英语人教版八年级下册Unit3SectionB2a2b

Unit3SectionBPeriod2(2a-3b)Talkaboutwhetherkidsshoulddochoresornot

讨论孩子是否应该做家务Shareyourviewswithothers

跟他人分享你的观点ObjectivesbuysomedrinksandsnacksReviewborrowsomemoneycleanyourroominvitemyfriendstoapartymakeyourbedShouldparentsasktheirkidsto

do

chores?Doyouagree?Why?FreeTalkIs

it

cool

to

make

kids

do

chores?Do

your

classmates

have

any

house

chores?What

can

yourclassmates

learn

from

doing

chores?How

can

you

make

chores

more

fun?Discussthequestionswithyourpartner.2a1.Whatdoyouoftendotohelpyourparentsathome?2.Doyouthinkkidsshouldhelpoutwithchoresathome?2bSkimthefollowingletters.Whichoneagreesandwhichonedisagrees?TheletterfromMs.Millerdisagrees;theletterfromMr.Smithagrees.略读(skimming)是常用的阅读方法之一，其主要特征是选择性地阅读。通常的阅读要求看到每一个词，但skimming是只看主要大意的速读，在第一遍阅读时抓住文章大意是非常重要的。MarkTrueorFalse.1.Ms.Millerthinkskidsshoulddochoresathome.2.AccordingtoMs.Miller’sletter,shedoesn’tthinkhouseworkisawasteofkids’time.3.Ms.MillerandMr.Smithhavedifferentideasondoingchores.4.Mr.Smiththinksitisusefultodochores.FFTTReadthetwolettersagainandunderlinethereasonsgivenbythewriterstosupporttheirviews.Thenworkinpairstocompleteactivity2c.2cAccordingtoMs.MillerandMr.Smith,whataretheprosandconsaboutkidsdoingchores?ProsConsDoingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren’sindependence.Houseworkisawasteofchildren’stime.Itteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.Childrenalreadyhaveenoughstressfromschool.ProsConsIthelpsthemtounderstandtheideaoffairness.Itisgoodfortheirfuture.Theyhavenotimetostudyanddohousework.Theirjobnowistobestudents.Theywilldohouseworkinthefuture.Itistheparents’jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.Readthelettersandcirclethephrasesinthem.1.awasteoftime2.thereisnoneedfor…to3.donotmind4.spendtimeon5.inorderto6.itisnotenoughto7.theearlier…thebetter2dWriteonesentencewitheachphrasefromtheletters.1.awasteoftime_____________________________________2.thereisnoneedfor…to__________________________________________________________________________3.donotmind_____________________________________4.spendtimeon_____________________________________Computergamesareawasteoftime.Thereisnoneedforhertogotothemarketeveryday.Idonotminddoingthedishes.Iliketospendtimeonmyhobby.5.inorderto__________________________________________________________________________6.itisnotenoughto_____________________________________7.theearlier…thebetter__________________________________________________________________________WeshouldreadmorebooksinordertoimproveourEnglish.Itisnotenoughtojustdogrammarexercises.Theearlierachildstartslearninganewlanguage,thebetterhewillbeatit.Discussion2eDiscussthequestionswithapartner.1.Whichletterdoyouagreewith?Why?2.Whatwouldyousaytothepersonwhowrotetheletteryoudon’tagreewith?3aDoyouthinkchildrenshoulddosomechoresathome?Whyorwhynot?Discussthiswithapartnerandtakenotes.Childrenshoulddochoresbecause…Childrenshouldnotdochoresbecause…Childrenshoulddochoresbecauseinthiswaytheycanmaketheirparentsrelaxed.Inmyopinion,manyparentsarebusywiththeirworkandsometimestheydon’thavetoomuchtimetodothehousework.Soifchildrenhelptheirparentswithsomehouseworkwhenthey’refree,theirparentsmustbeveryhappyandrelaxed.Thesearemyopinions;howaboutyours?Howtowritealetter?信头：发信人地址和日期这部分中有时可省去发信人地址，但一般要写日期。放在信纸的右上方。2.称呼：对收信人的尊称最普通的是Dear，但与Mr，Mrs，Miss等不同的是：Dear后一般用名字，而Mr、Mrs、Miss后不能单独用名字，而只能是姓或姓与名，比如：对JohnSmith的称呼，应该是MrSmith，MrJohnSmith或DearJohn称呼后面可用逗号或者冒号。3.信的正文4.结尾：发信人对收信人的谦称或敬语，放在信的右下方。

