高考总复习英语（北师大版）Unit14Careers（必修五）

/18/18/Unit14Careers求职信假如你是李华，最近你从报纸上看到一家涉外酒店招聘暑期兼职工的广告，请你根据下列要点提示写一封应聘信。1．李华，女，18岁，身体健康；2.擅长英语，口语流利；3.性格外向，交际能力强。注意：1.词数100左右；2.书信格式已经给出，不计入总词数；3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearSirorMadam，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHuaDearSirorMadam，Iamwritinginresponsetoyouradvertisementinthenewspaper.MynameisLiHuaandIam18yearsold.①IthinkIwillbefitforthejobasawaitressinyourhotelthissummervacation.Myadvantagesareasfollows：Firstly，Iamhealthyandstrong.Icanworkforlonghoursinsummer.Secondly，myEnglishisexcellent.②IcanspeakEnglishfluentlyandhavenodifficultycommunicatingwithforeigners.Finally，Iamoutgoingandgoodatcommunicatingwithothers.Asaresult，Iampopularamongmyclassmatesandteachers.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgivemethechancetoworkinyourhotel.I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，LiHua根据①句临摹临摹1：他认为作为自愿者他非常胜任这项工作。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.根据②句临摹临摹2：他发现解决那个问题非常困难。Hefoundthathehadmanydifficulties__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.答案：1.Hethoughthewasfitforthejobasavolunteer.2．insolvingthatproblemⅠ.核心单词识记(一)写作单词识记1．reward(n.)奖赏2．charge(vt.)收费，要价(n.)负责3．aid(n.)援助，帮助4．consult_(vt.)请教；查阅5．quarrel(vi.)争吵，吵架6．grasp(vt.)理解，领会；抓牢，抓紧7．decrease(v.&n.)减少，降低8．envy(vt.&n.)羡慕9．bother(vt.)烦扰；打扰10．panic(v.)恐慌，惊惶11．commit(vt.)投入(二)阅读单词识记1．judgementn．判断，判断力2．casualadj.随意的，非正式的3．guidancen．指导4．comprehensionn．理解5．appointmentn．约见，约会6．moraln．品德；品行7．datan．资料，数据(三)核心单词拓展1．comfort(n.)&(vt.)(使)安逸，舒适→comfortable(adj.)安慰的，舒适的2．distinguish(vt.)区别，辨别；表现突出→distinguishable(adj.)易分辨出的，区分得开的→distinguished(adj.)着名的，卓越的3．instant(n.)片刻，瞬息(adj.)瞬间的，立即的，紧急的→instantly(adv.)即刻地，马上地→instance_(n.)例子；事例；情况4．surrounding(adj.)附近的，周围的→surround(v.)包围，围绕→surroundings(n.)环境5．inspect(vt.)审查→inspection(n.)检查，视察→inspector(n.)检查员，视察员6．illegal(adj.)不合法的，违法的→legal(adj.)合法的7．glory(n.)荣耀的事，值得骄傲的事→glorious(adj.)光荣的，荣耀的8．hesitate(v.)犹豫，踌躇→hesitation(n.)犹豫，踌躇9．operate(v.)(vi.运转，动作；vt.操作)→operation(n.)操作，手术→operator(n.)操作员；接线员10．respond(vi.)回复，回答；反应；承担责任→response(n.)回复，响应，反应，回答→responsible(adj.)有责任的，负责的→responsibly(adv.)负责地→responsibility(n.)责任，职责，义务Ⅱ.核心短语背诵1．takechargeof 接管，控制2．makeup 编造3．makeout 假称；听出，看出4．gointodetail(s) 讨论，细谈5．speakup 大声地说，自由而大胆地说出6．situp 坐直7．believein 信任，信仰8．turnover 反转9．payoff 得到好结果；取得成功；还清(债务)10．keepupwith 跟上，赶上11．incase 以防万一；万一12．dueto 由于13．inaddition 此外14．leavebehind 留下来，将……落在后面15．standout 最出色，比……好得多Ⅲ.经典句式精练1．Theinstantshestoppedaskingquestions(她一停止提问题)，Igotupandwentoutoftheroom.(theinstant引导时间状语从句)2．Thatiswhen(那就是……的时候)Irealisedtheimportanceofbeingajournalist.(when引导表语从句)3．Ifindit(发现是)arealbattlebeingonmyfeetallthetimelikethat.