天津部分区2023届高考考前模拟英语试题含解析

2023年高考英语模拟试卷考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Aheartylaughrelievesphysicaltension,_____yourmusclesrelaxedforoverhalfanhour.A．toleave B．left C．leaving D．leave2．Ifyouseethingsinanegativelight,youwillfindfaultseverywhereandproblemswheretherearereally________．A．noneB．someC．manyD．nothing3．Somepeopleareabletomultitaskwell—theycantwoormorebusinessesatthesametimeverywell.A．turntoB．relatetoC．leadtoD．attendto4．--DidJimcome?--Idon’tknow.He_______whileIwasout.A．mighthavecome B．mightcomeC．musthavecome D．shouldhavecome5．HowIwishI______mymouthbeforeIshoutedatmymum!A．shut B．haveshutC．hadshut D．wouldshut6．I______tellyouwithcertaintythathewon’tbeabletofinishitbeforethedeadline.A．willB．mustC．canD．may7．______toworkovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.A．HavingbeenaskedB．ToaskC．HavingaskedD．Tobeasked8．Hotthenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.A．althoughB．whileC．asD．however9．WhenPaul________forthefinalgameofthebasketballseason,hisfansletoutshoutsofcry.A．madeupB．showedupC．caughtupD．heldup10．Thedrumsofwararebeatingonceagain.AstensionsrisebetweenAmericaandIran,Chinaappealstobothsidesto________.A．standby B．comealongC．stepback D．sticktogether11．—That'sthethirdtimeyou'vedonethat!—Yeah,_____?A．whatofitB．what’sonC．whataboutD．whatfor12．ItisalmostfiveyearssinceJimmytaughthighschoolstudentsandhe_____asaninterpreterinaforeignenterprise.A．servedB．hadservedC．isservingD．wouldserve13．Wearrangedtomeetatthecinemaat7:30,butJackfailedto______.A．breakupB．setupC．turnupD．giveup14．Thenewmeansoftransport________inthiscity,sowhetheritwillworkoutremainstobeseen.A．havenevertriedB．hasnevertriedC．haveneverbeentriedD．hasneverbeentried15．Thebusinessmanstudiedthemarketinhishometowntofindthe____forinvestment.A．potential B．reservation C．criterion D．allowance16．Itgivesusgreatdelight______Chinesesciencefictionsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.A．how B．whatC．that D．why17．Thetwogirlsaregettingonverywellandshare_______witheachother.A．little B．much C．some D．none18．Itwasjustatthetimethebellranghefinishedthelastwordinhiscomposition. A．when;which B．that;when C．when;that D．that;which19．—Wouldyoumindmovingoveralittle?Ihavetopasshere.—________I’dliketohelp.A．Notintheslightest. B．Don’tmentionit.C．Nevermind. D．Atyourservice.20．Theeventthat_________inmymemoryhappenedonemorningin1983whenIwas14yearsold.Ithasneverescaped.A．stoodoutB．standsoutC．wouldstandoutD．hasstoodout第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Forpeople,manyotheranimals,familymatters.Considerhowmanyjobsgotorelatives.Orhowanantwillcruellyattackintruder(入侵的)antsbutrescueinjured,closelyrelatednest-mates.Therearegoodevolutionaryreasonstoaidrelatives,afterall.Now,itseems,familyfeelingsmaystirinplantsaswell.ACanadianbiologistplantedtheseedoftheideamorethanadecadeago,butmanyplantbiologistsregardeditasheretical—plantslackthenervoussystemsthatenableanimalstorecognizekin(家族),sohowcantheyknowtheirrelatives?Butwithaseriesofrecentfindings,thebeliefthatplantsreallydocarefortheirmostgeneticallyclosepeers—inaquiet,plantyway—istakingroot.Somespeciescontrolhowfartheirrootsspread,otherschangehowmanyflowerstheyproduce,andafewtilt(倾斜)orshifttheirleavestominimizeshadingofneighboringplants,favoringrelatedindividuals.