包含2016.6月全新真题试卷4全真四级详细

tremendoushelp巨大labor辛painstaking一丝不苟的，费尽心思的paycloseattentionto密切关注……oaccount考虑……embarkon开始做……fosterinterests培bebusywith忙于

ForalongtimeIhadnoaimsinlife,letalonethepositiveattitudeto…长期以来我连生活目标都没有，更别说对……的积极Withtheincreasingawarenessof…,I e…insteadof随ListeningSectionSectionNewsReport未听先知预览两道题各选项，由unemployment,economicrecovery,createenoughjobs,economiccrisis等词可推 A)TheInternationalLabourOrganization’skeyThebasicsocialprotectionforthemostGlobaleconomicQ:Whatisthenewsreportmainly听前猜题考查的应是所的主要话题，听音时需留意的开头。听前猜A)ManycountrieshavenottakenmeasurestocreateenoughFewcountriesknowhowtoaddressthecurrenteconomicFewcountrieshaverealisedtheseriousnessofthecurrentManycountriesneedsupporttoimprovetheirpeople’sQ:WhatdoesJuanSomavia,directorgeneraloftheInternationalLaborOrganization,say?听前猜四个选项中ManycountriesFewcountries作主语，听前猜中提到，国际劳工组织总干事JuanSomavia，一

(1)TheInternationalLaborOrganizationsaysthenumberofpeoplewithoutjobsisincreasing.Initslatestupdateonglobalemploymenttrends,theagencysaysprojectionsofthenumberofunemployedpeoplethisyearrangefrom210milliontonearly240millionpeople.Thereportwarnsthat200millionpoorworkersareatriskofjoiningtheranksofpeoplelivingonlessthantwodollarsperdayinthepastthreeyears.(2)ThedirectorgeneraloftheInternationalLaborOrganizationJuanSomavianotesthatsomecountrieshavetakenmeasurestoaddresstheeffectsoftheglobalcrisis.However,hepointsoutthatmanycountrieshavenotdoneso.Andbasedonpastexperiences,ittakesfourtofiveyearsaftereconomicrecoveryforunemploymenttoreturntopre-crisislevels.Mr.SomaviasaystheInternationalLaborOrganizationisproposingaglobaljobsagreementtodealwithunemployment.“Itskeyobjectiveistoceatthecenterofrecoveryeffortsmeasuresthat业问题，故答案为A)。

wouldgeneratehigherlevelsofemploymentandprovidebasicsocialprotectionforthemostNewsReport未听先知预览food,calorie,,proteincontent,customers等词可以初步判断，内容与食品相关，结合各选项语义可以进一步判断，涉及餐馆为顾客提供什么样的食品，如果规定，餐馆会A)ServestandardisedfoodPutcalorieinformationon IncreaseproteincontentintheOfferconvenientfoodtoQ:Whatarebigfast-foodchainsinNewYorkCityrequiredtodoaccordingtothenewrule?听前猜听前猜全新的规定，即把食物的卡路里含量标注在菜单上，故答案为)A)TheywillbeTheywillbeTheywillgetaTheywillloseQ:Whatwillhappentobigrestaurantchainsthatviolatethenew听前猜四个选项结构相同，从fined,closed,warning,losecustomers等词可以推测，本题考查的内容应是餐馆会受到怎样听前猜末尾提到，规模足够大的快餐连锁店如果不在菜单上标注卡路里含量就会高达2,00的罚款，故答)

(3)Bigfast-foodchainsinNewYorkCityhavestartedtoobeyafirstofitskindrule,requiringthemtopostcaloriecountsrightonthe .CathyNonasiswiththeNewYorkCityDepartmentofHealth.“Wewantedtogivepeopleanopportunitytoactuallyseethecaloriesbeforetheypurchasethefoodandmakeadecision,aninformeddecision,thatiftheywanttomakethehealthierchoice,iftheywanttoeatfewercalories,theycan.Andweexpectthiswillhaveahugeimpactonobesity.Andofcourse,ifithasanimpactonobesity,itwillhaveanimpactondiabetesandheartdiseaseandhighbloodThenewruleswillbeintroducedasapartofananti-obesity n.Thatalsoincludesarecentcitywidebanonartificialtrans-fatsinrestaurantfood.The rollonlyappliestorestaurantsthatservestandardisedpotionsizesandhavefiftyormorelocationsnationwide.StartinglastSaturday,(4)chainsbigenoughtofallundertherulewillfacepenaltiesofupto2,000dollarsfornotshowingcalorieinformationinaprominentspotontheirs,preferablynexttotheNewsReport未听先知预览三道题各选项，由business,novelproducts,innovation,creation等词可以初步判断，该 A)Inabilitytoimplementtheir InabilitytokeepturningoutnovelLackofasuccessfulbusinessmodeloftheirFailuretointegrateinnovationintotheir

