2023年同等学力申硕英语真题

20２３年同等学力英语考试真题PａｒtIOrａｌCｏmmunｉcation(10points)SecｔｉonＡDirecｔｉoｎs:ＩnthisseｃtｉonｔｈeｒearetｗoinｃomｐｌeteｄiａlogueｓanｄeacｈdiａloｇuehａsthrｅeblａnkｓａndtｈreecｈoｉcesＡ,BandＣ,takenfｒoｍthｅdialoguｅ.ＦｉllｉnｅachoftｈeblanｋswiｔhoｎｅoｆｔheｃhoiceｓtocｏmpleｔetｈedialogueａndmarｋyouｒanswerontｈeAｎswerSheｅt.DiaｌogueOｎeDoyｏuｋnowwｈatahａｎdｉｃapｐｅdｓpaceis?Thesigｎsalwaysｔellｙｏuhowlongyｏuｃａnparｋtｈｅreandonwhatｄays．Thenyｏualｓoneeｄtobeaｗareofthetiｍelｉmitsonthｅstreｅtｓignｓ.Sｔｕdｅnｔ:CanyouｔｅlｌmewhｅreＩcａnｐark?Ｃｌｅrk：Areｙｏuｄrivｉnｇａｍoｔｏrcycｌeoranautoｍｏbｉle？Ｓtudent:Ｉdｒiveａｎａｕtｏmobile.Cleｒｋ:Fine.Ｙoucaneitherｐarkiｎｔhestudentｌｏｔoroｎthesｔreeｔ．1Student：Yes,Ｉhaveseenthosｅspots．Clerk:Weｌｌ,whenyousｅethebluespoｔswithtｈehaｎｄicappedsigｎ，donotparkthｅｒeunlｅssyouｈavｅasｐeｃialpermit．Areyouｇoｉngtｏbｅparkｉnｇinｔｈedayｔimeｏｒeｖeｎing?Sｔudｅnt:Iparkintheｅveｎingｓ．Clerｋ:2Ｈaveyouｓeｅntｈosｅsigｎs?Stｕdent：Ｙes,Ihaｖesｅｅｎｔｈoseｓiｇns.Clｅrk:3DiａｌｏｇueＴwｏA.Theｈoｕrsandlｉmiｔaｔionsareｐrｉnｔedonthecardandｔhiｓhanｄoｕt.B.MayIhavｅyourｄｒivｅｒ’slicenｓｅ，ｐleaｓe？C．Areｙoufamiｌiａrwithourｒuｌeｓaｎdｆｉnｅｓ?Ｓtｕdent:Exｃuseme,Ｉamｉnteｒesteｄｉｎgｅttｉngaｌiｂｒarycａrd.Liｂｒarｉan:Ｓure,letmeｇiveyouaｎapｐlicａtiｏn.Yｏucaｎfilliｔoutrighｔhereatｔｈｅｃoｕnteｒ.Sｔｕdｅnｔ:Ｔhａｎkyou.I’ｌldｏitriｇhtnｏw.Librａrｉan：Leｔmetaｋｅalookatthisforyou.4Studeｎｔ:Hereitｉs.Ｌiｂｒａｒian:Yoｕｓeｅmtohavefilledｔheformoutａｌlrｉght．_＿_５＿__Sｔuｄent:Yes.Iknoｗwhattodo.Librarｉan：____6＿___Ｓtudent:OK.Isｅe.Librａｒiａn:Thankｙouforjoiｎingthelｉbrary,ｗelｏokfｏrwardtoｓerｖingｙｏｕ．ＳectioｎBDｉrectｉons:InｔｈissecｔiontherｅｉsoneincｏmpｌeteｗｈichhasfoｕrblanｋsａnｄfourcｈoｉcesA,B,CandD,ｔakenｆｒｏmtheｉnteｒview.FiｌｌineaｃhofthebｌankｓwithoneofｔhechoicｅstoｃoｍpletethｅinｔervieｗａnｄｍaｒkyouranswerontｈeAｎswerSheｅt.Ａ.Aｎdfoｏleｄtｈeｂoysfoｒawhiｌｅ．Ｂ.AndIdoｎ’tｔhｉｎkthｅｂoyｓｈaveｍindｅd.C.Ｗelｌ，it’sbecauｓemyBriｔiｓｈpubliｓhｅr．D.AllthisｔimｅIｔhoughtｙouｗｅre‘J．K’.Wiｎfrey:So,tｈｉｓisthefiｒstｔiｍewe’veｍet.Rｏwｌiｎｇ:Ｙes,itiｓ.Winfreｙ:AndmｙpｒoｄucｅrstellmethatyourrealnameisJ.O.____7＿＿__Ｒｏwlｉｎg:(ｌaughiｎｇ)Yeah.Ｗｉnｆrey：Ｊ.Ｋｉs…Roｗｌing：＿___８__＿_＿Whenｔｈeｆirstbｏokcａｍeｏuｔ,ｔhｅythｏugｈt‘ｔhisisａｂｏokthａtwilｌapｐealtoboｙs’,bｕttheydidn’twaｎttheboyｓtｏｋnoｗａwｏmanhaｄwrｉｔteniｔ.Sotｈｅyｓaidｔome‘ｃouldweuseyouｒinitialｓ’ａndIsaid‘finｅ’.Ionlyhaｖeoneｉｎitiaｌ.Iｄon’tｈavｅamｉddlename,SｏItｏokmyfavoritｅgrａndmｏthｅr’sname，Katｈleen.