考研英语历年真题-英语阅读-2000-2011

2000全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题1

2001全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题6

2002全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题12

2003全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题17

2004全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题22

2005全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题27

2006全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题34

2007全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题40

2008全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题46

2009全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题52

2010全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题58

_2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题64

2000全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题

SectionIIIReadingComprehension

Directions:

Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswers

marked[A],[BJ,[C]and[D].Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthe

questions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthe

bracketswithapencil.(40points)

Text1

Ahistoryoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicap,but,ifproperlyhandled,itmay

becomeadrivingforce.WhentheUnitedStatesenteredjustsuchaglowingperiodaftertheendofthe

SecondWorldWar,ithadamarketeighttimeslargerthananycompetitor,givingitsindustries

unparalleledeconomiesofscale.Itsscientistsweretheworld'sbest,itsworkersthemostskilled.America

andAmericanswereprosperousbeyondthedreamsoftheEuropeansandAsianswhoseeconomiesthe

warhaddestroyed.

Itwasinevitablethatthisprimacyshouldhavenarrowedasothercountriesgrewricher.Justasinevitably,

theretreatfrompredominanceprovedpainful.Bythemid-1980sAmericanshadfoundthemselvesata

lossovertheirfadingindustrialcompetitiveness.SomehugeAmericanindustries,suchasconsumer

electronics,hadshrunkorvanishedinthefaceofforeigncompetition.By1987therewasonlyone

Americantelevisionmakerleft,Zenith.(Nowthereisnone:ZenithwasboughtbySouthKorea'sLG

ElectronicsinJuly.)Foreign-madecarsandtextilesweresweepingintothedomesticmarket.America's

machine-toolindustrywasontheropes.Forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductors,

whichAmericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage,wasgoingtobethenext

casualty.

Allofthiscausedacrisisofconfidence.Americansstoppedtakingprosperityforgranted.Theybeganto

believethattheirwayofdoingbusinesswasfailing,andthattheirincomeswouldthereforeshortlybegin

tofallaswell.Themid-1980sbroughtoneinquiryafteranotherintothecausesofAmerica'sindustrial

decline.Theirsometimessensationalfindingswerefilledwithwarningsaboutthegrowingcompetition

fromoverseas.

Howthingshavechanged!In1995theUnitedStatescanlookbackonfiveyearsofsolidgrowthwhile

Japanhasbeenstruggling.FewAmericansattributethissolelytosuchobviouscausesasadevalued

dollarortheturningofthebusinesscycle.Self-doubthasyieldedtoblindpride."Americanindustryhas

changeditsstructure,hasgoneonadiet,haslearnttobemorequick-witted,accordingtoRichard

Cavanagh,executivedeanofHarvard'sKennedySchoolofGovernment."Itmakesmeproudtobean

Americanjusttoseehowourbusinessesareimprovingtheirproductivity,saysStephenMooreofthe

___________________________________________2000全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题

CatoInstitute,athink-tankinWashington,DC.AndWilliamSahlmanoftheHarvardBusinessSchool

believesthatpeoplewilllookbackonthisperiodas“agoldenageofbusinessmanagementintheUnited

States.95

51.TheU.S.achieveditspredominanceafterWorldWarIIbecause.

[A]ithadmadepainstakingeffortstowardsthisgoal

[B]itsdomesticmarketwaseighttimeslargerthanbefore

[C]thewarhaddestroyedtheeconomiesofmostpotentialcompetitors

[D]theunparalleledsizeofitsworkforcehadgivenanimpetustoitseconomy

52.ThelossofU.S.predominanceintheworldeconomyinthe1980sismanifestedinthefactthatthe

American.

[A]TVindustryhadwithdrawntoitsdomesticmarket

[B]semiconductorindustryhadbeentakenoverbyforeignenterprises

[CJmachine-toolindustryhadcollapsedaftersuicidalactions

[D]autoindustryhadlostpartofitsdomesticmarket

53.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

[A]Itishumannaturetoshiftbetweenself-doubtandblindpride.

[B]Intensecompetitionmaycontributetoeconomicprogress.

[C]Therevivaloftheeconomydependsoninternationalcooperation.

[DJAlonghistoryofsuccessmaypavethewayforfurtherdevelopment.