Q:Whatistheproblemwithmanycompaniesaccordingtothenews (5)Almostallcompaniesrecognizetheimportanceofinnovationtoday,butnotmanyareabletointegrateinnovationintotheirbusiness.AcommentaryintheShanghaiDaily听前猜四个选项均是的陈述，各选项的意思为：A)“没有能力落听前猜开篇，几乎所有公司都创新的重要性，但很少能把创新真正融入到他们的业务中，故答案为D)。A)ItisthesecrettobusinessItisthecreationofsomethingItisamagictooltobringbigItisanessentialpartofbusinessQ:Whatdomanypeopletendtothinkof听前猜四个选项均以It开头，均是对It的评价或定义，结合和各选项语义可推测，It应指创新，本题考查关于创新的评价或定义，听听前猜着创造一些新的东西，故答案为B)。A)ItshardworkingItsflexiblepromotionItsinnovationItswillingnesstomakeQ:Whatdoes Procter&Gambleoweitssuccess听前猜听前猜详解《司(rotr&be)的例子说明，一个真正懂得创新的公司应该发展创新文化并且以此作为成功)。

pointsoutthatinnovationdoesn’tmeanpilesof s.It’ssomethingmorepractical.(6)Thearticlesaysmanypeopletendtoassumethatinnovationjustmeanscreatingsomethingnew,butactuallyit’smorethanthat.It’sanattitudeofngthings.A shouldfindwaystoinnovatenotjustinproductsbutalsoinfunctions,businessmodelsand(7)ThearticlecitestheglobalgiantProcter&Gambleasanexample,sayingarealinnovative shoulddevelopaninnovationcultureanduseitasaprimarytoolforsuccess.Procter&GamblehasaCorporateInnovationFundwhichoffersbigrewardsforhigh-riskideasthatsucceed.Italsohasaspecialinnovationfacilityforitsemployees.Sometimesitsemployeesarereleasedfromtheirdailyjobsforweeksandspendtheirtimeinctingintheinnovationfacilityinstead.Inconclusion,thearticlesaysinnovativeideasalonedonotensuresuccess.It’spointlessunlessthereisarepeatableprocessincetoturninspirationintofinancialperformance.SectionSectionConversationConversation未听先知预览四道题各选项，由选项中的text-messaging,onthephone,message,send等词可以推测， )He’sgotaddictedtoHeisnotverygoodatHeiscrazyabouttext-Hedoesnottalklongonthephone.Q:Whatdoesthemansayabouthimself?听前猜四个选项主语均是He，由C)中的“他痴迷发听前猜中的“他不在打时长谈”可推测，本题考查男士在使用

中男士说，他打结束很快，说话不多，故答案为D)。M:So,Lenzy,doyouliketotext-messageonyourcellW:Yeah,Itext-messageaM:Idon’tdoitsomuch.IprefertomakeacallifI’minaW:Yeah,Igobothways.SometimesIdon’treallywanttotalkto.Ijustwanttoaskthemonequestion,soit’smucheasierformejusttotext-message.A)TalkTalkatGossipaForgetQ:Whatdoesthewomantendtodowhilesheisonthe听前猜其中D)项与前三项明显不属统一范畴，可优先排除。通过语义可推测，本题考查通过所做的事情，听音时应注意相关信息听前猜中说，如果她给别人打，就不得不说很长时间，故答案为B)。A)HethoughtitwasHeneededtheHewantedtostayconnectedwithHehadanurgentmessagetoQ:Whydidthemantext-messageallhisfriendswhenhefirstgothiscellphone?听前猜四个选He作主语，可以确定题目与男士相关。结合选项中出现thoughtneededwanted可以进一步推测，本题考听前猜中男士说，他拥有第一部时，感觉给所有有的朋友发很酷，故答案为A)。A)ItposesachallengetoItsavesbothtimeandItischildishandItiscoolandQ:Whatdoesthewoman’sfatherthinkoftext-听前猜四个选项均以It开头，均是对It的评价，由可知，It指打或者发，听音时应留意最后对打或发听前猜末尾，说她父亲觉得发既幼稚又不专业，故

