2022年高考全国乙卷英语试题及参考答案

第第页2022年高考全国乙卷英语试题及参考答案第一部分听力〔略〕

第二部分阅读理解〔共两节，总分值40分〕

第一节〔共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分〕

阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。

A

HenryRaeburn(1756—1823)

TheE*hibition

Thise*hibitionofsomesi*tymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland’sbestlovedpainter,SirHenryRaeburn,comestoLondon.Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajore*hibitionofhisworktobeheldinoverfortyyears.

LectureSeries

ScottishNationalPortrait(肖像画)Gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneralpublic.TheyareheldintheLectureRoom.Admissiontolecturesisfree.

E*hibitionTimes

Monday—Saturday10.00—17.45Sunday12.00—17.45

Lastadmissiontothee*hibition:17.15.Thereisnore-admission.

Closed:24—26Decemberand1January

Admission

￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.

SchoolsandColleges

Aspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.

21.WhatistherighttimeforattendingRaeburn’sEnglishContemporaries?

A.Sun.26Oct.B.Thurs.30Oct.C.Thurs.6Nov.D.Thurs.13Nov.

22.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?

A.￡4.B.￡8.C.￡12.D.￡16.

23.Howcanfull-timestudentsgetgroupdiscounts?

A.TheyshouldgoonSundaymornings.B.Theyshouldcomefromartschools.

C.Theymustbeledbyteachers.D.TheymusthaveIDcardswiththem.

B

In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—

DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRocky

Mountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmith

College.Theyworee*pensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUne*pectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter.

Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.

Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.

InWickenden’sbook,shee*pandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牵涉)drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.

Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism(坚忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:“Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:fo*es,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”

24.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?

A.Toteachinaschool.B.TostudyAmericanhistory.

C.Towriteabook.D.Todosightseeing.

25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?

A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.

C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysufferedseverehardships.

26.WhichpartofWickenden’swritingishair-raising?

A.Thee*tremeclimateofAuburn.B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.

C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.

27.Whatisthete*t?

A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Achildren’sstory.D.Adiaryentry.

C

Canasmallgroupofdrones(无人机)guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday’s“eyesinthesky”technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure(基础设施)worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.

Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoe*aminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient(高效)acrosstheboard.

Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendappro*imately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews’efforts.

Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon’tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.

Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.

28.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?

A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.

B.Drones’abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.

C.Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones.

D.Drones’reliableperformanceinremoteareas.

29.Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?

A.Personnelsafety.B.Assistancefromdrones.

C.Inspectionandrepair.D.Constructionofinfrastructure.

30.Whatfunctionise*pectedoftheraildrones?

A.Toprovideearlywarning.B.Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.

C.Toearnprofitsforthecrews.D.Toacceleratetransportation.

31.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthete*t?

A.WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDrones

B.HowProductionofDronesCanBeE*panded

C.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFace

D.HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailways

D

TheGovernment’ssugarta*onsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyasMinisterfirstpredicteditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhasshown.

FirstannouncedinApril,2022,theta*whichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity(肥胖).Itisbelievedthattoday’schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.

Initiallythesugarta*wase*pectedtomake￡520mayearfortheTreasury.However,dataofthefirstsi*monthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.Atpresentitise*pectedtogenerate￡240mfortheyearendinginApril2022,whichwillgotoschoolsports.

Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturers(制造商)sotheycanavoidpayingtheta*.Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers’effortstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugarcontent.

However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugarta*andarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeoftheta*,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.

Today’sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugarta*ishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities(设施)andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthene*tgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.

32.Whywasthesugarta*introduced?

A.Tocollectmoneyforschools.B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.

C.Toprotectchildren’shealth.D.Toencourageresearchineducation.

33.Howdidsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugarta*?

A.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.B.Theyraisedthepricesoftheirproducts.

C.Theycutdownontheirproduction.D.Theyreducedtheirproducts’sugarcontent.

34.Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugarta*collected?

A.Mostalcoholicdrinks.B.Milk-baseddrinks.

C.Fruitjuices.D.ClassicCoke.

35.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugarta*policy?

A.Itisashort-sighteddecision.B.Itisasuccessstory.

