2018年12月8日雅思考试预测

2018128思考试预*沪江留学教研，前沪江机经有什么不同？沪江机经要怎么用？ 【口语】PartForeignHaveyouevertriedforeign参考答案：Yeah,IactuallyvisittheJapaneseandSpanishrestaurantsnearmyneighborhoodquiteoften.SinceI’mveryintoseafood,theauthenticcuisinesservedtheresatisfymyappetiteprettywell.重点词汇及表达：e.g.ThereasonwhyitissopopularisbecausetheyserveauthenticcuisineDoyouliketotrynew参考答案：Yes,I’malwayscuriousaboutneworexoticfood,likecreativedietorforeignfood.AndmostofthetimeIfindthesecuisinesverytasty.重点词汇及表达：e.g.MyfriendPetersaidthatCenturyEgg,whichiscalledSonghuadanin,probablythemostuniqueexoticfoodhe’deverWhatkindsofforeignfoodarepopularinyour参考答案：Wellthereareactuallysomany:Frenchfood,ItalianfoodandSpanishfood,tonamejustafew.ButIthinkthemostpopularoneisJapanesefoodsinceyoucanfindsushirestaurantorramenrestaurantinalmosteverycityin.重点词汇及表达：tonamejustafew:略举几例（或有时翻译为“等等”，比较口语化e.g.YoungstersaresoobsessedwithawiderangeofPCgames,LeagueofLegends,Counter-Strike,WorldofWarcraft,tonamejustafew.Whatkindsofforeignfoodhaveyoutried参考答案：IrecentlytriedsquidwhenIwasinJapan.Thefreshfireflysquidwasdressedinsquidinktoenhanceitsumamiflavor.Buthonestlyspeaking,itwastoosaltyforme.重点词汇及表达：e.g.AfewdropsoffreshlemonjuiceisenoughtoenhancetheflavorofthegrilledPart2

Part2&DescribeanimportantdecisionmadewiththehelpofotherWhenitWhohelpedyoutomakethedecisionWhatthedecisionwasAndhowyoufeltabout提示参考答案：TheimportantdecisionthatImadewiththehelpofotherpeopleistodecidetolearntoytheviolin.SeveralyearsagowhenIwasalittlegirl,Ijoinedahobbygroupabouttraditionalpainting.OnedaywhenIlearnedhowtodrawanimalswithawritingbrushasusually,Iwassuddenlyappealedtoabeautifulmelodywhichcomesfromthemusicalinstrumentlearningclassnextdoor.Andmyfriendtoldmethatfabuloussoundwasfromaninstrumentcalledviolin.Sincethentheideaoflearningthismusicalinstrumentwasinspired.Nevertheless,asaprimarystudentIcan’tevenaffordtuitionfee,letalonearealviolin.Ihesitated,consideringwhetherit’sagoodideaornot.Fortunay,mymotherfoundmyworry.Afteraskingaboutthereason,mymothersupportedmeandencouragedmetomakethedecision.IcanstillrememberhowhappyIwasthatdaywhenmymotherboughtmeabrand-newviolin.Ireallylikedthismusicalinstrumentandspentalotoftimewithit.Tobehonest,defini yImadeanexcellentdecision.Althoughtheskills,yingtheviolin,tookmealongtimetoget,Istillenjoyedtheentireprocessalotaswell.IhaveafascinationaboutthisdeviceandIlovethesoundofthisinstrument.Themusicoftheviolinwasverycharmingandsoothing.It’sanicewaytowinddownmyselfbyripplingalivelyrhythmontheviolin.重点词汇及表达：writingbrushEg:BusyasIwas,Iwrotealetterbacktothemwithawritingbrush,wishingthemallthebest.inspire:Eg:Inthe1960s,theelectricguitarvirtuosityofJimiHendrixinspiredatuitionfee:Eg:Duetohightuitionfee,mostofordinaryfamiliescannotaffordtosendtheirchildrentoboardingschools.brand-new:Eg:Yesterdayhewentofftobuyhimselfabrand-newPart3题Shouldwetrusttheadvicegivenbystrangerswhenmaking参考答案：Idon’tthinklisteningtostrangers’adviceisawisedecision. ally,Ihavetosaythatareasonableadviceshouldrelyonmutualtrustandunderstanding.It’stotallyunadvisabletoexpectthosepeoplewhodoevennotknowyoutogiveyougood重点词汇及表达：wiseEg:It'sneverwisetowithholdreasonable:Eg:ItseemsreasonabletoexpectrapidurbanDoyouthinkitisadvisablelisteningtoothers'advicewhenmaking参考答案：Itdepends.Idon’tthinklistentostrangers’adviceisawisedecision,andIbelievethatareasonableadviceshouldrelyonthemutualtrustandunderstanding.Nevertheless,it’snecessarytoconsultourparentsorourteachersandseewhatsuggestionstheyhaveforus.