初中英语副词专题

专题五副词知识清单要点一副词的分类及功能 要点三副词的比较级要点二副词的位置 要点四常见副词的用法及解析要点一副词的分类及功能1.副词的分类时间副词时间副词有now，then.today.tomorrow.yesterday.before.ago.soon.immediately.lately.early.sometimes.often.always.usually.already.yet.ever.never等。时间副词是确定句子时态的重要标志，所以一定要牢固掌握不同时态的时间标志。地点副词地点副词有outside，inside，upstairs，here，there，home，near，away，in，back，off，up，anywhere等。地点副词和动词连用时不加介词。方式副词方式副词有quickly，happily，loudly，suddenly，luckily，badly，easily，fast，again等。方式副词大多有“形容词+ly”构成。程度副词程度副词有very，quite，rather，too，much，so等。有些程度副词可以修饰形容词原级，有些能修饰形容词比较级。频度副词频度副词有sometimes，often，always，never等。频度副词一般和一般现在时连用，表示动作发生的频率。疑问副词疑问副词有when，where，why，how，howlong，howsoon，howoften，howfar等。疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。关系副词关系副词有when，where，why，how等。关系副词常用来引导从句。其他副词如luckily，finally，perhaps等，用于整个句子进行说明。2.副词的语法功能（1）作状语=1\*GB3①修饰动词，如：It’srainingheavily.天正下着大雨。They’rewarmlywelcomedbythestudents.他们受到学生们的热烈欢迎。=2\*GB3②修饰形容词，如：You’requiteright.你非常正确。=3\*GB3③修饰其他副词，如：Don’tdrivetoofast.别骑得太快。NeitherTomnorSusancanswimverywell.汤姆和苏珊都不太会游泳。=4\*GB3④修饰介词短语，如：——Whereisthebroom?扫帚在哪儿?——Justbehindthedoor.就在门后。=5\*GB3⑤修饰从句，如：ThisisexactlywhatIsaid.这正是他所说的。=2\*GB2⑵作定语。有少数地点副词和时间副词可以作定语，放在所修饰词的后面。如：Thecomradeshereareallverykindtome.这的同志对我都非常和善。=3\*GB2⑶作表语。作表语的副词多数是表示位置的。如：in.out.on.back.down.up.off.away.upstairs等，如：Heisin.他在家。Whenwillyoubeback?你何时回来？=4\*GB2⑷作宾语补足语。如：IsawyououtwithmysisterlastSaturday.上周六我看见你和我姐姐一起出去了。互动训练Whenheheardacryforhelp.heranoutas___ashecould. —Ihaven’tbeentotheGreatWallyet.—Ihaven’tbeen.A.too B.also C.either D.neither—MissGaoisverypopularwithherstudents.—Yes.Herclassesare___livelyandinteresting.A.seldom B.never C.sometimes D.always—____hastheforeignteacherbeenShanghai?—Foroneyear.often soon longD.Howfar—doyoutakeexercise?—Threetimesaweek.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.HowmuchDon’tworry.Wendycanlookafteryourbird____whenyou’reout.A.care B.careful C.carelesswassoexcitedatthenewsthatshecould___sayaword.A.ever B.almost C.hardlyD.always—Doyouconsideryouarudeperson?—____not.Ialwayshavegoodmanners. Ican___beanurse.I’mnotaverypatientperson.A.seldomB.ever C.never D.always—Wherewouldyouliketogoonyoursummerholiday.Mike?—I’dliketogo_____. B.anywhere C.everywhereD.nowhere1..11(填空)It’sso___________(相当难的一项)job.要点二副词的位置1.地点副词、时间副词和方式副词一般放在句末。同时出现时间副词和地点副词时，其顺序为地点、时间。如：Writedownyournamehere.把你的名字写在这里。I’llseehimattheschoolgatetomorrow.明天我将在校门口见他。2.频度副词：通常放在实义动词前，be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后。如：Shealmostforgotaboutthewholething.她几乎忘记了整件事情。