Ｗinfrey:____9___＿＿Rｏwling:Yｅａｈ,ｂuｔnotfortoｏlong,ｂｅｃaｕseIsｔaｒtｅｄgeｔtinｇｍypictｕreinｔheｐrｅｓsandnｏｏnecｏｕldpreteｎdIwasａｍaｎanymore．Winfrey:_＿＿１0__＿_Ｒowliｎg:ＮO—itｈasn’tｈeｌdｍｅｂack,haｓｉt?PａrtIIVoｃabｕlａry(10ｐｏinｔs）Direｃtioｎs:Inthisｐartｔheｒearetｅnsｅntｅｎces,eａchwｉｔｈoｎeｗordｏｒｐhｒaｓeuｎｄeｒｌineｄ.ＣhooseｔｈeｏnefroｍthefourcｈoicｅsmarｋｅdA，Ｂ,CandDthatbｅstｋｅeｐstｈｅｍeaningoftｈesenteｎce.MａｒｋyouranswｅrontheＡnswerSｈeet.ThｅｒearｅsｅveraldｉｆfereｎｔoptｉｏnｓfoｒgettｉngInteｒnetaccesｓ.Ａ.cｈoices ﻩB.definitｉons ﻩＣ.cｈannｅlｓ ﻩＤ．rｅａsoｎs1２.Eａrthhasａnａtmｏsｐheｒe,wｈｉtｅcｔsthesurｆacefroｍhaｒmfulrayｓ.A．mｉneｒaｌsB.subｓtancesC.gａseｓﻩﻩ ﻩﻩD.bｅamｓ１3.Ｔhｅmanagergaveoneofｔhesalesｇirlsａnacｃuｓingloｏkｆorherｈｏsｔｉleattitｕdetｏwarｄｃusｔomｅrs.A．uｎfrｉendlyB．optimisticＣ.iｍpａtient ﻩＤ.ｐｏｓiｔiveSｉnｃeitislatｅtochａｎｇemymindnow,Iamｒesoｌveｄtocaｒｒyouttheplaｎ.A.ｒｅvｉseB.implemｅntC．review ﻩD.imｐrove１5．SeｃｕritygｕａｒdsdｉｓperｓedtheｃrowdthathadgathereｄaｒｏuｎｄthｅCapitol.A.arｒestedB.sｔｏppedC.scａtteredﻩ Ｄ．watched1６.Tostａｒtｔheｐroｇram,inseｒｔｔhｅdisｋandｆoｌloｗthｅiｎstructｉonｓ.A.ｔakeoutB.turnoveｒC.ｔｒaｃkdoｗｎ D.putin17.Tｈeｐaｔiｅnt’sｃoｎｄitionhａsdｅterｉｏraｔｅdsｉｎｃeｌaｓtnighｔ.A.imｐｒovedB.ｒeｔuｒｎedC.woｒsenｅd Ｄ．chaｎｇed1８.Icouldｎ’taｆfoｒdtoflyｈｏme,ａｎｄatraintｉｃketｗasｌｉkeｗｉsｅbｅyondmymeans．A.alsｏB.ｎｏnethｅlｅsｓC.ｆuｒthermoreﻩD.oｔherｗise１9.Despiteｙearｓｏfseａrchiｎg,ｓcientｉsｔshavedｅtecｔｅdnosignsofｌｉfebeｙondｏuｒｏwnsoｌarsysｔeｍ.A.wｉｔｈinB.beｓidｅsC.outsidｅﻩＤ.exceptIｐreｆerchickentofｉshbecauｓｅＩaｍworriｅdabｏｕtaccｉdenｔallyswallowingasmallboｎe.Ａ.ｉnｔeｎtｉonａllyＢ．unｅｘpectｅdlyC.anxiouｓlｙﻩﻩD.huｒriｅｄlyPartIIIＲeadｉnｇComprehension（25points)SectioｎADirectionｓ:Inthissｅｃtｉon,therearefｏｕrpassagｅsfollｏwｅｄbyquｅstionsorunｆinｉshｅdstatｅmentｓ，eaｃhwithfouｒsuｇgestedaｎswｅrsA，B,ＣandＤ．CｈooｓｅthebestａnｓwerandmarkyoｕranｓwｅrｏnｔheAnｓｗerSheet.PasｓaｇeＯｎｅSometiｍesaracｅｉsｎoteｎouｇh.Soｍetimesarunnerjuｓtwantｓtoｇｏｆurtｈｅr.Thaｔ’swhａtｈaｐpｅｎｅdtｏDennｉsMartｉnandBrookeCuｒrａn．Maｒtin，６８,ａreｔｉｒeddetectivefrｏmＮeｗYorkCity,tｏoｋuprunningafｔerhisfｉrstwifｅdiｅｄ.Ｃurran，4６，aphilantｈroｐｉst(慈善家）fromAlｅxanｄｒia,starteｄrunningtogetｏutofthehｏuseandcollectherｔhouｇhｔs．BothsｈeandＭartiｎgotgoodatrunniｎｇbutfeltthedesiｒetodomore.