高考总复习英语教师用书必修52UNIT2THEUNITEDKINGDOM

1．kingdomn． 王国2．provincen. 省；行政区3．clarifyvt. 澄清；阐明4．currencyn. 货币；通货5．institutionn. 制度；机制；公共机构6．nationwideadj. 全国性的；全国范围的7．architecturen. 建筑学；建筑艺术8．administrationn. 管理；行政部门9．portn. 港口(城市)10．faxn. 传真(机)vt. 用传真传输(文件)11．plusprep. 加上；和adj. 加的；正的；零上的12．weddingn. 婚礼13．royaladj. 王室的；皇家的；高贵的14．splendidadj. 壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的15．statuen. 塑像；雕像16．communismn. 共产主义17．thrillvt. 使激动；使胆战心惊18．errorn. 错误；过失；谬误1．accomplishvt. 完成；达到；实现2．conflictn. 矛盾；冲突3．unwillingadj. 不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)4．enjoyableadj. 令人愉快的；使人高兴的5．possibilityn. 可能(性)6．quarreln. 争吵；争论；吵架vi. 争吵；吵架7．sightseeingn. 观光；游览8．creditn. 信任；学分；赞扬；信贷9．countrysiden. 乡下；农村10．alikeadj. 相同的；类似的11．uniformn. 制服12．foldvt. 折叠；对折1．unitevi.&vt.联合；团结→unitedadj.团结的；联合的→unionn．联合；联盟；结合；协会2．conveniencen．便利；方便→convenientadj.方便的3．descriptionn．描写；描述→describevt.描述；形容；描绘4．attractvt.吸引；引起注意→attractionn．吸引；吸引力→attractiveadj.有吸引力的5．arrangevt.筹备；安排；整理→arrangementn．布置；整理6．delightn．快乐；高兴；喜悦vt.使高兴；使欣喜→delightedadj.高兴的；快乐的→delightfuladj.令人高兴的7．collectionn．收藏品；珍藏；收集→collectvt.收集8．furnishedadj.配备好装备的；带家具的→furnishvt.装修，布置→furnituren．家具，设备[用所给词的适当形式填空]1．WeChatisconvenienttousenowadays,butIsticktotextmessagingforitsgreatconvenience．(convenient)2．Hehadbeensearchingforafurnishedflatuntilonedayhefoundonethatwaswellfurnishedwithmodernfurniture．(furnish)3．Hedescribedtherobberyindetailtothepolicemanandhisdescriptionwasveryvaluable—thepolicecaughttherobberinashorttime.(describe)4．WhatattractsmemostinBeijingisthattherearemanyattractions,__liketheGreatWall,theSummerPalace.Theyaresoattractiveastoattracteyesfromeverycorneroftheworld.(attract)1．consist__of 由……组成2．o 把……分成3．break__away__(from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离4．to__one’s__credit 为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下5．leave__out 省去；遗漏；不考虑6．take__the__place__of 代替7．break__down (机器)损坏；破坏8．refer__to 谈到，说到；参考；涉及9．make__a__list__of 把……列出清单10．on__show 展览11．in__memory__of 为了纪念12．break__out 爆发[选用上面的短语填空]1．Duringthewar,hehadtobreak__away__fromhisfamilyandwentabroad.2．Tomissuchanexcellentleaderthatnobodycantake__the__place__ofhim.3．Themostimportantwordsinthissentencehavebeenleft__out,__soitdoesn’tmakeanysense.4．Wewerelateforthemeetingbecauseourcarbroke__downwhenwewereontheway.5．ThetownwasnamedafterMr.Smith,in__memory__ofhisgreatcontributionstoitsdevelopment.6．Ourcountryislikeabigfamily,consisting__offifty－sixnations.eq\a\vs4\al()仅“一字之差”的单词①statue雕像→status身份②affect影响→effect影响；效果③adapt适应→adopt收养④sweat汗水→sweet甜的⑤content内容→context上下文⑥march前进→match比赛⑦expand扩张→expend花费前缀a－高频表语形容词大全①alike 相同的；类似的②asleep 睡着的③alive 活的；有活力的④awake 醒着的⑤afraid 害怕的⑥ashamed 羞愧的“toone’s＋n.”必备短语荟萃①toone’scredit 为……带来荣誉②toone’sastonishment 令某人惊奇的是③toone’sdelight/joy 令某人高兴的是④toone’sdisappointment 令某人失望的是⑤toone’sregret 使某人感到遗憾的是⑥toone’sshame 使某人惭愧的是1．find＋sb./sth.＋过去分词NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.2．Itbe＋n.＋that从句，it作形式主语Itisapitythattheindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors.3．过去分词短语作原因状语Worriedaboutthetimeavailable,ZhangPingyuhadmadealistofthesitesshewantedtoseeinLondon.4．Itseemedstrangethat...shouldhavedone...意为“竟然……，这似乎太不可思议了”。ItseemedstrangethatthemanwhohaddevelopedcommunismshouldhavelivedanddiedinLondon.