“Weneedtorecognizethatplantsnotonlysensewhetherit’slightordarkorifthey’vebeentouched,butalsowhomtheyareinteractingwith,”saysSusanDudley,aplantevolutionaryecologist,whoseearlyplantkinrecognitionstudiessparkedtheinterestofmanyscientists.Beyondbroadeningviewsofplantbehavior,thenewworkmayhaveapracticalside.InSeptember2018,ateaminChinareportedthatriceplantedwithkingrowsbetter,afindingthatsuggestedfamilytiescanbeusedtoimprovecropyields.“Itseemsanytimeanyonelooksforit,theyfindakineffect,”saysAndreKessler,achemicalecologistatCornellUniversity.1、Whyareantsmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A．Toshowhowcruelantsaretotheirenemies.B．Tolayfoundationfortheideaofplants’familyfeelings.C．Tointroducethetopicofhowfamilymatterstoanimals.D．Toexplainwhypeopleusuallygivemorejobstotheirrelatives.2、Whichofthefollowingwordshastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“heretical”?A．Indescribable. B．Understandable. C．Impossible. D．Traditional.3、Whatmaybetheplants’wayofexpressingtheircareforrelatives?A．Theystopproducingflowerstoavoidcompetition.B．Theyspreadtheirrootsfarsoastoprotecttheirpeers.C．Theycarefortheirinjuredpeersbysilentlytakingroots.D．Theymovetheirleavestosharesunlightwiththeirclosepeers.4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Differentplantsmustn’tbeplantedtogether.B．Cornplantedwithcorncanproducemorethanthatwithrice.C．Chinahasputtheideaintowidepracticeandachievedgreatsuccess.D．Thecloserriceisplantedwiththeirrelativesthemoretheywillproduce.22．（8分）Abiologistoncecriticizedforstealingeggsfromthenestsoftherarestbirdintheworldhasbeenawardedthe“NobelPrize”ofconservationafterhismethodssavedninespeciesfromextinction.ProfessorCarlJoneswonthe2016IndianapolisPrize---thehighestaccoladeinthefieldofanimalconservation---forhis40yearsofworkinMauritius,wherehesavedanendangeredkestrelfrombecomingthenextGreatAuk.Whenthe61-year-oldfirsttravelledtotheeastAfricanislandinthe1970s,hewastoldtoclosedownaprojecttosavetheMauritiuskestrel.Atthetimetherewerejustfourleftinthewild,makingittherarestbirdonEarth.However,hestayed,usingthetechniquesofcaptivebreeding(人工繁殖),whichinvolvedsnatchingeggsfromthebirds’nestsandhatching（孵化）themunderincubators,promptingthemotherstolayanothersetofeggsinthewild.Adecadelater,thenumberofMauritiuskestrelshadsoaredtoover300andtodaytherearearound400inthewild.Thebiologisthasalsobeennecessaryineffortstobringotherrarespeciesbackfromtheedgeofextinction,includingthepinkpigeon,echoparakeetandRodrigueswarbler.ProfJoneswasawardedthe$250,000(£172,000)prizeataceremonyinLondon.“Asayoungmaninmy20s,Icertainlydidn’tenjoythestressandthetensionofthecriticismIreceived,”reflectingonthestartofhiscareer,hesaidtheMaurutiuskestrelprojecthadbeenseenasa“deadloss”atthetime.Inthe1970stherewasfierceoppositiontothecaptivebreedingtechniques,withcriticsarguingthattheyweretooriskyandtooktheemphasisoffbreedinginthewild.ProfJoneshasdevotedhiswholelifetohiswork,onlybecomingafatherforthefirsttimeeightyearsago,at53.Hesaidreceivingtheprizewasparticularlyimportanttohim,becauseitprovedthathisworktosavebirdswasright.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accolade”meaninParagraph2?A．return B．levelC．honor D．research2、Accordingtothepassage,GreatAukis________.A．anendangeredbird B．anextinctbirdC．apopularbird D．afiercebird3、WhatcanweknowfromthefiguresinParagraph4?A．Takingeggsfromthenestshasworkedwell.B．Thewildenvironmentforkestrelhaschangedalot.C．Kestrelhasadaptedtothelifeinthewild.D．