“TｈemoreItrained,ｔｈebｅtｔerIｇot,”Cｕrransaｉd,”buｔIwouldcrosｓtｈeｆinishlinｅwithnｏseｎseｏfacｃoｍplishmenｔ.”Eventually,thｅyworkeduｐtｏrunninｇｍａrathｏｎs(马拉松）(andｌoｎｇerraｃｅs)ｉｎotｈercoｕnｔries,ｏｎoｔheｒｃounｔｒｉes.Noｗbothhaｖeａchieｖedanotabｌｅ-anｄincreasiｎglｙlessraｔe－milestone；ｒuｎnｉngthe26．2-milｅrａｃｅｏｎａllseｖeｎcｏntｉnents．Theyarepａrtofapｈenomｅnonthathasgrowｎoutoｆthｅrunninｇcｕltｕrｅinthepasttwｏdｅcades,atｔhｅiｎｔeｒsｅｃtｉｏnｏｆathｌeticｉsmandleisure：“rｕnｃaｔions，”ｗｈiｃbinｅdｉｓｔａnｃerｕnninｇwithｔraveltoｅxoticplaces.Thｅretｒips,asexpｅnsiveasthｅyaｒepｈysicaｌｌｙcｈallｅnｇiｎg,aｒeaｇrｏwiｎgaｎpetitivemarｋeｔｉｎthetｒａvelｉnｄustry.“Inthebｅgｉnninｇ，runningwasｅnｏuｇh,”sａｉdSteeｎAlbrechtsｅn,apresｓｍanager.“Tｈｅｃlassiｃmarathonwａstheultiｍategoａl,tｈｅncａｍeｔｈesupermarａthons，liｋｅＬoｎdｏnandＮｅwYｏｒｋ.Ｂutwhen９0,0０0ｐeoｐlｅａｙearｃaｎtakeｔhaｔchalleｎge,itisnolｏnｇereｘcitｉnｇandａdventｕｒoｕs.Ｈence，theseaｒcｈfｏｒnewａdveｎtuｒesｂegan.”“Nooneｃouldevｅrhａveimaｇinｅdthaｔｒuｎｎｉnｇwｏulｄbecomeｔhｅlｉfestylｅactivｉｔythatitｉｓtoday,”saidThｏmＧilligan,founderａnｄpreｓideｎｔofBｏsｔon-ｂａsedMaratｈonTｏurｓandTrａvel.Giｌligan,whohａｓbeenｉnbｕｓineｓｓsｉnｃｅ197９,ispａrtlyrｅspｏｎsibleｆoｒtｈｅsｅven-cｏnｔｉneｎtphenomｅnon.ItstartｅdwｉｔhacasｕaltalktｏaninterｖiewerabouｔhiscoｍpanyoｆferｉｎgtrｉpstｏｅvｅｒycontｉｎeｎtｅxcepｔＡｎｔarctiｃa.Andｔhenin1９95,MａrathonTｏuｒshosteditsfirstＡntａrctｉｃaMarathoｎonKinｇＧｅoｒgeＩｓland．ＯffthｅｔipｏfthｅAntarcｔicＰｅｎinsｕla:160runｎerｓgotｔotｈestartｉnglineofadｉrｔ-aｎdｉｃe-traｉlrｏuteviａaRuｓsiａnicｅbreakertｈroughｔheＤｒakePasｓａge.Aｔthebｅginning，Ｍartiｎｔoｏkupruｎnｉｎgjｕsttｏ.Ａ．ｍｅetrequirementsoｆhisjoｂB.winａrunｎｉngｒaceC.joininａpｈｉlantｈｒｏpiｃacｔｉvｉtyＤ．getawayfromhisｓadness22.MartinａndCurｒａnaremeｎｔiｏｎｅdasgoodeｘampｌesof．A.winnersｉｎｔhｅ26.2－milｅraceｏnallsevencｏntinｅntsＢ.ｐeｏplewhoｅnjoｙlｏｎｇruｎningasaliｆestyleaｃtｉｖｉtyC.ruｎｎinｇracerｓｓatiｓfiedwithｔheiroｗｎperformanceD.oldｐeoplewhｏliveａnactiveｌiｆｅaｆtｅrretireｍent２３.Anｅwtrｅndiｎtheｔravｅlｉndｕstrｙisｔhedeveｌopｍentof.Ａ．challengｉngrｕnｃaｔiｏｎsB.pｒoｆessionaｌraceｓC.ＡｎtarcticatrａｖeｌmａrkｅｔＤ.exｐｅnsiveｔoursTheclassicmarａｔhｏnnolongersａtｉsfｉesｓoｍｅpｅoplebｅcauｓe．A．iｔdoesnotpｒｏvideenoｕｇhchallengeB.ｉtmayｂetoughａｎｄdangeｒousC.iｔｉnvｏｌvestoｏfierceacompetｉtionD．ithａsattrａctedtoomaｎypeople25.ThefiｒstAｎtarcｔicaMaratｈｏnonＫｉngGeorgeIslａndindicateｓthａt.A.interｎaｔionaｌcｏoｐerationisaｍusttosuchａnｅventB.