[句式仿写]1．站在塔顶，我发现自己被云雾包围着。Standingatthetopofthetower,Ifound__myself__surrounded__bycloudsandmists.2．遗憾的是他没有足够的钱开展这个计划。It__is__a__pity__thathedoesn’thaveenoughmoneytocarryouttheproject.3．陷入深思之中，他险些撞在前面的小汽车上。Lost__in__thought,__healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.4．看起来很奇怪，他竟然拒绝了我们提出的行之有效的建议。It__seemed__strange__thatheshould__have__rejectedthepracticalsuggestionputforwardbyus.conveniencen．便利，方便；便利的事物；便利设施(教材P10)Englandisthelargestofthefourcountries,andforconvenienceitisdividedroughlyintothreezones.英格兰是四个国家中最大的，为方便起见，它大体上分成三个区。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)forconvenience 为了方便起见atone’sconvenience 在某人方便的时候ifitsuitsone’sconvenience 如果某人方便(2)convenientadj. 方便的；便利的；合适的Itisconvenientforsb.todosth. 某人方便做某事。(3)inconveniencen. 不方便；不便inconvenientadj. 不方便的Wehopethatyouwillacceptourinvitationifitisconvenientforyou.＝Wehopethatyouwillacceptourinvitationifitsuitsyourconvenience.如果你方便的话，我们希望你能接受我们的邀请。[基础练习]——单句语法填空(1)(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Iwonderifitisconvenientforyou__to__join(join)meinvisitingtheexhibition.(2)Iwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldinformmeofyourdecisionsatyourearliestconvenience.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级(3)如果你方便的话，应该多进行户外运动，这有助于你保持良好的心态。①普通表达：Ifit__is__convenient__for__you,__youshoulddomoreoutdoorexercise.Itcancontributetoyourkeepingupagoodstateofmind.②高级表达：If__it__is__convenient__for__you,__you__should__do__more__outdoor__exercise,__which__can__contribute__to__your__keeping__up__a__good__state__of__mind.(定语从句)attractvt.吸引；引起注意(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Theexhibition,tobeheldintheCityHallofXi’an,lastsforsevendaysfromJune6thto12th,whichwillattractalargenumberofvisitorsathomeandabroad.从6月6日到12日持续七天的展览将在西安市政大厅举办，这将吸引来自国内外的大量游客。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)attractone’sattention/mind 吸引某人的注意力attractsb.tosth. 吸引某人关注某事(2)attractionn. 有趣的东西；吸引人之物(3)attractiveadj. 有吸引力的；引起注意的； 引起兴趣的Thecompanyisstartinganewadvertisingcampaigntoattractnewcustomerstoitsstores.这家公司发起了新一轮的广告活动来吸引新的顾客到其商店来。[基础练习]——单句语法填空(1)(2018·浙江宁海月考)TVshoppingisattractive(attract)becauseyoucanbuythingseasilywithoutgoingout.(2)To__attract(attract)moreconsumers,manyonlineshopsprovidegreatdiscountsonSingle’sDay.(3)TheTowerofLondonisoneofthemostpopulartouristattractions(attract)inLondon.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级(4)这个女孩被大自然的美景所吸引，因此她决定再在农场待两天。①普通表达：The__girl__was__attracted__by__the__beauty__of__nature,__soshedecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.②高级表达：Attracted__by__the__beauty__of__nature,__thegirldecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.(过去分词作状语)arrangevt.筹备；安排；整理(经典例句)Parentsarrangeeverythingfortheirchildrenandsparenoefforttopavethewayfortheirsuccess.父母为孩子们安排好一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)arrangesth.forsb. 为某人安排某事arrangetodosth. 安排做某事arrangefor...todosth. 安排……做某事arrangethat... 商定……；安排……(2)arrangementn. 安排；筹备makearrangementsfor... 为……安排好(2015·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)I’mpleasedtotellyouthatmyclassmatesandIhavearrangedavisittoanursinghome.我非常高兴地告诉你，我的同学和我已安排好去参观敬老院。