2023届江苏省常州市礼嘉高考英语一模试卷含解析

2023高考英语模拟试卷考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—Joe,whataboutgoingtoBelgiumforourcomingholiday?—Sorry,honey,I_________onthenewlydiscovereddinosaursiteinArgentina．Thereareremainsofwhatisthoughttobethelargestcreatureevertowalktheearth.A．wasworking B．workC．willbeworking D．worked2．IthoughtFatherwouldbebetter,but______itis,heisgettingworse,whichmakesmemoreworried.A．before B．as C．because D．after3．Theaffairsofeachcountryshouldbebyitsownpeople.A．electedB．settledC．developedD．contained4．Withnoonethem，thetwothievesstoleintothehouse．A．watchB．watchingC．watchesD．watched5．Theimportance______anationaldayandhowitiscelebratedareverydifferentfromcountrytocountry.A．connectedto B．givento C．meaningto D．attachedto6．Onlyafterhewasbroughttothepolicestationdidtheboy________hehadstolensomepursesfromotherpassengers.A．participate B．acknowledgeC．realize D．summarize7．—I’mafraidIcouldn’tgotoyourbirthdayparty.IhaveatestnextMonday.—Oh，！You’remybestfriendandyoumustbethere！A．goahead B．comeon C．youneedn’t D．itdoesn’tmatter8．Thesplitbetweenhumansandlivingapesisthoughtbysomescholars____15to20millionyearsago.A．tooccur B．occurring C．tohaveoccurred D．havingoccurred9．Everythingseemedtobegoing________forthefirsttwodaysafterIarrivedinNewYork.A．vividly B．generally C．frequently D．smoothly10．Thefarmersareinbadneedofrain,buta(an)largeamountofrainfallwillcauseFloods.A．Eventually B．constantly C．gradually D．extremely11．Recently,aprogrammercriticizedthe“996”workschedule______employeesworkfrom9amto9pm,6daysaweek,withtheprospectofendingupinanintensivecareunit.A．where B．when C．which D．whose12．—WherewasI?—You________youdidn’tlikeyourjob.A．hadsaidB．saidC．weresayingD．hassaid13．—You’veagreedtogo,sowhyaren’tyougettingready?—ButI________thatIwasexpectedtosetoffatonce.A．don’trealizeB．didn’trealizeC．haven’trealizedD．hadn’trealized14．TheartistissaidduringtheproductionandthusapiratedvideowassoldineverypartofKenya.A．tobecheated B．beingcheatedC．tohavebeencheated D．havingbeencheated15．Hewouldbeinbetterhealthnow_______withtoomuchworkwhenyoung.A．hadhenotburdenedhimself B．ifhewasnotburdenedC．werehenotburdened D．hadhenotbeenburdenedhimself16．Facedwitheconomicslowdown,somecompaniesareplanningtouserobotsto______humanworkerstoreducetheirlaborcosts.A．compensate B．substituteC．symbolize D．discriminate17．Peterhaspreviousexperience,______Ithinkhe’stherightpersonforthejob.A．orB．butC．forD．so18．EgyptianPresidentdecidedto______onFridayafternoonafteran18-daycampaignagainsthim,endinghisthirty-yearrule.A．stepdown B．breakin C．breakdown D．stepin19．—HaveyouseenJiangWen’smovieLettheBulletsFlyrecently?—Yes.Iittwicelastweek,Athomeandinthetheatre.A．hadenjoyed B．enjoyed C．haveenjoyed D．wasenjoying20．—WhereisPeter?Ican'tfindhimanywhere.—Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastand________hisessaythereeversince.A．wrote B．hadwritten C．hasbeenwriting D．iswriting第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）ToddlerWorldNurserywasdelightedtoemployatrainee---twenty-two-oldJonathanBrown—astheirfirstmalenurseryschoolteacher.Hewasalsotheonlymanwhoappliedforthejob,but,insistsMargeryBowman,headteacherofToddlerWorld,byfarthebestapplicant.“Bothboysandgirlswillbenefitfromtheexperienceofhavingamalerolemodelinthenursery.”Saysmotheroftwo,Margery.Jonathanhasalwaysbeeninterestedinchildcare.Hisownmotherisachildminderandhisfatherisateacher.“I’vealwayshelpedMumwithlookingafterallthechildren.”hesays.