ｒuncationsａreexpensiveaｎdｐhysiｃａｌlycｈallｅngiｎgC.MaratｈonToｕｒsisaleaｄerofｔheｔｒａｖｅlindustryD.advｅｎｔurousｒunninghasbeｃomeincreａｓingｌｙpｏpｕlaｒPassａgeTwoＢeforethe1９70s,cｏllｅgｅstudｅｎtsｗeｒeｔreatedaschildren.Sｏmａnｙcolleｇesｒaninｌocｏpareｎtiｓsystｅｍ.“Ｉnlocopaｒentｉｓ”isaLａtiｎｔeｒmmｅanｉng“intheplaceofapａｒeｎt.”Itｄescrｉｂeswｈeｎsomeoｎeelｓeaｃceptｓresponsiｂilｉtｙtｏactineresｔsofａcｈilｄ.ThｉsｉｄeａdeveｌopedloｎgagoｉnBrｉtiｓhｃommｏnlawｔodeｆinｅtｈｅｒｅsponsｉbiliｔyoｆteachｅrstowardthｅirstudentｓ.Foryeaｒs，AｍeｒicａncｏurｔｓuｐhｅldinlocoparｅntisiｎcａｓessｕｃhasGottversusBｅreaＣｏｌleｇｅin191３.Ｇottｏwnｅdａreｓtaurantoffcａmpus.Bｅreaｔhrｅateneｄtoexpelstudeｎtｓwｈoaｔeaｔpｌacｅsnoｔｏwｎｅdｂｙtｈeschｏol.ＴheＫentuckyhｉｇhcourｔdeｃiｄeｄｔhatinｌocopaｒｅntisｊustｉｆiedthaｔｒｕle.Inlocoparentisｍｅantthaｔmaleandｆemａｌecollegestudentsusｕaｌｌyhadtoｌiｖeinsｅpａrａtebuildｉnｇs．Womｅnhadtobebackａｔtｈeirdormｓbｙteｎoｒｅlｅvｅnonsｃhoolｎiｇhｔs.Butｉntｈe1９６0s，studeｎtsbｅgaｎtoprｏteｓtｒulesandｒeｓｔrictionｓlikｅｔheｓｅ.Attｈｅsａmetiｍe,courtｓbegａnｔｏsupｐｏrｔstudentswhowerebeｉｎｇpuｎｉshｅdｆoｒpolitｉcalａndsocｉaldisｓent.In1960,ＡlabａmaStateColleｇeeｘｐｅllｅdsixstuｄenｔswｈotoｏｋpartｉｎａｃｉviｌrｉghｔsdemonstｒatiｏn.Theysuedｔhｅschoolａnｄｗoｎ.Afteｒthatiｔｂeｃameharderandｈａｒdertｏdefｅndｉnlocｏｐareｎtis.Attｈattｉme,studentswerenotｃｏｎsiｄｅredadultsuntil21.Ｔhen,in１９71,the２4ｔhaｍｅndｍenttｏtｈｅＣoｎstｉtutionsｅttｈevoｔingａgeatｅighｔeｅn.Soinｌocｏpaｒentｉsｎolongｅrreａｌlyａpｐｌiｅd．Slowly,cｏllｅgesｂｅgａntotrｅatｓtuｄentsnotａschｉlｄｒen,ｂutasadｕlts.Stuｄeｎtscametoｂesｅｅｎasｃｏnsｕmeｒsofedｕcatｉonalservices.GａryDickｓteiｎ，aｎasｓiｓｔantvｉcepreｓideｎtatWrｉｇｈtSｔaｔeＵnｉversityiｎＤaｙｔoｎ,Ohｉo,saysinlocoparｅntisiｓnotreallygone.Itjustｌoｏksdifferent.Ｔoｄaｙ’ｓparents,hesays，areoｆｔenｈeａｖiｌyinvolvedinｓtｕdｅnts’lives．Ｔheyａrｅknownａs“ｈeｌicopterparenｔｓ.”Theｙａlwaysseemtohｏveroｖertｈｅｉrchildren.GaryDｉckｓｔeｉnｓaｙsｔhesｅpaｒentsａreｌikｅｌytoｑｕestiｏndecisions，ｅspeｃiａllyaboutsafetｙisｓｕesaｎｄgradｅs．Thｅywantｔoｍakesurｅｔhｅｉｒfｉnaｎcialinvｅｓｔｍeｎtiｓnotbｅingwａsted．26．Beforeｔhｅ１９7０s,manｙcollｅgｅsｒaniｎｌoｃｏpａｒentiｓsyｓtembｅcause．Ａ.theycoulｄｔaｋｅthｅｐlａceofthestｕｄentｓ’paｒｅntsB.parｅntsaskedtｈemtｏdｏｉｔfoｒtｈeｉnｔeｒestｓoｆtheirchｉlｄreｎＣ.thisｗａsatrａditioneｓtablishedbyBritｉｓhcｏlｌegesD．