这部分要特别注意英语习惯，不可根据汉语意思写上诸如“此致敬礼”、“祝您健康”之类的中国式的结尾语。常用的英语书信结尾语如下：

写给同龄人或年长的朋友：Yours

sincerely,Sincerelyyours,Yours,

写给好朋友：Love,Withlove,

Bestwishes,…

写给亲戚：Love,Withlove,Your(ever)

lovingson

(sister…)5.签名

签名一般在结尾语的下面一行。6.常见的私人信件的开头方式：

高兴：Iwassoglad/pleased/happytoreceiveyourletter.

感谢：Thankyouforyourwonderfulgift/yourinterestingletter.

关心与询问：Howareyouthesedays?/Howareyougettingonthesedays?/Howareyougettingonwithyourwork/studies?

抱歉：IamsorrythatIdidnotwritetoyousoonerbutIhavebeenverybusythesedays.3bWritealettertotheSundayMailandexpressyouropinion.DearSirorMadam,Ithink/believethat______________________Iagree/disagreethat_____________________Ithinkitisfair/unfairforchildrento_______Ithinkchildrenshould/shouldnot__________Because_________________________________Forexample,theyshould/shouldnot________Because_________________________________Yourstruly,____________WritingDearSirorMadam,Ibelievethatchildrenshoulddosomechoresathome.Idisagreethatchildren’sonlyjobistostudyhardanddowellatschool.Ofcourseitisimportantforchildrentostudyhard.However,Ithinkitisunfairforchildrentoexpecttheirparentstoworkhardoutsideanddoallthehouseholdchores,too.Ithinkchildrenshouldatleastdosomesimplechorestohelptheirbusyparents.

Forexample,theyshouldmaketheirownbedsandcleantheirownroomsbecausetheyaretheoneswhousethese.Theymaynothavetimetohelpwiththeotherpartsofthehouse,buttheyshouldtrytoberesponsiblefortheirownarea.Thiswillhelpthemtogrowuptobeindependentandresponsibleadults.Yourstruly,ChenShi1.Doyouthinkkidsshouldhelpoutwithchoresathome.help(sb.)out(withsth.)给予帮助Youneverhelpoutaroundthehouse.

你从不帮忙干家务。Canyouhelpmeout?

你能帮我一把吗？help…with…帮助……(做)……

help…do…帮助……做……

HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.=HeoftenhelpsmestudyEnglish.

他经常帮助我学习英语。拓展

helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事

Canyouhelpme(to)learnEnglish?

你能帮助我学英语吗？

helponeself(to)自用/请随意吃(……)

Helpyourselftothefish.请随便吃鱼。

beofsome/no/muchhelptosb.(名词)对某人有些/没有/很有帮助

Thisbookisofgreathelptome.

这本书对我很有帮助。Ilike______mymother______thehousework.

A.help;withB.helping;withC.helped;todoD.helps;doB王老师说他会帮助我们克服数学难题。

MrWangsaidhewould_______us________withmathsproblems.我经常帮助妈妈在家打扫卫生。

Ioften____________________________athome.helpouthelpmymotherdosomecleaning翻译填空（2016•南京）Ifeveryonethinksaboutpollutionandrecycling,wecanprotecttheairandhelp__________（救）ourworld．【解析】根据题干可知句意为：如果每个人都考虑污染和循环利用，我们就能保护空气和帮助拯救我们的世界。help(to)

dosth.帮助做某事；save，救，挽救，动词。故填(to)

save。(to)

save2.Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertoget…spendv.