(9)IfIcallthem,I’llhavetohavealongM:Yeah,Icanseewhatyoumean.(8)ButIgetoffthephoneprettyquicklywhenIcall.I’mnotabigtalker.W:Yeah,that’strue.Youdon’ttalkaM:Soareyoufastatwritingthemessageswithyourthumb?W:Well,whenIfirstgotacellphone,Iwassoslow.IthoughtIwouldnevertext-message.Butthenpeoplekepttext-messagingme,soIfeltobligedtolearnhowtotext-message.SonowI’mprettyfast.Whataboutyou?M:ActuallyIhavetheoppositeproblem.(10)WhenIfirstgotmycellphone,Ithoughtitwassocooltotext-messageallmyfriendswhohaveone,andIwasprettyfastwithmythumbthen.ButitseemslikenowIdon’tuseitsomuch.I’vegottensloweractually.W:Yeah,Ithinktext-messagingactuallysortofhastodowithyourage.Forexample,peopleinhighschool,theytext-messagealot.ButIaskmyfatherifhetext-messages,andguesswhathesaid?M:W:Hesaidhe’dnevertext-message.(11)Hethinksit’sverychildishandunprofessionaltotext-message.M:Yeah,Icanseewhathemeans.It’sconsideredprettyinformaltotext-messageConversationConversation未听先知预览四道题各选项，由选项中的jobassignment,manager,boss,workload,com A)HewantstochangehisjobHeisunhappywithhisdepartmentHethinkshedeservesextrapayforHeisoftensingledoutforcriticismbyhis

Q:WhatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheW:Goodmorning,Mr.Johnson.HowcanIhelpM:Well,(12-1)I’dliketotalktoyouaboutTimBond,thedepartmentmanager.W:Whatseemstobethe听前猜四个选He作主语，且内容均与职场有关，由此可知，本题考查男士工作方面的问题，听音时应留意开头处，对听前猜开，士想跟谈关部经理mod事情，接着男士谈到了经理让他做很多额外的工作，如帮别人干mond)。A)HisworkloadwasmuchtooHisimmediatebossdidnottrustHiscolleaguesoftenrefusedtoHissalarywastoolowforhisQ:Whatistheman’schiefcom听前猜词is为的听前猜中男士向抱怨了很多事情，提到被指派做离职同事即已完了己工还是知帮其同完作)。A)HeneverknowshowtoHeisalwaysreadytohelpHisbosshasalotoftrustinHisbosshasnosenseofQ:Howdoesthewomaninterpretthefactthatthemanwasaskedtohelphiscolleagueswiththeirwork?听前猜听前猜“一点也不公正”，需要留意描述男士或者其的信息。中，男士向抱怨部门经理TimBond总是给他许多额外的工作，让他帮助其他同事，却认为这也说明了经理对他A)PutallhiscomintsinWaitandseewhathappensLearntosaynowhenTalktohisboss Q:Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemanto听前猜四个选项均为动词短语，描述的均是解决某种问题的做法，由此可以判断，本题旨在考查下一步的行动或者建议，听音时应意后行或议关内听前猜末尾，建议男士不要只是抱怨，而是发电子邮件约时间与部门经理见面，亲自与他谈谈，故答案为D)。

(12-2/13-1)IfeellikeI’vebeentargetedtodoallherworkaswellasmine.I’mexpectedtoattendtoomanymeetingsandIseemtobespendingalotofmyngunnecessarypaperW:I’msorrytohearM:And,ontopofthat,(13-2)IspecificallyaskedifIcouldleaveearlylastFridayasI’ddonealotofovertimeduringtheweek.Butthatafternoon,eventhoughI’dfinishedmyassignedwork,IwastoldtoW:(14)Butsurelythat’sapositivesign,showingthatMr.BondhasalotoftrustinM:Yes,butothercolleaguesgettoleaveearly,andtheydon’thavesuchalotofworktoW:Soyoufeelhe’sremakingunrealisticdemandsonyou?W:HaveyouapproachedMr.Bondaboutthisparticularproblem?M:I’vetried,butitseemslikehejusthasnotimeforme.W:Well,atthisstage,(15-1)itwouldbebetterifyouapproachedhimdirectly.Ifnothingelse,showingthatyou’vetriedtosolvetheproblemyourselfbeforeyoutakeitfurthermakesitclearthatyou’renotjustacominer.(15-2)Whydon’tyousendan requestingameetingwithhiminprivate?M:Hmm,I’dbeenabitworriedabouthisreaction.Butanyway,I’llsendhimantorequestameeting,andI’llseewhathappensfromthere.ThanksforyourW:Goodluck.Andletusknow SectionSectionPassagePassage未听先知预览三道题各选项，由选项中的sleep,healthylife,decline,lackofsleep,health-conscious,mindfunction,bloodpressure等词可以推测，短文内容涉及睡眠与健康的关系，以及睡眠不足对健康产生的 A)TheimportanceofsleeptoahealthyReasonsforAmericans’declineinSometipstoimprovethequalityofDiseasesassociatedwithlackofQ:Whatisthespeakermainlytalking听前猜听前猜短文开头提到，睡眠时间的减少使上百万人的身体健康、生活质量甚至都处于之中，然后短文从睡眠充足和睡眠不足两方面对比分析了睡眠对健康的重要作用，故答案为A)。A)Theyaremorehealth-TheyarechangingtheirlivingTheygetlessandlessTheyknowthedangersoflackofQ:Whatdowelearnfromthetalkabouttoday’s听前猜四个选项都以They作主语，且morechanginglessandless都说明某种变化，结合选项语义可推测，本题考查某些人在对听前猜短文中提到，20世纪50年代，人的睡眠时间是8小时，近几年已经降到了7小时。由此可知，人的睡眠时间越来越少，故答案为C)。A)TheirweightwillgoTheirmindfunctionwillTheirworkefficiencywillTheirbloodpressurewillQ:Whatdoesthespeakersaywillhappentopeoplewholack听前猜四选均表将的l，且主语多为与相关听前猜睡眠不足的人通常会有高血压、心脏病、、肥胖等各种问)。