重点词汇及表达：mutualEg:TheEastandtheWestcanworktogetherfortheirmutualbenefitandnevertheless:Eg:Althoughthemarkethasbeenflat,residentialpropertycostsremainhigh.Nevertheless,thefall-offindemandhashadanimpactonresalevalues.Whenyoungpeoplearetomakedecisions,shouldtheyconsultanyone参考答案：Sure,ofcourse.It’snecessaryforyoungpeopletoconsulttheirparentsorteacherwhenmakingdecisions.However,sometimes,youmayfeelthatyourparentsarebeingunreasonable.Insuchcases,insteadofshoutingbackorrefusingtodowhattheyask,itwouldbestifyoutalktothemaboutit.Thatway,yourparentswillunderstandhowyoufeelandtheywillalsohaveachancetoexintheirsideof重点词汇及表达：consult:Eg:Consultyourdoctorabouthowmuchexerciseyoushouldunreasonable:Eg:Thestrikerswerebeingunreasonableintheirdemands,havingrejectedthedealtwoweeksago.Whowillbehelpfulwhenmakingdecisionsinyour参考答案：It’shardtosay.Foryoungpeople,the couldbeourteachers,familymembers,bestfriendsandsoon.Frommypointofview,currentlyanumberofmyfriendsmayconsulttheirparents.Becausemostofthemaretheonlychildintheirfamily,thatmeanstheydon’thavebrothersandsisters.It’simpossibletointerruptfriendsallthetimeaswell.That’swhyforthem,parentsarethemostrelevantandhelpfulto重点词汇及表达：interrupt:Eg:Turkintappedhimontheshoulder.'Sorrytointerrupt,relevant:Eg:Isreligionstillrelevanttomostpeople's老师沪江留学院全职雅思老师格拉斯哥大学，TESOL专业（TeachingEnglishtotheSpeakersofOtherLanguages）,主攻雅思托福等留学考试。曾参与雅思八分程，关于雅思你必须知道的那些事，托福100等课程制作。【写作】本预测根据雅思写作的话题分类和出题规律，精选出以下，供广大烤鸭参考A类小作文数据类图表非数据类图表饼图流程图柱图以下为柱图题范文解析：TheThegraphbelowshowstheaveragetime(inminute)19-22-yearoldsspentonyinggamesinfourdifferentcountriesin2009and2012.Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.Writeatleast150words.解题思路：本图为动态图，描述2009-2012年之间的数据，写作过程中应当使用过去时参考范文：Thebarchartcompareshowlongyoungadults(aged19-22)fromfourdifferentcountriesyedgameseverydayonaveragein2009and2012.ItisobviousthatyoungpeopleinCountryBspentthelongesttimeongames.Also,2012witnessedaslightincreaseinthelengthoftimeofallfourcountriescomparedwithTobespecific,theaveragetimeongamesiCountryBwere90and9 respectivelyin2009and2012,almosttwicethetimeinCountryDin2009whentheaveragewasonlyalittleover50minutes.AlthoughthefigureofCountryDroseupin2012,itstillremainedthelowestcomparedwiththeotherthree.CountryAandChadthesimilaraveragetimerangingfrom75(CountryA)and76(CountryC)in2009to78forbothin2012.Anothernotabletrendisthatmoretimewasspentongamesin2012.Therewasasignificantsurgeofaveragetimefrom53to58minutesinCountryD,whereasitscounterpartsonlyincreased2or3minutesduringthefouryears.(187重点表达：①witness ②range A类大作文政府与城市类Nowadaystherearemanynewtowns.Itismoreimportanttoprovideparksandsportsfacilitiesthantoprovideshopcentersinthesenewtownsforpeopletospendtheirtime.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Somepeoplesaytheernmentshouldn'tspendmoneyinbuildingtheatersandsportsstadiums;theyshouldspendmoremoneyonmedicalcareandeducation.Doyouagreeordisagree?Somepeoplethinkthatintroducingnewtechnologycanimprovepeople'squalityoflifeinthedevelocountries.However,othersbelievethateducationshouldbeoffered.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.Thebestwayforacountrytoprepareforthefutureistoinvestmoreresourcesinitsyoungpeople.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Inwhatwaysshouldthecountryinvestinyoungpeople?