(findit＋宾语补足语＋宾语)4．Therearealsomanyotherimportantchangestakingplace(发生)．(therebe＋名词＋动词－ing形式)5．It’snotaboutmakingmenmorelikewomen，but(不是……而是……)helpingmentocommunicateaswell.(not...but...不是……而是……)6．WhateverIdo(无论我做什么)，itwillbewithmusic.(whatever引导让步状语从句)7．Workwithmorethanoneprogramincase(万一)youhavetousethematwork，andtrytoreadaboutnewtechnology.(incase引导条件状语从句)8．Peoplewillmovearoundtododifferentjobs，ratherthan(而不是)movingupinthecompanyasbefore.(ratherthan而不是)Ⅳ.课文语法填空根据课文内容用适当的词填空，使短文完整。Thispassagegivesthereadersapersonalitytest，through1.whichthereaderscanlearnmoreabouttheircharacteristicsandfindarightjobforthemselves.Itmainlyshowsyouhow2.tofind(find)therightjobforyourself.Ifoneofyourfriendsasksforyourhelp3.onhowtowriteaplotsummaryforabookreport，youcouldgiveheramodelparagraph，someadviceandtellhersome4.useful(use)names.Ifnames.Ifyourbossasksyourteamtogiveaidtootherpeople，youmaytelleveryoneinyourteamtodocertainjobs，andtryyourbesttoset5.anexampleforthem.Butifsomethinghappens，youfirsttakechargeofthesituation，6.keep(keep)calmduringyourjourneyandtrytogetsomehelptocalmothers7.down.Inaword,8.whateverhappensinyourlife，youmustmake9.yourself(your)keepcalmfirstthentrytomakeaquickandcorrectdecision，andatthesametime，trytogetotherpeopletoaidyour10.decision(decide)．[联想微空间]1.英语中的合成词①editor－in－chief总编辑②sitting－room起居室；客厅③handwriting书法④get－together集会，聚会⑤broadcast广播2.make短语荟萃①makeup弥补，和解，编造，整理②makeinto制成，做成③makeout填写，辨别，理解④makesure弄明白，设法确保⑤makesense讲得通，有意义3.get＋done常见短语①getstuck卡住；深陷②getbroken破碎③getdrunk喝醉④getmarried结婚⑤getpaid领到工资rewardn．奖赏，回报vt.奖赏；给以报酬[教材原句]Theoldladyisofferingarewardof$50toanyonewhofindshercatforher!这位老妇人愿意给帮她找到猫的人50美元的报酬！考点必记(1)givesb.arewardfor(doing)sth.为……给某人报酬或奖赏inreward作为报酬，作为回报(2)rewardsb.withsth.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事用某物奖励某人单句语法填空①Hereceivedamedalinrewardforhisbravery.＝Hewasrewardedwithamedalforhisbravery.他因表现勇敢而获得了一枚奖章。②Hewasgivenarewardforpassingtheexamination.他因考试及格而获得奖品。③Agoodbookdoesrewardyoufortryingtoreadit.一本书确实会因为你努力阅读而使你受益。④(2016·四川卷)Ourownexperienceworkingtogetheronhealth，development，andenergythelasttwentyyearshasbeenoneofthemostrewarding(reward)partsofourlives.在过去的20年，我们一块从事人类健康发展和体能的研究，这些亲身经历使我们受益匪浅。[易混辨析]reward，award名词动词reward报酬、奖金或一些非金钱类的报酬多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏，常用搭配：rewardsb.for(doing)sth.award奖品，奖金，与prize用法相似意为“授予，颁发”，常用搭配：awardsb.sth.＝awardsth.tosb.⑤LiPingwasrewardedforsavingaboyandshewasawardedamedalattheconference.李萍因救了一名男孩而受到了奖励，而且她还在大会上获了奖。[写作佳句]Theyrewardedthewinnerswithgiftsoffruitsandflowerswhenthematchended.比赛结束后，他们奖给优胜者一些水果和鲜花。chargevt.收费，要价；充电；指控n.