度过，花费Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.

这道数学题花了我两个小时的时间。Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.他们花了两年的时间建造这座桥。spend的主语通常是人常用的搭配有:spendsometime/moneyonsth.

在……上花费时间(金钱)spendsometime/money(in)doingsth.

花费时间(金钱)做某事（in可以省略）[辨析]

表示“花费”的词，除了spend外，还有take，pay与cost。cost的主语通常是物或某项活动。如:Thiscomputercostmealotofmoney.

这台电脑花了我很多钱。

take的主语通常是it或某项活动。Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.意思是“做某事花了某人多少时间”。如:Ittookthemthreeyearstofinishtheprogramme.

他们用了三年时间才完成这个项目。pay的主语一般是人，基本用法是：

pay+名(人)+名(款)+(for名)=pay+名(款)+to名(人)+(for名)为了(某事，物)付(款)给(某人)Didyoupayhim100dollarsforthatoldbike?=Didyoupay100dollarstohimforthatoldbike?你付给他100美元买他那辆旧自行车了吗？payforsth.付……的钱payforsb.替某人付钱paysb.付钱给某人paymoneyback还钱payoffone’smoney还清钱1.---Howdoyoucometoschool?---Bybike.Takingabusmay_____muchmoney.Andwalking______toomuchtime.A.take,paysB.cost,takesC.pay,costsD.pay,takes2.Sheusually_______muchtimeshoppinginthesupermarkets.A.spendsB.costsC.takesD.pays3.Americanstudentsspend______time______homeworkthanChinesestudents.A.fewer,doingB.less,todoC.less,doingD.least,doingBAC—Itwill_____onlyabout50minutestotraveltoMountWuyibyhigh-speedrailway.—Wow,howexciting!Ican’twait.（2015福州）A.takeB.spendC.costA中考链接－It’sreportedthatChinese_____morethan40minutesadayreadingWeChat(微信).－It’strue.ButIthinkWeChatistakingtoomuchofourtime.（2015襄阳）A.spendB.costC.payD.takeAin

order

to

后接动词原形，表示目的，意思是“为了……”。如：

Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.

他起得很早，为了赶上头班车。

Heworksveryhardinordertocatchupwithothers.

为了赶上别人，他努力学习。Nancyclosedthewindows___________(为了)keeptheroomwarm.Thegirlstoodonthechairin

order

to________(reach)thetoycaronthetopshelf.in

order

toreach3.Itistheparents’jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortable…It为形式主语，动词不定式toprovide…才是真正的主语。Itisone’sjob(duty…)todosth.做某事是某人的工作（职责等）It’severyteacher’sjobtoexplainthingsclearlytothestudents.

把东西给学生讲明白是一位老师应该做的。

provide作及物动词，意思为“提供”,其后可跟双宾语，即providesb.sth.表示“给某人提供某物”，也可说成providesb.withsth.或providesth.forsb.。这三种表达法可进行同义句转换。如：Therichmanwantstoprovidethepoorchildrensomenecessarybooksandstationery.

这位有钱人想给贫困的孩子们提供一些必要的书籍和文具。

Theyprovidedthevisitorswithlotsofinformation.

他们为参观者提供了大量的信息。---Couldyoupleaseprovideus______someinformationaboutthestudents’health?

---Ofcourse,it’smypleasure.

A.toB.ofC.fromD.with【解析】介词的用法。providesb.withsth.意为“向某人提供某物”，为固定短语。故选D。

参加篮球比赛能给我们提供学习团队精神的机会。Playingbasketballgamescan_____________withchances_________________.provideustolearnteamspiritsWhynot__________________________(给他提供信息)aboutstudentexchangeprograms?(provide)providehimwithinformation（2016·广西防城港、玉林、崇左）Somepeoplethinkit’stheparents’jobto_____theirchildren_____acleanandcomfortableenvironmentathome.A.offer,toB.offer,withC.provide,withD.provide,to－HowisTomnow?