Theyarealwayslateforschool.他们总是上学迟到。注意：ever和never有时放在助动词前，表强调。如：Nothingeverhasmadehimangry.他从未为任何事情生过气。3.程度副词：=1\*GB2⑴修饰动词时，与频度副词的位置相似。如：Idon’tquiteagreewithyou.我不完全同意你的观点。=2\*GB2⑵修饰形容词、副词时，放在它所修饰的词前面。如：Heworksalittlehardernow.他现在工作更努力了一些。Theroomisbigenoughtolivein.这个房间足够住了。注意：enough作为副词，修饰形容词、副词时，应置于所修饰的形容词、副词的后边。但作为形容词修饰名词时，常放在名词的前面。如：Idon’thaveenoughmoneytobuythishouse.我没有足够的钱来买这所房子。互动训练—Hi.Bob!Ican’tfindmyhistorybook.Haveyouseenit____?—Sorry.Ihaven’t.Whydon’tyouaskJim?Perhapshe’sseenit.SomewhereB.everywhereC.nowhereD.anywhereHe_____atsixeverymorning.A.oftengetupB.oftengetsupC.getsupoftenD.getsupoften—____doyoulikeChinesefood?—Verymuch.HowB.WhereC.What（填空）Mobilephonesare____(广泛)usedinmostofthecitiesinChina.—Idon’tknow____sheis.—Hermothersayssheismuchbetterthesedays.B.howIcan’tsay____Iwanttogobacktomyhometown.It’squiteafewyearssinceIwentbacklasttime.A.howmuchlongoftensoon要点三副词的比较级1.副词的比较级和最高级的构成与形容词的比较级、最高级的构成类似，有规划变化和不规则变化。规则变化请参见形容词比较级的变化方法。如：原级比较级最高级hardharderhardestfastfasterfastestearlyearlierearliest原级比较级最高级slowlymoreslowlymostslowlyquicklymorequicklymostquicklycarefullymorecarefullymostcarefully原级比较级最高级wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestlittlelessleast2.副词比较级的基本用法=1\*GB2⑴原级用法：as+副词原级+as.如：Icanrunasquicklyashecan.HespeaksEnglishaswellasaforeigner.=2\*GB2⑵比较级的用法：副词比较级+than.如：Shegotupearliertodaythanyesterday.Icanrunmorequicklythanhe.=3\*GB2⑶最高级的用法：（the）+最高级+in/of短语。如：Whorunsfastestofthethree?Tomrunsmostquicklyinhisclass.互动训练Jackisgoodatdrawing.Ithinknoonedraws____.A.better C.worseAmongthethreeboys.heworksperhapsthe_____.A.hard D.mosthardThemorewelookatthe.A.thebetterweliked lesswelikeditC.welikeditless D.betteritwelikeBobneverdoeshishomework_____Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefullyas B.ascarefullyasC.carefullyas D.ascarefulasMysisterisgoodatsports.andshecanjump_____thanme.B.veryhighC.toohighD.muchhigher.Whichdoyoulike____.tea.orangeorwater?A.goodB.wellC.bestD.better---DidKatedobestinthefinalexam?---No.butofallthestudentsshedid____.mostcarefulB.morecarefulcarefullyD.morecarefully要点四常见副词的用法及辨析与much表示“很”“非常”very用于修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词，但名词前可以有形容词作定语。如：It’sverynice.Shesaidshewasmuchbetterthanbefore.IlikeEnglishverymuch.与such表示“如此”“那么”“这么”=1\*GB2⑴so修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词，但名词前可以有形容词作定语。如：Ican’tbeheresoearly.I’veneverseensuchfinedrawings.=2\*GB2⑵so修饰的形容词后可以有一个单数可数名词，其结构是so+adj.+a/an+n.如：Sheissogoodagirl.=Sheissuchagoodgirl.