负责；费用[高考佳句](2017·江苏卷)Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20，halfofwhatitusedtocharge.我们选择这家旅馆是因为价格低至每晚20美元，是原来收费的一半。考点必记(1)inchargeof主管……，掌管/管理……in/underthechargeofsb.在某人掌管之下，由某人负责takechargeof管理，负责(2)chargesb.moneyforsth.向某人索取……的费用freeofcharge＝forfree免费(3)chargesb.with...指控某人……单句语法填空①Thetrafficpolicemanchargedthedriverwithspeeding.交警指控那个司机超速驾驶。②I’llbeinchargeofthewholefactorywhenMr.Blackisaway.＝ThewholefactorywillbeinthechargeofmewhenMr.Blackisaway.布莱克先生不在时，由我负责整个工厂。③Theshavercanbecharged(charge)andusedwhiletravelling.这个刮胡刀可以充电，当旅行的时候可以用。④Shechargedme$24forthebook.这本书他向我要价24美元。⑤Wecandelivergoodstoyourdoorfreeofcharge.我们可以免费送货上门。[写作佳句](2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Admissionisatnormalchargesandyoudon’tneedtobook.入场费是正常收费，你没有必要预定。consultvt.请教，查阅[高考佳句](2017·天津卷)Iconsultedwithaphysician(内科医生)，Ihiredafitnesscoach，andIbegantoeatsmallandhealthymeals.我咨询了一位内科医生，我雇用了一位健身教练，我开始吃少而健康的饭。考点必记(1)consultsb.aboutsth.向某人请教/咨询某事consultwithsb.aboutsth.与某人商量某事consultadictionary/map查字典/地图(2)consultantn．[C]顾问(1)完成句子①Wewillconsulttogetherwithadvisorsabouthereducation.我们将一起和专家商议她的教育事宜。②Whenindoubtaboutthemeaningofaword，consultadictionary.当拿不准词义时，查查词典。③Beforewecanacceptthefirm’sofferwemustconsultwiththeworkers.我们与工人们商量后才能接受公司的条件。(2)用consult，referto，lookup的正确形式填空④Consultyourdoctorabouthowmuchexerciseyoushouldattempt.⑤Consult/RefertothechartonPage44forthecorrectcookingtimes.⑥WhenIcomeacrosssomethingunknown，Iwilllookitupinareferencebook.[形象识记][写作佳句]InordertoimprovehisEnglishquickly，heoftengoestomyofficetoconsultmeaboutthemethodoflearningEnglish.为了快速提高英语，他经常去我的办公室向我咨询关于学习英语的方法。commitvt.投入；使承诺；做不好的事[教材原句]IdiscoveredthenthataslongasIamcommittedandnevergiveupIwillbeabletoproducehighqualityreports.那时我发现，只要我坚持不懈，决不放弃，就能写出高质量的报道。考点必记(1)commitsb.to(doing)sth.使某人承诺(做)某事commitoneselfto(doing)sth.答应(做)某事commitsuicide/acrime/amurder自杀/犯罪/谋杀(2)commitmentn．[C][U]承诺；保证；[C]承担义务(3)committedadj.忠诚的，尽职的单句语法填空①Thecontractcommitshimtoplaying(play)fortheteamforthenextthreeyears.合约规定以后3年他要为该队效力。②Thelocalgovernmenthascommitted(commit)largeamountsofmoneytohousingprojects.当地政府已在住宅项目上投入了大量资金。③IfeltIdidnothavetomakesuchacommitment(commit)tothem.我觉得我没有必要对他们作出那样的承诺。④Thegovernmentcommitteditself(it)toreducingtaxes.政府答应减税。[写作佳句]Thepoorwomanmadeacommitmentthatshewouldlookaftertheorphanforever.这个贫穷的妇女承诺她将永远照顾这个孤儿。hesitatev．犹豫，踌躇，不愿意，有顾虑[有道词典]Ididn’thesitateforamomentabouttakingthejob.我毫不犹豫地接受了那份工作。考点必记hesitatetodosth.不愿意做某事，对做某事有顾虑hesitateabout(doing)sth.对(做)某事犹豫不决havenohesitationindoingsth.毫不犹豫做某事withouthesitation毫不犹豫地单句语法填空①Intheeventofdifficulties，pleasedonothesitatetocontact(contact)ourCustomerServiceDepartment.如果遇到困难，请尽管和我们的客户服务部联系。②Ihesitateabouttaking(take)hissideuntilIknowthewholestory.