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);连接clientSocket.connect();获得输出流os=clientSocket.getOutputStream();}}catch(Exceptione){TODO:handleexception}如果成功获得输出流if(os!=null){os.write("HelloBluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8"));}}catch(Exceptione){TODO:handleexception}}服务端，需要监听客户端的线程类privateHandlerhandler=newHandler(){Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,Stri