英语六级40天突破课件与笔记阅读理解

精选教课课件设计|Excellentteachingplan英语六级40天打破讲义与笔录之阅读理解六级与四级的差别：一、词——词汇量5500。二、句——出题考长句子。三、段——全部句子都认识，但不知道整段的意思。But,Yet,However转折连词后边是要点，常考点。四、选项——有诱惑选项，不像四级那么清楚。原文重现：原文告诉你选什么，你就应入选什么，不可以凭感觉和想象。尽量少读：六级更多的对点出题，而不是对面出题。六级题型：要旨题（SumUp/Title）--看文章每段第一句Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumupthepassage?A)Advantagesanddisadvantagesofautomation.B)Labourandtheeffectsofautomation.C)Unemploymentbenefitplansandautomation.D)Socialbenefitsofautomation.注：文章三段第一句都出现automation，两段出现labour，所以这两个词是要点，必定在选项中出现。Automationreferstotheintroductionofelectroniccontrolandautomaticoperationofproductivemachinery.Itreducesthehumanfactors,mentalandphysical,inproduction,andisdesignedtomake精选教课课件设计|Excellentteachingplanpossiblethemanufactureofmoregoodswithfewerworkers.ThedevelopmentofautomationinAmericanindustryhasbeencalledthe"SecondIndustrialRevolution".注：refersto下定义Labour’sconcernoverautomationarisesfromuncertaintyabouttheeffectsonemployment,andfearsofmajorchangesinjobs.Inthemain,labourhastakentheviewthatresistancetotechnicalchangeisunfruitful.Eventually,theresultofautomationmaywellbeanincreaseinemployment,sinceitisexpectedthatvastindustrieswillgrowuparoundmanufacturing,maintaining,andrepairingautomationequipment.Theinterestoflabourliesinbringingaboutthetransitionwithaminimumofinconvenienceanddistresstotheworkersinvolved.Also,unionspokesmenemphasizethatthebenefitoftheincreasedproductionandlowercostsmadepossiblebyautomationshouldbesharedbyworkersintheformofhigherwages,moreleisure,andimprovedlivingstandards.注：labour雇员Toprotecttheinterestsoftheirmembersintheeraofautomation,unionshaveadoptedanumberofnewpolicies.Oneoftheseisthepromotionofsupplementaryunemploymentbenefitplans.Itisemphasizedthatsincetheemployerinvolvedinsuchaplanhasadirectfinancialinterestinpreventingunemployment,he精选教课课件设计|Excellentteachingplanwillhaveastrongdriveforplanningnewinstallationssoastocausetheleastpossibleproblemsinjobsandjobassignments.Someunionsareworkingfordismissalpayagreements,requiringthatpermanentlydismissedworkersbepaidasumofmoneybasedonlengthofservice.Anotherapproachistheideaofthe"improvementfactor",whichcallsforwageincreasesbasedonincreasesinproductivity.Itispossible,however,thatlabourwillrelymainlyonreductioninworkinghoursinordertogainafullshareinthefruitsofautomation.注：union工会，和雇员相关词汇题——找词所在句子关系转折关系。比方：六级很难，可是，找转折连词But,Yet,However。并列关系。比方：AandB，问A就把B内容填进去。解说关系。用because和从句inwhich等联系。比方：30.“Anidentifyingfigure”(Line2,Para.5)referstoaperson______.whoservesasamodelforotherswhoisalwayssuccessfulwhocanbedependeduponwhohasbeenrewardedforhissuccess精选教课课件设计|Excellentteachingplan（文章前四段省略）Admirationofonequalityoftenleadsustoadmireapersonasawhole,andhebecomesanidentifyingfigure.Weusesomepeopleasmodelsoverawiderangeofsituations,imitatingmuchthattheydo.Welearnthattheyaredependableandrewardingmodelsbecauseimitatingthemleadstosuccess.注：掌握and前后是并列关系。