我在知道整件事以前犹豫是否支持他。③Wehavenohesitationinaccepting(accept)yourmostgenerousoffer.我们毫不犹豫地接受你最慷慨的捐赠。④Seeingthegirlstrugglinginthelake，hethrewhimselfintheicywaterwithouthesitation，andsavedherfromdrowning.看到女孩在湖里挣扎，他毫不犹豫地跳进冰冷的水里，把她救了出来。[写作佳句]Youaremybestfriend.Ihopeyoudon’thesitatetotellmeifyouhaveanytrouble.你是我最好的朋友，我希望如果你有困难的话会毫不犹豫地告诉我。decreasevi.&n．减少，降低[高考佳句](2017·江苏卷)WhileSpainasawholeisheatingupquickly，temperaturesnearthegreenhouseshavedecreased.尽管从整体上来说西班牙的气温在迅速上升，但是，温室附近的气温已经下降了。考点必记(1)decreasein...在……(方面)降低/减少decreaseto/by...减少到/减少了……decreasefrom...to...从……减少/降低到……(2)adecreasein在……(方面)减少onthedecrease/increase正在减少/增加单句语法填空①AftertheconflictresolutionprogramwasstartedinAtlanta，itwasfoundthattherewasadecreaseinclassroomviolence.冲突解决程序在亚特兰大开始运行后，(人们)发现教室暴力有了下降。②Inourschoolthenumberofstudentswhoareaddictedtocomputergamesisonthedecrease.在我们学校迷恋网络游戏的学生数目正在下降。③Thenumberofteachingstaffmembersinthisschoolhasdecreasedto700persons.这个学校的教职工人数已减少到700人。④Bytheendofthestudy，thatpercentagehaddecreasedbyhalf，to45percent.[名师指津]像decreaseto/by...表示“减少到/减少了……”类似用法的动词还有：increase，reduce，decline，drop等。operatevi.运转，运作；做手术，起作用vt.操作；经营[有道词典]Thegoalistounderstandhowindividualsandorganizationsoperateinthiscondition.目的是了解个人和组织在这种环境下如何运转。(1)写出下列句中operate的含义①Thedoctordecidedtooperateatonce.动手术②Themedicinewilloperateintenminutes.起作用③Youoperatethemechanismbywindingthishandle.操作④Theyoperatethreefactoriesandahugewarehouse.经营(2)单句语法填空⑤Bigenergyprojectscostbillionstobuildandremaininoperationfordecades.大型能源项目需要花费几十亿资金修建，但运营数十年。⑥It’stimethatwe(should)putourplanintooperation.现在我们该执行我们的计划了。(3)单句改错⑦HavingseentheX－ray，thedoctordecidedtooperatethepatient.在operate后加on/upon[形象识记][名师指津]operate可单独使用，用主动形式表示被动意义，这时其后常跟副词well，properly等。respondvi.反应；回复，回答[高考佳句](2017·天津卷)Respondquicklyandbriefly，apologisingforyourmistake.迅速而简短地做出回应，为你的错误道歉。考点必记(1)respondto回答……，对……作出反应respondthat回应称(2)responsen．回答；反应；响应makea/noresponseto...对……(没有)给予回答inresponseto作为对……的反应单句语法填空①Thefamousfilmstarmadenoresponse(respond)tothequestionsaskedbyreporters.那位知名影星没有对记者的提问给予回答。②(2014·辽宁卷)Receivingatextdoesnotmeanyouneedtorespondtoit.接收到一个信息并不意味着你需要回复。③Inresponsetotheaudience’sgreatdemand，theplaywill/wouldbeputoninthetheatretwiceaweek.应观众的强烈要求，这部戏每周将会在这个剧院上演两次。[写作佳句]Inresponsetotheirhospitality，wewroteathank－younoteafterwereturned.为回报他们的热情款待，回来后我们写了一封感谢信。makeup占，形成，构成；编造，虚构；组成；和解，和好；化妆，化装；弥补(for)[高考佳句](2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Asaresult，peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.因此，人们将吃更多的食物尽量弥补所失去的东西。考点必记makeupfor弥补，补偿makeupone’smind下定决心makeout(费力)理解；假装；辨认出；看清楚makeit取得成功；准时到达；做到了bemadeupof由……组成(1)写出下列句中makeup的含义①Ittookhermorethananhourtomakeherselfup.