54.TheauthorseemstobelievetherevivaloftheU.S.economyinthe1990scanbeattributedtothe

[A]turningofthebusinesscycle

[B]restructuringofindustry

fC]improvedbusinessmanagement

[DJsuccessineducation

Text2

Beingamanhasalwaysbeendangerous.Thereareabout105malesbornforevery100females,butthis

ratiodropstonearbalanceattheageofmaturity,andamong70-year-oldstherearetwiceasmanywomen

asmen.Butthegreatuniversalofmalemortalityisbeingchanged.Now,boybabiessurvivealmostas

wellasgirlsdo.Thismeansthat,forthefirsttime,therewillbeanexcessofboysinthosecrucialyears

whentheyaresearchingforamate.Moreimportant,anotherchancefornaturalselectionhasbeen

removed.Fiftyyearsago,thechanceofababy(particularlyaboybaby)survivingdependedonitsweight.

Akilogramtoolightortooheavymeantalmostcertaindeath.Todayitmakesalmostnodifference.Since

muchofthevariationisduetogenes,onemoreagentofevolutionhasgone.

Thereisanotherwaytocommitevolutionarysuicide:stayalive,buthavefewerchildren.Fewpeopleare

asfertileasinthepast.Exceptinsomereligiouscommunities,veryfewwomenhave15children.

Nowadaysthenumberofbirths,liketheageofdeath,hasbecomeaverage.Mostofushaveroughlythe

samenumberofoffspring.Again,differencesbetweenpeopleandtheopportunityfornaturalselectionto

takeadvantageofithavediminished.Indiashowswhatishappening.Thecountryofferswealthforafew

inthegreatcitiesandpovertyfortheremainingtribalpeoples.Thegrandmediocrityoftoday—everyone

beingthesameinsurvivalandnumberofoffspring--meansthatnaturalselectionhaslost80%ofits

powerinupper-middle-classIndiacomparedtothetribes.

Forus,thismeansthatevolutionisover;thebiologicalUtopiahasarrived.Strangely,ithasinvolvedlittle

physicalchange.Nootherspeciesfillssomanyplacesinnature.Butinthepass100,000years-eventhe

pass100years-ourliveshavebeentransformedbutourbodieshavenot.Wedidnotevolve,because

2000全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题_______________________________________

machinesandsocietydiditforus.Darwinhadaphrasetodescribethoseignorantofevolution:they

“lookatanorganicbeingasasavagelooksataship,asatsomethingwhollybeyondhiscomprehension.^^

Nodoubtwewillremembera20thcenturywayoflifebeyondcomprehensionforitsugliness.But

howeveramazedourdescendantsmaybeathowfarfromUtopiawewere,theywilllookjustlikeus.

55.Whatusedtobethedangerinbeingamanaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

[A]Alackofmates.

[B]Afiercecompetition.

[CJAlowersurvivalrate.

[DJAdefectivegene.

56.WhatdoestheexampleofIndiaillustrate?

[A]Wealthypeopletendtohavefewerchildrenthanpoorpeople.

[B]Naturalselectionhardlyworksamongtherichandthepoor.

[CJThemiddleclasspopulationis80%smallerthanthatofthetribes.

[DJIndiaisoneofthecountrieswithaveryhighbirthrate.

57.Theauthorarguesthatourbodieshavestoppedevolvingbecause.

[A]lifehasbeenimprovedbytechnologicaladvance

[B]thenumberoffemalebabieshasbeendeclining

[C]ourspecieshasreachedthehigheststageofevolution

[DJthedifferencebetweenwealthandpovertyisdisappearing

58.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

[A]SexRatioChangesinHumanEvolution

[B]WaysofContinuingMan'sEvolution

fC]TheEvolutionaryFutureofNature

[D]HumanEvolutionGoingNowhere

Text3

Whenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,itisadvisabletofindoutwhatitsadvocatesare

aimingat,for,howeverfarfetchedandunreasonabletheirprinciplesmayseemtoday,itispossiblethatin

yearstocometheymayberegardedasnormal.WithregardtoFuturistpoetry,however,thecaseisrather

difficult,forwhateverFuturistpoetrymaybe—evenadmittingthatthetheoryonwhichitisbasedmay

beright-itcanhardlybeclassedasLiterature.

This,inbrief,iswhattheFuturistsays;foracentury,pastconditionsoflifehavebeenconditionally

speedingup,tillnowweliveinaworldofnoiseandviolenceandspeed.Consequently,ourfeelings,

thoughtsandemotionshaveundergoneacorrespondingchange.Thisspeedingupoflife,saystheFuturist,

requiresanewformofexpression.Wemustspeedupourliteraturetoo,ifwewanttointerpretmodern

stress.Wemustpouroutalargestreamofessentialwords,unhamperedbystops,orqualifyingadjectives,

orfiniteverbs.Insteadofdescribingsoundswemustmakeupwordsthatimitatethem;wemustusemany

sizesoftypeanddifferentcoloredinksonthesamepage,andshortenorlengthenwordsatwill.

