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2023年全国职称英语理工类(C级)真题及答案解析人事考试教育网2023-10-2514:0【大中小】【我要纠错】第1部分:词汇选项(第1~15题,每题1分,共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分拟定1个意义最为接近的选项。1.Thecompanyhastherighttoendhisemploymentatanytime.A.provideB.stopC.offerD.continue2.Intheprocess,thelightenergyconvertstoheatenergy.A.reducesB.dropsC.leavesD.changes3.Shegaveupherjobandstartedwritingpoetry.A.abandonedB.lostC.tookD.created4.Wearehappytoreportthatbusinessisboomingthisyear.A.riskyB.successfulC.failingD.open5.Wehavebeenthroughsomeroughtimestogether.A.longB.happyC.difficultD.short6.Thethiefwasfinallycapturedtwesawayfromthevillage.A.foundB.killedC.jailedD.caught7.WhataremychancesofpromotionifIstayhere?A.retirementB.advertisementC.replacementD.advancement8.Iproposethatwediscussthisatthenextmeeting.A.suggestB.demandC.orderD.request9.RodmanmetwithTonytotryandsettlethedisputeoverhiscontract.A.solveB.avoidC.markD.involve10.Canyougiveaconcreteexampletosupportyouridea?A.specificB.realC.specialD.good11.Itwasafascinatingpairing,withcleveruseofcolorandlight.A.largeB.wonderfulC.newD.familiar12.Wehaveseenamarkedshiftinourapproachtothesocialissues.A.quickB.regularC.clearD.great13.1wasshockedwhenIsawthesizeofthetelephonebill.A.excitedB.angryC.lostD.surprised14.Thepolicetookfingerprintsandidentifiedthebody.A.recognizedB.missedC.discoveredD.touched15.Ifwelcavenow,weshouldmissthetraffic.A.mixB.stopC.avoidD.direct第2部分:阅读判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:假如该句提供的是对的信息,请选择A;假如该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;假如该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C.AGreatQuakeComing?EveryonewholivesinSanFranciscoknowsthatearthquakesarecommoninthebavarea.Theyhadkeendevastatingin1906,forexample,amajorquakedestroyedabout28.000buildingsandkilledhundreds,perhapsthousandsofpeople.Residentsnowwonderwhenthenext"bigone"willstrike.It'sboundtohappensomeday.Atleastsevenactivefault(断层)linesrunthroughtheSanFranciscoarea.Faultsareplaceswherepiecesofearth'scrust(地壳)slidepasteachother.Whenthesepiecesslip,thegroundshakes.Toprepareforthatday.scientistsareusingnewtechniquestoreanalyzethe1906earthquakeandpredicthowbadthedamagemightbewhenthenextonehappens.Onenewfindingaboutthe1906quakeisthattheSanAndreasFaultsplitapartfasterthanscientistshadassumedatthetime.Duringsmallearthquakes,faultsruptureatabout2.7kilometerspersecond.Duringbiggerquakes,however,rupturescanhappenatratesfasterthan3.5kilometerspersecond.Atsuchhighspeeds,massiveamountsofpressurebuildup,generatingundergroundwavesthatcancausemoredamagethanthequakeitself.LuckyforSanFancisco,thesepressurepulses(脉冲)traveledalwayfromthecityduffngthe1906event.Asbadasthedamagewas,itcouldhavebeenfarWorse.Lookingahead,scientistsaretryingtopredictwhenthenextmajorquakewilloccur.Recordsshowthatearthquakeswerecommonbefore1906event.Sincethen,theareahasbeenrelativelyquiet.Pattemsinthedata,however,suggestthattheprobabilityofamajorearthquakestrikingthebayareabefore2032isatleast62percent.NewbuildingsinsanFranciscoarequitesafeincaseoffuturequakes.Still,morethan84percentofthecity'sbuildingsareoldandweak.Analysessuggestthatanothermassiveearthquakewouldcauseextensivedamage.PeoplewholivetheretodaytendtofeelsafebecauseSanFranciscohasremainedprettyqmetforawhile.Accoedingtothenewresearch,however,it'snotamatterofwhetherthebigonewillhit.It'sjustamatterofwhen.16.TheSanFranciscoareaislocatedaboveseveralactivefaultlines.A.rightB.wrongC.notmentiond17.The1906earthquakeinSanFranciscoisthemostsevereoneinAmericanhistory.A.fightB.wrongC.notmentioned18.Thehighestspeedoffaultrupturesinthe1906quakewasmorethan3.5kilometerspersecondA.fightB.wrongC.notmentioned19.EarthquakesrarelyhappenedinSanFranciscobefore1906.A.fightB.wrongC.notmentioned20.SanFranciscoisfullypreparedforanotherbigearthquake.A.rightB.wrongC.notmentioned21.Scientistswillbeabletopredicttheexacttimeofanearthquakesoon.A.rightB.wrongC.notmentioned22.AmajorearthquakestrikingSanFranciscosomedayisinevitable.A.rightB.wrongC.notmentiond第3部分:概括大意与完毕句子(第23~30题,每题1分,共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23~26题规定从所给的6个选项中为第1~4段每段选择1个最佳标题;(2)第27~30题规定从所给的6个选项中为每个句子拟定1个最佳选项。CellPhones1.Believeitornot,cellphoneshavebeenaroundforoveraquarterofacentury.ThefirstcommercialcellphonesystemwasdevelopedbytheJapanesein1979.Butcellphoneshavechangedalotsincethattime.Theearlycellphoneswerebigandheavybuttheyhavedevelopedintosmallandlightpalm-sizedmodels.Therehavebeenhugedevelopmentsintheirfunctions,too.Wehavehadcellforwarding,textmessaging,answeringservicesandhands-freeuseforyears,butnowtherearecountlessnewfacilities,suchasinstantaccesstotheinternetandreceivingandsendingphotos.2.Cellphoneshavebecomeverycommoninourlives;recentstatisticssuggestasmanyasoneinthreepeopleontheplanetnowhaveacellphone,andmostofthemsaytheycouldn'tlivewithoutone.Cellphonesareusedineveryareaofourlivesandhavebecomeanecessarytool,usedforessentialarrangements,socialcontactandbusiness.Theyhavemadeiteasiertocallforhelponthehighway.Theyhavemadeitpossibletokeepintouchwithpeople"onthemove"whenpeoplearetraveling.3.Cellphoneshavemadecommunicationeasierandhavereducedtheneedforfamilyarguments.Wecanusecellphonestoletourfamilyknowwe'llbelateorifthere'sachangeofplanoranemergency.Cellphoneshaveeasedtheworriesofmillionsofparentswhentheirteenagersareoutlate,theycannowcontacttheirchildrenatanytime.4.Thisdoesnotmeanthatcellphonesareallgoodnews.Theyhavebroughtwiththemanumberofnewheadachesfortheirowners:itcostsalottoreplacestolenphones,somethingthatisbecomingafrequentoccurrence,andhaveyoueverseensuchhugephonebills?Moreserious,however,isthepotentialhealthproblemtheybring:therearefearsthatradiationfromthephonesmaycausebraintumor(肿瘤)。