细节题--直接细节、因果推理、示意比方：31.Itisimpliedthatfiftyyearsago____________.A)eightypercentofAmericanworkingpeoplewereemployedinfactoriestwentypercentofAmericanintellectualswereemployeesthepercentageofintellectualsinthetotalworkforcewasalmostthesameasthatofindustrialworkersD)thepercentageofintellectualsworkingasemployeeswasnotsolargeasthatofindustrialworkers34.Accordingtothewriter,professionalknowledgeorskillis_______.lessimportantthanawarenessofbeingagoodemployeeasimportantastheabilitytodealwithpublicrelationsmoreimportantthanemployer-employeerelations精选教课课件设计|ExcellentteachingplanD)asimportantastheabilitytoco-operatewithothersintheorganizationOurshasbecomeasocietyofemployees.AhundredyearsorsoagoonlyoneoutofeveryfiveAmericansatworkwasemployed,i.e.,workedforsomebodyelse.Todayonlyoneoutoffiveisnotemployedbutworkingforhimself.Andwhenfiftyyearsago"beingemployed"meantworkingasafactorylabourerorasafarmhand,theemployeeoftodayisincreasinglyamiddle-classpersonwithasubstantialformaleducation,holdingaprofessionalormanagementjobrequiringintellectualandtechnicalskills.Indeed,twothingshavecharacterizedAmericansocietyduringtheselastfiftyyears:middle-classandupper-classemployeeshavebeenthefastest-growinggroupsinourworkingpopulation-growingsofastthattheindustrialworker,thatoldestchildoftheIndustrialRevolution,hasbeenlosinginnumericalimportancedespitetheexpansionofindustrialproduction.Yetyouwillfinelittleifanythingwrittenonwhatitistobeanemployee.Youcanfindagreatdealofverydubiousadviceonhowtogetajoborhowtogetapromotion.Youcanalsofindagooddealofworkinachosenfield,whetheritbethemechanist’stradeorbookkeeping(簿记).Everyoneofthesetradesrequiresdifferentskills,setsdifferentstandards,andrequiresadifferentpreparation.精选教课课件设计|ExcellentteachingplanYettheyallhaveemployeeshipincommon.Andincreasingly,especiallyinthelargebusinessoringovernment,employeeshipismoreimportanttosuccessthanthespecialprofessionalknowledgeorskill.Certainlymorepeoplefailbecausetheydonotknowtherequirementsofbeinganemployeethanbecausetheydonotadequatelypossesstheskillsoftheirtrade;thehigheryouclimbtheladder,themoreyougetintoadministrativeorexecutivework,thegreatertheemphasisonabilitytoworkwithintheorganizationratherthanontechnicalabilitiesorprofessionalknowledge.作者态度题（attitude）——正负态度凡是文章商议新事物——正态度凡是文章商议老事物——负态度例外：中立题25.Thewriter’attitudestowardstheuseofthetelephoneis______.affectionatedisapprovingapprovingneutral●例子：例子必出题。文章有论点-论据-论证，例子是论证，用来支持论点，所以简而言之，例子自己不重要，但前后论点极其重要。精选教课课件设计|Excellentteachingplan例子开始的标记：forexample，后边随着大写、时间、年月，依旧是举例内容。例子含义的标记：show,tell,prove,demonstrate,find,clearly[Page72]IntheUnitedStates,theneedtoprotectplantandanimalspecieshasbecomeahighlycontroversialandsharplypoliticalissuesincethepassageoftheEndangeredSpeciesActin1973.Theact,designedtoprotectspecies’livingareas,andpoliciesthatpreservelandandforestscompetewitheconomicinterests.Inthe1990’s,forexample,thewoodcuttersintheWesternUnitedStateswerechallengedlegallyintheirattempttocuttreesfortimberintheCascadeMountains.Thechallengewasmountedtoprotecttheendangeredspottedowl(猫头鹰),whoseremainingpopulationoccupiestheseforestsandrequirestheintact,ancientforestforsurvival.Theproblematicsituationsettheinterestsofenvironmentalistsagainstthoseofcorporationsandofindividualswhostoodtolosejobs.Aftermonthsofdebateandlegalbattles,thefateofthewoodcutters-andtheowls-wasstillundecidedinmid-1992.注：1.controversial的意思是受争议的，同“sharplypoliticalissue，”contro表示“反”2.forexample前句子是要点精选教课课件设计|Eblematic悬而未决的Similartensionsexistbetweenthedevelopedandthedevelopingnations.Manypeopleinindustrializednations,forexample,believethatdevelopingnationsintropicalregionsshoulddomoretoprotecttheirrainforestsandothernaturalareas.Butthedevelopingcountriesmaybeimpoverished(使贫寒),withpopulationsgrowingsorapidlythatusingthelandisameanstotemporarilyavoidworseningpovertyandstarvation.