Themassivedeclineinsleephappenedsoslowlyandquietlythatfewseemedtonoticethetrend.WasitbecauseofthegrowingattractionoftheInternet, gamesandendlessTVchannels?Neverdisconnectingfromwork?(16)Nomatterhowithappened,millionsofAmericansareputtingtheirqualityoflifeandevenlengthoflifeinNewevidenceshowswhygettingenoughsleepisatoppriority.Some40%ofAmericansgetlessthan7hoursofshut-eyeonweeknights.“Thelinkbetweensleepandhealth,andbadsleepanddiseaseis ingclearerandclearer.”saysLawrenceAlberstaine,asleepexpertatHarvardUniversity.(17)Forexample,sleepdurationhasdeclinedfromsome8hoursinthe1950sto7inrecentyears.Atthesametime,highbloodpressurehas eanincreasingproblem.(18)Bloodpressureandheartratearetypicallyattheirlowestlevelsduringsleep.Peoplewhosleeplesstendtohavehigherbloodpressure,heartattack,diabetes,weightgainandother Sleebettermayhelpfightoffillness.“Whenpeoplearesleep-deprived,therearehigherlevelsofstresshormonesintheirbodies,whichcandecreaseimmunefunction.”saysDoctorFeliceofNorthwesternUniversityinChicago.AuniversityofChicagostudyshowspeoplewhosleepwelllivelonger.Sosaygoodnightsooneranditmayhelpyoustayactiveandvitaltoaripeoldage.PassagePassage未听先知courseuniversityapplyprofessorsA)HowmuchyoucanaffordtoWhatcourseyouaregoingtoWhichuniversityyouaregoingtoapplyWhenyouaregoingtosubmityourQ:Whatisthefirstdecisionyoushouldmakeinpreparingtoapplyforaceatuniversity?听前猜听前猜短文开头，父母和老师会提醒你申请大学是一生中最重要的抉择，其中首先需要决定的是选择哪门课程，故答案为B)。A)ThelistofcoursesThefullrecordofThereferencesfrom alQ:Whatisthemostimportantpartofthe听前猜听前猜D)A)SpecifywhattheywouldliketodoafterDescribeindetailhowmuchtheywouldenjoyIndicatetheyhavereflectedandthoughtabouttheEmphasizethattheyadmiretheprofessorsintheQ:Whatmustapplicantsdoin al听前猜四个选项均为动词短语，均是围绕they展开，从各选项语义中不难判断出they指的是学生。选项中的Specify，Describe，IndicateEmphasize均是描述或强调某件事的词语，由此可推测，听前猜了你的，招生人员会从中寻找你对所选这门课程已经进行过深思熟虑的，故答案为C)。

Parentsandteacherswilllyounottoworrywhenapplyingforaceatuniversity,butinthesamebreathwillremindyouthatitisthemostimportantdecisionofyourlife.(19)Thefirstdecisionisyourchoiceofcourse.Itwilldependonwhatyouwanttogetoutofuniversity,whatyouaregoodatandwhatyouenjoy.Thenextdecisioniswheretoapply.Aimhighbutwithinreason.Doyouhavetherightcombinationofsubjects,andareyourexpectedgradeslikelytomeetentryrequirements?ThedeadlineisJanuary15th.Butitisbesttosubmityourapplicationearlybecauseuniversitiesbeginworkassoonasformsstartrollingin.(20)Themostimportantpartoftheapplicationisthemuchfeared statement.Thisisyourchancetoconveyboundlessenthusiasmforthesubject.Soeconomyofexpressionisforemost.Omitdullandineffectivegeneralitiesandmakesureyougiveconcreteexamples.Admissionsofficersreadevery statementthatarrives.Itisnotconvincingifyousayyouhavechosenthesubjectbecauseyouenjoyit.(21)Youhavetogetacrosswhatitisaboutaparticularareathathasinspiredyou.Theywilllookforevidencethatyouhavereflectedandthoughtaboutthesubject.Applicantsshouldbehonest.Thereisnopointsayingyourunmarathons,ifyouaregoingtobeoutofbreatharrivingattheinterviewonthesecondfloor.Passage未听先知预览四道题各选项，由选rubbertyreslate19thcenturypetroldriveassemblyline,cars等词A)ItwasequippedwithrubberItwasbuiltinthelate19thItwaspurchasedbytheRoyalItwasdesignedbyanEnglishQ:Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthefirstmotor听前猜四个选It开头的句，且谓语动词均为过去时，根据短文可以判断出ItB)19C)“它被皇室”可判断本题考查早期汽车的相关听前猜短文开篇提到，德国人KarlBenz于1885年建造了第一辆汽车，故答案为B)A)TheyconsumedlotsofTheytooktwopassengersTheyweredifficulttoTheyoftenbrokeQ:Whatwastheproblemwiththeearlycarsin听前猜的“它们只能载两位乘客”、C中的“它们很难驾驶D中的“它们经常故障”可判定，They指的是汽车，四个选项均为过去时，由此可推听前猜答案为D)A)TheywereproducedontheassemblyTheywerebuiltwithlesscostlyTheyweremodeledafterBritishTheyweremadeforordinary听前猜四个选项They开头，由C)“它们仿造英国汽车”可判断They指的是汽车，本题考查该种汽车的生产、性能、外观或面向群体方听前猜短文中间部分提到，1909年福特在推出的T型汽车更加便宜，因为它们是流水线生产的，故答案为A)A)ItmadenewsallovertheItwasbuiltfortheRoyalItmarkedanewerainmotorItattractedlargenumbersofQ:WhatdowelearnaboutthePreston听前猜听前猜