Certainlytheirdescriptionsofbattlesareconfused.Butitisalittleupsettingtoreadintheexplanatory

notesthatacertainlinedescribesafightbetweenaTurkishandaBulgarianofficeronabridgeoffwhich

theybothfallintotheriver—andthentofindthatthelineconsistsofthenoiseoftheirfallingandthe

weightsoftheofficers:"Pluff!Pluff!Ahundredandeighty-fivekilograms.”

This,thoughitfulfillsthelawsandrequirementsofFuturistpoetry,canhardlybeclassedasLiterature.

Allthesame,nothinkingmancanrefusetoaccepttheirfirstproposition:thatagreatchangeinour

emotionallifecallsfbrachangeofexpression.Thewholequestionisreallythis:haveweessentially

changed?

2(X)0全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题

59.Thispassageismainly.

[A]asurveyofnewapproachestoart

[B]areviewofFuturistpoetry

[C]aboutmeritsoftheFuturistmovement

[D]aboutlawsandrequirementsofliterature

60.Whenanovelliteraryideaappears,peopleshouldtryto.

[A]determineitspurposes

[B]ignoreitsflaws

[CJfollowthenewfashions

[D]accepttheprinciples

61.Futuristsclaimthatwemust.

[A]increasetheproductionofliterature

[BJusepoetrytorelievemodernstress

[CJdevelopnewmodesofexpression

[D]avoidusingadjectivesandverbs

62.TheauthorbelievesthatFuturistpoetryis.

[A]basedonreasonableprinciples

[B]newandacceptabletoordinarypeople

[C]indicativeofbasicchangeinhumannature

[D]moreofatransientphenomenonthanliterature

Text4

AimlessnesshashardlybeentypicalofthepostwarJapanwhoseproductivityandsocialharmonyarethe

envyoftheUnitedStatesandEurope.ButincreasinglytheJapaneseareseeingadeclineofthetraditional

work-moralvalues.Tenyearsagoyoungpeoplewerehardworkingandsawtheirjobsastheirprimary

reasonforbeing,butnowJapanhaslargelyfulfilleditseconomicneeds,andyoungpeopledon'tknow

wheretheyshouldgonext.

Thecomingofageofthepostwarbabyboomandanentryofwomenintothemale-dominatedjobmarket

havelimitedtheopportunitiesofteenagerswhoarealreadyquestioningtheheavypersonalsacrifices

involvedinclimbingJapan'srigidsocialladdertogoodschoolsandjobs.Inarecentsurvey,itwasfound

thatonly24.5percentofJapanesestudentswerefullysatisfiedwithschoollife,comparedwith67.2

percentofstudentsintheUnitedStates.Inaddition,farmoreJapaneseworkersexpresseddissatisfaction

withtheirjobsthandidtheircounterpartsinthe10othercountriessurveyed.

Whileoftenpraisedbyforeignersforitsemphasisonthebasics,Japaneseeducationtendstostresstest

takingandmechanicallearningovercreativityandself-expression."Thosethingsthatdonotshowupin

thetestscores-personality,ability,courageorhumanity-arecompletelyignored,saysToshikiKaifu,

chairmanoftherulingLiberalDemocraticParty'seducationcommittee."Frustrationagainstthiskindof

thingleadskidstodropoutandrunwild.^^LastyearJapanexperienced2,125incidentsofschoolviolence,

including929assaultsonteachers.Amidtheoutcry,manyconservativeleadersareseekingareturntothe

prewaremphasisonmoraleducation.LastyearMitsuoSetoyama,whowastheneducationminister,

raisedeyebrowswhenhearguedthatliberalreformsintroducedbytheAmericanoccupationauthorities

afterWorldWarIIhadweakenedthe"Japanesemoralityofrespectforparents.”

ButthatmayhavemoretodowithJapaneselife-styles.<4InJapan,sayseducatorYokoMuro,"it'snever

aquestionofwhetheryouenjoyyourjobandyourlife,butonlyhowmuchyoucanendure.^^With

economicgrowthhascomecentralization;fully76percentofJapan's119millioncitizensliveincities

wherecommunityandtheextendedfamilyhavebeenabandonedinfavorofisolated,two-generation

2000全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题

households.UrbanJapanesehavelongenduredlengthycommutes(travelstoandfromwork)and

crowdedlivingconditions,butastheoldgroupandfamilyvaluesweaken,thediscomfortisbeginningto

tell.Inthepastdecade,theJapanesedivorcerate,whilestillwellbelowthatoftheUnitedStates,has

increasedbymorethan50percent,andsuicideshaveincreasedbynearlyone-quarter.

63.IntheWesterner\eyes9thepostwarJapanwas.

[A]underaimlessdevelopment

[B]apositiveexample

[CJarivaltotheWest

[DJonthedecline

64.Accordingtotheauthor,whatmaychieflyberesponsibleforthemoraldeclineofJapanesesociety?

[A]Women'sparticipationinsocialactivitiesislimited.

[B]Moreworkersaredissatisfiedwiththeirjobs.

[CJExcessiveemphasishasbeenplacedonthebasics.

[D]Thelife-stylehasbeeninfluencedbyWesternvalues.

65.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheauthor?

[A]Japaneseeducationispraisedforhelpingtheyoungclimbthesocialladder.

[B]Japaneseeducationischaracterizedbymechanicallearningaswellascreativity.

[C]Morestressshouldbeplacedonthecultivationofcreativity.

[DJDroppingoutleadstofrustrationagainsttesttaking.

66.ThechangeinJapaneselife-styleisrevealedinthefactthat.

[A]theyoungarelesstolerantofdiscomfortsinlife

[B]thedivorcerateinJapanexceedsthatintheU.S.

[C]theJapaneseenduremorethaneverbefore

fD]theJapaneseappreciatetheirpresentlife

Text5

Ifambitionistobewellregarded,therewardsofambition—wealth,distinction,controloverone's

destiny-mustbedeemedworthyofthesacrificesmadeonambition'sbehalf.Ifthetraditionofambition

istohavevitality,itmustbewidelyshared;anditespeciallymustbehighlyregardedbypeoplewhoare

themselvesadmired,theeducatednotleastamongthem.Inanoddway,however,itistheeducatedwho

haveclaimedtohavegivenuponambitionasanideal.Whatisoddisthattheyhaveperhapsmost

benefitedfromambition-ifnotalwaystheirownthenthatoftheirparentsandgrandparents.Thereis

heavynoteofhypocrisyinthis,acaseofclosingthebarndoorafterthehorseshaveescaped—withthe

educatedthemselvesridingonthem.

Certainlypeopledonotseemlessinterestedinsuccessanditssignsnowthanformerly.Summerhomes,

Europeantravel,BMWs—thelocations,placenamesandnamebrandsmaychange,butsuchitemsdo

notseemlessindemandtodaythanadecadeortwoyearsago.Whathashappenedisthatpeoplecannot

confessfullytotheirdreams,aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould,lesttheybethoughtpushing,

acquisitiveandvulgar.Instead,wearetreatedtofinehypocriticalspectacles,whichnowmorethanever

seeminamplesupply:thecriticofAmericanmaterialismwithaSouthamptonsummerhome;the

publisherofradicalbookswhotakeshismealsinthree-starrestaurants;thejournalistadvocating

participatorydemocracyinallphasesoflife,whoseownchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools.Forsuch

peopleandmanymoreperhapsnotsoexceptional,theproperformulationis,“Succeedatallcostsbut

avoidappearingambitious.^^

Theattacksonambitionaremanyandcomefromvariousangles;itspublicdefendersarefewand

unimpressive,wheretheyarenotextremelyunattractive.Asaresult,thesupportforambitionasahealthy

2001全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题

impulse,aqualitytobeadmiredandfixedinthemindoftheyoung,isprobablylowerthanithasever

beenintheUnitedStates.Thisdoesnotmeanthatambitionisatanend,thatpeoplenolongerfeelits

stirringsandpromptings,butonlythat,nolongeropenlyhonored,itislessopenlyprofessed.

Consequencesfollowfromthis,ofcourse,someofwhicharethatambitionisdrivenunderground,or

madesly.Such,then,isthewaythingsstand:ontheleftangrycritics,ontherightstupidsupporters,and

inthemiddle,asusual,themajorityofearnestpeopletryingtogetoninlife.

67.Itisgenerallybelievedthatambitionmaybewellregardedif,

[A]itsreturnswellcompensateforthesacrifices

[B]itisrewardedwithmoney,fameandpower

[C]itsgoalsarespiritualratherthanmaterial

[D]itissharedbytherichandthefamous

68.Thelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthatitis.