Ican’taffordthetimetogotravellingwithyou.Ihavetomakearrangementsformyartexhibitionnextweek.我没有时间跟你去旅游。我必须为下星期自己的艺术展做安排。[基础练习]——单句语法填空(1)Thecompanywillarrangeforataxito__meet(meet)youattheairport.(2)Ifyouareinterested,pleasesignupattheofficebefore5：00p．m.nextThursdaysothatwewillmakenecessaryarrangements(arrange)．[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级(3)一切都已安排好了，晚会将在八点如期开始。①普通表达：Sinceeverythinghas__been__arrangedwell,theeveningpartywillbeginat8o’clockasplanned.②高级表达：With__everything__arranged__well,__theeveningpartywillbeginat8o’clockasplanned.(with复合结构)delightn．快乐；高兴；喜悦vt.(使)高兴；(使)欣喜(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)IamdelightedtoknowyouareinterestedinTangpoems.我知道你对唐诗很感兴趣非常高兴。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)delightsb.withsth. 用某物使某人高兴(2)take(great)delightin... 以……为乐toone’sdelight 使某人高兴的是(3)delightedadj. 高兴的；快乐的bedelightedat/by... 为某事而高兴bedelightedtodosth. 为做某事而高兴(2015·福建卷)WhatdelightedmewasthatIwaschosenfromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.令我高兴的是，我从几百位申请者中被选出来参加开幕式。[基础练习]——单句语法填空(1)Icannottellyouhowdelighted(delight)Iwaswiththebeautifulbirthdaypresentyougaveme.(2)Iamverydelightedto__tell(tell)yousomethingabouttheCollegeEntranceExamination.(3)Hewasverydelightedat/bythenewsthathewonthefirstprizeinthecompetition.[能力提升]——一句多译(4)我很高兴应邀前来贵校做演讲。①Iam__delightedtohavebeeninvitedtoyourschooltodeliveraspeech.(delighted)②Much__to__my__delight,__Ihavebeeninvitedtoyourschooltodeliveraspeech.(delightn．)③What__delights__meisthatIhavebeeninvitedtoyourschooltodeliveraspeech.(delightvt.)consistof由……组成(经典例句)Asweallknow,lifeconsistsofnotonlysunshinebutalsohardtimes.众所周知，生活中不仅有阳光，还有艰难困苦的时候。eq\a\vs4\al()bemadeupof 由……组成consistin＝liein 存在于；在于consistwith 与……一致/相符Fivepeoplemakeuptheteam;inotherwords,theteamismadeupof/consistsoffivepeople.五个人组成了这个团队。换句话说，这个团队是由五个人组成的。(福建卷书面表达)Successconsistsintheabilitytocontinueeffortsthroughfailures.成功在于经历失败而继续努力的能力。由consist组成的几个短语虽然都具有及物性，但是不能用于被动语态和进行时态。[巧学活用]——一句多译由15家小工厂组成的这家公司正面临着严重的财政危机。(1)Thecompanythat/which__consists__of15smallfactoriesisfacingaseriousfinancialcrisis.(定语从句)(2)Thecompanythat/which__is__made__up__of15smallfactoriesisfacingaseriousfinancialcrisis.(定语从句)(3)Thecompanyconsisting__of15smallfactoriesisfacingaseriousfinancialcrisis.(现在分词作定语)(4)Thecompanymade__up__of15smallfactoriesisfacingaseriousfinancialcrisis.(过去分词作定语)taketheplaceof代替(经典例句)Whenhissecretarywentonholiday,MissTysontooktheplaceofherforaweek.他的秘书去休假的时候，泰森小姐替了她一个星期。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)takeone’splace 代替；就位takeplace 发生(2)inplace 在适当的位置，适当inplaceof 代替Ourmanagerisgoingtoattendaninternationalconference.Youcantaketheplaceofhiminhisabsence.我们经理要去参加一个国际会议，在他不在的期间你可以代替他的位置。Asweallknow,the32ndSummerOlympicswilltakeplaceinTokyoin2020.众所周知，第32届夏季奥运会2020年将在东京举行。[巧学活用]——一句多译经理将要出差，我将代替他参加会议。(1)ThemanagerwillbeawayonbusinessandI’lltake__his__place__to__attendthemeeting.(2)ThemanagerwillbeawayonbusinessandI’lltake__the__place__of__him__to__attendthemeeting.(3)ThemanagerwillbeawayonbusinessandI’llattend__the__meeting__in__place__of__him．breakdown(机器)损坏，出故障；破坏；(谈判、希望、计划等)失败，破裂；(化学)分解；(身体)垮掉[一词多义]——写出下列句中breakdown的含义(1)Thepeacetalksbrokedownwithnoagreementreached.(谈判、计划等)失败(2)Yourhealthwillbreakdownifyoualwaysstayuplate.