Thismaybeatimebombwaitingtohappentoyoungerpeoplewhohavegrownupwithcellphonesthattheysimplycan'tlivewithout.23.Paragraph1_________________24.Paragraph2_________________25.Paragraph3________________26.Paragraph4_________________A.CellphonesandthefamilyB.CommercialcellphonesystemsC.CellphonesineverydaylifeD.CellphonesforteenagersE.HistoryofcellphonesF.Problemswithcellphones27.Nowadayscellphonesareequippedwith_______________28.Cellphonesarecommoninourlivesandhavebecome________________29.Wecanusecellphonestocommunicatewithotherswhenweencounter_________________30.Inspiteofmanybenefits,cellphoneshavebroughtfortheirowners_________________A.anecessity.B.anemergency.C.anumberofnewheadaches.D.familyarguments.E.bigandlightpalm-sizedmodels.F.countlessnewfacilities第4部分:阅读理解(第3l一45题,每题3分,共45分)下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容,为每题拟定1个最佳选项。第一篇ArcticMeltEarth'sNorthandSouthPolesalefamousforbeingcoldandicy.Lastyear,however,theamountoficeintheArcticOceanfeUt0arecordlow.Normally,icebuildsinArcticwatersaroundtheNorthPoleeachwinterandshrinksduringthesummer.Butformanyyears,theamountoficeleftbytheendofsummerhasbeendeclining.Since1979,eachdecadehasseenan11.4percentdropinendofsummericecover.Between1981and2023,iceintheArcticlost22percentofitsthickness,becoming1.13metersthinner.Lastsummer,Arcticseaicereacheditsskimpiestlevelsyet.Bytheendofsummer2023,theicehadshrunktocoveriust4.2millionsquarekilometers.That's38percentlessareathantheaveragecoveratthattimeofyear.Andit'saverylarge23percentbelowthepreviousrecordlow,whichwassetjust2yearsago.Thiscontinuingtrendhasscientistsconcerned.Theremaybeseveralreasonsfortheicemelt,saysJinlunZhang,anoceanographerattheUniversityofWashingtonatSeattle.UnusuallystrongwindsblewthroughtheArcticlastsummer.ThewindspushedmuchoftheiceoutofthecentralArctic.leavingalargeareaofthiniceandopenwater.ScientistsalsosuspectthatfewercloudscovertheArcticnowthaninthepast.Clearerskiesallowmoresunlighttoreachtheocean.Theextraheatwarnlsboththewaterandtheatmosphere.InpartsoftheArcticOceanlastyear,surfacetemperatureswere3.5℃warmerthanaverageand1.5℃warmerthanthepreviousrecordhigh.Withbothairandwatergettingwarmer,theiceismeltingfrombothaboveandbelow.InsomeDarts0ftheBeaufortSea,northofAlaskaandwesternCanada,icethatmeasured3.3metersthickatthebeginningofthesummermeasuredjust50centimetersbyseason'send.Thenewmeasurementssuggestthatmeltingisfarmoreseverethanscientistshaveseenbyjustlookingaticecoverfromabove,saysDonaldK.Perovich,ageophysicistattheU.S.ArmyColdRegionsResearchandEngineeringLaboratoryinHanover,N.H.SomescientistsfearthattheArcticisstuckinawarmingtrendfromwhichitmayneverrecover.31.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword"build"inthefirstsentenceofthesecondparagraph?A.constructB.extendC.createD.expand32.WhatistheicecoverintheArcticbytheendof2023summer?A.4.2millionsquarekilometersB.11.4millionsquarekilometersC.1.13millionsquarekilometersD.38millionsquarekilometers33.Whatarethereasonsfortheicemeltingaccordingtothescientists?A.strongwindsandclearskiesB.longsummerandshortwinterC.openwaterandthiniceD.lightcloudsandlightwinds34.Whyistheicemeltingfrombothaboveandbelow?A.Becauseextraheatwarmstheair.B.Becauseextraheatwarmsthewater.C.Becausethetemperatureabovethewaterishigher.D.RnthAandB.35.Whatcanbeapossibletitleforthepassage?A.WhatarescientistslookingforintheArcticOcean?B.WhatarescientistsdoingintheArcticOcean?C.WhyarescientistsworryingabouttheArcticOcean?D.WhyarescientistsinterestedintheArcticOcean?第二篇CitizenScientistsUnderstandinghownaturerespondstoclimatechangewillrequiremonitoringkeylifecycleevent-flowering,theappearanceofleaves,thefirstfrogcallsofthespringallaroundtheworld.Butecologistscan'tbeeverywheresothey'returningtonon-scientists,sometimescalledcitizenscientists,forhelp.CIimatescientistsarenotpresenteverywhere.Becausetherearesomanyplacesintheworldandnotenoughscientiststoobserveallofthem,they'reaskingforyourhelpinobservingsignsofclimatechangeacrosstheworld.Thecitizenscientistmovementencouragesordinarypeopletoobserveaveryspecificresearchinterest-birds,trees,flowersbudding,etc.andsendtheirobservationstoagiantdatabasetobeobservedbyprofessionalscientists.Thishelpsasmallnumberofscientiststrackalargeamountofdatathattheywouldneverbeabletogatherontheirown.Muchlikecitizenjournalistshelpinglargepublicationscoverahyper-localbeat,citizenscientistsarereadyfortheconditionswherethevlive.Allthat'sneededtobecomeoneisafewminuteseachdayoreachweektogatherdataandsenditin.AgroupofscientistsandeducatorslaunchedanizationlastyearcalledtheNationalPhenologyNetwork."Phenology"iswhatscientistscallthestudyofthetimingofeventsinnature.Oneofthegroup'sfirsteffortsreliesonscientistsandnon-scientistsaliketocollectdataaboutplantfloweringandleafingeveryyear.Theprogram,calledProjeetBudBurst,collectslifecycleda.taonavarietyofcommonplantsfromacrosstheUnitedStates.PeopleparticipatingintheprojectwhichisopentoeveryonerecordtheirobservationsontheProjectBudBurstwebsite."Peopledon'thavetobeplantexperts,theyjusthavetolookaroundandseewhat'sintheirneighborhood,"saysJenniferSchwartz,aneducationconsultantwiththeproject."Aswecollectthisdata.we'llbeabletomakeanestimateofhowplantsandcommunitiesofplantsandanimalswillrespondastheclimatechanges."36.Ecologiststurntonon-scientistcitizensforhelpbecausetheyneedthem__________________.A.toprovidetheirpersonallifecyclesB.toobservethelifecycleofplantsC.tocollectdataofthelifecycleoflivingthingsD.toteachchildrenknowledgeaboutclimatechange37.Whatarecitizenscientistsaskedtodo?A.Todevelopaspecificresearchinterestandbecomeprofessionalscientists.B.Tosendtheirresearchobservationstoaprofessionaldatabase.C.Toincreasetheirknowledgeaboutclimatechange.D.Tokeeparecordoftheirresearchobservations.38.In"Allthat,sneededtobecomeone…(paragraph2)",whatdoestheword"one"standsfor?A.acitizenjournalistB.acitizenscientistC.ascientistD.acitizen39.WhatisNOTtrueofProjectBudBurst?A.Onlyexpertscanparticipateinit.B.Everybodycanparticipateinit.C.Itcollectslifecycledataonavarietyofcommonplants.D.Ithasitsownwebsite.40.WhatisthefinalpurposeofProjectBudBurst?A.Tostudywhenplantswillhavetheirfirstbuds.B.Tofindoutthetypesofplantsintheneighborhood.C.TocollectlifecycledataonavarietyofcommonplantsfromacrosstheUnitedStates.D.Toinvestigatehowplantsandanimalswillrespondastheclimatechanges.