“I’musedtochangingnappies,feedingbabies,readingstoriesandplayingwithLego.”ButJonathanisararemaleinafemaleworld.Only2%ofnurseryteachersaremenandthishasn’tchangedfortenyears.RogerOlsenoftheNationalNurseryTrustsaid,“Menareoftenviewedwithanxietyandsuspicion(怀疑)inachildren’senvironment.Ortheyareexpectedtodothingsthewaywomenwoulddothem.Butmenbringdifferentthingsintochildcareandthishastoberecoginsed.”Jonathanagrees.Heisaqualifiedunder-7sfootballcoach,andplantstointroducefootballlessonstothenurseryforboysandgirls.WhatdoJonathan’sfriendsthinkofhischoiceofcareer?“Actually,mostofthemareprettycoolaboutitnow.”hesays,“thoughtheydomakejokesaboutnappies.AndI’vefoundthatgirlsareactuallyquiteimpressed–sothat’sgood!”1、WhywasJonathanemployedbyToddlerWorldNursery?A．Hewasthebestamongalltheapplicants.B．Hewastheonlymanwhoappliedforthejob.C．Hewouldbeabletoteachkidstoplayfootball.D．Hewoulddothingsthewaywomenwoulddothem.2、Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“childminder”(Para.2)?A．Instructor.B．Superior.C．Baby-sitter.D．Coach.3、WhatdidRogerOlsensayaboutthejobofchildcare?A．Ithasbeenwomen-specific.B．Itrequirespeople’sunderstanding.C．Ittakestimetomakesomechanges.D．Itneedsmenteacherstobringsomethingdifferent22．（8分）Differencesintimezonescomplicateinternationalphonecalls.Butevenmoreimportantaredifferentconceptsoftimeandapproachestotimeindifferentcultures.PeoplefromtheUSAaswellasotherNorthAmericansbelieve“Timeismoney”.Thisvalueoftimeisrootedintheirancestors.Earlyinthe17thcentury,theirancestorsarrivedontheAtlanticcoast,anew,undevelopedland.Tosurviveinthetoughenvironment,theyhadtostruggledayandnight.Timemeantsomuchtothemthattheyhadnotevenonesecondtowaste.Afterdecadesofstruggle,theydevelopedthevalueofefficientuseoftimeandpasseditdown.Thusfar,theAmericansarestilleagertofinishthingsquicklyandareimpatientwithtooreflective(深思熟虑的)people.Insomecountries,theAmericanworkstyleofspeedingeverythingupwillhavenosignificance.IntheArabEast,themoreimportantyouare,thefasterserviceyouget.Closerelativestakeabsolutepriority;non-relativesarekeptwaiting.IntheMiddleEast,adeadline,whichisoftenestablishedtoshowthedegreeofurgencyorimportanceofwork,willdonothingbutstoptheMiddleEasternersfromworking,becausetheyconsideritrudeandoverlydemanding.Anotheraspectreflectingdifferentconceptsoftimeistheclassificationofmonochronic-timeandpolychronic-timebyEdwardTHall.Peoplefrommonchronic(共时性的)cultures,suchastheGermans,theAustrians,theSwissandtheAmericans,doonlyoneimportantthingatatime.Inpolychromic(多元时间模式的)cultures,peoplesuchasArab,AsiansandLatinAmericanstakeanentirelyoppositeapproach.Theydoseveralthingsatonce.Timecommitments,e.g.deadlines,schedules,aretakenrathercasuallyandchangedoftenandeasily.Miscommuicationwillarisewhenpeoplefromtwoculturescontact.CharliesHawkins,aU.S.teacher,toldmethatmanyatimehisappointmentswithIndianswereinterruptedconstantly,notonlybyprivatephonecalls,butalsobylongconversationswithotherpeopleandeventheneighbor’schildren,whichdispleasedandevenannoyedhim.1、WhydidtheancestorsoftheNorthAmericansbelieve“Timeismoney”?A．Theyhadtoworkefficientlytosurvive. B．Theygottheideafromtheirpastgenerations.C．Theydidn’tliketodealwithreflectivepeople. D．Theyformedthehabitoffinishingworkaheadoftime.2、WhatcanbeconcludedfromParagraph3?A．DeadlineswillmakeAmericanpeopleangry.B．IntheArabEast,you’dbetterspeedeverythingup.C．MiddleEasternerscan’tdealwithdemandingwork.D．PeoplefromtheArabEastattachimportancetorelationship.3、Whatcanwelearnaboutpeoplefrommonochroniccultures?A．Theytendtointerruptothersconstantly.B．