(身体)垮掉(3)ItwasbadluckthatmycarbrokedownonthewaytoBeijing.出故障(4)Plasticbagsaredifficulttobreakdown.(化学)分解eq\a\vs4\al()breakaway(from) 挣脱(束缚);脱离breakoff 中断；折断breakinto 闯入breakout 爆发；发生breakup 驱散；分散；打碎；分手[巧学活用]——用break的相关短语填空(1)UndernoconditionwilltheChineseallowTaiwantobreak__away__fromChina.(2)Theprintingmachinesarealwaysbreaking__down,__whichannoyshimalot.(3)Lastnightsomebodybroke__intoMr.White’shouseandtookawayalotofthings.(4)Inmyopinion,marriagebasedonmoneyisboundtobreak__up．conflictn．矛盾；冲突v．冲突；抵触eq\a\vs4\al()(1)inconflictwithsb. 与某人有冲突come/fallintoconflictwith... 与……产生冲突(2)conflictwith... 与……相冲突[单句语法填空](1)Itisreportedthatsomeworkersonstrikeconflicted(conflict)withthepolice.(2)Shefoundherselfinconflictwithherparentsoverherfuturecareer.leaveout省去，遗漏；不考虑eq\a\vs4\al()be/feelleftout 被忽视(冷落)/感到被忽视(冷落)leave...alone 不管；不顾；撇下……一个人leavebehind 留下；遗忘leavefor 动身前往(某处)leaveaside 搁置；不予考虑单句语法填空(1)Shewassosadbecauseshefailedinthemathtest.Let’sleaveheralone．(2)Theteacherstressedagainthatthestudentsshouldnotleaveoutanyimportantdetailswhileretellingthestory.(3)Asheapproachedthedoor,Mikelookedintotheroomagaintoseeifhehadleftanythingbehind．(教材P14)ItseemedstrangethatthemanwhohaddevelopedcommunismshouldhavelivedanddiedinLondon.这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)It＋seems/seemed＋adj.that...that...好像……，似乎……(2)should常用于主语从句中，表示“惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、理应如此”。常用句式有：Itisimportant/necessary/natural/strangethat...；Itisapity/ashamethat...等。Itisstrangethatthechildshouldhavemasteredsomuchvocabulary.真是奇怪，这位孩子竟然掌握了如此丰富的词汇。(福建卷书面表达)Itistruethatwemaysufferfromfailurefromtimetotime.However,itisimportantthatwe(should)notlosetheenthusiasmtokeepontrying.我们会因不时的失败而痛苦，这是事实。但是，重要的是我们不应该失去继续尝试的热情。[基础练习]——单句语法填空(1)Itisstrangethatheshould__have__done(do)suchsillythings.(2)It’sagreatpitythatthefamoussingershould__take(take)drugs.[能力提升]——高考小作文(3)(重庆卷书面表达)在我看来，在我们真实的生活中我们应该重视我们的朋友，而不是手机，这一点很重要。In__my__opinion,__it__is__important__that__we__(should)__value__our__friends__instead__of__phones__in__our__real__life.(教材P14)Worriedaboutthetimeavailable,ZhangPingyuhadmadealistofthesitesshewantedtoseeinLondon.由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把要去伦敦参观的景点列了一张单子。eq\a\vs4\al()句中worriedabout...为过去分词短语作状语，表原因。availableadj.可以利用的；可获得的；有空的。[单句语法填空/句式升级](1)Faced(face)withsuchadifficultsituation,wedon’tknowwhattodo.(2)Lost(lose)inthought,shedidnotseemtonoticethateveryonewaslookingather.(3)Becausehewasworriedthathemightlosehisjob,Peteralwaysworksextrahourstopleasehisboss.→Worriedthathemightlosehisjob,Peteralwaysworksextrahourstopleasehisboss.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单句语法填空1．Ashewasgettingthehorsereadytosetoff,hefoundtheroad____________(block)．答案：blocked2．Itseemsstrangethatthebosswhoownsalargecompany____________liveasimplelife.答案：should3．Thebetteryouunderstandthis,themoreeasilyand____________(enjoy)you’llachieveyourgoals.答案：enjoyably4．Ihatewarsand____________(conflict),becausetheystoppedchildrenfromgoingtoschool.答案：conflicts5．Herparentsarebusy____________(arrange)forherweddingceremony.答案：arranging6．Thereisno____________(possible)thathe’llattendthepartytomorrow.答案：possibility7．Thethreecountriesfoundthemselves____________(unite)peacefully.答案：united8．