第三篇RocketsintheSkyIfsomeoneaskedyou."Whatcoloristhesky?"Iexpectthatyouwouldanswer,"Blue."Iamafraidthatyouwouldbewrong.Theskyhasnocolor.Whenweseeblue,wearelookingatbluesunlight.Thesunlightisshiningonlittlebitsofdustintheair.Weknowthatthereisairallaroundtheworld.Wecouldnotbreathewithoutair.Airplanescoutdnotflywithoutair.Theyneedairtolifttheirwings.Airplanescannotflyveryhighbecauseastheygohighertheairgetsthinner.Ifwegofarenoughawayfromtheearth,wefindthereisnoair.Whatisthesky?Theskyisspace.Inthisspacethereisnothingexceptthesun,themoonandallthestars.Scientistshavealwayswantedtoknowmoreabouttheotherworldsinthespace.Theyhavelookedatthemthroughtelescopesandinthiswaytheyhavefoundoutagreatdeal.Themoonisabout384.000kilometersawayfromtheearth.Anairplanecannotflytothemoonbutthereisathingthatcanflyevenwhenthereisnoair.Thisisrocket.Iamsurethatyouareasking."Howdoesarocketfly?"Ifyouwanttoknow,getaballoonandthenblowitupuntilitisquitebig.Donottieuptheneckoftheballoon.Letgo!Theballoonwillflyoffthroughtheairveryquickly.Theairinsidetheballoontriestogetout.Itrushesoutthroughneck0ftheballOOflandthispushestheballoonthroughtheair.Itdoesnotneedwingslikeanair.plane.Thisishowarocketworks.Itisnotmadeofrubberlikeaballoon,ofcourse.Itismadeofmetal.Themetalmustnotbeheavybutitmustbeverystrong.Thereisgasinsidetherocketwhichismadeveryhot.Whenitrushesoutoftheendoftherocket,therocketispushedupintotheair.Rocketscanflyfaroutintospace.Rocketswithmeninsidethemhavealreadyreachedthemoon.Severalrockets,withoutmeninsidethem,havebeensenttootherworldsmuchfartheraway.Onedayrocketsmaybeabletogoanywhereinthespace.41.Whatcoloristhesky?A.ItiSblue.B.ItiSwhite.C.Itisgrey.D.Ithasnocolor.42.Whenanairplanefliestoohigh,___________.A.theairwillbetoothintosupportitswings.B.theairwillbecomethicker.C.theairwillexertpressureonit.D.theairwilldisappearinnotime.43.Arocketcanflytothemoonbecause__________A.itlookslikeaballoon.B.itismuchlighterthananairplane.C.itdoesn'thavewings.D.itworkslikeanuntiedballoon.44.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutarocketisNOTtrue?A.Itcanflywhenthereisnoair.B.Itcanflywithoutwings.C.Itismadeofstrongmetal.D.Itispropelledbyburninggasinsideit.45.Arocketispushedupintotheairwhen__________A.hotgasrushesoutofitshead.B.itispoweredbygas.C.hotgasrushesoutofitsbottom.D.hotgasrushesoutofitsneck.第5部分:补全短文(第46~50题,每题2分。共lO分)下面的短文有5处空白,短文后有6个句子,其中5个取自短文,请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置,以恢复文章原貌。HousesofFutureWhatwillhousesbelikeinthirtyyears'time?Noonereallyknows,butarchitectsaretryingtopredict.________(46)。