教育与学习类Oncechildrenstartschool,theteacherswouldhavemoreinfluenceintheirinlectualandsocialdevelopmentthanparents.TowhatextentdoyouagreeorNowadays,somepeoplethinkthecityisnolongeragoodceforchildren,theysuggestthatthecountryisabetterchoice.TowhatextentdoyouagreeorIncountrieswherethereishighunemploymentmostpupilsshouldbeofferedonlyprimaryeducation;thereisnopointinofferingsecondaryeducationtothosewhowillhavenohopeoffindingajob.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Asscientistscontributemoretothedevelopmentofoursocietythanotherpeopledo,sciencestudentsshouldgetmorefinancialsupportfromtheernentthanotherstudents.Doyouagreeordisagree?社会与家庭类Somepeoplethinkthatinmodernsocietyindividualsare ingmoredependentoneachother.Butotherssaythatindividualsare ingmoreindependent.Discussboththeseviewsandgiveyourownopinion.Theuseof phoneisasantisocialassmoking.Smokingisbannedincertaincesso shouldbebannedlikesmoking.Towhatextenddoagreeordisagree?Theoldergenerationstendtohaveverytraditionalideasabouthowpeopleshouldlive,thinkandbehave.However,somepeoplebelievethattheseideasarenothelpfulinpreparingyounggenerationsformodernlife.TowhatextentdoyouagreeorCaringforchildrenisanimportantthingofthesociety.Itissuggestedthatallmothersandfathersshouldberequiredtotakechildcaretrainingcourses.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?科技与经济类Withglobaltradeincreasing,manygoods,onadailybasis,aretransportedtoalongdistance.Towhatextentdoyouthinkitsbenefitsexceeditsdrawbacks?Somepeoplethinkthatthedevelopmentoftechnologyhasmadeourlifemorecomplex,andthesolutionistoliveasimplerlifewithoutthattechnology.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Scientistsbelievecomputerswill emoreinligentthanhumanbeings.Soepeoplethinkthisdevelopmentwillhavepositiveimpacts.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree？Millionsofdollarshavebeenspentonspaceresearch.Butsomebodysaysspaceresearchwastedmoney;theysupposemoneyshouldbeusedtoimprovehuman’slife.Doyouagreeordisagree?工作与生活类Manypeoplefailtoachieveabalancebetweenworkandotherpartsoflife.Whatcausesthesituation?Howto ethisproblem?Nowadays,someworkcestendtoemployequalnumbersofmenandwomenworkers.Doyouthinkitisapositiveornegativedevelopment?Somepeoplearguethatjobsatisfactionismoreimportantthanjobsecurity.Otherpeoplethinkoneshouldhaveapermanentjob.DiscussbothviewsandgiveyourownInterviewisthebasicformofselectingprocedureformostlargecompanies.Somepeoplethinkitisunreliableandtherearesomeotherbettermethods.Discussandgiveyourownopinion.媒体与广告类Fiandcomputergamescontainingarepopular.Somepeoplesaytheyhavenegativeeffectsonsocietyandshouldbebanned.Otherssaytheyarejustharmlessrelaxation.Discussboththeseviewsandgiveyourownopinion.Peopleobtainmostoftheirinformationfromnewsreporting.Howeversomepeoplethinkthatweshouldnotbelievewhatjournalistsreport.Whatisyouropinion?Whatqualitiesdoyouthinkajournalistshouldhave?动物与环境类Somepeoplethinkthatusinganimalsforexperimentationpurposeiscruel,butotherpeoplethinkthatisnecessaryforthedevelopmentofscience.Discussbothviewsandgiveyouropinion.Theenvironmentalproblemistoobigforindividualorindividualcountry;thatistosay,theonlywaytoprotectenvironmentisataninternationallevel.Towhatextenddoyouagreeordisagree?文化与旅游类Itisnotnecessaryforpeopletotraveltoothercestolearnabouttheculture.Wecanlearnasmuchasfrombooks,fiandtheInternet.