ｃolｌegestuｄentswerｅregarｄedasｔｏｏyｏuｎgtoｂetreatedasaｄｕｌts２7.WhｏwonthｅｃａseofGottversusBeｒeａCollegein1913?A.BeｒeａCollege.ﻩ ﻩﻩﻩﻩＢ.Gott．C．Itｗaｓawｉn-ｗｉｎcａｓe．ﻩ ﻩﻩﻩＤ.Thestｕdｅnts.28.Ｔheword“disｓenｔ”(Paｒａ.5)probablymeans“”.A.extremeｂｅhａviors ﻩﻩﻩﻩB.viｏｌａtｉonｏfｌａｗsC.strｏngdｉsａgreement ﻩ D.Wrongｄoｉngs２9.Iｎ１9６０，tｈｅcｏurｔruledｔhatＡlabａmａSｔａtｅCollege_＿＿__Ａ.ｈａdｎｏrigｈttｏexpelthesｔudｅntsB.wasjustifiedtohａveeｘｐelledｔhestudｅｎtｓC.ｓhouｌdn’ｔiｎtｅrfereｗithstuｄｅnts’ｄaｉlylifeD.shouldsｕｐportｃiｖiｌrighｔsdeｍｏnｓtratｉons30．AccoｒｄingtoGaｒyＤickstｅiｎ,tｏday’s“helicoｐterｐaｒeｎts”_＿__＿A.don’ｔsｅttheirhearｔsａtrestwithcoｌlｅｇeａdminisｔｒatorｓB.keｅpaｗatchfｕleyeontｈeirｃｈildreｎ’sliｆeandstudyC.caｒelｅssabouttheirchildren’seducatiｏnｔｈａnｂeｆoｒeD．hａｖediffereｎtｏpｉnionsoｎｔｈｅｉrcｈildren’sedｕcatioｎPassａgｅＴｈreeWetendｔothiｎkofplantsaｓthefurniturｅｏｆtｈeｎaturａlｗoｒd.Theydｏn’tmoｖe,ｔheｙdｏn’tmａｋesoｕnds,theyｄon’tseｅmｔorｅｓpoｎdｔoaｎything–aｔleａｓｔnoｔverｙquickｌｙ.Ｂuｔasisoｆtenｔhecａse,oｕrhumanviewoｆthewｏrlｄmｉsｓesquｉtｅalｏｔ．Planｔｓtalktoｅaｃhotheｒａlltｈetiｍe.Aｎdthelａnｇuaｇeiscｈｅmical.Ovｅrthｅyeaｒsscientｉstshａveｒeportedtｈatdｉfferｅntｔypesoｆｐlants,fromtreeｓtｏtomａtｏes,rｅleaｓecomｐoundsiｎｔoｔhｅairtohｅｌpneighboringｐlants.Thesecｈemicalwarnｉｎgsallhaｖeｔhｅsamepurpose—tｏｓｐreadｉnforｍatioｎabｏutonepｌanｔ’sdiseａsesｏotherplantｓcanｄeｆendtheｍselvｅｓ.Buteｘacｔlyhｏwpｌantsrecｅiｖeandaｃtｏｎmanyoｆｔheseｓignａlsisstiｌｌmyｓｔerious．Ｉｎthisweek’ｓProceｅｄiｎgsoftheNationａlAcademyofScieｎceｓ,ｒeｓearcheｒsｉnJapanoｆferｓoｍeexpｌａnaｔiｏns．Tｈeyhａveidentifiedoneｃhemicalmｅsｓageandｔｒaｃｅdiｔaｌltｈｅｗａyfrｏmrｅlｅasetｏａction.Ｔhesciｅntistｓｌｏｏkedaｔtoｍaｔoplantsinfｅstｅｄ(侵害）bｙcomｍonpest,thecuｔwormcaｔerpｉlｌar(毛虫).Tostartoｕt,tｈｅygreｗplanｔｓintwｏｐａrtmentsconnｅｃtedbｙatuｂe.Ｏnｅplanｔwasinfｅstedａndplａcedｕｐwｉnｄanｄtheotherswereｕninfｅsteｄandplａｃeｄｄownwind.Thｅdownwｉndplantsweｒelaterexposedtotheｃutwｏrmｃaterpillaｒ．Ｔheresuｌtsshoｗｅdthaｔplantｓthａtｈaｄprｅｖiouｓlｙbeeｎｎeaｒsicｋｎｅighｂorsｗerｅaｂｌetodefeｎdｔhemｓｅｌｖｅｓbｅtterａgaｉnsttｈecａｔerpiｌlar．Thｅreｓeaｒcｈeｒsａlsosｔｕdiｅdleａvesfrｏmexpoｓedandunｅxpｏsedplａnｔｓ.Ｔheyｆoundoｎecomｐoundsｈｏｗedｕｐmｏrｅoftｅｎｉnthｅexpｏsｅdｐlanｔｓ．ThｅsｕｂｓｔanceiscalleｄHexVic．WhｅntｈｅscienｔisｔｓfｅdHexVｉｃｔocutworｍs,itknockedｄownｔheiｒsurviｖａlｒatebｙ17%．ＴｈeｓcienｔｉｓtsｉｄｅntｉｆiedthesourceｏfHexVｉc,andsｐraｙeｄitlightlyoverheａltｈｙpｌants.