C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D.Itupsetscustomers.

第二节〔共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分〕

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustain(保持)long-distancefriendships.

Setaregulardate

Long-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact(联系)andsharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.36.

Moreisn’talwaysmerrier

Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.37.Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.

Practiseempathy(共情)

38.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.

39Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.

Althoughtechnologymightmakeday-to-daycommunicationpossible,e*traeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends’birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.

Don’trelyontechnologyalone

40,butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.

A.Rememberimportantdates

B.Compensatebywritingletters

C.Itisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeper

D.Trytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoit

E.Friendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunication

F.Itiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmedia

G.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind

第三部分语言知识运用〔共两节，总分值45分〕

第一节〔共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分〕

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。

Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.Forthem,there’ssomethinghighlye*citingabout41someoneelse’sglanceandmakingoneselfunabletobeseen.

However,weallwitnessthatpreschoolchildrenareremarkably42athiding.Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodies43.

Foralongtime,thisineffectivehidingmethodwas44asevidencethatchildrenarehopelessly“egocentric”(自我中心的)creatures.Butour45researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology46thatidea.

Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2—4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.

Each47satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesor48.Wethenaskedthechildifshecould49orheartheadult.Surprisingly,childrenrepliedthattheycouldn’t.Thesame50happenedwhentheadultcoveredherownmouth:51childrensaidthattheycouldn’t52toher.

Anumberof53ruledoutthatthechildrenmisunderstoodwhattheywerebeingasked.Theresultswereclear:Ouryoungsubjects54thequestionsandknew55whatwasaskedofthem.Their56tothequestionsreflectedtheirtrue57that“Icanseeyouonlyifyoucanseeme,too.”Theysimply58mutual(相互的)recognitionandregard.Our59suggestwhenachild“hides”byputtingablanketoverherhead,itisnotaresultofegocentrism.Infact,childrenconsiderthismethod60whenothersuseit.

41.A.followingB.takingC.escapingD.directing

42.A.cleverB.badC.scaredD.quick

43.A.e*posedB.e*aminedC.untouchedD.imbalanced

44.A.supportedB.guaranteedC.imaginedD.interpreted

45.A.disappointingB.mi*edC.surprisingD.desired

46.A.e*plainedB.confirmedC.contradictedD.tested

47.A.parentB.childC.researcherD.doctor

48.A.feetB.noseC.handsD.ears

49.A.seeB.helpC.reachD.fool

50.A.eventB.thingC.actionD.accident

51.A.YetB.NowC.SoonD.Once

52.A.speakB.listenC.turnD.wave

53.A.instructionsB.descriptionsC.e*perimentsD.assumptions

54.A.comprehendedB.predictedC.e*ploredD.ignored

55.A.partlyB.honestlyC.vaguelyD.e*actly

56.A.responsesB.approachesC.contributionD.sensitivity

57.A.abilityB.beliefC.identityD.purpose

58.A.holdbackB.relatetoC.insistonD.makeup

59.A.limitationsB.requirementsC.theoriesD.findings

60.A.tentativeB.impressiveC.creativeD.effective

第二节〔共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分〕

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamedofficially61theUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2022.Tocelebrate62festival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.

ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety63(address)theopeningceremony.“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe64(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasa65(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha66(share)futureformankind,”hesaid.

The“FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative”issued(发布)attheceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromoteinternationalcooperation67culturale*changes.Afour-yearteapromotion—TeaRoadCooperativePlan—wasalsoissuedinaccordancewiththeinitiative.

68(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,69(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-si*hoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.

TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,opening70(it)firste*hibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialE*hibitionofPu’erTea.

第四部分写作〔共两节，总分值35分〕

第一节短文改错〔共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分〕

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号〔∧〕，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线〔\〕划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

留意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者〔从第11处起〕不计分。

Weallknowthatcyclingisagreatlye*ercise.Adoctortellsmepeoplewholivesthelongestaredancersandcyclists.Maybeitisbecausethecombinationoffreshair,smoothmovementande*ercise.Whetheryourideabicycle,youdon’tusepetrol.Sotheyarenotproducingcarbondio*ideandnotcauseairpollution.Justseehowcarshavebeentakenoverourcities.Theyoftenrunathighspeeds,whatmayputourlivesindanger.Andthereweretrafficjams,too.Ourcitieswillbebetterplacesifwereplacecarswithbicycle.