Futurehouseswillhavetobeflexible.Inthirtyyears'timeevenmoreofuswillbeworkingfromhome.Sowewillhavetobeabletouseareasofthehouseforworkforpartofthedayandforlivingfortherest.Familiesgrowandchangewithchildrenarriving,growingupandleavinghome._________(47),nothingwillbeasfixedasitisnow.Thehousewillalwaysbechangingtomeetchangingneeds.Everyoneagreesthatinthirtyyeasr'stimewewillbelivingin"intelligent"houses.Wewillbeabletotalktoourkitchenmachinesanddiscusswiththemwhattodo.Likethis,"we'llbehayingapartythisweekend.Whatfoodshallwecook?"_________(48)。Wewillbeabletoleavemostofthecookingtothemachines,justtastingthingsfromtimetotimetocheck.Thehouseofthefuturewillbepersonal-eachhouse,__________(49),youwon'thayetopaintthem-you'llbeabletotellthewalltochangethecolor!Andifyoudon'tlikethecolorthenextday.Youwillbeabletohaveanewone.______(50)。A.youwillbeabletochangethecolorofthewalleasilyB.theonlythingyouwon'tbeabletodoismovingthehousesoreewhereelseC.andthemachinewilltelluswhatfoodwewillhavetobuyandhowt0cookitD.whatwillourhomebelikeE.thehouseofthefuturewillhavetogrowandchangewiththefamilyF.thekidsmighttaketheirbedroomswiththemasthevhave第6部分:完形填空(第51~65题,每题1分,共15分)下面的短文有15处空白,请根据短文内容为每处空白拟定1个最佳选项。SeeingRedMeansDangerAheadThecolorredoftenmeansdangerandbypayingattention,accidentscanbeprevented.Inthefuture,thecolorredalsomayhelp__________(51)dangeratconstructionsites.Thankstonewworkbyengineers,bridgesupportsor_________(52)kindsofmaterialscouldonedavcontainacolorswitchingmaterial.Itwillturnred__________(53)astructurecollapsesorfallsapart.Thesecret_________(54)thecolorswitchingmaterialisaparticulartypeofmolecule(分子)。Amoleculeisagroupofatoms(原子)heldtogetherbychemicalbonds.Moleculescome(55)allshapesandsizes,andmakeup___________(56)。Youcansee,touchorfeel.Howamole.culebehavesdependson___________(57)kindsofatomsitcontains,andhowthev'reheldtogether.Whenapolymer(聚合物)containingacolorswitchingmoleculecalledamechanophore(机械响应性聚合物)whichisabouttobreak,itproducea__________(58)。Whenapolymerwithmechanophoremoleculesbecomes"injured"or_______________(59),oneofthemechanophorebonds__________(60)andthematerialturnsred."It'sareallysimpledetectionmethod."saysNancySottos,oneofthescientistswhoworkedontheproject.Sottosandherteamtestedthecolorswitc.hingpolymersintheirlab.Thetest__________(61)provedencouraging.Thereisawaytogetridofthecolor.light.Whenabrightlightisshoneonthemechanophore.Thebrokenbondisfixedandtheredcolor____________(62)。This"self-healing"maybeaProblemforengineers.Theyneedtousethecolorchangerinbigconstructionprojectsthatwillbe(63)insunlight.Andsunlightwillmakethemechanophore'swarmingsystem_________(64)。Sottosandherfellowscientistsstillhave______________(65)worktodobefore.Thecolorswitc.hingmoleculescanbeusedoutsidethelab.51.A.throwB.preventC.createD.keep52.A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others53.A.untilB.althoughC.afterD.before54.A.onB.behindC.underD.down55.A.forB.inC.fromD.at56.A.nothingB.anyoneC.someoneD.everything57.A.whyB.howC.whatD.where58.A.colorB.troubleC.whatD.where59.A.strongB.soffC.weakD.time60.A.closesB.breaksC.increasesD.bums61.A.resultsB.rulesC.toolsD.methods62.A.repairsB.controlsC.finishesD.disappears63.A.insideB.besideC.outsideD.above64.A.dangerousB.uselessC.helpfulD.important65.A.apartofB.atypeofC.alotofD.apartof参考答案:第1部分:词汇选项1.B[解析]本句话的意思是公司有权在任何时候与他终止劳动关系。