=3\*GB2⑶如果可数名词复数前有many.few或不可数名词前有such.little等表示数量多少的形容词时，用so而不用such.如：I’mafraidthathe’llforgetitifhemissessomanylessons.MissZhaogotsolittlemoneyamonth.=4\*GB2⑷巧记so与much的用法区别：名词such.形、副so.多多少少还用so3.too.also.either表示“也（不）”too和also用于肯定句中，too常用于口语中，置于句末；also常用于书面语中，置于be动词后，行为动词前；either用于否定句句尾。如：I’mfine.Wealsohaveelevenplayersinateam.Chinesetake-awayfoodisalsopopular.Wedon’tlikethesame.4.sometime.sometimes.sometimes.sometimeSometime表示将来或过去的“某个时候”；sometime指“有时候”；sometime则指“一段时间”；sometimes表示“倍数、次数”。如：Newstudentswillcometoourschoolsometimenextweek.Ittookmesometimetofinishreadingthebook.Sometimes.Iknowwhatshe’sthinking.Ourschoolissometimeslargerthantheirs.这样巧记sometime.sometime.sometimes和sometimes:分开是“一段“，相连为“某时”，分开s是“倍、次”，相连s是“有时”。5.already.yet表示“已经”already表示某事已经发生；yet用于疑问句表示“已经”，用于否定句表示“还没有”。如：I’vealreadyfinishedit.Ihavesungalready.Haveyoufoundyourruleryet?Hehasn’tfinishedhisworkyet.例题Hollyhas___fedthedog.butshehasn’twateredtheplants______.Still;alreadyB.already;yetC.yet;stillD.yet;already解析本体考察副词的辨析。Still意为“仍旧，还”，不合题意，故排除。Already和yet表示“已经”，aleady常用于肯定句中，yet常用于否定句中。答案;B6.hard和hardlyhard用作副词，意为“猛烈地”“辛苦地”“努力地”；用作形容词，意为“困难的”“坚硬的”；hardly表否定，意为“几乎不”。两个词的意思完全不一样。如：Hestudieshard.Hehardlystudies.Stoneisveryhard.Shehardlyeverexercise.Thisquestionistoohardforsuchalittleboy.long.howsoon.howoften.howfar=1\*GB2⑴howlong意为“多长时间”，就“for+时间段”或“since+时间点”提问，对howlong引起的问句也要用howlong;=2\*GB2⑵howsoon意为“多久以后”，就“in”引起的将来的时间提问，对howsoon问句也要用“in”引起的表示将来的时间回答，howsoon问句是将来时态；=3\*GB2⑶howoften意为“多久一次”，就频率提问，常用once/twice/threetimesaweek或everyfivedays等短语回答；=4\*GB2⑷howfar意为多远，就距离提问。8.muchtoo和toomuch=1\*GB2⑴muchtoo修饰形容词和副词的原级，意为“非常，极其”，中心词是too;=2\*GB2⑵toomuch意为“太多”，“非常”，中心词是much，常用来修饰不可数名词，也可以单独使用，作宾语或修饰动词。如：Itismuchtoocoldtoday.Tomlikesfootballtoomuch.Don’teattoomuch.Theirsistoomuchiceontheroad.andyoumustbecareful.互动训练Ilikelivinghere______.A.quitemuchB.evenmuchC.verymuchD.suchmuchHaveyoueverseen_____bigpandabefore.A.asuchB.suchaC.soaD.asoCanyouimaginethat_____littleantscancarry______manybigworms?A.so;soB.such;suchC.such.soD.so;muchIt’salmostimpossiblefor____fewpeopletodo_____muchworkin_____ashorttime.A.so;so;asB.so;so;suchC.such;such;suchD.such;such;soWearrived_____latethatthattherewerenoseatsleft.A.muchB.tooC.soD.veryLucydoesn’tlikecottonblouse.Lilydoesn’t.______.A.eitherC.neitherHesaidhewouldcometoseeus______thenextafternoon.A.sometimeB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes---Havetheseworkersfinisheddoingtheirwork_____?