Ｔhｏsｅplantｓｗｅrethｅnabletostartpｒｏducinｇthecatｅｒpillar－kｉllingHexVic.Researchersconｆｉrmedｔhａtuninfestedplantsｈavetoｂｕilｄｔheirｏwnweapｏｎtoｆightｏffｂｕｇsａnddiｓeaseｓ.Ｈｏwdotheyknｏwwhｅｎtoplaydeｆense?Tｈｅyaｒeｗａｒｎedfｉrstbythｅirfrｉeｎdｌypｌaｎtneighbｏrs.Itisａcomplextaｌｅ,aｎdｉｔmayｂehaｐpｅninginmｏｒｅplantspecieｓthａntomａtoｅs．Itｍaｙalsobehappeningｗｉtｈmoreｃhemｉcａlsignalsthatarｅsｔｉllunｋｎoｗｎtous.Foｒnowthougｈ，wekｎｏwthatｐlantsｎotonlycommuｎｉcate,theyloｏkoutforoneａｎｏtｈer.3１.WhatｄoestｈeauthoｒtryｔoemphasizｅｉnＰaｒagraph1?Ａ．Howplａnｔscoｍmuniｃateisstillａmystery.B．Eｎoughaｔteｎtionhaｓbeeｎpaiｄtｏplanttalｋ.C．Plantｓarｅthｅfurnitureoｆｔheｎａｔuralworｌｄ.Ｄ.Ｐｌａntscaｎcomｍunｉcatewiｔhｅａchｏｔher.３２.ＡccordingｔoＰaｒagrapｈ２,whatremainsunknｏwnis＿____＿A.ｈoｗpｌantsrｅceivｅanｄｈandｌethｅsigｎａlsｆroｍtｈｅirneｉghborsB.wｈyplａnｔsｓｐreadcｈeｍicalinformatｉontｏｔheｉrneｉgｈｂorsＣ.hｏwmanytypｅsoｆplaｎtsｒeｌeａsｅoｔheairD.whetheｒplantssendcheｍicalwaｒniｎgstｏｔheｉrneｉghbors３３.Thetomatｏplａntsintheexpeｒimｅntwere____＿_A.ｐlacedｓeparatelｙbｕｔcoｎｎｅｃtedｔhｒouｇhａirＢ．exposedｔodifｆereｎtkinｄｓofpestsC.exposedtoｔhepestａｔtｈesａmｅｔimeＤ．plaｃedtogetherｉnacloseｄcomｐartmeｎｔ３４．Thｅｅｘｐｅriｍenｔshｏwsthａttheｉnｆｅｓtedplantｈeｌｐsitsｎeｉghboｒsby__＿___Ａ.ｍaｋｉngｍoｒeHexVictoaｔｔrａｃｔtheｐeｓｔB.releasｉnｇHexViｃiｎtｏtheaｉｒtｏwaｒntheｍC.leｔｔingthemkｎoｗｈoｗtｏproｄuｃeHexVicD.prｏｄuｃｉngｅnoughＨexVictoｋillｔｈepest35.Ｗｈaｔmaybetｈｅbesｔtitleｆｏｒthepasｓaｇe?Ａ.SuｒvｉvalofPlantsﻩB.PlantWｏrld ﻩC．TalｋinｇPlantsﻩﻩD.PlaｎｔＢugKiｌｌerＰaｓsａgeFourVancｏuveｒistheｂeｓｔplaceｔoliveｉnthｅAmericas，ａcｃordinｇtoaquaｌitｙ－of-liferankingpuｂｌｉshedeａrlierthｉsmonth.Ｔｈｅcｉｔyregulaｒlytoｐssｕcｈindｅxesａsｉtscｌeａｎair，ｓｐacｉｏuｓhomｅsandweｅkｅｎdpｏｓsｉbilitiesofｓaiｌinganｄｓkiing．Butｉｔsstａtｕsaｓaｌｉveabｌecitｙｉsｔｈｒｅatｅneｄbyworseningcongestiｏn(拥挤).Ｏｖｅrｔhｅnｅxtthreedecades,aｎｏｔｈerImiｌｌionrｅsidentsaｒeexpectedtｏliveintheGreａtｅｒＶancoｕveｒrｅgｉｏｎ，ａddingmoｒecaｒs，bｉcyclｅｓａndlorrｉestｏrｏadｓthatareａlreadyｓtrugｇｌingtoservｅｔｈｅexｉstｉng２．3milｌｉoｎreｓideｎtｓ.AprｏpoｓalbyＶａnｃｏuver’smaｙorseeksｔｏpreventthｅworseningconditioｎs.Ｕｐgradeswouｌdbeｍａdｅto２,3０0ｋiｌometreｓoｆroaｄｌaneｓ,ａswellａsbusrｏｕtｅsandcyclepathｓ.Fｏurｈunｄrednewｂuｓeswoulｄjointheflｅetof1,830.Thｅｒewouｌｄbｅmoreｔｒａinsａndmｏre“seabus”ferrycroｓsｉngsbetweenVancｏｕverandｉtswｅaｌthynorthernsuburbs．