provide,offer:提供;continue:继续;只有stop和end同义,为终止、结束的意思。2.D[解析]本句话的意思是在这个过程中,光能转化成热能。reduce,drop:减少;leaveto:留给;只有claange同convert,意为转化。3.A[解析]本句话的意思是她放弃了工作开始写诗。abantlon:积极放弃,同giveup;lost:被动丢失,不符;takethejob,搭配不妥;create:发明,语意不通。4.B[解析]本句话的意思是我们非常快乐地宣布今年的业绩辉煌。risky:有风险的;successful:成功的,同booming;failing:失败的;open:开放的。5.C[解析]本句话的意思是我们一起渡过了艰难的时期。diffocult:艰难,同mugh;long:长时间的;happy:快乐的;short:短时间的。6.D[解析]本句话的意思是小偷在离村子两英里的地方被抓住了。found:找到;killed:被杀;jailed:投进监狱;caught:抓住,同capturecl.7.D[解析]本句话的意思是假如我留下来,未来有哪些晋升的机会呢?retirement:退休;advertisement:广告;replacement:替代;advancement:提高、晋升,同promotion.8.A[解析]本句话的意思是我建议我们下一次会上讨论这个。demancl,order,request均意为强烈的规定;只有suggest意为建议、建议。9.A[解析]本句话的意思是R0dman见Tony,希望能解决关于他协议上的纠纷。solve:解决,同settle;avoid:避免;mark:标记;involve:陷入,涉及。10.A[解析]本句话的意思是你能给出一个具体的例子来支持你的观点么?specific:具体的,同concrete;real:真实的;special:特别的;goocl:好的。11.B[解析]本句话的意思是这幅画太棒了,色彩和光影的运用特别巧妙。large:大;wonclerful:棒、好极了,同fascinating(梦幻的,很好的);new:新的;famlliar:熟悉的。外语¥教育网编辑整理12.D[解析]本句话的意思是,我们在社会问题的解决方法上已有了重大的改变。quick:快速;regulaur:寻常的;clear:清楚的;greal:重大的,伟大的,同marked(具有标志性意义的)。13.D[解析]本句话的意思是当我看到电话账单时,我惊呆了。excited:激动;aJlgry:气愤;lost:迷失了;surpEised:惊讶,同slIOCked(震惊,惊呆)。14.A[解析]本句话的意思是警察取得指纹,确认了尸体的身份。recognize:确认,认出,同identity(确认);missed:错过;discovered:发现;touch:触摸。15.C[解析]本句话的意思是假如我们现在走,应当可以避免交通高峰。mix:混合;stop:停止;avoid;避免,同miss(错过,想念)。direct:指导。第2部分:阅读判断16.A[解析]文章第一段的倒数第三句就说到至少有七条地质断层穿越旧金山而过。17.C[解析]文章虽然说旧金山大地震的破坏力非常之大,但是没有明确指出其限度是美国历史之最,所以是"notment:ionecl".18.A[解析]文章中说到较大一点的地震其速度至少会超过3500米,而问题为旧金山大地震时断层滑动最快的速度可以到达多少,根据逻辑推断,应当是超过3500米,所以对的。19.B[解析]文章第五段的第二句话就说到192023前地震频繁,所以题干错误。20.B[解析]虽然文章的五、六两段都阐述了科学家们做的积极准备,以及新建建筑物的牢固限度,但之后又话锋一转,说尚有84%的老楼不够安全,而在最后一段,也提及人们的心态似乎比较放松,没有较多的忧患意识,因此来判断该题不对的。21.C[解析]第五段的最后一句话说科学家们预测到62%地震发生的概率,但是这并不意味着科学家们就能预测出准确的时间,最后一段也说明这是个时间问题,而没有明确说明时间,所以该题选择没有提及。22.A[解析]本题如上题,科学家们预测出了地震发生的概率为62%,同时最后一句话说只是时间问题,可见,大地震袭击旧金山是不可避免的。参考译文大地震要来了?居住在旧金山的每个人都知道海湾地区易发生地震,并且它们可以是毁灭性的。例如在192023,一场大地震摧毁了28,000幢建筑并夺去了成千上万人的性命。旧金山的居民们都在紧张下一场这样的世纪大地震何时到来。这势必会发生,由于至少有七条活跃的地质断层线穿过旧金山。断层指的是地壳之间发生互相滑动的位置,当断层面滑动时,地震就发生了。为了做好防范,科学家们采用了一些新技术再次分析192023大地震,来预测下一场地震来时,会导致多大的破坏。一个新的发现就是192023大地震时,旧金山断层滑移的速度比科学家们原先预想的要快一些。发生小地震时,断层断裂的速度是每秒2700米。而大一点的地震,移动的速度可以超过每秒3500米。如此之快的速度将产生巨大的压力,其所生成的地震波比地震自身的破坏力更为强大。而旧金山幸运的是,地震时压力脉冲的运营远离了城市,否则损失将更为巨大,尽管破坏已经够严重的了。放眼未来,科学家们正在预测下一场地震何时会来。记录显示,在1096年前,地震就经常发生。192023之后,地壳似乎安静了一些。但根据数据显示,在2032年之前,下一场大地震袭击海湾地区的也许性至少有62%。现在,尽管旧金山新建的大楼为了防止地震建造得十分坚固、安全,但仍有84%的建筑物老、旧危险。分析数据显示,下一场大地震很也许会导致巨大的损失。由于地壳运动渐渐平复,居住在旧金山的人们安全感渐长。但根据最新的研究,大地震终将发生,只是时间的问题。第3部分:概括大意与完毕句子23.E[解析]第一段开篇就说手机发明到现在几近四分之一个世纪,又对比了手机初期和近期在功能上的不同,可以想见是在叙述手机的历史。24.C[解析]第二段讲手机在人们的生活中十分普及,许多人离不开手机,用于各个场合,因而旨在说明手机存在于每个人的生活中。25.A[解析]第三段例举了手机对于家人联系上的作用,有助于减少家庭的误会纠纷,有助于父母联系孩子,因而讲的是同家庭的关系。