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ThebrainbasisofunderstandingThebrainbasisofunderstandingother’smindJianqiaoGeTheBrain:whatmakesusBrainSize/WeightOrBrain-BodySize/WeightThecomplexityofsulciincreasedthroughoutComparative lianBrainIndeed,WhatTheBrain:whatmakesus–Increasesinvolumecomefromincreasesinthenumberofcellsandincreasesintheir Understandingthe Brain100billionAtypicalneuronhasabout1,000to10,000synapses(thatis,itcommunicateswith1,000–10,000otherneurons,musclecells,glands,etc.).100trillionNeurons:BasicFunctionalBuildingBlocksDifferentTypesof100BillionNeuronsintheHumanBrainEachconnecteddirectlyto1,000otherEachreceives100ofinputsinamillisecondEachconnectedtoeveryotherneuroninthebrainwithnomorethan6TheBrain:KeyThehumanbraindiffersfromothermlsinthemassiveincreaseinnumberofneuronsandtheirinterconnectionsLittleornochangeinthepropertiesofindividualneurons.Quiz:Whichofthefollowingbrainbelongstoahumanbeing?TheBrain:whatmakesusMacroscopicUnderstandingthe

Voluntaryaction,complexjudgment,symbolicthoughtEmotion,simplejudgmentSensoryinformation

RepetitivemovementUnderstandingtheTriuneBrain(三体脑NewBrain黑猩猫Old

Ancient ArewethemostluxuriousbeingonTheCostofHuman’s“Large”Expensive:2%bodymassvs.20%totalExpensiveorgans:heart,liver,kidney,gastrointestinaltract(total:70%)EnergyCrisis:dietTheprenatalandearlychildhoodgrowth:60%ofbasalmetabolism(slowdowntill7yrs)Foodqualitysolution:social BrainastheengineofRothandDicke.(2005)TRENDSinTheSocialatribeofTheEvolutionary izeindividual’sabilityandstrength(survivalandreproduction) izegroup’sabilityandstrength(survivalandreproduction)ExtendedHumanOrderofmagnitudelongerthananyotherExtendedperiodofpost-natalbraindevelopmentinin ctionwithExtendedperiodofmaternal,paternal,familialandcommunitycontactand ~2~1.4

~1.3

costnutrientspressureforgreaterin Brain-Gene6,000years(Evans,IncreasingIQ:nutrition,education,environment

TheModernTwistofDunbar’sSocialBrainDohumansandtheirbrainshaveuniqueproperties?Theory-of-SyntacticalRothandDicke.(2005)TRENDSinDohumansandtheirbrainshaveuniqueproperties?Theory-of-SyntacticalRothandDicke.(2005)TRENDSinThebrainbasisofunderstandingThebrainbasisofunderstandingother’smindReadingOther’sMind-readingisageneralabilityinourhumanbeingsWhydowereadHowdowereadSomebodywhohasWhoisthebettermind-WhydowehavetoreadTheEvolutionBodyLanguage, –TheBasisofsocialGameHowDoWeReadMovieclipWesternWesternPhilosophy:understandingSimulationTheory-Mind-WhendowefirstshowthisHowtotestFalsebeliefStoryandBurglarPreviousPreviousresearch(Gallagher,(Gallagher,ClassicTaskinFalseFalsebelieftask(WimmerandPerner,1983)Howdowereadother’swhatCLUEsdoweengageinthisreading?BiologicalHumanBody?Standstill?Smell,SpecialStyleandWhorunsthe

TheBRAINTheBRAINExtrastriateBodyFusiformFaceMirrorImportantfromVisualInputsPresentNeuralNetworksforAnteriorParacingulate->MedialPrefrontalCortexSuperiorTemporalSulcus(GallagherandFrith, (Saxe,2003,2004,2005,2006;Frith,2006BiologicalCreaturesorHumanorMaleorBMLDistinctNeurocognitiveStrategiesforComprehensionsofHumanandArtificialIn GeandHan(2008)PLoSExperimentalExperimentalNeuralsubstrates (GeandHan,NeuralNeuralsubstratesofdeductive(GeandHan,NeuralNeuralsubstratesofmentalROI-taking

self-reference(Zhu,2007;Han,

DeductiveReasoning(GeandHan,NegativecorrelationbetweenneuralactivitiesatPCuandEnhanced~inhibitionofself-referentialprocessing(GeandHan,ResponseResponseTime%difference(MIvs.DR)(GeandHan,MIMIcomparedtobaselineGeneralinferentialprocessing(GeandHan,Understandingotherpeople’sTakingotherpeople’s andinhibitingthebeliefobtainedfromself- -specific(notinphysical-Human ligence-specific(notinWhyWhydidKasparov ApplicationsinAutismFastanddistinctneuralmechanismofunderstandingother’s“MindintheEyes”(Baron-Cohen,RestingCross-languagedifferencesinthebrainnetworksubservingin ligiblespeechGeetal.(2015)servingforoursociallifeofdailyLanguageanotsouniversal“language中文vs973课题“中国中文语言听觉加工的脑网声音语音语大脑如何完成对中文语言的听觉可理解性 ligibility)自动加工大脑颞叶皮层和额叶皮层的神经元及其网络在完成中文语言听觉加工的动态脑网络连接机制是怎样已有的对英文语言听觉可理解性加工脑网络的研中文语言听觉加工的特异性脑网络机制

(Leff,中文语言听觉加工脑网络的MRI实验过程:被试聆听音频语采用3种中文语料(各84个实验任务:判断语语言可理解性

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