初中英语宾语从句讲解

时间：二O二一年七月二十九日宾语从句之邯郸勺丸创作一、时间：二O二一年七月二十九日二、定义:宾语从句是在复合句中起宾语作用的从句.依据指引词的不合,宾语从句又可分为：以附属连词that指引的宾语从句、已附属连词whether或if指引的宾语从句、以连结代词或连结副词指引的宾语从句.1、that指引的宾语从句由that指引的宾语从句大多由陈说句充任.附属连词that无实质意义,不在从句中作任何成分,此时从句的成分齐备,句意明确,在口语和非正式文体中that能够省略.I’mextremelysorrythatIhavelostyourbook.We’reallpleasedthatwehaveonceagainovercomethedifficulty.Doyouthink(that)itwillrain?Weknow(that)weshouldstudyhard.2、whether或if指引的宾语从句Whether/if指引的从句可视为直接引语为一般疑问句转变为间接引语而成,其语序由本来的倒装语序酿成陈说语序,从句前加上时间：二O二一年七月二十九日时间：二O二一年七月二十九日连词whether或if.可用whether/if的状况往常whether/if指引动词后的宾语从句时可通用.Idon’tknowwhether/ifhe’llarriveintime.Iamwonderingwhether/iftheywouldbelieveinme.Iaskedhimwhether/ifhehadfinishedallhishomework.(2)只好用whether,不克不及用if的状况A、指引介词的宾语从句时I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgoshopping.I’mnotinterestedinwhethershe’llbeinvited.B、与ornot直接连用时Ican’tsaywhetherornothewillcomeontime.Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcometohelpus.Iwonderwhetherornotweshouldmakeitclearthatwe’velostthisgame.C、宾语从句提早时WhethertheywilljoinintheWinterCampIdon’tcare.时间：二O二一年七月二十九日时间：二O二一年七月二十九日3、连结代词指引的宾语从句宾语从句可由连结代词what,who,whom,whose,which等指引,它们在宾语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语等,所以不克不及省略.DoyouknowwhowillteachusEnglishterm?(作主语）Didyouhearwhatshesaid?（作宾语）Idon’tknowwhosethefootballis.（作表语）Couldyoutellmewhichbookisbetter?(作定语）4、连结副词指引的宾语从句宾语从句可由连结副词when,where,how,why及“how+形容词/副词”短语等指引,它们在宾语从句中作状语等,不可省略.Wedidn’tknowwhenyouusuallygotoschool.Iwanttoknowwhereheboughtthiscup.CanyoutellmehowIgettothebusstation?Pleaseexplainwhyyouwerelateforclassagain.“How+形容词/副词”短语主要有howold,howmany,howmuch,howlong,howoften,howfar,howsoon等.Doyouknowhowoldyourfatheristhisyear?时间：二O二一年七月二十九日时间：二O二一年七月二十九日二、要点考点1、宾语从句的语序不论宾语从句是附属连词仍是连结代词或连结副词指引

,指引词老是位于从句句首,从句用陈说语序.Iamwonderingifyoucouldhelpme.Heaskedmewhenweshouldstartoutthenextday.Didyoufindoutwhereshelosthercar?2、宾语从句的时态宾语从句谓语动词的时态常常遇到主句谓语动词的影响使用时要注意主从句两部分的时态,一般依据以下原则：

,因此在（1）主句为此刻时态或未来时态时主句假如是此刻时或未来时,从句可用任何所需要的时态,不受主句时态的限制和影响.Iknowyoudon’tknowwhatithinkatall.Iknowhedidn’ttellyouthathewouldcomethen.I’llletyouknowwhetherI’llcomeornotdirectlyIcheckmyplan.2）主句为过去时态时时间：二O二一年七月二十九日时间：二O二一年七月二十九日主句假如是过去时态,从句一般要用与过去时态有关的时态.Ionlyknewhewasstudyinginawesterncountry,butIdidn’tknowwhichcountryhewasin.HeaskedmeifIwasreadingthenovelTheOldManandtheSeawhenhecamein.HetoldmethathehadtoldMaryaboutthemeetingalready.Thereporteraskedifthegovernmentwouldtakenecessarymeasurestoputdowntheto-do.特别提示:从句若示意客不雅事实或真谛,谓语用一般此刻时.Mymothertoldmethatafriendinneedisafriendindeed.3、宾语从句的否定转移主句谓语是示意“想,以为”等意义的动词,如think,believe,imagine,suppose,expect,guess等,从句的否定一般要转移到主句中.其反意疑问句一般与宾语从句一致,且用一定形式.Idon’tthinkthey’llwaittothelastminute.Ididn’tbelievethatwashisfault,wasit?三、宾语从句的注意事项时间：二O二一年七月二十九日时间：二O二一年七月二十九日不克不及省略that的状况在that指引的宾语从句中,连词that只起指引作用,不在句中担当任何成分.所以在口语或非正式问题中常可省略,但在以下状况不克不及省略：1、当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,prove,feel等动词的宾语时IhavelearnedthatmostofthestudentswhoareinterestedinChinesetakeinterestinEnglish.2、当宾语从句较长时Weallthinkthatwhatthepublicisbadlyinneedofisnothingbutthedevelopmentofeconomy.3、当主句的状语置于动词与宾语从句之间时IrealizedatoncethatIhaddoneitwrongwhenshetoldmeallaboutthis.4、当宾语从句中的状语或状语从句置于该从句句首时.Hetoldusthat,ifwecouldallcometohelpout,thewholesituationwouldbegettingbetter.5、当动词与宾语从句之间有拔出语时时间：二O二一年七月二十九日时间：二O二一年七月二十九日WhenMarxgottoEngland,hefound,however,thathisEnglishwassolimitedthathecouldn’tgoonwithhiscommonaffairs.6、当动词带有多个并列宾语从句时,除第一个that外,其余不可省ThentheteacherbegantotalktousabouttheFrenchlanguage,saying(that)itwasthemostbeautifultongueintheworld,andthatwemustkeepitamongusandneverforgetit.7、当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或被this,that修饰时SomepeoplethinkthatthispartofScotlandwithitslakesandmountainsismorebeautifulthantheWestofEngland.Theteachersaidthatthatwordwaswrong.8、当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或从句时However,manypeoplesimplycouldn’tbelievethatwhathehadwrittenwastrue.9、当主句中的谓语动词是固定词组时OnceAristotlehadmadeuphismindthatheavyobjectsalwaysfallfasterthatlightobjects.10、当宾语从句被形式宾语it取代时时间：二O二一年七月二十九日时间：二O二一年七月二十九日Wallconsideritimportantthatchildrenshouldtakeplentyofmilkastheygrow.11、expect后接的宾语从句不克不及省去thatHisarticleisverygoodexpectthatthereareonlyafewunfitsentences.12、在直接引语中,引述部分把主句与宾语从句分开时“I’mextremelysorrytotellyou,”themansaid,”thatyoumissedthelasttrainonceagain.”四、讲堂小练1、___whatdidh