打扮②(2016·江苏卷)SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNi?o，reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.弥补③Theyquarreledtheotherdaybuttheymadeupsoon.和解④Don’tmakeupanyexcuseforyourbeinglateagain.编造，虚构⑤Farmworkersmakeuponlyasmallsectionofthepopulation.占，构成⑥Leavethisnoticehangingonyourdoor，askingtheservanttomakeupyourroom.整理(2)完成句子⑦Theflightleavesintwentyminutes—We’llnevermakeit.再过二十分钟飞机就要起飞了，咱们无论如何也赶不上了。⑧IcouldhearvoicesbutIcouldn’tmakeoutwhattheyaresaying.我能听到说话的声音，却听不清他们在说什么。[写作佳句]Thankstoyourencouragement，Imadecontinuousprogressinmath，andfinallymadeupmymindtostudyitintheuniversity.多亏你的鼓励，在数学方面，我不断取得进步并最终决定在大学里学数学。[名师指津]bemadeupof表示“由……组成/构成”，其同义短语还有：consistof，becomposedof等。payoff得到好结果，取得成功；还清[教材原句]Thispaidoffbecauseshewonanawardforthereport.这些努力得到了回报，因为她那篇报道获了奖。考点必记payback偿还，归还；报答；回报；报复payfor付……的钱，受……的报应payup(把应支付的钱)缴清，付清(1)写出下列句中payoff的含义①Itwouldtakehimtherestofhislifetopayoffthatloan.偿清，还清②Sandrawasdeterminedtobecomeadoctorandherpersistencepaidoff.得到好的结果③Thebosspaidofftheemployees.(付清工资后)解雇④Didyourdaringplanpayoff？取得成功(2)单句语法填空⑤Unlessyoupayup，they’llcutoffyourgassupply.你要再不支付拖欠的煤气费，他们就要停止你的煤气供应。⑥Inthebubbleyears，lendingstandardsslippeddramatically，allowingmanypeopletoputfartoomuchoftheirincomeintopayingfortheirhousing.在经济泡沫年代，借贷的标准大幅度下滑，这使很多人将自己的大部分收入用来买房。[写作佳句]Ifyoudon’tworknow，you’llpayforitlaterwhenyoufailyourexams.你现在不好好学，到考试不及格时就得为此而付出代价。[名师指津]payoff“当(努力、辛苦)取得好结果，得到回报”讲时，为不及物动词短语，在句中用主动语态。keepupwith跟上，赶上；不落后[有道词典]Johnhastostudyhardtokeepupwithhisclassmates.约翰得努力学习才能跟上他的同学们。考点必记keepitup保持优秀成绩；继续干下去keepup保持keepback忍住；隐瞒keepdown抵制；控制keepoff不接近，让开；不让……接近，挡开keepsth.inmind把某事记在心里keepaneyeon留神注意；照看用keep的相关短语填空①Theylitafiretokeepoffwildanimals.②Neitherofthemistellingthewholetruth.Obviously，theykeepsomethingback.③Evenwell－establishedcompaniescanscarcelykeepupwithdemand.④Youcanusefarmchemicalstokeepdowntheweeds.[写作佳句]Yourhealthisapartofyourlife，keepupwithit.健康是你生活的一部分，保持健康。incase万一；以防万一[有道词典]Itoldthemwhateachwastodoincaseofanemergency.我告诉他们在紧急情况下各自要做的事。考点必记incaseof假如，以防inthatcase那样的话inanycase无论如何，不管怎样innocase决不，在任何情况下都不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装)完成句子①Wehavetogopastyourhouseinanycase，sowe’lltakeyouhome.不管怎样，我们都要经过你家，所以我们会送你回去。②Takeanumbrellawithyouincaseitrains.＝Takeanumbrellawithyouincaseofrain.＝Itmayrain；takeanumbrellaincase.带把伞以防下雨。③Innocaseshouldthepatientbeallowedtogetupuntilhehasrecoveredfromhisillness.病人要痊愈才能起床。[写作佳句]Innocaseshallweallowsmokingintheclassroom.我们绝对不允许在教室里吸烟。[名师指津]incase后跟状语从句，并且从句用一般现在时表示将来，有时可用“should＋动词原形”。而incaseof后跟名词，不跟从句。quarrelvi.&n.争吵，吵架单句语法填空①Hehadaquarrelwithhisgirlfriendyesterday，sohewasinabadmoodalldaylong.