注：1.tension张力，矛盾看到similar就说明第二段说的和第一段同样。But转折是要点ManyofthechangestoEarththatconcernscientistshavethepotentialtorobtheplanetofitsbiologicalrichness.ThedestructionofEarth’sozonelayer臭氧(层),forexample,couldcontributetothegeneralprocessofimpoverishmentbyallowingultra-violetraystoharmplantsandanimals.Andglobalwarmingcouldwipeoutspeciesunabletoquicklyadapttochangingclimates.Clearly,protectingwillcomeonlythroughcoordinatedinternationaleffortstocontrolhumanpopulation,stabilizethecompositionoftheatmosphere,andpreserveintactEarth

’scompweblife.36.Whydoestheauthorsaythattheprotectionofendangered精选教课课件设计|Excellentteachingplanspeciesisahighlycontroversialissue?Becausepeoplecan’tagreeastowhatspeciestoprotect.Becauseitisdifficulttofindaneffectivewaytoprotectsuchspecies.Becauseitaffectstheinterestsofcertaingroupsofpeople.Becauseitisamajorprobleminvolvingaseriesoflegalprocedures.注：细节题。第一段economicinterests●表示绝对的词--出现在文章中，是特别重要的出题点；如果出现在选项中，很可能是不对的。全无：non-nothing-never-seldom-absolutely-hardly-little-few-prevent-exclude-neither...nor全有：all-every-full-either唯一：only-exactly-best-most37.Accordingtothepassage,thepreservationofrainforests________.mayhamperadevelopingcountryinitsfightagainstpoverty.benefitsdevelopedcountriesratherthandevelopingcountries.C)shouldtakepriorityoverthecontrolofhumanpopulation.精选教课课件设计|ExcellentteachingplanD)willhelpimprovethelivingconditionsindevelopingcountries.注：细节题，对应文章第二段。举例前那句话更重要，只需表达出“和经济利益矛盾”就对了。38.Accordingtothepassage,cuttingtresstogrowmorefood_______.A)vestobeaneffectivewayoutforimpoverishednations.注：对应文章第二段。Short-term对应temporarily，relief对应avoid。39.Among“humanity’scurrentproblems”(Line6,Para.3),thechiefconcernofthescientistsis_______.theimpoverishmentofdevelopingcountries.theexplosionofthehumanpopulation.thereductionofbiologicaldiversity.theeffectofglobalwarming.注：第三段。C选项中reduction对应rob，diversity对应richness。精选教课课件设计|Excellentteachingplan40.Theauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassageis________.A)todescribethedifficultiesinsolvinghumanity’scurrentproblems.B)topresentthedifferentviewsonhumanity’scurrentproblems.C)toanalyzethecontradictionbetweencountriesindealingwithhumanity’scurrentproblems.D)topointoutthathumanity’currentsproblemscanonlybesolvedthroughthecooperationofnations.注：看最后一句话，cooperationofnations对应coordinatedinternationalefforts。[Page80]Wesometimesthinkhumansareuniquelyvulnerabletoanxiety,butstressseemstoaffecttheimmunedefensesofloweranimalstoo.Inoneexperiment,forexample,behavioralimmunologist(免疫学家)MarkLaudenslger,attheUniversityofDenver,gavemildelectricshocksto24rats.Halftheanimalscouldswitchoffthecurrentbyturningawheelintheirenclosure,whiletheotherhalfcouldmot.Theratsinthetwogroupswerepairedsothateachtimeoneratturnedthewheelitprotectedbothitselfanditshelplesspartnerfromtheshock.Laudenslagerfoundthattheimmune精选教课课件设计|Excellentteachingplanresponsewasdepressedbelownormalinthehelplessratsbutnotinthosethatcouldturnofftheelectricity.Whathehasdemonstrated,hebelieves,isthatlackofcontroloveranevent,nottheexperienceitself,iswhatweakenstheimmunesystem.