____________(divide)intofourgroups,thewholeclassbegantodiscussthetopic.答案：Divided9．Thisjobdoesn’tpaywell,butit’ll____________(rough)coveryourdailyexpenses.答案：roughly10．Thankyouforwritingandallowingme____________(clarify)thepresentposition.答案：toclarifyeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)单元语法——过去分词作宾补单句语法填空1．FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytoformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIreland____________(connect)inthesamepeacefulway.答案：connected2．Iamgoingtothehospitalthisafternoonandhavemyeyes____________(examine)．答案：examined3．Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimself____________(hear)．答案：heard4．Withalltheproblems____________(settle),hewenttothepartygladly.答案：settled5．Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcar____________(wash)．答案：washedeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材与语法填空根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheUnitedKingdom1.____________(consist)ofEngland,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland.Englandisthelargestandfor2.____________(convenient)itisdividedroughlyintothreezones.Londonisthecentreofnationalgovernmentanditsadministration,withitsfinemuseums,artcollections3.____________theoldestport.WhydidonlyNorthernIrelandjoinEngland?IntheearlytwentiethcenturytheEnglishgovernmenttriedtoformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIreland4.____________(connect)withoutconflict.However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwillingandbrokeaway5.____________(form)itsowngovernment.Totheircredit,thecountriesdoworktogetherinthecurrency,internationalrelationsandsoon,buttheystillhaveverydifferent6.____________(institution)．Itis7.____________pitythatinEnglandthe(industry)citiesdonotattractvisitors.Peoplecangototheolderbutsmallertowns(build)bytheRomansforhistoricalarchitectureandtothecountrysidegreatsceneryaswell.答案：5．toform10．foreq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)话题知识与写作(Ⅰ)根据提示翻译下列句子。1．众所周知，英国由英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰四个国家组成。(consistof)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Asweallknow,theU．K.consistsoffourcountries—England,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland.2．英格兰是四个国家中最大的一个。(largest)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Englandisthelargestoneofthefourcountries.3．英国位于欧洲西北部，英吉利海峡(theEnglishChannel)把它与欧洲大陆分开。(separate...from...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：TheU．K.liesinthenorthwestofEurope,whichisseparatedfromEuropebytheEnglishChannel.4．它的首都伦敦是欧洲最大和最具国际特色的城市。(international)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：ItscapitalLondonisEurope’slargestandmostinternationalcity.5．在那里有很多旅游景点，每年吸引着来自世界各地的游客。(touristattraction)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Therearelotsoftouristattractionsandtheyattractvisitorsfromallovertheworldeveryyear.(Ⅱ)将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Asweallknow,theU．K.consistsoffourcountries—England,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland,ofwhichEnglandisthelargestone.TheU．K.liesinthenorthwestofEurope,whichisseparatedfromEuropebytheEnglishChannel.ItscapitalLondonisEurope’slargestandmostinternationalcity,wheretherearelotsoftouristattractionsandtheyattractvisitorsfromallovertheworldeveryyear.