(22)ItisusuallyagreedthataGerman,KarlBenz,builtthefirstmotorcarin1885.Itwasactuallyatricyclewithapetrolmotorattherear.Soon,membersoftheRoyalfamilyandotherwealthypeopletookupmotoringasasport.Manyoftheearlycarshadtwoseats.(23)Therewerenopetrolpumpsandfewgarages,soeverydriverhadtobehisownengineerforthefrequentbreakdowns.By1905,carsbegantolooklikecarsoftoday,withheadlamps,windscreen,rubbertyresandnumbertes.(24)HenryFord’s“ModelT”,introducedinAmericain1909,wascheaperbecauseitwasmadeontheassemblyline.Itbroughtcarsclosertowardsthereachofordinarypeople.Withthepopularityofthecar,registrationbecameamustin CompetencytestswereintroducedinToday,thelegaldrivingageforacarintheUKis17.Youarenotallowedtodriveacarunsuperviseduntilyouhavepassedadrivingtest.In1958,Britaincelebratedtheopeningofitsfirstmotorway—thePrestonBypass.Untilthen,noonereallyunderstoodwhatamotorwaywas,noteventhelaborerswhowerebuildingit.(25)TheBypassheldanewerainmotortravelandwasgreetedwithexcitementandoptimism.Servicestationscamewiththemotorwayandthelegendofthetransportcaféwasborn.Ofcourse,theservicestationhasdiversifiedgreatly.Butwhetherit’san短文末尾提到，1958年英国建立了第一条高速公路，这条高速公路开启了汽车旅行的新，故答案为C)。