It’sdifficulttoprotectkestrel.4、ProfJones’ideaoftakingeggsfromthebirds’nests________.A．wasprovedofnouse B．waswidelyacceptedC．waspromotedofficially D．wascriticizedbysomepeople23．（8分）YouprobablyknowabouttheTitanic,butitwasactuallyjustoneofthreestate-of-theart（最先进的）oceanshipsbackintheday.TheOlympicclassshipswerebuiltbytheHarland&WolffshipmakersinNorthernIrelandfortheWhiteStarLinecompany.TheOlympicclassincludedtheOlympic,theBritannicandtheTitanic.WhatyoumaynotknowisthattheTitanicwasn’teventheflagshipofthisclass.Allinall,theOlympicclassshipsweremarvelsofseaengineering，buttheyseemedcursedtosufferdisastrousfates.TheOlympiclaunchedfirstin1910,followedbytheTitanicin1911,andlastlytheBritannicin1914.Theshipshadninedecks,andWhiteStarLinedecidedtofocusonmarkingthemthemostluxuriousshipsonthewater.Stretching269.13meters,theOlympicclassshipwerewondersofnavaltechnology,andeveryonethoughtthattheywouldcontinuetobesoforquitesometime.However,allsufferedterribleaccidentsontheopenseas.TheOlympicgotwreckedbeforetheTitanicdid,butitwastheonlyonesurviveandmaintainasuccessfulcareerof24years.TheTitanicwasthefirsttosinkafterfamouslyhittingahugeicebergin1912.Followingthisdisaster,theBritannichitanavalminein1916andsubsequentlysankaswell.Eachshipwascoal-poweredbyseveralboilersconstantlykeptrunningbyexhaustedcrewsbelowdeck.Mostrecognizableoftheshipdesignsaretheship’ssmokestacks,butthefourthstackwasactuallyjustartisticinnatureandservednofunctionalpurpose.Whiletwooftheseshipssank,theywerealldesignedwithdoublehulls（船体）believedtomakethem“unsinkable”,perhapsamistakenideathatledtotheTitanic’sandtheBritannic’stragicend.TheOlympicsufferedtwocrasheswithothershipsandwentontoserveasahospitalshipandtrooptransportinWorldWarI.Eventually,shewastakenoutofservicein1935,endingtheeraoftheluxuriousOlympicclassoceanliners.1、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthethreeOlympicclassships?A．Theyperformedmarvelouslyonthesea.B．Theycouldallbreaktheiceintheirway.C．Theyallexperiencedterriblemisfortunes.D．Theyweremodelsofmodernengineering.2、WhatdidWhiteStarlinehaveinmindwhenitpurchasedthethreeships?A．Theircapacityofsailingacrossallwaters.B．Theutmostcomfortpassengerscouldenjoy.C．Theirabilitytosurvivedisastersofanykind.D．Thelongvoyagestheywereabletoundertake.3、mighthaveledtothetragicendoftheTitanicandtheBritannic?A．TheirunscientificdesignsB．Theircaptains’misjudgmentC．TheassumptionthattheywerebuiltwiththelatesttechnologyD．Thebeliefthattheycouldneversinkwithadouble-layerbody4、IntheendtheshipOlympic.A．wasusedtocarrytroopsB．wassunkinWorldWarIC．wasconvertedintoahospitalshipD．wasretiredafterhernavalservice24．（8分）Nearly20U.S.stateshavestartedcarryingoutformerpresidentBarackObama’sCleanPowerPlan,whichplaceslimitsoncarbondioxideemissionsfrompowerplantsinanefforttoreducetheimpactsofclimatechange.Theplanhasbeeninlegallimbo(边缘)forthepastyear.Yetscientistshavenowcalculatedanotheroutcomeofthepolicy:harmtocropyields(产量)iftheplaniscancelled.Alongwithcarbonpollution,coal-firedpowerplantsspew(喷出)pollutantsthatformwhatweknowassmog.Thecontributionofsmogtoincreasedratesofasthma(哮喘)andprematuredeathswasalreadyknown.Thenewresearchestimatestheextenttowhichsmog,underair-pollutionpolicies-4nplacebeforetheCleanPowerPlan,wouldlimitproductionin2020offourmajorcrops:corn,cotton,potatoesandsoybeans.LedbyenvironmentalengineerShannonL.Capps,nowatDrexelUniversity,theteamalsosketchedtheextenttowhichthosecropproductionlosseswouldreduceunderthreenationwidescenarios(方案).Oneimprovedtheefficiencyofindividualpowerplants.AnothermodeledapolicysimilartotheObamaplan,settingstateCO2emissionsgoalsfortheelectricitydepartment.Athirdestablishedataxoncarbonemissions,underwhichemissionsfellthemost.Butthegreatestdropinsmog-formingpollutants—andgreatestgainsincropyields—camefrompoliciessuchastheCleanPowerPlan.Researcherscalculatedhowwelleachscenariowouldreducethepotentialproductivityloss(PPL)ofeachcrop.PPLisaprojectedvaluefor2020andindicateshowmuchcropgrowthwouldsufferbecauseofsmog.Scenario2mostcloselyagreeswithresultsexpectedfromtheCleanPowerPlan.1、What’sthemainpurposeofTheCleanPowerPlan?A．Tooffercleanpower, B．TolimitCO2emissions.C．Toslowclimatechange. D．Toincreasecropproduction.2、Thelatestresearchshowsthatsmogmaycause.A．asthma B．earlydeathsC．heartdisease D．cropproductionloss3、WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A．Scenario3wasintendedtoincreasetaxes.B．Scenario2increasedcropyieldsmost.C．Scenario1didn’thaveanyeffectoncropyields.D．ThethreescenariosweremadeatDrexelUniversity.4、What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．U.S.statesrestarttheObama’sPlan.B．TheCleanPowerPlanwascalledoff.C．Threescenariosbenefitcropyields.D．Smogdoesharmtopeople’shealth.25．（10分）ArobotcalledBina48hassuccessfullytakenacourseinthephilosophyofloveatNotreDamedeNamurUniversity(NDNU),inCalifornia.AccordingtocourseinstructorWilliamBarry,associateprofessoratNDNU,Bina48istheworld’sfirstsociallyadvancedrobottocompleteacollegecourse,afeathedescribedas“remarkable.”Therobottookpartinclassdiscussions,gaveapresentationwithastudentpartnerandparticipatedinadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution.Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarrysclassesforseveralyears.OnedaywhenaddressingBarry’sclass,Bina48expressedadesiretogocollege,adesirethatBarryandhisstudentsenthusiasticallysupported.RatherthanenrollBina48inhisRobotEthics:PhilosophyofEmergingTechnologiescourse,BarrysuggestedthatBina48shouldtakehiscoursePhilosophyofLoveinstead.LoveisaconceptBina48doesn’tunderstand,saidBarry.ThereforethechallengewouldbeforBarryandhisstudentstoteachBina48whatloveis.“Someinterestingthingshappenedintheclass,”saidBarry.HesaidthathisstudentsthoughtitwouldbestraightforwardtoteachBina48aboutlove,which,afterall,is“fairlysimple—it’safeeling,”saidBarry.Buttherealitywasdifferent.Bina48endeduplearning“31differentversionsoflove,”saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingartificialintelligenceinfuture.Bina48participatedinclassdiscussionsviaSkypeandalsotookpartinaclassdebateaboutloveandconflictwithstudentsfromWestPoint.Bina48’scontributiontothedebatewasfilmedandpostedonYouTube.ItwasjudgedthatBina48andNDNUclassmateswerethewinnersofthisdebate.Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteachaclass,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearningexperience,ratherthanreplacinginstructorscompletely.1、（小题1）WhatwasBina48’sperformancelikeinclass?A．Extraordinary.B．Insignificant.C．Far-reaching.D．Unattractive.2、（小题2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“addressing”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Dealingwith.B．Consultingwith.C．Givingaspeechto.D．Sendingaletterto.3、（小题3）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．ItwasinterestingforBina48tolearnaboutlove.B．