26.F[解析]最后一段第一句就说明了该段要讲的是手机带来的问题,段中举了青少年的例子,因此D选项有一定的迷惑性,但是纵观全段,还是不局限于只描写青少年,因此选F.27.F[解析]文中原文:flowtlaerearecountlessnewfacilities28.A[解析]文中原文:cellplnonesaretlseclineveryarea0fourliyesancIllaveIlecomeanecessarytool29.B[解析]文中原文:wecanusecellphonestoletourfamilyknowwe'llbelateoriftlaere'sasuddenchangeofplanoranemergency30.C[解析]文中原文:tlleyhavebroughtwithtllemanumberofnewIleaclacIlesfortheirowners参考译文手机无论你信不信,手机的诞生到现在已经近四分之一个世纪了。1979年,日本研发了第一个商业手机系统,当然,现在的手机系统已经更新了好几代了。初期的手机又大又重,而现在它已经变得如巴掌般大小轻巧。且在功能上有了奔腾式的改善。呼喊转接、发短信、答录功能和免提功能,这些早已出现,但现在又有了数不尽的新功能,如即时上网和收发图片。手机早已在人们的生活中普及,最新的数据显示世界每三个人中就有一个拥有手机,并且很多人说他们离不开手机。生活的各个方面都也许需要用到手机,它已成为一项必备的工具,用于社交和商业场合。假如你的车在高速公路上出现事故,手机能迅捷地为你呼喊帮助。当人们在"四处奔波"时,即旅游的时候,也可以保持联系。手机使得人们的联系更为便捷并且在一定限度上减少了家人之间的争辩。当我们要迟到、临时变更计划或发生突发紧急事件时,我们可以及时告知家人。手机使得成千上万的父母放下心来,当他们的孩子外出晚归时,他们可以随时保持联系。但这也并不意味着手机带来的都是好处。它同时也给主人带来了一系列麻烦事:假如你手机遭窃,那么再买一个的成本也不小,这恐怕也是家常便饭的事了。此外,你要为话费账单花很多钱。尚有更为潜在的健康问题,人们紧张手机的辐射也许会导致脑肿瘤。这对于那些由手机陪同成长的青少年来说,无疑是一枚定期炸弹。第4部分:阅读理解第一篇31.D[解析]本句话的译文为每年冬天北极附近的北冰洋开始结冰,build为结冰的意思,expanel有容积扩张的意思,所以与build相符;而construct为修筑、建筑的意思,所以不能选。32.A[解析]原文为bytheendofsummer2023,theicehadshrunktocoverjust.4.2millionsquarekilometers.33.A[解析]第五段的最后一句话和第六段的第一、二句话说明了科学家们推测冰川融化的因素,一为强风;二为较少的云,即clearskies.34.D[解析]据第七段的第一句话withbothairantlwatergettingwarmer可知。35.C[解析]本文讲述的科学家们紧张气温上升、冰川融化,最后一句话体现了主旨,所以选C.参考译文北极冰山融化地球的北极和南极都以冰冷闻名。但是,去年北冰洋上的冰含量跌到了历史最低点。正常情况下,每年冬天北极附近的北冰洋开始结冰,并在夏天缩减。但是数年以来,夏天结束时冰的含量在下降。自从1979年以来,每2023在夏季末的冰覆盖量都下降11.4%。在1981到2023年之间,北极冰的厚度下降了22%,变成了1.13米这么薄。去年,北极的冰雪覆盖达成了最薄的限度。在2023年夏天快结束的时候,冰层已经缩减到只覆盖420万平方公里。这比往年的平均覆盖面积少38%,比2年前最低记录少23%。这个连续的趋势令科学家们万分担忧。冰雪融化有许多因素,西雅图华盛顿大学的海洋学家张金伦说,有许多因素导致了冰层融化。极不寻常的强风去年刮过大西洋,把大西洋中部的冰吹散去,留下大面积的薄冰和没有冰覆盖的海面。科学家们还怀疑在大西洋上空有跟过去相比越来越少的云层。晴朗的天空使更多的阳光照射大西洋。额外的热量使水和空气都变得温暖。去年大西洋的部分海域,表面温度比平均温度高3.5摄氏度,比历史最高点还高1.5摄氏度。由于空气和水都变暖,冰从上面和下面都开始融化。在波弗特海的部分海域,阿拉斯加的北部和加拿大的西部,夏天开始时冰的厚度为3.3米,但到了季末仅仅为50厘米。新的测量表白,情况远远比科学家们仅仅从表面上看到的严重得多。新罕布什尔州汉诺威市的地球物理学家DonaldK.Perovich如是说。一些科学家紧张北极已经深陷变热的趋势不能恢复。第二篇36.C[解析]前文提到科学家们没有也许去观测每一个地方的气候变化现象,所以邀请普通人为他们观测、收集信息。37.B[解析]根据"sentltlaeii'obseivationstoagiantdataJbaset0beobsetveclbyprofessionalscientists''可得知。38.B[解析]根据后文"afewminuteseachday0reachweektogatherdataandsencIitin",可见就是对citizenscientist的描述。39.A[解析]文章全文都在说普通人参与科学研究的项目,因此,只有A选项不符合。其他选项都能在文中找出。40.D[解析]问题为finalpurpose,所以选D,跳过C.参考译文公民科学家理解大自然对气候变化有如何的反映需要监视世界各个角落的关键的生命周期现象——花开、叶子的出现,第一只青蛙叫出春天的到来。但是生态学家不也许去到世界的各个角落,所以他们有时也向被称作公民科学家的非科学家求助。气象科学家不也许足迹遍及天下。由于在世界上有如此多的地方,没有足够的科学家来观测它们。所以他们请求你来帮助观测全世界气候变化的迹象。公民科学家运动鼓励普通人根据自己的爱好来观测某一个特定的方面,如鸟儿、树木、花蕾等等,并把他们的观测结果发送到一个巨大的数据库来供专业科学家研究。这有助于数量有限的科学家得到假如只靠他们自己主线收集不到的巨大数据。就像公民记者帮助报道传统新闻报道方式所忽略的小型社区的相关信息同样,公民科学家也对他们所居住的环境很熟悉。他们所需要做的就是天天或每周留出几分钟来搜集数据并发送过来。一群科学家和教育家在去年发起了一个叫做"纽约国家"物候学组织。"物候学"就是科学家们所说的在自然中研究每个事件的时间。其中一个小组的首要尝试就是依靠科学家和非科学家来收集关于每年植物开花和长叶子的数据。这一项目叫做花季追踪计划,它收集遍布美国的各种各样的植物生长周期的数据。参与这一项目的人们——这一计划对所有人开放——把他们的观测记录在花季追踪计划网站上。"人们不需要植物学家——他们仅仅需要环视四周看看周边有什么",Jennifersc

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