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Everyyearseverallanguagesdieout.Somepeoplethinkthatthisisnotimportantbecauselifewillbeeasieriftherearefewerlanguagesintheworld.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththisopinion?法律与犯罪类Somepeoplebelievethatyoungpeoplewhocommitseriouscrimesshouldbepunishedinthesamewayasadults.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Nowadayssomeindividualsbehaveinananti-societyway,suchascommittingacrime.Ingeneral,itisthesocietytoblame.Whatcausestheanti-socialbehaviorsofindividuals?Whoshouldberesponsiblefordealingwithit?抽象与其他类Inmodernsociety,ambitionismoreandmoreimportant.Howimportantisambitionforbeingsuccessfulinlife?Isitpositiveornegative?Competitivenessisapositivequalityforpeopletohaveinmostsocieties.Howdoescompetitivenessaffectindividuals?Doyouthinkitisapositiveornegativetrend?以下为重点话题及范文解析：题目：Incountrieswherethereisahighrateofunemployment,mostpupilsshouldbeofferedonlyprimaryeducation.Thereisnopointinofferingsecondaryeducationtothosewhohavenohopeoffindingajob.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththisstatement?解题思路：-有人认为在高失业率的国家，应该只给是教育是对于每个学生来说的权利，不能因为资质差就被受教育的权参考范文：Fastgrowingeconomieshaverapidlyincreasedthenumbersofstudentsreceivingsecondaryorhighereducationinrecentyears.Nowthepoolofunemployedgraduatesisrisingtoaworryinglevel;accordingly,somepeopleproposethatitisnouseofferingeducationprimaryschoolleveltothosewhohavetroubleinfindingajob. ally,Idonotagreewiththisproposal.Itisundeniablethattoomucheducationsometimesisawasteoftimeandmoneyforthestudentswithlessabilitytolearn.Aspeoplealwaysholdabeliefthateducationiseverythingandashortcutforsuccessandwealth,manystudentschoosetofurthertheirstudiesintosecondaryschoolsandthenuniversitiesaftercompletingbasiceducation,regardlessofwhethertheyareacademicallybrightornot.Theconsequenceisthatthediplomastheyarepursuingarenotgoingtoprovidethemwithapassportintolucrativejobs.However,thisdoesnotmeanthestudentswithpoorqualificationscanbedeprivedoftheopportunitiestoreceivehigherleveleducation.Afterall,everyoneshouldhavethesamerighttoeducation.Besides,intoday’scompetitivejobenvironment,thereexistvariouspitfallsfortheyouthwhentheydecidetodropoutofschoolearliertoworktoearnmore.Firstly,itisafactthatmostcompaniesprefertorecruitgraduateswithhigheducationalbackground;thosewithgoodeducationqualificationsareevenmorelikelytobejoblessthantheirlesseducatedcounterparts.Inaddition,onlyprimaryeducationwillleadtotalentshortageswhichmayexertanegativeimpactoncorporations,preventingthemfromhiringpeoplewithneededskills.Inconclusion,althoughsomestudentswithlesslearningabilitieswouldfinditafrustratingchoicetoenrollintohighschoolandendupwithgettingunemployed,thevalueofhigh-leveleducationcannotbedenied.重点表达： .②itisnouseng:做……没 不管⑤dropoutofschool:⑥talentshortages:本次机经由以下沪江留学老师产出老沪江雅思教研，英国大学毕业；英文专业8级；高中英语教师资格证书等，主攻雅思托福等留学考试。参与沪江WorldEnglishA2和B1、新版雅思6.5分写作、新版雅思7分写作等课程的设计规划与制作。