ItwasquitetoughforBina48tolearnaboutlove.C．Artificialintelligencemaysomehowbesuperiortoman.D．Humanscanlaunchachallengetoartificialintelligence.4、（小题4）WhatdoesBarrythinkofthefuturedevelopmentofBina48?A．Itwillsurelybeabletoserveasateacher.B．Itwillbeabletopromotelearningandteaching.C．Itwillcompletelytaketheplaceofinstructors.D．Itwillbesmartenoughtocontrolhumanbeings.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Afterthebirthofmysecondchild,Igotajobatarestaurant.Havingworkedwithanexperienced1forafewdays,Iwas2towaittablesonmyown.Allwent3thatfirstweek.WhenSaturdaynightcame,Iwasluckily4thetablesnotfarfromthekitchen.5,Istillfeltalittlehardtocarrytheheavytrays(托盘).BeforeIknewit,the6wasfullofpeople.Imovedslowly,7everystep.Irememberhow8IwaswhenIsawthetraystand(架子)nearthetables.ItlookeddifferentfromtheoneIwas9on.Ithadnicehandles,whichmadeit10tomovearound.Iwaspleasedwitheverythingandbeganto11Iwasanaturalatthisjob.Then,anoldmancametomeandsaid,“Excuseme,dear,mywifeandIloved12youwork.Itseemsyourtraystandhasbeenvery13toyou,butwearegettingreadyto14now,andmywifeneedsher15back.”Atfirsthis16didnotgetacross.“Whatwashetalkingabout?”ThenIgotit.Ihadsetmytraysonhiswife’sorthopedicwalker(助步器).Istoodfrozenasice,butmyfacewas17.Iwantedtogetintoaholeand18.Sincethen,IhavelearnedfrommanymistakessuchastheoneIjust19.Ihavelearnedtobemore20andnottobetoosureofmyself.1、A．waitress B．assistant C．cook D．manager2、A．promised B．invited C．allowed D．advised3、A．well B．quickly C．safely D．wrong4、A．left B．shown C．brought D．given5、A．Therefore B．However C．Otherwise D．Finally6、A．kitchen B．street C．restaurant D．table7、A．changing B．minding C．taking D．saving8、A．angry B．calm C．sad D．happy9、A．fixed B．trained C．loaded D．waited10、A．slower B．lighter C．quieter D．easier11、A．believe B．agree C．regret D．pretend12、A．letting B．making C．watching D．having13、A．unusual B．familiar C．useful D．interesting14、A．rest B．order C．eat D．leave15、A．bag B．walker C．tray D．coat16、A．message B．praise C．idea D．need17、A．cold B．fullofjoy C．pale D．onfire18、A．lie B．hide C．defend D．stay19、A．repeated B．discovered C．corrected D．described20、A．careful B．patient C．honest D．practical第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Duringthepasttenyears,traditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)hasbeengaining1．(popular)acrosstheworld.Thisstyleofhealthcarehasspreadto183countries.Uptonow,approximately100internationalagreements2．(sign)withChinesegovernmentonTCMcooperation.Oneofthereasonsforsuchagrowingtrendisprobablyduetotheincreaseof3．(science)researchintoTCM.SinceTuYouyou,aChinesescientistwasawardedNobelPrizeforherdiscoveryofthedrugqinghaosu,TCMhasbecomeevenmore4．(globe)famous.Whilequiteafew5．(explain)havebeengiventosupportTCMtheories,itisstillfacedwiththechallengein6．(prove)tothepublicthatithascertaineffectswhenusedinmedicaltreatment.That’stosay,itissignificantin7．longrunforTCMtoteamupwithWesternmedicine.Scientistsholdthebelief8．usingthecollectiveknowledge,ratherthanregardingthetwoapproaches9．beingincompetitioniswherethepotentialforitsenormouseffects10．_(lie)in.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Inmymind,Icouldneverfancyhowtensecondoflifecouldchangeaperson’sviewforhiswholeexistence.AfewyearsagoIexperiencetheworstmomentinmylife.Iwasdrivinghomethatafternoon.Unfortunately,Ididn’tmakeithomeasusuallybecauseIhadacaraccident.WhileIwasdriving,allofasudden,butthe