注：1.vulnerable易受损害的immunedefense免疫系统found今后是试验告诉我们的看法depress压迫，de往下Otherresearchersagree.JayWeiss,apsychologistatDukeUniversitySchoolofMedicine,hasshownthatanimalswhoareallowedtocontrolunpleasantstimulidon’tdevelopsleepdisturbancesorchangesinbrainchemistrytypicalofstressedrats.Butiftheanimalsareconfrontedwithsituationstheyhavenocontrolover,theylaterbehavepassivelywhenfacedwithexperiencestheycancontrol.Suchfindingsreinforcepsychologistssuspicionsthattheexperienceorperceptionofhelplessnessisoneofthemostharmfulfactorsindepression.注：1.看第一句三个单词就知道本段内容和上一段同样。2.passive被动的21.Laudenslager’sexperimentshowedthattheimmunesystemofthoseratswhocouldturnofftheelectricity______.A)wasstrengthened精选教课课件设计|Excellentteachingplanwasnotaffectedwasalteredwasweakened注：定位文章第一段found今后22.Accordingtothepassage,theexperienceofhelplessnesscausesratsto______.trytocontrolunpleasantstimuliturnofftheelectricitybecomeabnormallysuspiciousbehavepassivelyincontrollablesituations注：定位第二段But今后那句话23.ThereasonwhythemiceinAder’sexperimentavoidedsaccharinwasthat______.theydislikeditstasteitaffectedtheirimmunesystemsitledtostomachpainstheyassociateditwithstomachachesThefirstparagraphismainlyabout_____.(A)theteenagers’criticismoftheirparents(B)misunderstandingsbetweenteenagersandtheirparents(C)thedominanceoftheparentsovertheirchildren(D)theteenagers’abilitytodealwithcrises精选教课课件设计|Excellentteachingplan注：段落要旨，B和C只说了一部分。Itisnaturalforyoungpeopletobecriticaloftheirparentsattimesandtoblamethemformostofthemisunderstandingsbetweenthem.Theyhavealwayscomplained,moreorlessjustly,thattheirparentsareoutoftouchwithmodernways;thattheyarepossessiveanddominantthattheydonottrusttheirchildrentodealwithcrises;thattheytalktoomuchaboutcertainproblemsandthattheyhavenosenseofhumour,atleastinparent-childrelationships.Ithinkitistruethatparentsoftenunderestimatetheirteenagechildrenandalsoforgethowtheythemselvesfeltwhenyoung.Youngpeopleoftenirritatetheirparentswiththeirchoicesinclothesandhairstyles,inentertainersandmusic.Thisisnottheirmotive.Theyfeelcutofffromtheadultworldintowhichtheyhavenotyetbeenaccepted.Sotheycreateacultureandsocietyoftheirown.Then,ifitturnsoutthattheirmusicorentertainersorvocabularyorclothesorhairstylesirritatetheirparents,thisgivesthemadditionalenjoyment.Theyfeeltheyaresuperior,atleastinasmallway,andthattheyareleadersinstyleandtaste.注：1.critical吹毛求疵的，很重要的40.Themainideaofthispassageisthat_____.attentionmustbedirectedtotheimprovementofrecreativepossibilities精选教课课件设计|Excellentteachingplan(B)betteruseofgreenspacefacilitiesshouldbemadesoastoimprovethequalityofourlife(C)theurbanenvironmentisprovidingmorerecreationactivitiesthanitdidmanyyearsago(D)prioritymustbegiventothedevelopmentofobligatoryactivitiesGreenspacefacilitiesarecontributingtoanimportantextenttothequalityoftheurbanenvironment.Fortunatelyitisnolongernecessarythateverylectureoreverybookaboutthissubjecthastostartwiththeproofofthisidea.Atpresent,itisgenerallyaccepted,althoughmoreasaself-evidentstatementthanonthebaseofaclosely-reasonedscientificproof.Therecognitionoftheimportanceofgreenspacesintheurbanenvironmentisafirststepontherightway,thisdoesnotmean,however,thatsufficientdetailsareknownaboutthefunctionsofgreenspaceintownsandaboutthewayinwhichtheinh