English-cookedbreakfastoracoffeeandasandwich,onethinghasremainedthesame:theprices.PARTPARTReadingSectionSection越来越多的表明，体育活动不仅对身体好，而且对大(adadzedtss) 鉴于学校赖以生存的财政预算有所减少，这些数据无疑会使目前关于是否要将体育课的争论更加激烈。支持将体育课的一方担心，体育课keaayfro)间。近几年，学生的考试成绩有所下降，因此，一些管人员认为学生们应该将的时间放在课堂上而不是操场上。炼可以改善大脑的血液循环， 名名动D)depressing使沮丧，使；E)drop下降，减少；M)review回顾，评论；N)survive生存，存活动Otend倾向于，易形容形容副副Physicalactivitydoesthebodygood,andthere’sgrowingevidencethatithelpsthebraintoo.ResearchersintheNetherlandsreportthatchildrenwhogetmoreexercise,whetheratschoolorontheirown,(26)tendtohaveGPAsandbetterscoresonstandardizedtests.Ina(27)reviewof14studiesthatlookedatphysicalactivityand(28)performance,investigatorsfoundthatthemorechildrenmoved,thebettertheirgradeswereinschool,(29)inthebasicsubjectsofmath,EnglishandO)。详解thatchildren缺少谓语动词，而且空格处的词语应与空格后的介词to搭配构成动词短语，由于主句为一般现在时所以空格处应该填入动词。该句的意思是：不论是参加学校活动，还是自己运动，经常运动的孩子在标准化考试中往往会有较高的平均绩点和分数tend“倾向于，易于”，符合句意。备选项中的depressing和drop不是动词，可以排除；review和survive均无法与to搭配使用，可M)。详解名词辨析题。空格前面有介词Ina，所以空格处需要填入名词。通过上下文可知，本句的大意是：在对过14个关于体育锻炼和学业表现关系的回顾中，研究人员发现了二者的相互关系，所以句首应使用Inareviewof，指“在对过去……的回顾中”。L)。详解名词辨析题。空格前为形容词，因此空格处应该填入名词，且该名词能与academic搭配。备选名词中能够和academic搭配的只剩下performance。academicperformance“学业表现”为固定表达。,K。详解inthatpriualyThedatawillcertainlyfueltheongoingdebateoverwhetherphysicaleducationclassesshouldbecutasschoolsstruggleto(30)surviveonsmallerbudgets.Theargumentsagainstphysicaleducationhaveincludedconcernsthatgymtimemaybetakingawayfromstudytime.WithstandardizedtestscoresintheU.S.(31)dropinrecentyears,someadministratorsbelievestudentsneedtospendmoretimeintheclassroominsteadofontheyground.Butasthesefindingsshow,exerciseandacademicsmaynotbe(32)mutuallyexclusive.Physicalactivitycanimproveblood(33)flowtothebrain,fuelingmemory,attentionandcreativity,whichare(34)essentialtolearning.Andexercisereleaseshormonesthatcanimprove(35)moodandrelievestress,whichcanalsohelplearning.Sowhileitmayseemasifkidsarejustexercisingtheirbodieswhenthey’rerunningaround,theymayactuallybeexercisingtheirbrainsaswell.N)。详解动词辨析题。空格前面有介toonsmallerbudgets，所以空格处应填入一个动词。另外，从句意上来看，这一句与上句为因果关系，说明出现关于体育课争论的原因，即：学校赖以生存的财政预算减少。备选动词中符合结构和句意双重要求的只有survive，由此确N)为本题答案。E)。详解动词辨析题。通过分析句子结构可知，空格位于with引导的表示原因的独立主格结构中，空格前面有主语standardizedtestscores，由此可知空格处的词语与前面的主语是主谓关系，并且这个词应该是动词分词备选的现在分词有depressing和drop，其中depressing“使沮丧，使”，意思上与主语不搭配，所以J)详解副词辨析题。空格前面是be动词，后面为形容词exclusive，因此空格处需要填入副词修饰其后的形容词。前一句中提到一些管理人员认为学生们应该将的时间放在课堂上而不是操场上。空格所在句和前H)。详解名词辨析题。空格处前面有动词improve和名词blood，分析句子结构可知，空格处所填词应与blood搭配构成动词improve的宾语，因此空格处需要填入一个名词。此处只有flow可以与blood搭配，表达“血液循环”的意思。所以flow为本题的答案。与F)。详解betolearning，因此空格处需要填入形容词，与后面的介词to搭配。前一句中提到体育锻炼可以改善大脑的血液循环，增强力、注意力和创造力。因此，空格处需要填入一个表示褒义的形容词，表明这些能力对学习的重要性。由此确定essential“至关重要的，必需的”为本题答案。同时，beessentialto为固定表达。I)。详解improve，后面为连andrelievestress，所以空格处需要thathormones，表明这是一种可以缓解压力的荷尔蒙。因此空格处的名词应该和stress在意义上相对。mood“心情，情绪”符合句意，故为本题的答案。SectionSectionA)~B)段提出如何A)~B)段提出如何为年老的长辈挑选养老(3)辅助生活社区的生活质量真的比养老院有大幅度提高吗？或者仅仅辅助生活社区的装修好一些？养老院真的像人们担心的C段提出自己的观点，养老机构的类型(4)那么重要，这事情变C段提出自己的观点，养老机构的类型佳的阴郁的(gloomy)环境中，没有人能精力旺盛。但是大量的研究最近在《应用老年》上的一项研究了康涅狄格州150名分别辅助生活社区、养老院和较小的住宅之家（在一些州被称为照顾之家或成人之家）的老人。康涅狄格大研究的第一作者朱莉·罗宾逊——大学的医学说道。(36)这一个合理的(reasonable)假定——很多家庭都努力避免选择养老院，)但是当研究人员加入一些其他变量(variable)时，这种差异D)~H)段介绍了在《应用老年医学》的一项研究并了该研究的结论，人和环境是互动的，入住老人自身的性格会影响他们在环境中的感受，两者的结合才是最重要的。康程度、和状况的感知——造成了差异。”罗宾逊博士解释道。(45)入住老人是否能感受到自己参与了搬家决定及他们居住D)~H)段介绍了在《应用老年医学》的一项研究并了该研究的结论，人和环境是互动的，入住老人自身的性格会影响他们在环境中的感受，两者的结合才是最重要的。(3)一位认为自己健康状况不佳的老人住在辅助生活社区并不会比住在养老院抑郁程轻（虽然儿女们更向于为她选择辅助生活社区。在其他因素相同的前提下，一位知道自己将要搬去的地方并有时间去适应的人不是在小住宅之家是在养老“你不能说’”罗宾逊博士说。她补充道，重)~)段提出一些早期的研究也有类似的结论，比起环境的星级标准，入住老人的身体健康和精神状态更能影响老人的生活。(44)这些违背的发现，以前也出现过。例如，在一项辅助量——机构的类型、大小或年限；是否属于连锁(chain)机构；周围街区的——和入住老人在生病、精神萎靡、住院治疗或方面)~)段提出一些早期的研究也有类似的结论，比起环境的星级标准，入住老人的身体健康和精神状态更能影响老人的生活。当我在考虑这些时，(41)一家享有盛誉的研究公司发的新闻稿放在我的桌上，稿子宣称医疗于2008年开发的帮助家度关系不大。事实上，消费者对那些最级的一星级机构设施的满意度比五星级的更高。（本研究具体内容和星级评定将登载在随K)~N)段结合研究成果给出结论并解决当然，想要去参观机构设施，管理者、入住老自己变成(privatedetective)或者国会小组。(37)“家K)~N)段结合研究成果给出结论并解决对怎给母来我都自的法他同样也自的法最，个友着母亲了们近/虽这次已和方定，是们女到时没有人迎接，也没有人向她们介绍其他的入住老人。在餐厅吃午餐时，她们单独坐在一桌。(40女儿担心她母亲那儿会被忽视，因此决定把母亲送到一Manypeoplefeelguiltywhentheycannotfindaceotherthananursinghomefortheir由题干guilty和nursing