Theycan’ttoleratelatenessorinterruptions.C．Theyaremorelikelytochangetheirschedules.D．Theyliketoscheduleseveralactivitiesatthesametime.4、Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheimportanceofthediversityofcultureB．TherelationshipbetweenefficiencyandcultureC．DifferenttimevaluesindifferentculturesD．Monochroniccultureandpolychronicculture23．（8分）ThesummerbeforeseventhgradeourfamilymovedandIsaidgoodbyetoeverythingthatwasfamiliar.Formyparentsitwasagoodthingbecauseitmeantowningahomeforthefirsttime.ButitmeantthatIdhavetochangeschoolsandthatputsomebutterfliesinmystomach.Onthefirstdayofschool,kidsjammedtheschoolgrounds.That’swhenImetBarbara.Wemadeanervousconversationandsoonlearnedwewereinthesameclass.Shewasfunnyandwehadalotincommon.Butshewasverycriticalofothersandsometimesofme.Shemadefunofmybushyhair,mybigglassesandtheclothesIwore.Butitseemedasthoughthethingswehadincommonweremoreimportantthantheannoyances.Thegirlsinthe“popular”crowdhadalsobeenexposedtohersharptongue.Oneday,oneofthegirlsapproachedmewhileIgatheredmybooks.“Wereallylikeyou,”shesaid.“Theonlywayyoucanplaywithus,though,isifyoukeepyourdistancefromBarbara.”Werethosegirlsonlytryingtomaketroublebetweenthetwoofus?Wouldtheywatchmedump(抛弃)Barbaraandthendumpmeforlaughs?FromthecomerofmyeyeIfoundtwooftheothergirlsfromthegroup.Theywerewatchingmeandgiggling(咯咯地笑).IwonderedifIwascoolenoughforthem.Ididn’twanttomakethechoicetheywereforcingmetomake.SoIshookmyheadandsaid,“Idon’tthinkso.IlikeBarbaraandwe’regoodfriends.”ThenIgatheredmybooksandranaway.EventhoughBarbarastillannoyedmeattimes,IknewI’ddonetherightthing.I’dmademyowndecisionaboutagirlwhohadbefriendedmewhenIbadlyneededafriend.WhenshemovedthefollowingyearImissedherfriendshipterribly.ButwhatIkepthasneverleftme—myself-respect.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasemean?A．Gotmetofeelmoreexcited.B．Leftmeinastateofdesire.C．Broughtmemoreexpectation.D．Mademehaveanervousfeeling.2、WhatdoweknowaboutBarbara?A．Shewasagirlwithasharptongue.B．Shewaspopularwithkidsatschool.C．Sheofferedothershelpincriticalmoments.D．Shewasverycriticalofherowndress.3、Whatwasthewriteraskedtodobyonegirl?A．Tojointhe“popular”crowd.B．ToendherfriendshipwithBarbara.C．ToinviteBarbaratohangoutwiththem.D．Topretendtobecoolinthe“popular”crowd.4、Whatlessondidthewriterlearnfromherexperience?A．Keepfarawayfromthe“popular”group.B．Avoidmakingfriendswithanannoyingperson.C．Keepself-respectinmakingyourowndecisions.D．Sharecommoninterestwithyourfriends.24．（8分）Whilesmartphonesstandaccusedofavarietyofcrimes,thesepocketcomputerscancertainlybeaforceforgood.Yourphoneisalwayswithyou,makingittheperfectdevicetopushyouintoamorebeneficialwayofliving.Herearesomeofthebestappsthatcanhelp.HabiticaHabiticaturnsthegoalofforminggoodhabitsintoagame,withitsowncharactersandscoring.It’salotoffun，andtheappalsoletsyoubuildhabitswithfriendsandfamily.Inadditiontoregularrepeatinghabits,youcanaddamoregeneralto-dolist,andtherewardsyougetcanbecustomizedtoo—youcouldtreatyourselftoamealoutoranextrahourofgames.SmokeFreeIfyou’vegotaspecifichabitinmind，thenyou’llusuallyfindspecificappstohelp,likeSmokeFree.Ifyou’redeterminedtogiveupsmoking,thenthisisoneofthemostcomprehensiveappsforgivingyouthatextrapushyouneedtomakeapermanentchange.Theappoffersahostofusefulfeaturesforpeoplewantingtogosmoke-free：Theabilitytoseeyourprogressovertime，chartsshowinghowyourhealthisimproving，day-by-dayencouragement，andsomeadviceontechniquesforgivingupsmoking.MyFitnessPalYoucanfindatonofhealthandfitnessappsforyourphone,butMyFitnessPalstandsoutnotjustbecauseitiseasytouse,butbecauseitmakespracticalsuggestionsforyou.Itcantakeinahostofdata,fromthecalories(卡路里)you’retakingintothenumberofswimsyou’redoingperweek,andofferreportsoncalorieconsumptionandmacronutrient(大量营养素）breakdown.1、WhatcanHabiticahelpyoutodo?A．