初中英语九年级下册 现在完成时讲与练

ThePresentPerfectTense一现在完成时的构成:主语+have/has+过去分词(过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆。－略)

[Exercises1]选择填空()1.IEnghishinthisschoolsince1999(A)taught (B)havetaught(C)tea(D)wouldteach()2.Lileithepenforfiveyears(A)hashad (B)bought (C)havehad(D)havebought()3.Katehergrandmother'sphotobefore(A)haven'tseen (B)haveseen(C)see(D)hasn'tseen()4.Maryyouthesedays.(A)Has,seen(B)Do,see(C)Did,see(D)Is,seeing()5.sofar,wethousandsofBuildinginQuanzhou(A)build(B)havebuild(C)build(D)willbuild二、否定式:主语+haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词。

疑问式:Have/Has+主语+过去分词?

简略答语:Yes,主语+have/has.(肯定)

No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t.(否定)

[Exercises2]选择填空()1.——Haveyoufinishedyourwork?——.Yes,Ihave.(B)Yes,Ido.(C)Yes,Iam.(D)Yes,Idid.()2.——HassheeverlearnedEnglish?——(A)Yes,shehas.(B)Yes,shedoes.(C)No,shedoesn’t(D)No,shehas()3.Hefinishedhishomework.yet(A)doesn’t (B)haven’t (C)hasn’t(D)doesn’thave三现在完成时的含义之一表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与never/ever，just，already/yet，before。sofar等连用。这些标志词可以表达这种含义⑴以already,just和yet为标志already,just和yet表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、刚刚或还没有发生。Hehasalreadygotherhelp.

Hehasjustseenthefilm.

Hehasn’tcomebackyet.。

⑵以ever和never为标志

ever和never表示到现在为止动作或状态曾经或从来没有发生过。

ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.

HehasneverbeentoBeijing.

⑶以动作发生的次数为标志

若某一动作到现在为止已经发生了若干次,则要使用现在完成时。

HesayshehasbeentotheUSAthreetimes.