“Wethoughtwewouldseedifferencesbasedonthehousingtypes,”saidtheleadauthorofthestudy,JulieRobison,anassociateprofessorofmedicineattheuniversity.Areasonableassumption—don’tfamiliesstruggletoavoidnursinghomesandsufferrealguiltiftheycan’t?详解)定，因为很多家庭都努力避免选择养老院，如果不能避免则会心怀内疚。原文用反问句来加强语气，而题干中。Thoughithelpsforchildrentoinvestigatecarefacilities,involvingtheirparentsinthedecision-makingprocessmayprovevery尽管孩子们机构设施是有帮助的，但是在做决定的时候让父母参与进去由题干carefacilities,involving和process,veryimportant定位到原文画

L)Ofcourse,sonsanddaughterswanttovisitthefacilities,talktotheadministratorsandresidentsandotherfamilies,anddoeverythingpossibletofulfilltheirduties.Butperhapstheydon’thavetoturnthemselvesintoprivateinvestigatorsor mittees.“Familiescanlookabitmoreforwheretheresidentsaregoingtobehappy,”Dr.Sloanesaid.Andinvolvingthefutureresidentintheprocesscanbevery详解L)段第一句提到想要去参观机构设施，管理者、入住老人和其他家庭，尽一切可能履行他们的职责。最后一句斯隆博士在这个过程中让入住老人参与进去是非常重要的。题干中的investigatecarefacilities是对原文第一句话的总结；最后一句中的thefutureresidents就是指题干中theirparents，故答案为详解传统上，人们大多认为辅助生活社区比养老院设施详解传统上，人们大多认为辅助生活社区比养老院设施好，条件好，提前能够为老人选择最好的地方)段使用了多个疑问句对这传统观念提出质疑：辅助社区的生活质量真的能比养老院大幅度高吗？者仅仅是辅助生活社区的装修好一些？养老院像人们担心的那样糟糕吗？还是那种担心只是人们的一种固有偏见？做好准备工作真能指导家庭找到最好的地方吗？最后一句话点题，说明以上问题的答案确实很难得知。题为。 由题干difficulttol,livingnursinghome定位到原文画线

Doesassistedlivingreallymarkagreatimprovementoveranursinghome,orhastheindustrysimplyhiredbetterinteriordesigners?Arenursinghomesasbadaspeoplefear,oristhatanout-modedstereotype（固定看法）？Canng reallysteerfamiliestothebestces?Itisgenuinelyhardtoknow.Howaresidentfeelsdependsonaninctionbetweenthemselvesandthecarefacilitytheylivein.译译定由题干inctionbetweenthemselvesandthecarefacility定位到原文画线处。定

详解H)段开头根据上文研究的结果 中的Howaresidentfeels是对定位段中第一、二句话的概括；betweenthemselvesandthecarefacility是将第三句中的betweenthe andthe ce具体化。因此题干是对前三句话的整合，故答案为H)。H)Anelderly whodescribesherselfasinpoorhealth,therefore,mightbenolessdepressedinassistedliving(evenifherchildren详解H)段开头根据上文研究的结果 中的Howaresidentfeels是对定位段中第一、二句话的概括；betweenthemselvesandthecarefacility是将第三句中的betweenthe andthe ce具体化。因此题干是对前三句话的整合，故答案为H)。Theauthorthinksherfriendmadearationaldecisioninchoosingamorehospitableceoveranapparentlyelegantassistedlivinghome.译译定由题干arationaldecision定位到原文定