【Section1&Section2重点场景（生活类：旅行交通，法律咨询，馆Section3&Section4重点场景（学术类：小说赏析，时空展望，土著建筑SectionQuestions1-CompletethenotesWriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDORANUMBERforeachVisitsVisitstodubpermonth:Eight(onanFacilityusedmost:Facilitynotused(Ifany):Tenniscourts(becausereluctantto Suggestionsforimprovements:HavemoreInstall inthe lateratmendedbyaWhyExampleOccupation:Agegroup:Typeofmembership:Lengthof HealthclubcustomerQuestionsQuestions11-CompletetheflowchartChooseSIXanswersfromtheboxandwritethecorrectletter,A-G,nexttoquestions11-16.AA B C D E F GMaking Questions17-ChooseTWOletters,A-WhichTWOcharacteristicsapplytothebambooIt’ssuitableforwindyThefireislitbelowthebottomendoftheThebambooiscutintoequalTheovenhangsfromaItcooksfood 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Interviewing Interviewing Using SectionQuestions31-CompletethesentencesWriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSforeachSavingthejuniperntJuniperwasoneofthefirstntstocoloniseBritainaftertheItssmokeisvirtually………,sojuniperwoodwasusedasfuelinillegalOilsfromthentwereusedtoNowadays,itsberriesarewidelyused foodandJuniperntsalsosupportseveralspeciesofinsectsIncurrentjuniperpopulations,ratiosof areManyofthebushesineachgroupareofthesameage wholepopulationsis38ntlifeistriallingnoveltechniques areasofOnemeasureisto forAfurtherstepisto fromhealthyAnswerSection(an)overfamily(swimming)paysocialair(the)

SectionE126.17/1819/20SectionCABABEGADB

Sectionice【阅读】Psychology alityAOurdailylivesarelargelymadeupofcontactswithotherpeople,duringwhichweareconstantlymakingjudgmentsoftheiralitiesand odatingourbehaviourtotheminaccordancewiththesejudgments.Acasualmeetingofneighboursonthestreet,anemployergivinginstructionstoanemployee,amotherlingherchildrenhowtobehave,ajourneyinatrainwherestrangerseyeoneanotherwithoutexchangingaword–alltheseinvolvemutualinterpretationsofalqualities.BSuccessinmanyvocationslargelydependsonskillinsizinguppeople.Itisimportantnotonlytosuchprofessionalsastheclinicalpsychologist,thepsychiatristorthesocialworker,butalsotothedoctororlawyerindealingwiththeirs,thebusinessmantryingtooutwithisrivals,thesalesmanwithpotentialcustomers,theteacherwithhispupils,nottospeakofthepupilsjudgingtheirteacher.Sociallife,indeed,wouldbeimpossibleifwedidnot.tosomeextent,understand,andreacttothemotivesandqualitiesofthosewemeet;andclearlywearesufficientlyaccurateformostpracticalpurposes,althoughwealsorecognizethatmisinterpretationseasilyarise–particularlyonthepareofotherswhojudgeus.CErrorscanoftenbecorrectedaswegoalong.Butwheneverwearepinneddowntoadefinitedecisionabouta ,whichcannoteasilyberevisedthroughhis‘feed-back’,theInadequaciesofourjudgments eapparent.ThehostesswhowronglythinksthattheSmithsandtheJoneseswillgetonwelltogethercandolittletoretrievethesuccessofherparty.Aschoolorabusinessmaybesaddledforyearswithanundesirablememberofstaff,becausetheselectioncommitteewhichinterviewedhimforaquarterofanhourmisjudgedhisality.DJustbecausetheprocessissofamiliarandtakenforgranted,Ithasarousedlittlescientificcuriosityuntilrecently.Dramatists,writersandsthroughoutthecenturieshaveexcelledintheportrayalofcharacter,buthaveseldomstoppedtoaskhowthey,orwe,gettoknowpeople,orhowaccurateisourknowledge.However,thepopularityofsuchunscientificsystemsasLavater’sphysiognomyintheeighteenthcentury,Gall’sphrenologyinthenineteenth,andofhandwritinginterpretationsbygraphologists,orpalm-readingsbyGypsies,showthatpeopleareawareofweaknessesintheirjudgmentsanddesirousofbettermethodsofdiagnosis.Itisnaturalthattheyshouldturntopsychologyforhelp,inthebeliefpsychologistsarespecialistsin‘humanEThisbeliefishardlyjustified:fortheprimaryaimofpsychologyhadbeentoestablishthegenerallawsandprinciplesunderlyingbehaviourandthinking,ratherthantoapplythesetoconcreteproblemsoftheindividual.Agreatmanyprofessionalpsychologistsstillregarditastheirmainfunctiontostudythenatureoflearning,perceptionandmotivationinthe