－Ihearthecompany_____himagoodjob,butherefusedit.（2015呼和浩特）A.providedB.offeredC.passedD.introduced【解析】句意：——现在汤姆怎么样了？——我听说这家公司提供给他一份好工作，但是他拒绝了。providesb.withsth.“提供给某人某物”。offersb.sth.“提供给某人某物”；

passsb.sth.“递给某人某物”；

introducesth./sb.“介绍某物或某人”。根据空格后面接的是双宾语him和agoodjob可知此处用动词offer。故选B。

【2013江苏宿迁】It’s

reported

that

the

Chinese

government

provides

free

milk

powder

(奶粉)

________children

in

poor

areas.

A.

with

B.

for

C.

to

D.

By

【解析】考查动词词组的用法。provide

sb.

with

sth.

=provide

sth.

for

sb.，意为“为某人提供某物”，故答案选B。

provide,give都有“给”的意思，其区别是：1.give指无需偿还地把金钱、物品、时间、麻烦等有形或无形的东西“送给、授予、供给”某人;provide主要指为某人、某物或某事“提供、供应”某物品,尤指生活必需品。例如:Iwouldliketogivehimachance.

我想给他一个机会。4.Andanyway,…Idonotminddoingthem.anywayadv.反正；仍然；依然Samdidn’tgetthejob,buthe’snotunhappybecauseitdidn’tpaywellanyway.萨姆没有得到那份工作，但他并没有闷闷不乐，反正薪酬也不算高。anyway还可表示“不管怎样，无论如何”。Iamcominganyway,nomatterwhatyousay.不管你怎么说，我无论如何都要来。Idon'tthinktheyneedhelp,butIthinkIshouldofferanyway.我认为他们无须帮助，不过我想我应有所表示。mind

doing

sth.

介意做某事Doyoumindhelpingus?

请你帮我们一下忙好吗?makeupone’smind决定，决心changeone’smind改变主意never

mind

别介意拓展—Sohotintheclassroom.Wouldyoumind_______thewindows?—OK.I’lldoitrightnow.

A.tocloseB.toopenC.opening[解析]此处考查固定搭配minddoingsth.，mind后面加-ing形式，故选C。【2013四川宜宾】—Wouldyoumind______inthedininghall?—Ofcoursenot.A.nottosmoke B.notsmoking C.smoke D.notsmoke【解析】mind(not)doingsth.意为“介意（不）做某事”，故选B。5.…dependontheirparentstoomuch.dependv.依赖；依靠dependon依赖；依靠Childrendependontheirparentsforfoodandclothing.小孩依赖他们的父母供给衣食。We

dependon

theradiofornews.

我们靠收音机听新闻。万物生长靠太阳。

Alllivingthings_________thesunfortheirgrowth.Thepriceofthecomputer________whatkindyouwanttobuy.

A.goesonB.takesafterC.dependsonD.looksafterdependonC（2016•湖北）---Areyougoingtohaveaparttimejobduringthesummervacation?---Yes.IthinkIshouldn’talways______myparentssinceI’vegrownup.A.fightagainstB.arguewithC.hearfromD.dependon【解析】fightagainst反对，对抗；arguewith争辩，与…争论；hearfrom收到…的来信，听到；dependon依赖，依靠。根据上下文，可知找兼职，是不想总依赖父母。应该用dependon依赖，依靠；故选D。Dn.依赖；信赖n.独立；自主adj.依靠的；依赖的adj.独立的；自主的dependenceindependencedependentindependent6.…helpstodevelopchildren’sindependence…developv.发展；壮大Wemustdoourbesttodevelopthenationaleconomy.我们必须努力发展国民经济。Asmallseedcandevelopintoatalltree.

一粒小小的种子能长成一棵大树。

developmentn.发展；生长；进展Goodsleephelpsthebodyandbraingrowand______________(发展).Itishelpfulto________agoodhabitofreadinginlanguagelearning.A.takeB.showC.developD.matchdevelopCItisnecessaryforeveryoneto_____agoodhabitofreading.（2015济宁）A.enjoyB.chooseC.developD.acceptC7.Sincetheyliveinourhousewiththeirparents…sinceconj.因为，既然，由于(引导原因状语从句)Sinceyouaresosureofit,he'llbelieveyou.