Togｅtａllｔhat，rｅsｉdentsｍustvoｔetoacceptａninｃrｅaseinsaｌeｓtax，fｒｏm7%tｏ7.5％.Ｐｏｌlｓsuggestｔheｙwillvoteno．Everyoneagreesｔhａｔamｏreefｆicｉenttransportsystｅmiｓnｅeded.Coｎｆiｎedｂymountainstothｅnoｒｔh,theUnitedStａｔeｓtoｔｈｅｓoｕtｈaｎdthePaｃifｉｃOceaｎｔotｈeweｓt,Vanｃouｖerｈａｓｓpreaｄinthｅonlydirｅｃtiｏnｗheｒetheｒeissｔilｌland,intｏtｈeFraserValley,wｈichjusｔafewｄecadesagowａsmosｔｌyfａrｍｌaｎd.Theroadisofｔｅnoveｒcｒowded．Ｙetcommuteｒｓ’ｓuｓpicｉｏｎoflｏcalbureａｕcratｓｍａyexceedtheiｒdiｓlikeｏfcoｎgeｓｔｉon.TｒaｎsLiｎk,whicｈrunｓｐuｂlictranspoｒtintheｒeｇiｏｎ,isunloｖｅdｂyｔaxpａyｅrs．PassｅngｅｒsｂlameitwheｎSkytrain,theligｈt－ｒａｉlsystem,comesｔｏastandｓtｉlｌｂeｃausｅofmechaｎicaloｒeleｃtrｉｃalfaｕlts,aｓｈappｅnｅｄtwiceｉnoｎeweeklａsｔsummeｒ,ｌeavｉngcoｍｍutｅrｓsｔuｃkincaｒriａgｅsｗiｔhnothingtodobuｔｅxpreｓｓingｔheｉrａnｇerｏｎTwitｔｅr.ThatsorｔofｔhinghasmadeｖoterｓleｓｓｗillingｔopａytheC$７.5billｉoninｃａpｉtａlspeｎdｉnｇtｈａttheｔen-yｅartｒafficupgradewｏｕldiｎvolve.Despitethecomplaints,Vancouver’ｓtransportsystemiｓaｄecｅnt,well－ｉnｔegrａteｄoneｏnwｈｉcｈtｏbｕiｌd,reckｏｎsTｏddLｉｔｍan,ａｔrａnsporｔｃoｎsulｔaｎｔｗｈohaｓworkedｆoｒTransLｉnｋ．“Theseｕpgraｄesareall-impｏrtantiｆVａnｃoｕverwａntstｏmaintainitｓｒeｐutaｔionforｂｅingadeｓtiｎationotheｒｓwａntｔｏｇｏｔｏ．”Hｅｓａys.36.ＴhｅbiggestｐrobleｍtｈreateniｎgVａncouvｅｒａsaｌiveａblｅｃitｙiｓ.A.incｒｅａｓingｃongestiｏn ﻩ ﻩB．climatecｈａｎgeＣ.shortageoflａnｄﻩ ﻩ D.lackｏfｍｏｎey37.ＴheupｇraｄeｐroｐoｓaｌbyVaｎｃouｖer’smayormaybeturneddowｎbyｒesideｎtｓbeｃause．A.ｔheydoｎotwａntmorepeoｐletoｍｏveiｎB．theyａrerｅluctaｎttomovetonewｐlaｃesC.upｇｒaｄeswoulｄtakｅａｗaｙｔheｉrｌｉvingspaceD.upgrａdeｓwoｕldaｄdtotheirｆiｎanciａlbｕｒdeｎs3８.TheonlｙｄireｃtｉonforＶancouvertofuｒtherexpａndｉstｏwardｓ.A.theeast ﻩ Ｂ.ｔｈewestﻩﻩﻩＣ．tｈesouth Ｄ.thｅnorｔｈ39.TransLinkismenｔioneｄ(Ｐara.4)aｓanｅxampleoｆ．A．wｏrldfaｍoｕstraｎsｐoｒtcｏmpａnｉesB.locａlresidenｔs’cｏmｐlaｉntｓａbｏuｔthｅbｕrｅaucｒａtｓC.lｏｃaleｆfoｒttｏｉｍｐｒoveｐubｌｉcｔranｓporｔD.worｓenｉngtraｆficｃｏｎｇｅstｉoｎ4０．ＡccｏrｄingｔoＴｏddＬitｍａn,tｈｅｕpｇｒadeｐrｏｐosal．A.ｗillｓolvethｅtｒafｆicpｒobｌeｍB．wiｌｌbenefitｌocaleｃｏnomyC.sａｔisfｉeｓthｅtranｓｐｏｒｔcomｐａｎyD．ｄeseｒveｓpuｂliｃsuppoｒtＳectioｎBDiｒectiｏｎs:Inthiｓsｅction,ｙouarerequｉredtorｅadonequoteｄｂlｏgａndthｅcommentsonit.Thebｌogａndcommｅｎtsarefoｌloｗｅdｂyｑueｓtionｓoｒuｎfｉniｓhedstaｔeｍents，eaｃhｗithｆoｕrsuggｅｓtｅdanswersＡ,B,CandDCｈｏｏsethebｅｓtansｗｅrandmaｒkyouransｗeｒonthｅＡnswerＳheet.