Winatoughgame. B．Startalastingfriendship.C．Findafancyrestaurant. D．Developapleasanthabit.2、WhichofthefollowingcanSmokeFreeprovide?A．Thefreedomtosmoke. B．Theabilitytomakeprogress.C．Adviceonhowtoquitsmoking. D．Chartsaboutyourexcellenthealth.3、Whatcanwelearnaboutthethreeappsmentionedinthetext?A．They’recheap. B．They’repractical.C．They’refree. D．They’reinteresting.25．（10分）AGoodNight’sSleepSleepplaysavitalroleingoodhealthandwell-beingthroughoutyourlife．Whileyou’resleeping,yourbrainisformingnewpathwaystohelpyoulearnandrememberinformation.Althoughweallknowtheimportanceofgettingagoodnight'ssleep,notallofusknowthebestwayofgettingit.Asleepexpert,PhilAtherton,gavesometoptipsforgettingthemostoutofthenight,whichwillleaveyoureadyforactioninthemorning.AccordingtoPhilAtherton,noteatingalargemealbeforebedtimeisimportantforgettingagoodnight’ssleep.Thetimedifferencebetweeneatingandsleepingshouldbeatleastthreehours.Soyou'dbetteravoideatinganyfoodthreehoursbeforebed,asitwillloweryourbloodsugarduringsleepandhelpminimizedamagefromtoomuchsugarfloatingaround.It’salsoimportanttofindwaystoprepareyourbodyforsleep.Youcanfollowaroutineliketryingnottoexposeyourselftotoomuchartificiallightwithin1hourbeforebed,asyourbrainuseslighttohelpsetinternal“bodyclock”.Althoughitmightseemunnaturaltoscheduleyoursleep,thepurposeistosendasignaltoyourbodyandmindthatit'stimetosleep.Anotherwaytoprepareyourbodyforsleepistogetintoarelaxedstatebytakingabathorlisteningtosoftmusic.Bothofthemwillhelptotakethemindoffthedaytimepressures.Havingasuitablebed,especiallyasuitablemattress(床垫),isnecessaryforagoodnight'ssleep.Sleepisapersonalizedactivity,andwealladoptdifferentsleepingpositions.Findingthemattressthatsuitsyouwillreducebackpainsthatcanresultfromapoorsleepingposition.Thebedshouldbefourtosixincheslongerthanitstallestuser,allowingforspacetomovearound.Therecentresearchisprettyclearthatagoodnight’ssleepinamajorcomponentofgoodhealth.Sincethestartofthe21stcentury,studieshavelinkedalackofsleeptomanydiseases,suchasdiabetesandobesity.Takingactionnowwillleadtolong-termbenefitsforyouandthosearoundyou.1、Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthepassage?A．Whentostartasoundsleep.B．Howtogetagoodnight'ssleep.C．Whattodowithsleepproblems.D．Whytoformagoodhabitofsleeping.2、Accordingtotheauthor,beforegoingtosleep,you’dbetter________.A．freeyourselffromtensionB．checkyourbloodsugarC．relieveyourpaininthebackD．recordyourbiologicalclock3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A．Noteatingfood.B．Takingameal.C．Notsleepingwell.D．Havingagoodsleep.4、Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要点)C:ConclusionA．B．C．D．第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）第二节完型填空（共20小题；阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上涂黑。Asuccessfulbusinessmanwasgrowingoldandwantedtochooseasuccessortotakeoverthebusiness.Hecalledalltheyoungexecutivestogetherandsaid,"Ihaveto__36__andchoosethenextCEOfromyou."Theywere__37__,butthebosscontinued."Iamgoingtogiveyouavery__38__seed.Iwantyoutoplanttheseed,waterit,andcomebackoneyearfromtodaywith__39__youhavegrownfromtheseed.Iwillthen__40__theplants,andchoosethenextCEO."Jimwenthome__41__.Everyday,hewouldwatertheseedandsee__42__ithadgrown.Althoughhekept__43__hisseed,nothingevergrew.Manyweekswent__44__,stillnothing.Bynow,othersweretalkingabouttheirplants,butJimdidn'thaveaplantandhefeltlikea__45__.Ayearlater,theybroughttheirplantstotheCEOfor__46__.WhenJimarrived,hewas__47__atthevarietyofplantsgrownbytheotherexecutives.Theywerebeautiful.TheCEOgreetedthem."Whatgreatplants,trees,andflowersyouhavegrown,"saidtheCEO."Todayoneofyouwillbe__48__thenextCEO!"Allofasudden,theCEO__49__Jimatthebackwithhisemptypot.TheCEOaskedhimwhathadhappened-Jimtoldhimthestory.HelookedatJim,andthen__50__,"ThenextCEOisJim!"Jimcouldn'tbelieve__51__.Jimcouldn'tevengrowhisseed."HowcouldhebethenewCEO?"theotherssaid.ThentheCEOsaid,"TheseedsIgaveyouwereboiledseeds;theyweredead-itwasnot__52__forthemtogrow.Jimwastheonlyonewiththecourageand__53__tobringmeapotwithmyseedinit.__54__,heistheonewhowillbethenewCEO!"Ifyouplanthonesty,youwillreap__55__.So,becarefulwhatyouplantnow;itwilldeterminewhatyouwillreaplater.1、A．stepdown B．sitdown C．settledown D．handdown2、A．exhausted B．shocked C．annoyed D．embarrassed3、A．special B．valuable C．common D．expensive4、A．how B．which C．where D．what5、A．compare B．observe C．judge D．examine6、A．heatedly B．excitedly C．desperately D．disappointingly7、A．if B．unless C．until D．though8、A．checking B．planting C．appreciating D．counting9、A．down B．away C．by D．back10、A．fool B．failure C．successor D．onlooker11、A．direction B．application C．instruction D．inspection12、A．amazed B．discouraged C．amused D．puzzled13、A．performed B．voted C．considered D．appointed14、A．spotted B．glanced C．stared D．noticed15、A．announced B．stated C．confirmed D．whispered16、A．it B．those C．themselves D．him17、A．likely B．sure C．necessary D．possible18、A．confidence B．honesty C．optimism D．diligence19、A．Moreover B．However C．Therefore D．Besides20、A．tr B．success C．power D．reputation第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Aroundtheworld,malnutrition(营养不良)hasbecomeaproblemthatcosts$3.5trillionperyear,accordingtothelatestGlobalNutritionReport.Althoughmostcountrieshavefallenshortintheirefforts1．(deal)withpoornutritionandfoodinsecurity,thereportfound,theUSappearstobebadlyofftrack,2．hasmorethanamillionoverweightchildren."Malnutritionismoreresponsibleforill-health3．anyothercause.Thehealthconsequencesofoverweightandobesityleadtofourmillion4．(die)globally,"CorinnaHawkes5．(write)inthereport.Accordingtothestudy,mostcountrieshaveatleasttwoissues6．(relate)tomalnutrition.Themostseriousissuesarechildrenwhoeitherareoverweight7．sufferfromundevelopedgrowth.Those8．(serious)affectedmaynotbeabletoget9．goodjobastheyexpectwhentheygrowup.Italsopreventsthemfrom10．(contribute)tosocietyaswellastheywouldhaveinahealthierenvironment.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有10

处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加:

在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:

把多余的词用斜线(\)

划掉。修改:

在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)

不计分。:Iaman18-year-oldmiddleschoolstudent.Ihavebeenbusywithmystudyandseldomhelpedmyparentsinthehousework.Feltquitesorryforthat,Ibegantothinkabouthowtodotohelp.LastSunday,whenmyparentswentoutshopping,Isuddenlygotanidea:whynottogivetheroomsathoroughcleaning?FirstlyIcollectedallthebooks,newspapersandanotherthingsscatteredintheroomsandputtheminplace.ThenIwipedthedustofallthefurnitures.Afterthat,Isweepandmoppedthefloors.Atthisverymoment,myparentscamebackandwerequitesurprisetoseealltheroomstidilyandfloorsshining.Mymothergavemehug.TiredasIw