②Hequarreledwithhisbestfriendabout/overtheissueyesterday，buttheyhavemadeuptoday.appointmentn．约会；任命(1)单句语法填空①ThePrimeMinisterhasappointedacivilianasthedefenceminister.②(2017·天津卷)—IwanttoseeMr.White.Wehaveanappointment(appoint)．—I’msorry，butheisnotavailableatthemoment，forthemeetinghasn’tended.③Ourdoctorsareseenbyappointmentonly.④Iknowthemanappointed_(appoint)totakechargeofthehotel.(2)同义句改写⑤HewasappointedascaptainofthebasketballteamandledtheplayerstothenextsessionoftheOlympicGames.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)Appointedascaptainofthebasketballteam，heledtheplayerstothenextsessionofOlympicGames.surroundingadj.周围的，附近的(1)用surround的正确形式填空①Thesurroundingvillageshavebeenabsorbedbythegrowingcity.②(2017·江苏卷)Determiningwhereweareinrelationtooursurroundings(surrounding)remainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.③Hetriedtorunawaybutgaveupwhenhefoundhimselfsurrounded.(2)同义句改写④TheSwisscanfeelsecurebecausetheyaresurroundedbyEurope.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写)SurroundedbyEurope，theSwisscanfeelsecure.existencen．生活；存在(1)用exist的正确形式填空①Thereexistsagoodwaytosolvetheexistingproblemingeography.②DoyouknowwhentheMarriageLawcameintoexistence?(2)短语填空existin，existon，inexistence③Hecouldhardlyexistonsuchalowwage.④Somesubstancesunknownareinexistencenaturally.⑤Thissuggeststhatthe“sixthsense”doesexistinhumansbutwemightnotbeawareofit.envyvt.&n．羡慕，忌妒单句语法填空①Helookedwithenvyathisneighbour’snewcar.②Herbeautyistheenvyofallherfriends.③YouhavenoideahowIenvyyourtalent.④Hecouldn’thidehisenvyat/ofhisbrother’ssuccess.panic(panicked，panicked)n.&v．恐慌，惊慌单句语法填空①I’minapanicaboutgettingeverythingdoneintime.②Shoppersarepanickedintobuyingthingstheydon’tneed.③Thecrowdranoutinpanic.④Shegotintoarealpanicwhenshethoughtshe’dlosttheticket.turnover反转；翻身，翻转；移交；翻过(书页)短语填空turnover，turnto，turnin①Facedwithallthedifficulties，thegirlturnedtohermotherforcomfort.②Youshouldturninyourpaperinthreedays.③Hedidn’tfallasleep，turningoverinbedfromtimetotime.dueto因为，由于(作表语或状语)(1)单句语法填空①(2017·江苏卷)Thelossofglaciers(冰川)thereduetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.②Respectisduetoolderpeople.(2)单句改错③Themeetingisn’tduetostartinguntilfour.starting→start④Hisabsenceduetothestorm.due前加wasTheinstantshestoppedaskingquestions，Igotupandwentoutoftheroom.她一停止问问题，我就站起来，走出了房间。[句式点拨]theinstant为从属连词，引导状语从句，意思是“一……就……”(＝assoonas)。考点必记表示“一……就……”的其他方式：(1)themoment/minute/second...(名词短语用作连词引导状语从句)(2)instantly/immediately/directly...(副词用作连词引导状语从句)(3)hardly/scarcely...when.../nosooner...than...(主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时)；hardly/scarcely/nosooner(位于句首时，主句用部分倒装)(4)on/upon＋doing；on＋sth.单句语法填空/完成句子①Ifell