Ｔowaｒｄsｔhｅｅnｄｏfthe1９90s，morｅthａnadｅcadeandａhalｆafterDietCｏkewａsfirsｔiｎｔrｏduced,sａｌeoｆＣoｃaCola’sbｅsｔ-selｌiｎgｌowcａlorｉcｄrinkappeａreｄtｏslｏwｄｏwｎ.Hoｗｅｖer,intｈedecaｄｅthatfoｌlowｅd,ｄietｓoｄasgrｅwbｙmorethａn30ｐeｒcｅnｔ．In２023,saｌespuｓｈedａbove$8．5biｌｌionfｏrｔhｅfirsttｉmｅ.BuｔAmerica’sthirsｔforＤｉetCokeisrunnｉngdrｙagain—andｔhisｔｉmｅiｔcｏuｌdbefｏrｇood.Thｅｄiｅtｓｏdａslowｄｏｗnisｎ’tmerelyａnＡｍｅricａnthiｎg—ｉｔ’sａlｓｏhappeｎiｎgworldwide．ＢｕttheｆutureoｆｄietｃｏｌasiｓparticｕlａrlyｃloｕｄyintheUnitｅｄＳtates．ＬowｃａloｒｉesodasａrｅfighｔｉｎgahardｂａttleaｇainsｔｎotｏneｂｕｔtｗotrendsaｍongAmｅｒicａnｃonsuｍｅｒs.Tｈeｆirstisｔhaｔoverａｌlsodaｃoｎｓｕmptｉonｈasｂeｅnonthedeclｉｎesｉｎcebｅfore２02３．Diｅtsｏdas，thoughtheｙｍiｇhｔｃomeｓｕgar-aｎdcalorie-ｆree,aｒesｔｉllsｏdａs,ｓometｈingＡmerｉcaｎsａreｐrovinｇlesｓaｎｄlessiｎtereｓｔeｄindｒinkiｎg．Ｔheseｃoｎd,andperhapsmoｒeｓigｎifiｃanｔtrenｄ,isagroｗｉｎgmisｔrｕstｏfaｒｔｉfｉcｉalswｅeｔeners（甜味剂)．“Ｃoｎｓuｍｅｒｓ’atｔitｕｄeｓtowａｒdsｓwｅeｔｅnersｈａvereaｌｌｙｃhanｇｅｄ.”saｉdHｏｗardＴelfoｒd,aniｎdusｔryanalyst.“Ｔhere’ｓaveｒyｎegatｉvepercｅptiｏnaboutartificiaｌｓｗeeteｎers．Thｅiｎduｓtryisstilltryinｇtogetｉtsheaｄａｒouｎdthis.”Comｍent1Ａddmetｏthｅｎuｍbeｒofpeoplｅaｄdicteｄtodｉeｔcolａswhoqｕｉｔdriｎkｉngsｏdaaltogｅther.IhｏnestlythｉｎksodaiｓaｄdiｃｔiveａndＩ’mhapｐynotｔobｅdrｉｎkingｉｔaｎｙmoｒe．Coｍmｅnt2Peｒhａpsthesloｗdownhassoｍethｉｎgmoretoｄowithｔheskyｒockeｔｉngcｏｓtofsoftdriｎkｓ.Commeｎｔ3ILOＶEｄiｅｔｄrinks！AmIunheaｌｔhy？Whokｎoｗs?IgｕａranteeＩhaveabetterpｈysiｑuethaｎmosｔ4３-year-oldmeｎ.Ｃｏmｍｅnt４Thｉsisaｓｉllyａndｓhaｌlowpiece.Thereａsｏnforｔhｅfａllｏfｆissiｍplytｈｅeｘpｌｏsioｎinｃonsumpｔｉｏnofbotｔlｅdwateｒsａnｄenergｙdｒｉnks.Ｃommenｔ5Aspｅopleleａｒnmoreａboutｈeａltｈandwｅlｌnesstheｙwillconsumelesssugar，ｌesssｏda,lｅssarｔificｉalｓｗeeteneｒs.41．WhatdoｗｅKｎowabouｔdietsodaｓａle?A.Itbeganｔoｕｎｄergｏagraｄualdroｐｓｔartｉngfｒom２023．B.Itwasontｈedeclｉneｓiｎcethe１990sｂｕtｉsontｈerisenow．C.Iｔｒeａcheditspeakiｎthe20２3ｓbｕtbegａnｔｏdropsiｎceｔheｎ.D.Ｉｔhａsｂeendecreaｓｉngｓｉncetｈe1９9０ｓ.42.Wｈatdoestheａutｈorthinkｏftheprospecｔsofdietsｏdａｓaｌe?A.Ｉｔwｉllcontinuｅｔoｄｒoｐ.B.Iｔwｉlｌｇetbettｅｒsoｏｎ.Ｃ.Ｉｔishaｒdtosａｙforsurｅ．ﻩD.Iｔmayｈaｖｅupsａnddownｓ．43.Ｗhichcｏmmentｇｉvｅsaｐersｏnaｌreａsonforｑuittingdｉｅｔcolａs?A.Commenｔ5. 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