⑷以sofar为标志

sofar往往表示到目前为止动作或状态已经发生。

HehasgottoBeijingsofar.Shehaspassedtheexamsofar.⑸never/ever，just，already/yet，before。sofar的用法（略）[Exercises3]选择填空()1.——Haveyoutravelledonthetrain.——Yes,Ihave.(A)never (B)ever(C)just(D)yet()2.——Haveyoufinishedyourhomework——Not.(A)ever(B)already(C)yet(D)just()3.Wehaven'tfinishedourhomework.(A)already (B)ever (C)yet(D)never()4.——HaveyoulearnedEnglish?——Yes,I'velearnedalot.(A)never,ever (B)ever,never (C)ever,already (D)already.ever()5.——Haveyoufinihedyourhomework?——Yes,I'vedonethat(A)yet,already(B)already,yet(C)ever,never(D)still,just()6.John'sfatherborrowedsomepictures(A)havealready(B)hasjust(C)haveever(D)hasyet四、现在完成时含义之二表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。常与for,since,howlong,,thesedays等连用。⑴Since+过去点的时间（since短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今，since之后的时间为一点）Mr.Smithhasworkedheresince1984.He’slearnedabout5,000Englishwordssincehewenttocollege.⑵for+一段时间（数词+量词），（for短语表示动作延续多长时间，for的宾语为时间段）。此划线部分用howlong提问。Wehaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.Ihaven’tseenherforalongtime.[Exercises4]A）用since和for填空1)______twoyears 2)_______twoyearsago 3)_______lastmonth4)______1999 5)_______yesterday 6)_______4o’clock7)______4hours 8)_______anhourago 9)_______wewerechildren10)_____lunchtime 11)______shelefthereB）用since和for填空1.HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.2.I’veknownhim__________wewerechildren.3.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_________threeyears.4.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.5.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.C）选择填空()1.I'vebeenlikethiseversnice(A)lastweek(B)foraweek(C)aweekbefore(D)thelastweek()2.Mymotherhasworkedinthisfactory2years.(A)about(B)for(C)in(D)since()3.Ihaven'theardfromhimlastweek.(A)since(B)for(C)ago(D)before()4.Hisfatherjoinedtheparty_________(A)forthreeyears(B)sincethreeyearsago(C)threeyearsago(D)intwoyears'time()5.Hemovedherein1999,andhehasbeenhere.(A)atthattime(B)forfiveyearsago(C)sincefouryears(D)forfouryears()6.Tomhasbeenawayfromhomeaboutfivedaysago.(A)\(B)in(C)since(D)for五、句式：主句（现在完成时）＋since+从句（一般过去时）[Exercies5]选择填空()1.sheEnghishinourschooleversinceshehere.(A)hastaught,come (B)taught,came(C)hastaught,hascome (D)teaches,hascome()2.OurEnghishteacherinourschoolsincehetoChina.(A)e(B)taught,…come(C)hastaught,e(D)teaches,has…come()3.SheinQuanzhousinceshebornin1980(A)haslived,hasbeen(B)haslived,was(C)lived,hasbeen(D)lived,was六、句式：It’s＋一段时间＋since从句（用一般过去时）[Exercies6]选择填空()1.It’stenyearssinceshe.(A)hasleft (B)hasbeenaway(C)left (D)leave()2.It’sthreeyearssincehethearmy.(A)hasjoined(B)hasbeenin(C)join(D)joined七、havebeenin,havebeento与havegoneto的用法⑴have(has)beenin表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since,for,howlong等。例如：Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.▲此外还有这些搭配：havebeenhere(there)/athome(school)/onthefarm havebeenhere(there)/abroad⑵have(has)beento表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just,ever,never等连用， Ihavejustbeentothepostoffice.MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou?▲have(has)beento后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。： IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.。Theyhavebeentothatvillageseveraltimes.⑶have(has)goneto意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。----WhereisTom?----Hehasgonetothebookshop.。JackJohnsonhasgonetoLondon.[Exercises7]A）用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:Where____________LiFei___________?B:He____________toHainanA:Howlong___________he___________there?B:He_____________thereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I’mafraidhewon’tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanB:Sorry,I_________never___________there.A:Howmanytimes___________LiFei__________tothatplace?B:He_____________thereonlyonce.B）用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto的各种形式填空。WhereisJack?He__________hiscountry.David________theparkjustnow.John_______Englandsincehecameback.Howlong_____have_____thisvillage?TheSmiths______Beijingforyears._____youever____America?--Yes,I_____theremanytimes.I_____thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.WhereisJim?He_____thefarm.C）选择填空()1.Mrswhitesisn'there,sheLondon,shetheremanytimes(A)hasbeento,went(B)hasgoneto,hasbeen(C)wentto,hasgone(D)hasbeento,hasgone()2.Shehas__________toBeijingtwice.(A)gone(B)got(C)been(D)come()3.——whereyourfather,LiLei?——ToBeijing(A)have,been(B)has,been(C)have,gone(D)has,gone()4.MrGreenisn'tintheoffice,Hetothelibrary(A)hasgone(B)went(C)hasbeen(D)willgo()5.MrsmithtoTokyoandhewillbebackinaweek(A)hasbeen(B)hasvisited(C)hassent(D)hasgone()6.They_Chinafortwoyears(A)havebeento(B)havebeenin(c)havegoneto(D)havecometo八、现在完成时的反意疑问句【have（n’t）/has（n’t）＋代词】[Exercises8]选择填空()1.Jim'sbeentotheGreatwallbefore,?(A)isn't(B)wasn't(C)hasn't(D)doesn't()2.She'sneverbeentoEngland,she?(A)has(B)hasn't(C)isn't(D)is九、Howlong与现在完成时[Exercies9]选择填空()1.----___haveyoubeenhere?-----Sincelastyear(A)Howfar(B)Howlong(C)Howoften(D)Howsoon()2.___________hasHanmeibeeninthelibrary.(A)Howlong(B)Howsoon(C)Howfar(D)Howoften()3.Howlong___he___thelibrarybook.(A)has,borrow(B)has,kept(C)has,bought(D)did,buy十、短暂性转换延续性[Exercises10]A）按要求把短暂性转换为延续性动词①arriveat/insw.getto/e/go/movetosw.→beinsw./atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethereHegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.He__________________________Beijingfor__________________.ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.I__________________________theUSAsince____________________.Iwenthomeyesterday.I________________________homefor___________________.Theycameherelastweek.They__________________heresince___________________.②come/goback,return→beback come/goout→beoutHecameouttwoyearsago.He____________________________for____________________.WereturntoFuzhouyesterday.We_________________________toFuzhousince__________.③become→beIbecameateacherin2000.I__________________ateacherfor__________________.Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver__________________dirtyfor___________________.④close→beclosedopen→beopenTheshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop__________________________for__________________.Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor________________________forsixhours.⑤getup→beupdie→bedead leavesw.→beawayfromsw. fallasleep/gettotsleep→beasleep finish/end→beovermarry→bemarriedIgotuptwohoursago.I________________________since________________.HeleftFuzhoujustnow.He________________________________Fuzhouforfiveminutes.Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa______________________for_______________.Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting____________________forsixhours.Igottosleeptwohoursago.I__________________________since___________________.Theymarriedin1990.They___________________________since_________.⑥start/begintodosth.→dosth. begin→beonIbegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.I________atthisschoolsince____.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm____________for________.⑦borrow→keep lose→nothave buy→have puton→wear catch/getacold→haveacold gettoknow→knowTheyborroweditlastweek.They__________________itsince____________________.Iboughtapentwohoursago.I__________________apenfor__________________.Igottoknowhimlastyear.I___________________himsince____________________.Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I____________________myglassesfor__________________.⑧have/hasgoneto→havebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.He_____________Beijingfortwodays.⑨jointheleague/theParty/thearmy →bealeague/aPartymember/asoldier→beamemberoftheleague/theParty→beintheleague/theParty/thearmyHejoinedtheleaguein2002.He_________________a__________________fortwoyears.He__________________a_____________________the__________fortwoyears.He__________________________________theleaguefortwoyears.Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Mybrother____________________a___________for______________________.Mybrother______________________in_______________________fortwoyears.B）汉译英1）这本字典我已买了三年了。2）他离开中国三年了。3）我认识他们五年了。4）他们已去了美国五年了。5）自从他搬到福州，他就住这儿了。6）他们已经结婚10年。7）我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。8）这会已开了多长时间了？9）这门已经关了两天了。10）我入团2年了。 I________________________________twoyearsago. I_____________________a______________________fortwoyears. I_____________________a___________of___________________fortwoyears. I_________________________________the__________fortwoyears.11）自从1999年以来他们就认识。12）我来到农场已5年了。C）选择填空()1.——HowlongcanIthisbook?——Twoweeks(A)borrow(B)keep(C)lend(D)return()2.Herfatherin1990andherhusbandformorethanfiveyears(A)died,dead(B)hasdied,dead(C)died,hasbeendead(D)hasdied,hasdied()3.Ihavethisnicewatchfortwoyears(A)had(B)bought(C)borrowed(D)lend()4.Hehishomefortenyears(A)hasleft(B)leftfrom(C)hasbeenawayfrom(D)wasawayfrom()5.Healeaguemenberforthreeyears(A)is(B)hasbeen(C)hasbecome(D)havebecome()6.Lihua'sbrother