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)阅读理解AInoureverydayliveswemeetsituationsinwhichwetakemanythingsforgranted.Weonlytreasurethingswhentheyaregone.Thisisasadtruthofhumannature.Oneday,Ifoundmyselfasawitnesstoasimilarsituation.Oneevening,Ileftworkandboardedthetrain.Afterentering,Inoticedsomethingunusual.Thecenterofthecarhadafewemptyseatswhilebothendswerecrowdedwithpeoplestanding.Ididn’tpaymuchattentionandsatdownononeoftheemptyseats.Isensedafunnysmell.Itwasn’tlongbeforeInoticedahomelesspersonsleepingonthreeseatsinfrontofme.Hewasbleedingfromhisnose.Whywasn’tanyonehelpinghim?Hisclothesweretornandhewasgivingoffastrangesmell.Alongwiththesmell,hiseyesweredull,watery,andred.Occasionallyhescratchedhimselfandpeoplelookedathimasifhehadcommittedacrime.Asthetrainstoppedatstationsandmorepeoplecameintheycoveredtheirnosesandfacedawayfromhim.Alltheseatsaroundhimwereempty.Suddenly,hebegantoswearatthepeoplearoundhim.Aplain-clothespoliceofficerwholookedlikeaconstructionworkertookouthiscertificateandshowedittothehomelessman.Theofficer,notwantingtotouchthehomelessman,toldhimhisrightsanddirectedhimtoexitthetrain.Astheofficerwalkedthemanoutofthetrain,thehomelessmanturnedaroundandsaid“MYHOME！”andstartedcrying.Amandoesn’tvaluethingsuntiltheyaregone.Ifhedidn’thaveahome,atleasthehadfreedom.Nowhehasneither.Noonewantstohelpsomeonewhowon’thelphimself.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。乘坐火车时，“我”发现了一个流浪汉，他衣衫褴褛，身上散发异味，乘客们避而远之。突然，他开始咒骂他周围的乘客。后来流浪汉被便衣警察带走，他不仅没有家，这一次还失去了自由。1．Whenenteringthecar,howdidtheauthorfeelatfirst?A．Annoyed. B．Puzzled.C．Sad. D．Calm.B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，车厢中部有一些空座位，而两头却挤满了站着的人；据此可以判断，“我”感到很困惑，故B项正确。2．Howdidpeoplereacttothehomelessman?A．Theycaughthimandcalledthepolice.B．Theycoveredhimwithcleanclothes.C．Theydislikedandavoidedhim.D．Theystaredathimcuriously.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，车厢中部有一些空座位，而两头却挤满了站着的人；根据第三段第三句可知，流浪汉偶尔抓挠自己，人们看着他，好像他曾经犯罪了一样；据此可以判断，人们不喜欢他，避免和他接触，故C项正确。3．Itcanbelearnedthatthepoliceman________．A．wasveryrudetothemanB．sentthemanbacktohishometownC．forcedthemantoleavethecityD．wentoffthetrainwiththemanD解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，警官最后带着这个流浪汉走下了火车，故D项正确。4．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthehomelessman?A．Heisaloseroflife.B．Heisworthourrespect.C．Heisveryfunny.D．Heisafearlessfighter.A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、第三句可知，如果他没有家，至少他还有自由，如今他两个都没有了。据此可以判断，他是一个生活的失败者，故A项正确。BAnewstudybytheBritishgovernmenthasdiscoveredthementalhealthofthecountry’steenagegirlshasbecomeworse.Thesurvey,whichincluded30，00014-year-oldstudentsin2005and2014,showed37percentofgirlswithpsychologicalstress,upfrom34percentinboys’stresslevelwasactuallyseentofalloverthesametimeperiod，from17percentto15percent.Thereport’sauthorspointedoutthe“adventofthesocialmediaage”couldbeamajorcontributingfactorforincreasedstressamongteenageBritishgirls.“Theadolescentyearsareatimeofrapidphysical，cognitive(认知的)andemotionaldevelopment，”PamRamsden,alecturerinpsychologyattheUniversityofBradfordintheUnitedKingdom,wroteinarecentblogpost.