既然你对此这么有把握，他会相信你的。Sinceyoucan'tanswerthequestion,perhapswe'dbetterasksomeoneelse.既然你无法回答这个问题，我们最好再问问别人。[辨析]because,since作连词均含有“因为”之意。because的语意强，着重直接的原因或理由，所引出的从句是全句的重心，用以回答why提出的问题。since语意比because弱，一般用于表示“由于大家已知的事实”。（2016•无锡）Couldyouhelpmewithhousework_____youarefreetoday?A.sinceB.thoughC.unlessD.until【解答】根据设空处前的句意“你能帮我做家务吗”和后面的“你今天有空”可以推测选项中的since可以把连个句子连起来，构成句子的句意是“既然你今天有空，你能帮我做家务吗？”，表示“既然”用since。故选A。AMissLinhastaughtusEnglish_____wecametothisschool.（2015重庆B卷）A.forB.sinceC.beforeD.whenBtakecareof“照看；照顾”，相当于lookafter，其后可直接接名词或代词作宾语。He'soldenoughtotakecareofhimself.他长大了，能照顾自己了。takecare当心；保重Youmusttakecareinbusycitystreets.在繁忙的城市街道上你必须要当心。8.…howtotakecareofthemselves.

Please________myhousewhileI'maway.A.takecareB.takeoutC.takecareofD.takeback题意：我离开期间请帮我照看我的房子。takecare当心；takeout取出；takecareof照顾；takeback带回。根据题意可知选C。9.Asaresult,heoftenfellillandhisgradesdropped.asaresult“结果”，后面接的内容表示结果；asaresultof“……的结果，由于”，后面接的内容表示原因，相当于becauseof。如:Hedidn’tworkhard.Asaresult,hefailedhisexam.Asaresult,AudreyHepburnwonanOscarforBestActressforherroleinthefilmRomanHoliday.Wehadtostayathomeasaresultoftheheavyrain.Asaresultoftheearthquakes,thousandsofJapaneselosttheirhomes.1.

Theboyworkedhard.____________,hepassedtheexamination.

2._______________thecaraccident,Tomcouldn’tworkanylonger.

AsaresultAsaresultofFillintheblanksandtranslatethesentences.这个男孩学习刻苦，结果，他通过了考试。由于车祸，汤姆不能再工作了。illadj.生病的Helooksillthesedays.

近来，他气色不好。ill多与系动词be,feel,become,fall,get,betaken等搭配，用做表语。sick&ill1.两者都可表示“有病的”：作定语时通常用sick；作表语时可用ill(英)或sick(美)。如：asickman病人beill/sick生病2.ill表示“有病的”时，一般不用作定语，但当它表示“坏的(=bad)”、“有害的(=harmful)”等义时，却只能作定语，不能作表语。如：[辨析]

illnews坏消息illluck运气不好illhealth身体不好3.表示“病人”，通常用thesick(相当于名词，具有复数意义)，而不用theill。如：Theyhavecometoseethesick.

他们已来看望过病人。Shesufferedno_______effectsfromtheexperience.Sheislookingafterher_______mother.A.ill;sick

B.ill;illC.sick;illD.sick;sick解析：句意为“这次经历没有使她受到不良影响，她正在照顾生病的母亲。”ill这里意为“不良的”，sick意为“生病的”。Athe+比较级+…,the+比较级+…

越…，就越…

Themoreheexplained,thebetterweunderstood.他解释的越多，我们就越理解。Manypeoplebelievethatthemoreapersonreads,thewiserhewillbecome.

很多人相信一个人书读得越多就会变得越聪明。10.Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.1.她越跟我讲话,我越喜欢她。

Themore________________,themore_____________.2.房子越大，花的取暖费就越多。___________thehouseis,_________itwillcostustoheat.shetalkstomeI