[A]customaryoftheeducatedtodiscardambitioninwords

[BJtoolatetocheckambitiononceithasbeenletout

[CJdishonesttodenyambitionafterthefulfillmentofthegoal

[D]impracticalfortheeducatedtoenjoybenefitsfromambition

69.Somepeopledonotopenlyadmittheyhaveambitionbecause.

[A]theythinkofitasimmoral

[B]theirpursuitsarenotfameorwealth

[C]ambitionisnotcloselyrelatedtomaterialbenefits

[DJtheydonotwanttoappeargreedyandcontemptible

70.Fromthelastparagraphtheconclusioncanbedrawnthatambitionshouldbemaintained

[A]secretlyandvigorously

[B]openlyandenthusiastically

[CJeasilyandmomentarily

[DJverballyandspiritually

SectionIII:ReadingComprehension(40points)

51.[C]52.[D]53.[B]54.[A]55.[C]56.[B]57.[A]58.[D]59.[B]60.[A]61.[C]62.[D]63.[B]64.[D]

65.[C]

66.[A]67.[A]68.[C]69.[D]70.[B]

2001全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题

SectionIIIReadingComprehension

Directions:

Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswers

marked[A],[BJ,[C]and[D].Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthe

questions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthe

bracketswithapencil.(40points)

Text1

Specializationcanbeseenasaresponsetotheproblemofanincreasingaccumulationofscientific

knowledge.Bysplittingupthesubjectmatterintosmallerunits,onemancouldcontinuetohandlethe

informationanduseitasthebasisforfurtherresearch.Butspecializationwasonlyoneofaseriesof

relateddevelopmentsinscienceaffectingtheprocessofcommunication.Anotherwasthegrowing

2(X)1全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题

professional!sationofscientificactivity.

Noclear-cutdistinctioncanbedrawnbetweenprofessionalsandamateursinscience:exceptionscanbe

foundtoanyrule.Nevertheless,theword“amateur“doescarryaconnotationthatthepersonconcernedis

notfullyintegratedintothescientificcommunityand,inparticular,maynotfullyshareitsvalues.The

growthofspecializationinthenineteenthcentury,withitsconsequentrequirementofalonger,more

complextraining,impliedgreaterproblemsforamateurparticipationinscience.Thetrendwasnaturally

mostobviousinthoseareasofsciencebasedespeciallyonamathematicalorlaboratorytraining,andcan

beillustratedintermsofthedevelopmentofgeologyintheUnitedKingdom.

AcomparisonofBritishgeologicalpublicationsoverthelastcenturyandahalfrevealsnotsimplyan

increasingemphasisontheprimacyofresearch,butalsoachangingdefinitionofwhatconstitutesan

acceptableresearchpaper.Thus,inthenineteenthcentury,localgeologicalstudiesrepresented

worthwhileresearchintheirownright;but,inthetwentiethcentury,localstudieshaveincreasingly

becomeacceptabletoprofessionalsonlyiftheyincorporate,andreflecton,thewidergeologicalpicture.

Amateurs,ontheotherhand,havecontinuedtopursuelocalstudiesintheoldway.Theoverallresulthas

beentomakeentrancetoprofessionalgeologicaljournalsharderforamateurs,aresultthathasbeen

reinforcedbythewidespreadintroductionofrefereeing,firstbynationaljournalsinthenineteenth

centuryandthenbyseverallocalgeologicaljournalsinthetwentiethcentury.Asalogicalconsequenceof

thisdevelopment,separatejournalshavenowappearedaimedmainlytowardseitherprofessionalor

amateurreadership.Arathersimilarprocessofdifferentiationhasledtoprofessionalgeologistscoming

togethernationallywithinoneortwospecificsocieties,whereastheamateurshavetendedeitherto

remaininlocalsocietiesortocometogethernationallyinadifferentway.

AlthoughtheprocessofprofessionalisationandspecializationwasalreadywellunderwayinBritish

geologyduringthenineteenthcentury,itsfullconsequenceswerethusdelayeduntilthetwentiethcentury.

Insciencegenerally,however,thenineteenthcenturymustbereckonedasthecrucialperiodforthis

changeinthestructureofscience.

51.Thegrowthofspecializationinthe19thcenturymightbemoreclearlyseeninsciencessuchas

[A]sociologyandchemistry

[B]physicsandpsychology

[C]sociologyandpsychology

[D]physicsandchemistry

52.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.

[A]thereislittledistinctionbetweenspecializationandprofessionalisation

[B]amateurscancompetewithprofessionalsinsomeareasofscience

[C]professionalstendtowelcomeamateursintothescientificcommunity

[D]amateurshavenationalacademicsocietiesbutnolocalones

53.Theauthorwritesofthedevelopmentofgeologytodemonstrate.

[A]theprocessofspecializationandprofessionalisation

[B]thehardshipofamateursinscientificstudy

[C]thechangeofpoliciesinscientificpublications

[DJthediscriminationofprofessionalsagainstamateurs

54.Thedirectreasonforspecializationis.

[A]thedevelopmentincommunication

[B]thegrowthofprofessionalisation

[CJtheexpansionofscientificknowledge

2001全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题

[DJthesplittingupofacademicsocieties

Text2

Agreatdealofattentionisbeingpaidtodaytotheso-calleddigitaldivide—thedivisionoftheworldinto

theinfb(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthatdividedoesexisttoday.MywifeandIlectured

aboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwaslessvisiblethen,however,werethenew,positive

forcesthatworkagainstthedigitaldivide.Therearereasonstobeoptimistic.

Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.AstheInternetbecomesmoreand

morecommercialized,itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalizeaccess—afterall,themorepeople

online,themorepotentialcustomersthereare.Moreandmoregovernments,afraidtheircountrieswillbe

leftbehind,wanttospreadInternetaccess.Withinthenextdecadeortwo,onetotwobillionpeopleon

theplanetwillbenettedtogether.Asaresult,Inowbelievethedigitaldividewillnarrowratherthan

widenintheyearsahead.AndthatisverygoodnewsbecausetheInternetmaywellbethemostpowerful

toolforcombatingworldpovertythatwe'veeverhad.

Ofcourse,theuseoftheInternetisn'ttheonlywaytodefeatpoverty.AndtheInternetisnottheonlytool

wehave.Butithasenormouspotential.

Totakeadvantageofthistool,someimpoverishedcountrieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdated

anti-colonialprejudiceswithrespecttoforeigninvestment.Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentis

aninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure(thebasicstructural

foundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialinfrastructure,it

didn'thavethecapitaltodoso.AndthatiswhyAmerica'sSecondWaveinfrastructure—includingroads,

harbors,highways,portsandsoon—werebuiltwithforeigninvestment.TheEnglish,theGermans,the

DutchandtheFrenchwereinvestinginBritain'sformercolony.Theyfinancedthem.Immigrant

Americansbuiltthem.Guesswhoownsthemnow?TheAmericans.Ibelievethesamethingwouldbe

trueinplaceslikeBraziloranywhereelseforthatmatter.Themoreforeigncapitalyouhavehelpingyou

buildyourThirdWaveinfrastructure,whichtodayisanelectronicinfrastructure,thebetteroffyou're

goingtobe.Thatdoesn'tmeanlyingdownandbecomingfooled,orlettingforeigncorporationsrun

uncontrolled.Butitdoesmeanrecognizinghowimportanttheycanbeinbuildingtheenergyandtelecom

infrastructuresneededtotakefulladvantageoftheInternet.

55.Digitaldivideissomething.

[A]gettingworsebecauseoftheInternet

[B]therichcountriesareresponsiblefbr

[C]theworldmustguardagainst

[DJconsideredpositivetoday

56.GovernmentsattachimportancetotheInternetbecauseit.

[A]offerseconomicpotentials

[B]canbringforeignfunds

[C]cansoonwipeoutworldpoverty

[D]connectspeopleallovertheworld

57.ThewritermentionedthecaseoftheUnitedStatestojustifythepolicyof.

[A]providingfinancialsupportoverseas

[B]preventingforeigncapitaFscontrol

[C]buildingindustrialinfrastructure

[D]acceptingforeigninvestment

58.Itseemsthatnowacountry'seconomydependsmuchon.

[A]howwell-developeditiselectronically

2001全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题_______________________________________

[B]whetheritisprejudicedagainstimmigrants

[C]whetheritadoptsAmerica'sindustrialpattern

[DJhowmuchcontrolithasoverforeigncorporations

Text3

WhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyof

NewspaperEditorsistryingtoanswerthispainfulquestion.Theorganizationisdeepintoalong

self-analysisknownasthejournalismcredibilityproject.

Sadtosay,thisprojecthast