第二节书面表达(总分值25分)

学校英文报正在开展以LearningEnglishBeyondtheClassroom为题的争论。请运用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：

1.学习活动状况描述；

2.简约评论；

3.你的建议。

留意：

1.词数100左右；

2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。

参考答案

第二部分阅读理解

21.B22.B23.C24.A25.D

26.C27.B28.B29.C30.A

31.D32.C33.D34.D35.B

36.D37.E38.G39.A40.F

第三部分语言知识运用

第一节

41.C42.B43.A44.D45.C

46.C47.B48.D49.A50.B

51.B52.A53.C54.A55.D

56.A57.B58.C59.D60.D

第二节

61.by62.the63.addressed64.largest65.responsibility

66.shared67.and68.Tostrengthen69.inviting70.its

第四部分写作

第一节

第一句：greatly→great

第二句：lives→live

第三句：because后加of

第四句：Whether→When

第五句：they→you?cause→causing

第六句：去掉been

第七句：what→which

第八句：were→are

第九句：bicycle→bicycles

第一部分听力〔略〕

第二部分阅读理解〔共两节，总分值40分〕

第一节〔共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分〕

阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。

A

HenryRaeburn(1756—1823)

TheE*hibition

Thise*hibitionofsomesi*tymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland’sbestlovedpainter,SirHenryRaeburn,comestoLondon.Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajore*hibitionofhisworktobeheldinoverfortyyears.

LectureSeries

ScottishNationalPortrait(肖像画)Gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneralpublic.TheyareheldintheLectureRoom.Admissiontolecturesisfree.

E*hibitionTimes

Monday—Saturday10.00—17.45Sunday12.00—17.45

Lastadmissiontothee*hibition:17.15.Thereisnore-admission.

Closed:24—26Decemberand1January

Admission

￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.

SchoolsandColleges

Aspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.

21.WhatistherighttimeforattendingRaeburn’sEnglishContemporaries?

A.Sun.26Oct.B.Thurs.30Oct.C.Thurs.6Nov.D.Thurs.13Nov.

22.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?

A.￡4.B.￡8.C.￡12.D.￡16.

23.Howcanfull-timestudentsgetgroupdiscounts?

A.TheyshouldgoonSundaymornings.B.Theyshouldcomefromartschools.

C.Theymustbeledbyteachers.D.TheymusthaveIDcardswiththem.

B

In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—

DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRocky

Mountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmith

College.Theyworee*pensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUne*pectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter.

Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.

Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.

InWickenden’sbook,shee*pandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牵涉)drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.

Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism(坚忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:“Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:fo*es,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”

24.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?

A.Toteachinaschool.B.TostudyAmericanhistory.

C.Towriteabook.D.Todosightseeing.

25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?

A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.

C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysufferedseverehardships.

26.WhichpartofWickenden’swritingishair-raising?

A.Thee*tremeclimateofAuburn.B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.

C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.

27.Whatisthete*t?

A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Achildren’sstory.D.Adiaryentry.

C

Canasmallgroupofdrones(无人机)guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday’s“eyesinthesky”technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure(基础设施)worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.

Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoe*aminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient(高效)acrosstheboard.

Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendappro*imately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews’efforts.

Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon’tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.

Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.

28.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?

A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.

B.Drones’abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.

C.Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones.

D.Drones’reliableperformanceinremoteareas.

29.Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?

A.Personnelsafety.B.Assistancefromdrones.

C.Inspectionandrepair.D.Constructionofinfrastructure.

30.Whatfunctionise*pectedoftheraildrones?

A.Toprovideearlywarning.B.Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.

C.Toearnprofitsforthecrews.D.Toacceleratetransportation.

31.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthete*t?

A.WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDrones

B.HowProductionofDronesCanBeE*panded

C.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFace

D.HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailways

D

TheGovernment’ssugarta*onsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyasMinisterfirstpredicteditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhasshown.

FirstannouncedinApril,2022,theta*whichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintrodu