大学英语六级考试模拟试卷八十九(带答案)

经典word整理文档，仅参考，双击此处可删除页眉页脚。本资料属于网络整理，如有侵权，请联系删除，谢谢！总分：710.00，做题时间：130分钟)PartⅠ1，分数：0.00)1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying"Ineveryend,thereisalsoabeginning."Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainwhatyouwilldotokeeponmakingprogress.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.（分数：106.50）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：([范文]"Ineveryend,thereisalsoabeginning."Thissayingtellsusthatwhateverwearedoing,weshouldneverstopmakingprogress.Inmyopinion,thisviewisrightineverysense.Ontheonehand,itappliestoindividuals,asinsuchacompetitiveworldeverybodyistryingtogetahead.Ontheotherhand,ourcountryonthewholeshouldmoveforwardintermsofpolitics,economy,andculturesothatshecangainsustainedrespectfrompeoplesallovertheworld.Examplestoprovetheviewareabundant.Themostpersuasivearethecasesoffamousathletes,whosesuccessesaregainedthroughnon-stopefforts.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatiftheyhadbeencontentwithbeingjustaregionalornationalchampionandstoppedpracticing,theywouldn'thaveaccomplishedsomuchandbecomeworld-famous.Insum,keepingmakingprogressshouldbetherightattitudetowardslifeandworkforeverybodyandevenforacountry.Inordertokeeponmakingprogress,weshouldregardeachendingpointasanewstartingpointatwhichweshouldsetanewgoalandcontinuetopursueit.)解析：这是一篇名言分析型的作文，要求考生对“每一个终点，也是一个起点”这句话发表自己的看法。根据题目要求，文章的结构可以安排如下：第二段：论证名言的说法，并举例说明。的起点，在新的起点上设置新的目标并继续前行。[参考译文]都不能停下前进的脚步。军或国家冠军而停止了训练，那么他们将不会取得这么大的成就并闻名全球。点，在新的起点上设置新的目标并继续前行。PartⅡListening总题数：00.00)SectionA(总题数：80.00).Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.（分数：28.40）A.Playbasketballwithhiscolleagues.√B.Gotohospitalandhaveaphysicalcheck.C.Loseweightandstrengthenthemuscles.D.Competeinacyclingracewithcolleagues.解析：[听力原文]M:Honey,thebasketballgameisabouttostart.Andcouldyoubringsomechipsandabowloficecream?And...uh...asliceofpizzafromthefridge.W:Anythingelse?M:No,that'sallfornow.Hey,honey,youknow,they'reorganizingacompanybasketballteamandI'mthinkingaboutjoining.Whatdoyouthinkofit?W:Humph.M:"Humph"!Whatdoyoumean"Humph"?Iwasthestarplayerinhighschool.W:Yeah,twenty-fiveyearsago.Look,Ijustdon'twantyoutohaveaheartattackrunningupanddownthecourt.M:So,whatareyousuggesting?ShouldIjustabandontheidea?I'mnotthatoutofshape.W:Well,yououghttoatleasthaveaphysicalcheckbeforeyoubegin.Imean,ithasbeenatleastfiveyearssinceyouplayedatall.M:Well,okay,Iagreewithyou.W:Andyouneedtowatchyourdietandcutbackonthefattyfoods,likeicecream.Andyoushouldtryeatingmorefreshfruitsandvegetables.M:Yeah,you'reprobablyright.Ishoulddosomethingtoimprovemydiet.W:Andyoushouldtakeupalittleweighttrainingtostrengthenyourmusclesorperhapstrycycling.Oh,andyouneedtogotobedearlyinsteadofwatchingTVhalfthenight.M:Hey,you'restartingtosoundlikemypersonalfitnessinstructor!W:No,Ijustloveyou,andIwantyoutobearoundforalong,longtime.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?“和他的同事打篮球”正确。①“去医院做体检”和“减体重、练肌肉”是女士希望男士去做的事情：D利用女士话中原词cycling进行干扰，骑单车是女士建议男士去做的运动。②对话开头处常设考点。.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.（分数：28.40）A.Aliteratureprofessor.B.Anacademicadvisor.√C.DeanoftheEnglishDepartment.D.ADoctorofAppliedLinguistics.解析：[听力原文]M:Goodmorning,Dr.Smith.MynameisPeter.Iamafreshmaninyourdepartment.ThereareafewthingsthatIamnotquitesureofandIdoneedyouradvice.W:Thankyouverymuchforyourtrust,Peter.AsyouracademicadvisorIwilltrymybesttohelpyou.M:Thanks.It'saboutmymajor...W:Well,what'sthematter?M:IusedtomajorinEnglish,butnowIhavemadeupmymindtoswitchtoAppliedLinguistics,concentratingonTeachingEnglishasaForeignLanguage.W:Soyouwanttoswitchmajors?M:Yes.ButIwonderifitispossible.W:Well,usuallyweallowit,aslongasyouhaveenoughcredits.M:That'sgoodnewsforme.I'mnotinterestedinliteratureandthatsortofthing.Iwanttobearealteacher,Professor.ButI'mworriedaboutthemake-upcredits.W:Youusuallydohavetomakeupsomecreditswhenyouswitchmajors.AreyouOKoncredits?M:Nottoomany.I'llhavetoaddabout12creditsasfarasIcanfigurefrommytranscript.Wouldyoupleaseletmeknowhowmanycreditsarerequiredtogetamaster'sdegree?W:Usuallythirty-sixcreditsareneeded.Ifyoutakefivecoursesperterm,you'llhaveenoughcreditsafterjusttwosemesters.Usuallyeachcourseisworththreecredits.Togetthesixremainingcreditsyoueitherprepareathesisortaketwomorecourses.M:Isthereanythingelsebesidesthe36creditsforthemaster's?W:Youhavetohaveanoraldefense.M:Isee.Ireallyappreciateyourhelp,Professor.W:GladIcanhelp.Goodluck,Peter.Whatisthewoman'sprofession?academicadvisor因此答案为。虽然男士称女士为男士不喜欢，故A不对；、D均未提及。对话开头处常出题。SectionB(总题数：7，分数：0.00).Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.1.（分数：28.40）A.Itallowsonetoshowhispersonalinformation.√B.Itoffersonlythechildren'spersonalinformation.C.Itisagainstparents'willtoeducatethekids.D.Itonlyoffersstoriesaboutotherpeople.解析：[听力原文]MySpace,thesocialnetworkingwebsite,isdifferentfromotherwebsiteswhichonlyprovidestoriesaboutotherpeople.MySpaceisaplacethatallowsyoutobroadcastyourownstoriesandpersonalinformationtoasmanypeopleasyoulike.Startedtwoyearsago,itisabigsourceofinformationforandaboutAmericankids.Teensarerushingtojointhesite,notsharingtheirparents'worries.Forteenagers,itisreliablenetworktokeepintouchwiththeirfriends.Theywilloftenlisttheirsurnames,birthdays,schoolclubs,hobbiesandotherpersonalinformation."MySpaceisaneasywaytoreachjustabouteveryone.Idon'thaveallthephonenumbersofmyacquaintances.ButifIwanttogetintouchwithoneofthem,IcouldjustleavethemamessageonMySpace,"saidAbbyVanWassen,a16-year-oldstudent.Sinceeachuser'spersonalhomepageliststhenumberoftheirMySpacefriends,ithasbecomeyetanotherwayofjudginghighschoolpopularity.MySpacehasbecomesomethingteenagersfeeltheymusthave.ParentsontheotherhandareseriouslyconcernedaboutthesecurityproblemsofMySpace.TheNationalCenterforMissingandExploitedChildrenhasreceivedatleast288MySpace-relatedcomplaints,accordingtoMaryBethBuchanan,alawyerinPittsburgh."YourprofileonMySpaceshowsallyourpersonalinformationtoanyoneontheWeb.AndMySpaceevenliststhisinformationbybirthplaceandage.It'slikeafreechecklistfortroubleanditendangerschildren,"Buchanansaid.WhatisthedifferencebetweenMySpaceandotherwebsites?①由选项可知，本题关于ItMySpace与其他网站不同，其他网站只提供别人的故事，而MySpace允许你讲述自己的故事及公布个人信息。只有A与短文内容相符，故正确。①符合“短文开头常出题”的命题规律，而且细节题也常考。②过于绝对化的选项通常不会是答案。、D中含有only一词，故可考虑排除；C在短文中未提及。.Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.5.（分数：21.30）A.Theymayfeelexhausted.√B.Theymayfeelverynervous.C.Theymayhaveheartache.D.Theymaysufferacold.解析：[听力原文]Foryearsscientistshavebeenworriedabouttheeffectsofairpollutionontheearth'snaturalconditions.Somebelievetheairinsidemanyhousesmaybemoredangerousthantheairoutside.Itmaybeonehundredtimesworse.Indoorairpollutioncancauseapersontofeeltired,tosuffereye-pain,headacheandotherproblems.Somepollutantscancausebreathingdisorders,diseasesofbloodandevencancer.Mostscientistsagreethateverymodemhousehassomekindofindoorpollution.Peoplebegantonoticetheproblemintheearly1970s.Whenbuildersbeganmakinghousesandoffices,theydidnotwasteenergy.Todothistheybuiltbuildingsthatlimitedtheflowofairbetweeninsideandoutside.Theyalsobeganusingman-madebuildingmaterials.Thesematerialsarenowknowntoletoutharmfulgases.Astheproblembecamemoreserious,scientistsbegansearchingforawaytodealwithit.Theydiscoveredanaturalpollutioncontrolsystemforbuildings—greenplants.Scientistsdonotreallyknowhowplantscontrolairpollution.Theybelievethataplant'sleavesabsorbortakeinthepollutants.Inexchangetheplantletsoutoxygenthroughitsleavesandthroughitstinyorganizationsonitsroots.Scientistssuggestthatallbuildingsshouldhaveonelargeplantorseveralsmallplantsinsideforeveryninesquaremetersofspace.Studiesofdifferentplantsshowthateachabsorbsdifferentchemicals.Sothemosteffectivewaytocleantheairistousedifferentkindsofplants.Accordingtothespeaker,whatproblemmayindoorairpollutionbringtopeople?①由选项可知，本题询问TheyThey应该指人。②短文提到，室内空气污染可能使人感觉疲倦、眼痛、头疼等。A中的exhausted对应文中的tired，故答案为A。①C利用类似语音heart-acheheadacheC不正确。②并列处常设考点。SectionC(总题数：100.00).Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.1.（分数：42.60）A.Cultivatingcreativetalents.B.Producinguniversityprofessors.√C.Fosteringindustrialleaders.D.Nurturinggreatartists.解析：[听力原文]Ifyouweretovisiteducation,asanalien,andsay"What'sitfor,publiceducation?"Ithinkyou'dhavetoconclude—ifyoulookattheoutput,whoreallysucceedsbythis,whodoeseverythingthattheyshould,whoarethewinners—Ithinkyou'dhavetoconcludethewholepurposeofpubliceducationthroughouttheworldistoproduceuniversityprofessors.Isn'tit?They'rethepeoplewhocomeoutthetop.AndIusedtobeone,sothere.AndIlikeuniversityprofessors,butyouknow,weshouldn'tholdthemupasthehigh-watermarkofallhumanachievement.They'rejustaformoflife,anotherformoflife.Butthey'rerathercurious,andIsaythisoutofaffectionforthem.There'ssomethingcuriousaboutprofessorsinmyexperience—notallofthem,buttypically—theyliveintheirheads.Theyliveupthere,andslightlytooneside.They'rebodiless,youknow,inakindofliteralway.Theylookupontheirbodyasaformoftransportfortheirheads,don'tthey?It'sawayofgettingtheirheadtomeetings.Nowoureducationsystemispredicatedontheideaofacademicability.Andthere'sareason.Thewholesystemwasinvented—aroundtheworld,therewerenopublicsystemsofeducation,really,beforethe19thcentury.Theyallcameintobeingtomeettheneedsofindustrialism.Sothehierarchyisrootedontwoideas.Numberone,thatthemostusefulsubjectsforworkareatthetop.Soyouwereprobablysteeredawayfromthingsatschoolwhenyouwereakid,thingsyouliked,onthegroundsthatyouwouldnevergetajobdoingthat.Isthatright?Don'tdomusic,you'renotgoingtobeamusician;don'tdoart,youwon'tbeanartist.Kindadvice—now,profoundlymistaken.Thewholeworldisengulfedinarevolution.Andthesecondisacademicability,whichhasreallycometodominateourviewofintelligence,becausetheuniversitiesdesignedthesystemintheirimage.Whatwillanalienthinkofthewholepurposeofpubliceducation?B正确。的作用，故排除。录音提到，大学的产生是为了满足工业化的需求，但没说其目的是培养工业领导人，故排除。演讲者说工业化最有用的学科排在最前面，他术不受重视，更不是目的，故D错误。.Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.4.（分数：56.80）A.It'sacommercialplanewithtwocaptains.B.It'sanewlyproducedAmericanplane.C.It'safighterarmedwithhightechnology.D.It'sanplanewithoutpilots.√解析：[听力原文]Withinthenextfewweeksatwin-enginedJetstreamwilltakeofffromWartonAerodromeinLancashire,England,andheadnorthtowardsScotland.Likeanyotherflight,thesmallcommuterairlinerwillrespondtoinstructionsfromair-trafficcontrollers,navigateapathandtakecaretoavoidotheraircraft.Butthepilotflyingtheaircraftwillnotbeinthefrontofit:hewillhavehisfeetfirmlyonthegroundinacontrolroombackatWarton.Pilotlessaircraftarenowwidelyusedbythearmedforces,buttheyflyonlyinrestrictedairspaceandconflictzones.TheJetstreammissionispartofaprojecttodevelopthetechnologiesandproceduresthatwillallowlargecommercialaircrafttooperateroutinelyandsafelywithoutpilotsinthesameskiesasmannedcivilianflights.Toreassurethoseofanervousdisposition,thetestflightsdonotcarrypassengersandpilotsremainintheplanejustincasethingsgowrong.InthatwaytheyaresimilartoGoogle'strialsofdriverlesscars,whichhavedriversinsidethemtotakeoverifnecessarywhileonpublicroads.Yetunmannedcommercialaircraftarelikelytoenterservicebeforepeoplecanbuyautonomouscars.Modernaircraftarealreadyperfectlycapableofautomaticallytakingoff,flyingtoadestinationandlanding.Thesetestsaretryingtoestablishwhethertheycandothosethingssafelywithoutapilotandatthesametimecomplywiththerulesoftheair.Progressisbeingmade,aconferenceinLondonheardthisweek.ItwasorganizedbytheAutonomousSystemsTechnologyRelatedAirborneEvaluationandAssessment,thegroupstagingtheBritishtestflights.This62millionprogramme,backedbytheBritishgovernment,involvessevenEuropeanaerospacecompanies:AOS,BAESystems,Cassidian,Cobham,QinetiQ,andThales.Itispotentiallyahugenewmarket.America'saviationregulatorshavebeenaskedbyCongresstointegrateunmannedaircraftintotheair-trafficcontrolsystem.Somesmallaircraftarealreadyusedincommercialapplications,suchasaerialohotograohy,butinmostcountriestheyareconfinedtoflyingwithinsightoftheirgroundpilot,muchlikeradio-controlledmodelaircraft.Biggeraircraftwouldbecapableofflyingfartheranddoingalotmorethings.Pilotlessaircraftcouldcarryoutmany,jobsatalowercostthanmannedaircraftand—taskssuchastrafficmonitoring,borderpatrols,policemonitoringandcheckingpowerlines.Theycouldalsooperateinconditionsthataredangerousforpilots,includingmonitoringforestfiresoraccidents.WhatdowelearnaboutthecommuterairlinerJetstream?的几周内一架名为Jetstream的双引擎飞机将从英国Lancashire的Warton机场起飞去苏格兰，演讲者指出这架飞机的飞行员将不在飞机上而是在Warton机场的控制室内。故D“这是一架自动飞行的飞机，没有驾驶员”正确。“这是一架有两位机长的商业用途飞机”B错误。录音并未提及这是一架具有高科技装备的战斗机，故C错误。.Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.8.（分数：42.60）A.Theadvancedscienceandhightechnology.B.Thecloseconnectionsacrosstheglobe.√C.Theyounggeneration.D.Thewisepolicymadebygovernments.解析：[听力原文]Iwanttothankallofthestudentswhoareheretoday.AndIparticularlywanttothankforthatextraordinaryEnglishandChineseintroduction.ThatwasapowerfulsymbolofeverythingthatIwanttotalkwithyouabouttoday.See,bylearningeachother'slanguages,andbyshowingsuchcuriosityandrespectforeachother'scultures,allofyouarebuildingbridgesofunderstandingthatwillleadtosomuchmore.AndI'mheretodaybecauseIknowthatourfuturedependsonconnectionsliketheseamongyoungpeoplelikeyouacrosstheglobe.That'swhywhenmyhusbandandItravelabroad,wedon'tjustvisitpalacesandparliamentsandmeetwithheadsofstate.Wealsocometoschoolslikethisonetomeetwithstudentslikeyou,becausewebelievethatrelationshipsbetweennationsaren'tjustaboutrelationshipsbetweengovernmentsorleaders—they'reaboutrelationshipsbetweenpeople,particularlyyoungpeople.Soweviewstudyabroadprogramsnotjustasaneducationalopportunityforstudents.Throughthewondersofmodemtechnology,ourworldismoreconnectedthaneverbefore.Ideascancrossoceanswiththeendwecantext,email,Skypewithpeopleoneverycontinent.Sostudyingabroadisn'tjustaclickofabutton.Companiescandobusinessandcompetewithcompaniesacrosstheglobe.Afunwaytospendasemester;itisquicklybecomingthekeytosuccessinourglobaleconomy.Becausegettingaheadintoday'sworkplacesisn'tjustaboutgettinggoodgradesortestscoresinschool,whichareimportant.It'salsoabouthavingrealexperiencewiththeworldbeyondyour—experiencewithlanguages,culturesandsocietiesverydifferentfromyourown.Or,astheChinesesayinggoes:"Itisbettertotraveltenthousandmilesthantoreadtenthousandbooks."Let'sbeclear,studyingabroadisaboutsomuchmorethanimprovingyourownfuture.It'salsoaboutshapingthefutureofyourcountriesandoftheworldweallshare.Becausewhenitcomestothedefiningchallengesofourtime—whetherit'sclimatechangeoreconomicopportunityorthespreadofnuclearweapons—thesearesharedchallenges.Andnoonecountrycanconfrontthemalone.Theonlywayforwardistogether.That'swhyitissoimportantforyoungpeoplelikeyoutoliveandstudyineachother'scountries,becausethat'showyoudevelopthathabitofcooperation.Whatdoesourfuturedependonaccordingtothespeaker?联系。故B正确。演讲者已经提到我们的将来依靠年轻学生建立起的跨国联系，故“高科“受过良好教育的青年一代”和D“政府所实施的明智策略”均错误。PartⅢReading总题数：00.00)SectionA(总题数：100.00).Secondhandsmokeisaccountablefor42,000deathsannuallytononsmokersintheUnitedStates,includingnearly900infants,accordingtoanewstudy.Altogether,annualdeathsfromsecondhandsmokelifelost—anaverageof14.2yearsperperson—and$6.6billioninlostproductivity,2to$158,000perdeath,reporttheresearchers.Thenewresearchrevealsthatdespitepublichealtheffortstoreducetobaccouse,secondhandsmokecontinuesto3agrievoustollonnonsmokers.1nearly600,000yearsofpotential"Ingeneral,fewerpeoplearesmokingandmanyhavemadelifestylechanges,butourresearchshowsthattheimpactsofsecondhandsmokeare4verylarge,"saidleadauthorWendyMax,PhD,professorofhealthofinformationoneconomicsattheUniversityofCalifornia."The5()exposureallowsustomoreaccuratelyassesstheimpactofsecondhandsmokeexposureonhealthandproductivity.Theimpactisparticularlygreatforcommunitiesofcolor."Exposuretosecondhandsmokeislinkedtoanumberof6illnessesincludingheartandlungdisease,asweltasconditionsaffectingnewbornssuchaslowbirthweightandrespiratorydistresssyndrome.Intheresearch,thescientists7theeconomicimplications—yearsofpotentiallifelostandthevalueoflost—ondifferentracialandethnicgroups."Ourstudyprobablyunderestimatesthetrueeconomicimpactofsecondhandsmokeoncommunitiesofcolorhavingthegreatestdesignedtoreducethehealthandeconomicburdenofsmokingonsmokersand8,"saidMax."Thetollissubstantial,with9.Interventionsneedtobenonsmokersalike,andonparticularlyA.lossesE.adhering10groups."I.fatalM.amountingB.turbulentF.generalizedJ.henceforthG.takeK.mortalityN.vulnerableO.gaugedC.nonethelessD.availabilityH.triumphsL.（分数：35.50）1.（分数：3.55）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：L）解析：空格前的名词中心词是annualdeaths600,000，故需填入谓语动词，时态与上一句的is一样是一般现在时，因此是原形。本句说明二手烟的危害，句意为：每年二手烟引起的死亡……差不多60万年的潜在represent“代表，表示”逻辑合理。takeittakessb.todosth.结构。[参考译文]根据一项新研究，美国每年有4.2万人因二手烟死亡，其中包括近900名婴儿。研究人员报告说，每年二手烟引起的死亡情况总体上表现为近60万年的潜在寿命损失——人均14.266亿美元的生产力损失——等同于人均损失15.8万美元。这项新研究显示，尽管公共卫生组织努力减少烟草的使用，但二手烟继续伤害着非吸烟人群。“大体上，吸烟的人越来越少，许多人也已经改变了生活方式，但我们的不同人种和不同民族在经济方面的影响——数年的潜在寿命损失以及生产价值的损失。2.（分数：3.55）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：）解析：空格前的中心词是$6.6billion这个金额，空格后的$158,000也是金toamounting与to二手烟造成66亿美元的生产力损失，等同于人均损失15.8adhering也可与to3.（分数：3.55）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：G）解析：根据空格前的continues，可判断此处应填入动词原形，与其后的tolltakeatollon为固定搭4.（分数：3.55）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：）解析：空格位于be动词are和表语verylarge之中，故应填入副词。上一显示二手烟的影响巨大。nonethelessstill，呼应上文but。5.（分数：3.55）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：）解析：空格前为the，空格后为of从属结构，故需填入名词。句子表示生物指标测量信息使我们能更加准确地评价二手烟对健康与生产力的影响，availabilitytake6.（分数：3.55）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：）解析：此处需填入修饰illnesses(疾病的词，可以是形容词、分词或名词。根据修饰illnesses的分词短语includingheartandlungdisease...fatal“致命的”符合语境。表示二手烟可以导致包括心肺疾病在内的很多致命疾病。turbulent“动荡的；汹涌的，狂暴的”一般不修饰疾病。7.（分数：3.55）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：）解析：空格前后都是名词，故应填入谓语动词，表示科学家与经济影响(economic之间的关系。破折号中间的内容“数年的潜在寿命损失以及生产价值的损失”具体解释了economicimplications，动词“估计，判断”符合此处语境，表示科学家在这项研究中“估计了”经济影响，呼应下文generalized经济影响有多大。8.（分数：3.55）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：）解析：空格前的ontoll(mortality“死亡率”正确。9.（分数：3.55）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：）解析：此处应填入名词，作having的宾语。由上文的toll可知该词应表消极含义。losses“损失”呼应上文的toll(伤亡，损失，句子表示死亡率相当大，其中有色人群伤亡最大。10.（分数：3.55）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：）解析：空格前是副词particularly，空格后是名词，故应填入形容词者和非吸烟者的健康负担与经济负担，结合上文提到的有色人群(communitiesof伤亡最重，可推断他们是vulnerable易受伤害的群体。SectionB(总题数：100.00).AreTeenagersReallyCarelessAboutOnlinePrivacy?A.Theyshare,like,everything.Howtheyfeelaboutasong,theirmathshomework,life(itsucks).Wherethey'llbenext;whothey'rewithnow.Photos,ofthemselvesandothers,doingstufftheyquiteprobablyshouldn'tbe.They'rethedigitalnatives,fresh-mintedcitizensofahummingonlineworld.They'vegrownup—arestillgrowingup—withtexting,Facebook,Line,Snapchat.They'retheyoung,andtheycouldn'tcarelessaboutprivacy.Atleast,that'stheassumption.Butamidarashofrevelationsaboutgovernmentsurveillance(监视),itseemsit'swrong.Youngpeopledocare,alot,aboutprivacy—justnotthekindofprivacythatexercisestheirparents.B.True,youngpeoplepostinformationaboutthemselvesonlinethathorrifiestheirelders.Thereremains"abasiclackofawareness"about"thepotentiallonger-termimpactofinformationleaks",saysAndyPhippen,professorofsocialresponsibilityininformationtechnologyatPlymouthUniversity."Manyyoungerpeoplejustdon'tthinkintermsoftheirfutureemployability,ofidentitytheft,oflegalproblemsifthey'rebeingprovocative.Nottomentionstraightforwardreputationalissues."(ParisBrown,Phippenadds,"clearlyneverthoughtwhatshetweetedwhenshewas14"mightonedaystopherbeingBritain'sfirstyouthpolicecommissioner.)C.Farmoreshouldbedoneinschoolstoteachchildrentobemoreconcernedaboutthefutureimpactoftheironlineprofileandreputation,Phippenargues.Butthefactthattheymakemistakesdoesnotmeantheydon'tcareaboutprivacy.Infact,areportinMaybythePewInternetandtheAmericanLifeProjectfoundteenagerscaredenoughaboutonlinesecurityfor60%tosettheirFacebookprofilesto"private"andtojudgeprivacysettings"notdifficultatall"tomanage.Asimilarnumbersaidtheyroutinelydeletepastposts,blockpeople,andpostcommentsonlyparticularviewers—typically,closefriends—wouldunderstand."Youhavetothinkaboutwhatprivacymeans,"saysDanahBoyd,aleadingyouthandsocialmediaresearcher."Whatmatterstothemissocialprivacy:it'sabouthowtocontrolasocialsituation,whichissomethingverydifferentfromcontrollinginformation."D.ThePewreportfoundthatonly9%ofteenswere"very"concernedaboutthirdpartieslikecompaniesorgovernmentagenciesaccessingtheirpersonal—comparedwithnearlyhalfoftheirparents.Mostyoungpeoplehavepreciouslittleideaofhowmuchdatasocialnetworkingsitesarecollectingonthem—buttheytend,onthewhole,tobequiterelaxedabouttheidea,particularlyifitcomesasaforfreeuseoftheservice.E.Teens,Boydsays,tendtobeconcernednotbyunknownthirdpartiesaccessingdataaboutthem,butby"thingsthatmightbeseenbythepeoplewhohavepoweroverthem:parents,teachers,collegeadmissionsofficers.TheconcernismoreaboutyourmotherlookingatyourFacebookprofilethangovernmentagenciesoradvertisersusingdatayou'veshared."F.Youngpeopleareconcerned,inotherwords,aboutgettingintotrouble.Butthatconcerniseverybitasreal.Soteensnowmanagetheironlinesecuritywith"awholesetofstrategies",saysBoyd.Manydon'ttellthetruthonline:accordingtothePewInternetstudy,26%ofteensocialmediauserssaytheypostfakeinformationlikeafalsename,ageorlocation.Othersaremoresubtle.Boydusestheterm"socialsteganography(隐写术)"todescribethepracticeofmorethan50%ofyoungpeoplewhousein-jokesandobscurereferencestoeffectivelyencodewhattheypost.G.Nonetheless,saysMaryMadden,co-authorofthePewInternetreport,allthesignsareyoungpeopletodayareincreasingly"practisinggoodjudgment.They'llsay,'Iuseafilterinmybrain';theydoalotofprofilepruning(剪切),deletingandeditingcontent,deletingtags.There'sanewawareness."Thisgenerationhas,afterall,"grownup,learnedtofunctioninaworldofsocialsurveillance",saysMadden."Farfrombeingprivacy-indifferent,theyaremindfulofwhattheypost.Theyhaveasensethatadultsarewatching."H.ThatsentimentmayinpartexplaintherecentpopularityofnewsocialnetworkingserviceslikeInstagramandSnapchat,saysMadden:"Somefeeltheburdenofthepublicnatureofsocialnetworking.They'recreatingsmallergroupswiththesenewservices."I.Snapchatinparticularappealsbecauseitallowsuserstosendannotatedpictures,videosandmessagestoacontrolledlistoffriends—and,crucially,tosetatimelimitforhowlongtheycanbeviewedbeforetheydisappearandaredeleted.Overall,confirmsMadden,"We'reseeingapatternthatrunscountertotheassumptionthatthere'sthisseaofyoungpeoplewhojustdon'tcareaboutprivacy.It'snotborneoutbythedata.Andinsomecases,theyactuallyhavestrongeropinionsthansomeadults."J.ThatcertainlyseemstobethepictureemergingfromtwopollsconductedearlierthisyearbythePewResearchCentreforthePeopleandthePresswiththeWashingtonPostandUSAToday,inthewakeofEdwardSnowden'srevelationsaboutbroadsurveillancebystatesecurityservices.Inthefirstofthesepolls,on10June,youngerrespondentsprovedmuchmorelikelythanoldertoputpersonalprivacyaboveananti-terrorismprobe:45%of18-to-29-year-oldssaidpersonalprivacywasmoreimportant,evenifprotectingitlimitedtheabilitytoinvestigateterroristthreats—comparedwith35%inthe30-to-49agerange,and27%oftheK.Thesecondpoll,on17June,askedwhetherSnowden'sleaksofclassifiedinformationabouttheNSA'sphoneandemailsurveillanceprogrammeswasinthepublicinterest.Itfoundthatpeopleunder30weretheonlyagegroupinwhich"aclearmajority"——felttherevelationsservedthepublicinterest.Olderagegroupswereeitherdivided,orthoughtthedisclosuresharmedthepublicinterest.Similarly,13-to-29year-oldswerelesslikelytofeelSnowdenshouldbeprosecuted:fully50%feltheshouldnotbe,against44%whothoughtheshould.Thatcompareswith63%ofover-50swhowantedseethewhistleblower告密者)pursued.L.CarrollDoherty