edoraveragehumanbeing,orinlowerorganisms,andconsideritprematuretoputsoyoungasciencetopracticaluses.Theywoulddithepossessionofanysuperiorskillinjudgingtheirfellow-men.Indeed,beingmoreawareofthedifficultiesthanisthenon-psychologist,theymaybemorereluctanttocommitthemselvestodefinitepredictionsordecisionsaboutotherpeople.Nevertheless,toanincreasingextentpsychologistsaremovingintoeducational,occupational,clinicalandotherappliedfields,wheretheyarecalledupontousetheirexpertiseforsuchpurposesasfittingtheeducationorjobtothechildoradult,andthetothejob.Thusaconsiderableproportionoftheiractivitiesconsistsofalityassessment.FThesuccessofpsychologistsinalityassessenthasbeenlimited,incomparisonwithwhattheyhaveachievedinthefieldsofabilitiesandtraining,withtheresultthatmostpeoplecontinuetorelyonunscientificmethodsofassessment.Inrecenttimestherehasbeenatremendousamountofworkon alitytests,andoncarefullycontrolledexperimentalstudiesof ality.InvestigationsofalitybyFreudianandother‘depth’psychologistshaveanevenlongerAndyetpsychologyseemstobenonearertoprovidingsocietywithpracticabletechniqueswhicharesufficientlyreliableandaccuratetowingeneralacceptance.Thesoundnessofthemethodsofpsychologistsinthefieldof alityassessmentandthevalueoftheirworkareunderconstantfirefromotherpsychologists,anditisfarfromeasytoprovetheirworth.GThegrowthofpsychologyhasprobablyhelpedresponsiblemembersofsocietytoemoreawareofthedifficultiesofassessment.Butitisnotmuchuseemployers,educationistsandjudgeshowinaccuraytheydiagnosealitieswithwhichtheyhavetodealunlesspsychologistsaresurethattheycanprovidesomethingbetter.Evenwhenuniversitypsychologiststhemselvesappointanewmemberofstaff,theyalmostalwaysresorttothetraditionaltechniquesofassessingthecandidatesthroughinterviews,pastrecords,andtestimonials,andprobablymakeatleastasmanybadappointmentsasotheremployersdo.However,alargeamountofexperimentaldevelopmentofbettermethodshasbeencarriedoutsince1940bygroupsofpsychologistsintheArmedServicesandintheCivilService,andbysuchorganizationsasthe(British)NationalInstituteofIndustrialPsychologyandtheAmericanInstituteofResearch.Questions1-ReadingpassagehassevenparagraphsA-Choosethecorrectheadingforeachparagraphfromthelistofheadingsbelow.Writethecorrectnumberi-xinboxes1-7onyouranswersheet.ListListofiTheadvantageofanintuitiveapproach alityOveralltheoriesalityassessmentratherthanvaluableTheconsequencesofalityDifferingviewsontheimportancealitySuccessandfailureinestablishinganapproachalityEveryonealityAcknowledgementoftheneedforimprovement alityLittleprogresstowardsawidelyapplicableapproach alityTheneed alityassessmentstobewell-Theneedforadifferentkindofresearch ality1ParagraphA2ParagraphB3ParagraphC4ParagraphD5ParagraphE6ParagraphF7ParagraphQuestionChooseTHREElettersA-Writeyouranswersinbox8onyouranswerWhichTHREEofthefollowingarestatedaboutpsychologistsinvolvedin ‘Depth’psychologistsarebetteratitthansomeotherkindsofManyofthemacceptthattheirconclusionsareTheyreceivecriticismfrompsychologistsnotinvolvedintheTheyhavemadepeoplerealisehowhardthesubjectTheyhavetoldpeoplewhatnottodo,ratherthanwhattheyshouldTheykeepchangingtheirmindsaboutwhatthebestapproachesQuestions9-DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeviewsofthewriterinReadingPassageinboxes9-13writeonyouranswersheet ifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthe ifthestatementcontradictstheviewsoftheNOT ifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutPeopleoftenfeelthattheyhavebeenwronglyUnscientificsystemsofalityassessmenthavebeenofsomePeoplemakefalseassumptionsabouttheexpertiseofItislikelythatsomepsychologistsarenobetterthananyoneelseatassessingality.Researchsince1940hasbeenbasedonacceptanceofprevious2below.TrendsinthenfashionandtextileDuringthe1950s,thenfashionscenewasexciting,stylishandverygraceful.Therewerenocelebritydesignersormodels,norwerethereanylabelsthatwerewidelyrecognised.Thevalueofagarmentwasjudgedbyitsstyleandfabricratherthanbywhomadeit.Itwasregardedasperfectlyacceptable,evenforhigh-societywomen,toapproachanunknowntailorwhocouldmakeagarmentforafewrupees,providingtheperfectfit,finishandstyle.Theywereproudofgettingabargain,andofgivingtheirownnametotheendresult.The1960swasanerafullofmischievousnessandcelebrationinthearts,musicandcinema.Theperiodwascharacterisedby domfromrestrictionsand,inthefashionworld,anacceptanceofinnovativetypesofmaterialsuchassticandcoatedpolyester.Tight-fittingkurtas[1]andchuridars[2]andhighcoiffureswereatrendamongwomen.Thefollowingdecadewitnessedanincreaseintheexportoftraditionalmaterials,andthearrivalinofinternationalfashion.Syntheticsbecametrendy,andthediscocultureaffectedthefashionscene.Itwasintheearly80swhenthefirstfashionstore‘Ravissant’openedinMumbai.Atthattimegarmentswereretailedforafour-figurepricetag.AmericandesignerslikeCalvinKleinbecamepopular.Intoo,contoursbecamemoremasculine,andeventhesalwarkameez[3]wasdesignedwithshoulderpads.Withtheevolutionofdesignerstorescamethecultureofdesignerfashion,alongwithitsheftypricetags.Whateveragarmentwaslike,consumerswereconvincedthatahigherpricetagsignifiedelegantdesignerfashion,sogarmentsweresoldatunbelievableprices.Meanwhile,designersdecidedtogetthemselvesnoticedbymakingshowyoutfitsandassociatingwiththerightcelebrities.Soon,fashionshowsbecamecompetitive,eachdesignerattemptingtoout-dotheotherintheme,guestlistandmediacoverage.Inthelastdecadeofthemillennium,themarketshrankandethnicwearmadeacomeback.Duringtherecession,therewasapushtosellatanycost.Withfiercecompetitiontheinevitableoccurred:theonceheftypricetagsbegantheirdownwardjourney,andthefashion-showindustryfollowedsuit.However,thelivelinessofthenfashionscenehadnotended-ithadmerelyreachedastableAtthebeginningofthe21stcentury,withnewdesignersandmodels,andmoresensibledesigns,thefashionindustryacceleratedonceagain.Asfarastheglobalfashionindustryisconcerned,nethnicdesignsandmaterialsarecurrentlyindemandfromfashionhousesandgarmentmanufacturers.isthethirdlargestproducerofcotton,thesecondlargestproducerofsilk,andthefifthlargestproducerofman-madefibresintheworld.Thengarmentandfabricindustrieshavemanyfundamentaladvantages,intermsofacheaper,skilledwork,cost-effectiveproduction,rawmaterials,flexibility,andawiderangeofdesignswithsequins,beadwork,andembroidery.Inaddition,thatprovidesgarmentstointernationalfashionhousesatcompetitiveprices,withashorterleadtime,andaneffectivemonopolyoncertaindesigns,isacceptedthewholeworldover.hasalwaysbeenregardedasthedefaultsourceintheembroideredgarmentssegment,butchangesintherateofexchangebetweentherupeeandthedollarhasfurtherdepressedprice