“Teenagersinteractwithpeopleinordertolearnhowtobecomecompetent(有能力的)thepast，theywouldengagewithparents，teachersandotheradultsintheircommunityaswellasextendedfamilymembersandfriends.Nowwecanalsoaddsocialmediatothatlistofsocialandemotionaldevelopment.”Throughoutadolescence，girlsandboysdevelopcharacteristicslikeconfidenceandself-teenagebrainshavenotcompletelydeveloped，teensdon’thavethecognitiveawarenessandimpulse(冲动)controltokeepfrompostinginappropriate，thiscontentcaneasilybespreadfarandwidewithdisastrousinfluences.“Socialmediacanalsofeedintogirls’insecuritiesabouttheirappearance，”Ramsdensitesareoftenfilledwithimagesofpeoplewithbodytypeunattainabletothenormal，theseimagesandthemessagestiedtothemgraduallybecomesocietalstandards.【解题导语】一项新研究发现，英国女孩的心理健康状况变得更糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的到来可能是造成英国女孩心理压力加大的主要因素。5．Thestatisticsinthesecondparagraphshowthat________．A．moreandmorechildreninBritainhavementalhealthproblemsB．fewgirlsinBritainsufferedfrompsychologicalstressin2005C．moreboysinBritainaresufferingfrommentalpressurenowD．moreBritishgirlsfeelpsychologicallystressedthanboysdonowD解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句可知，调查显示，2014年37%的英国女孩有心理压力，而2005年只有34%；根据第二段的第二句可知，同期调查显示，英国男孩有心理压力的从2005年的17%降到2014年的15%。据此可以判断，英国女孩有心理压力的比男孩多，故D项正确。6．Contrarytotraditionalwaysofinteraction,socialmedia________．A．helpsteenagersdevelopqualitieslikeconfidenceandself-controlB．hasmanynegativeeffectsongirls’characteristicdevelopmentC．makesteensawareofpotentialdangeroftheinappropriatecontentD．teachesgirlstocareabouttheirappearancetomeetsocietalstandardsB解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的最后一句和最后一段第一句的“Socialmediacanalsofeedintogirls’insecuritiesabouttheirappearance”可知，由于青少年的思想还不成熟，自控能力有限，社交媒体对英国女孩的心理健康和她们对外表美丑的判断产生了消极的影响。故B项正确。7．Theunderlinedword“advent”inParagraph3canbereplacedby“________”．A．arrival B．endC．disappearance D．inventionA解析：词义猜测题。结合该段内容和下文关于传统交流方式和社交媒体的比较可知，报告的作者指出，“社交媒体时代的到来”可能是造成英国女孩心理压力增加的主要因素。据此可知，画线词意为“到来”，故A项正确。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)七选五(2018·杭州高三模拟)Collegevisitsareimportant.1.________.Also,beforeyoucommityearsofyourlifeandthousandsofdollarstoaschool,makesureyou’rechoosingaplacethatsuitsyoubest.Belowareafewtipsforgettingthemostoutofyourcollegevisit.?Exploreonyourown2．________.Sotrytowalktheextramilesandgetthecompletepictureofthecampusonyourown.Whenyouvisitthestudentcenter,academicbuildingsandresidencehalls,takeafewminutestoreadthebulletinboards(告示板).Theyprovideaquickandeasywaytoseewhat’shappeningoncampus.?EatinthedininghallandsleepinthedormYoucangetagoodfeelforstudentlifebyeatinginthedininghall.Isthefoodgood?Arethereadequatehealthyoptions?Andifit’satallpossible,spendanightatthecollege.3.________．?4.________Ifyouknowwhatyouwanttostudy,haveaconferencewithaprofessorandstudentsinthatfield.You’llgettoobserveotherstudentsinyourfieldandseehowengagedtheyareinclassroomdiscussion.Theywillgiveyouanopportunitytoseeifthemajorreallymatchesyou.5.________.Lastly,ifyou’recomparingseveralschools,besuretorecordyourfeelingsduringthevisit.Theymayhelpyoucarryonfurtherstudybeforemakingyourfinaldecision.A．Youcan’tgetthe“feel”ofaschoolfromanyguidebookB．Forone,theyhelpdemonstrateyourinterestinaschoolC．Thetrainedtourguideswillshowyouaschool’ssellingpointsD．Mostcollegesdon’tallowvisitorstodropinonclassu