N)Thedaughterfearedhermotherwouldbeignoredthere,andsoshedecidedtomoveherintoamore facility.Basedonwhatisemergingfromsomeofthisresearch,thatmighthavebeenasrationalawayasanytoreachadecision.详解N)段第一句提到，女儿在完高雅的辅助生活社区后，担详解N)段第一句提到，女儿在完高雅的辅助生活社区后，担心母亲在那会被忽视，因此决定把母亲送到一家更为热情的机构。题干中choosingamorehospitableceoveranapparentlyelegantassistedlivinghome是对本段第一句话的同义转述；madearationaldecision对应本段中的thatmighthavebeenasrationalawayasanyThesystemMedicaredevelopedtoratenursinghomequalityisoflittlehelptofindingasatisfactoryce.译译由题干Medicare和little,

J)AsIwasconsideringallthis,apressreleasefromarespectedresearchfirmcrossedmydesk,announcingthatthefive-starratingsystemthatMedicaredevelopedin2008tohelpfamiliescomparenursinghomequalityalsohaslittlerelationshiptohowsatisfieditsresidentsortheirfamilymembersare.Asamatteroffact,consumersexpressedhighersatisfactionwiththeone-starfacilities,thelowestrated,thanwiththefive-starones.(Moreonthisstudyandthestarratingswillappearinasubsequentpost.)详详解J)段提到一家享有盛誉的研究公司宣称 于2008年开发的帮助家庭比较养老院质量的五星级系统和入住老人及家庭成员的满意度关系不大。题干中的MedicaredevelopedtoratenursinghomequalityMedicaredevelopedin2008tohelpfamiliescomparenursinghomequality的同义转述；isoflittlehelphaslittlerelationship的同义转述；satisfactoryhowsatisfiedJ)Atfirsttheresearchersofthemostrecentstudyfoundresidentsinassistedlivingfacilitiesgavehigherscoresonsocialinction.Atfirst,higherscoressocial ction定位到原文画线处详解F)段举例介绍了最初的研Atfirst,higherscoressocial ction定位到原文画线处详解F)段举例介绍了最初的研究结果，辅助生活社区的入住老人比其他机构设施的入住老人更少有抑郁症状，很少感到无聊和孤独。他们在社会互动方面得分更高。题干中的Atfirst对应原文第一句中的initial；residentsinassistedlivingfacilities对应原文中的assistedlivingresidents；gavehigherscoresonsocial ction译文 为Whatkindofcarefacilityoldpeopleliveinmaybelessimportantthanwethink.

Intheinitialresults,assistedlivingresidentsdidpaintthemostpositivepicture.Theywerelesslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionthanthoseintheotherfacilities,forinstance,andlesslikelytobeboredorlonely.Theyscoredhigheronsocialinction.详解C)段提到，我认为老人住什么样的养老机构可能并没有我们设想的那么重要。题干中的maybelessimportantthanwethink是对原文中maymatterlessthanwehaveassumed的同义转述，故答案为C)。Iamabouttomakethingsmorecomplicatedbysuggestingthatwhatkindoffacilityanolder livesinmaymatterlessthanwehaveassumed.Andthatthecharacteristicsadultchildrenlookforwhentheybegin详解C)段提到，我认为老人住什么样的养老机构可能并没有我们设想的那么重要。题干中的maybelessimportantthanwethink是对原文中maymatterlessthanwehaveassumed的同义转述，故答案为C)。详解I)段提到，这些违背的发现，以前也曾出现过。并举出一项辅助生活社区详解I)段提到，这些违背的发现，以前也曾出现过。并举出一项辅助生活社区的多态研究的结果来证明I段第一句havesurfacedbefore是一个比喻，说明之前的研究有类似的结果出现，具体例子就是第二句中的multi-statestudyofassistedliving，这也印证了题干similar的说法，题干是对原文前两句的概括总结，故答案为ofassistedliving定位到原文画线处。

I)Suchfindings,whichruncountertocommonsense,havesurfacedbefore.Inamulti-statestudyofassistedliving,forinstance,UniversityofNorthCarolinaresearchersfoundthatahostofvariables—thefacility’stype,sizeorage;whetherachainownedit;howattractivetheneighborhoodwas—hadnosignificantrelationshiptohowtheresidentsfaredintermsofillness,mentaldecline,hospitalizationsormortality.Whatmatteredmostwastheresidents’physicalhealthandmentalstatus.Whatpeoplewerelikewhentheycameinhadgreaterconsequencethanwhathappenedoncetheywerethere.Aresident’ssatisfactionwithacarefacilityhasmuchtodowithwhethertheyhadparticipatedinthedecisiontomoveinandhowlongtheyhadstayedthere.译文入住居民对机构的满意程度和他们是否参与了搬家决定以及他们居住时间