---No.not______.;yetB.yet;yetC.yet;alreadyD.already;alreadyTomdidn’tknowanythingaboutthepaperbecausehe____gotanytimetoreaditatthattime.---Whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday?---Itwasterrible.Itrainedso____thatpeoplecould_____goout.hardly;hard;hardlyC.hard;hardlyD.hard;hard---Canyouunderstandme?---Sorry.Ican_____understandwhatyou’vesaid.B.easilyC.hardlyD.exactly---____doyouwritetoyourfriend?---Onceaweek.HowmanyB.HowoftenC.HowlongD.Howfar.---_____isitformourschooltoLugouBridge?---Abouthalfanhour’sbusride.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.HowmuchIdon’tthinkthisshirtfitsher.It’s____smallforher.tooB.verymuchC.toomuchD.somuchHeeats_____food.soheis_____fat.A.muchtoo;toomuch B.muchtoo;toomanyC.toomuch;muchtoo D.toomuch;manytoo方法清单方法一在具体语言环境中辨析副词的具体含义方法二正确使用副词的比较级方法三注意下列词不同含义方法一在具体语言环境中辨析副词的具体含义明确副词与形容词的区别及转换规律，在解答试题时要根据具体的语境辨析所给选项例题1TheInternetisveryusefulforus.Wecan______findinformation.easyB.easilyC.hardD.hardly解析句意：互联网对我们非常有用。我们可以容易地找到信息。空格处所需词是修饰动词find的，所以要用副词。A为形容词，被排除；B为“容易地”；C为“辛苦地”；D为“几乎不”，根据句意选择B。答案B例题2The______instructiononmedicinearenecessaryforthesick.Theyexplain______whetherthemedicineisoutofdate.clear;clearlyB.clearly;clearC.clearly;clearly解析句意：对于病人来说，关于药的清楚的说明是必要的。这些说明能够清楚地解释药物是否过期。本题考查形容词和副词辨析。Clear形容词，修饰名词；clearly是副词，修饰动词。答案AHow_____themusicwas!Heplayedthepiano______

A.wonderful;wonderfulB.wonderfully;wonderfullyC..wonderful;wonderfullyD.wonderfully;wonderfulMrsSmithhasacutebaby.Itoftensmilesatpeople____.A.friendlyB.lovelyD.livelySomeanimalscanevenseethings______inthepark.A.badB.badlyC.clearD.clearly方法二正确运用副词的比较级根据具体语境及题目中一些标志词判断是用副词的原级、比较级还是最高级，尤其注意副词原级与比较级修饰词的区别。例题1LiLeididquite____intheenglishcompetition.Idideven_____.better;wellB.good;better;better ;good解析此题考查的副词的原级和比较级。第一句“李雷在英语竞赛中表现得相当好”，用副词well修饰动词did（形容词good不能修饰动词）。第二句“我表现得更好”，用well的比较级better来修饰动词did。答案C例2——DidKatedobestinthefinalexam?——ofallthestudentsshedid______.themostcarefulB.morecarefulC.mostcarefully carefully解析句意：----Kate在期末考试中考的好吗？-----不是，可她在所有学生中做的最认真。本题考查副词最高级用法。从ofallthestudents可推知设空处用最高级，故排除B和D；又由设空前的did为实义动词，要用副词来修饰，故选C项。答案C注意=1\*GB3①very，quite，too修饰形容词、副词的原级。=2\*GB3②much，even，far修饰形容词副词的比较级，verymuch修饰动词。=3\*GB3③alittle.alot.abit.rather等可以修饰形容词、副词的原级或比较级，表示说明的程度。

The____youworkatyourlessons.the______resultsyouwillget.hard;good B.harder;good C.hard;better D.harder;betterWholistens_____.Tom.JackorBill?A.themostcarefullyB.morecarefully C.themostcareful D.morecareful---TheTVprogrammeisboring.Shallweplaychessinstead?---Allright.Thatis_____thanwatchingaboringprogramme.v