高考复习英语构词法课件

英语构词法3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供英语构词法主要有三种：

转化、合成与派生。

英语构词法种类另外还有截短、缩合等。3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供1.转化

:是指有一种词类转化为另一种词类。

watern.水------watervt.浇水常见的转化形式两种：动词---名词名词---动词3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供

名词----动词

handn.手---vt.上交seatn.座位---vt.坐nursen.护士---vt.护理oiln.油---vt.上油timen.时间---vt.定时，测时shouldern.肩膀---vt.肩负3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供minen.矿山---vt.开矿barbecuen.烧烤---vt.在烤架上烤shipn.船---vt.用船装运financen.金融---vt.

为……提供资金stainn.污点,污迹---vt.玷污，污染draftn.草稿---vt.起草headn.头---v.前进transportn.运输---vt.运输3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供副词---动词downadv.向下---v.放下副词---名词nowhereadv.任何地方都不---n.无处，无名的地方3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供2.合成

:有两个或更多的词合成一个词。class班级+room房间=classroom教室warm+heart+ed=warmhearted热心肠的good+looking=good-looking相貌好看的3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供hard+working=hard-working勤劳的peace-lovingstate-ownedwell-knownready-madesightseeingbloodthirsty

3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供3.派生

:是通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词。happy---unhappydevelop---development3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供后缀一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变化。carev.照料---carefuladj.细心的workv.工作---workern.工人3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供常见的前缀3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供(A)表示否定的前缀：

un-unfair,unhappy

non-nonsmoker(常用在n.adj.adv.前)

in-inactive,inhuman,indirect(常用在adj.后)

dis-disagree,disappear

im-impolite,impossible(用在b,p,m开头的词前)

il-illegal

ir-irreal,irregular3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供(D).表示程度、大小的前缀super-superstar,supermarket,superman,superpowerover-overhead,overeat,overusemini-minibus,miniskirt,mini-carunder-underground,under-developsemi-(半，部分)semicircle,semiskilled,semi-steel3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供(E).表示时间的前缀

pre-prewar

post-postwar

fore-(前，预先)foretell,forecast,foresee,weatherforecast3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供(F).表示方位的前缀：

sub-subway,submarine

inter-international,intercity,interclass

trans-(横过，通过，超越，进入)translate,transatlantic3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供1.动词变名词：-ationsatisfaction,education,realization-mentdevelopment,movement,disappointment3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供-alarrival,refusal-eetrainee,employee-erteacher,worker-or

visitor,sailor3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供2.形容词变名词-nesshappiness,meanness,carelessness-ityability,possibility-ismMarxism,criticism3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供3.名词、形容词变动词：-ifybeautify,simplify-izerealize-enquicken,widen,sharpen3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供但也有一些带后缀的派生词仅仅改变词义：Kingdom:“职位、状态”freedomBoyhood:“身份，资格”childhoodFriendship:情态\状态\性质\身份\职业\技巧\技能”leadership,hardshipSpoonful：构成名词mouthful(满口,一口),handful(一把)3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供1.Theheadmasterhurriedtotheconcerthallonly_________thespeaker_________.

A.tofind；left

B.tofind；gone

C.finding；left

D.finding；gone3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供1.Thepeasantdied,leaving

hiswifeandhisthreechildrenintheworld2.Hewokeupthenextmorning,only

tofind

himselfinthehospital.3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供find+宾语+宾补findthedooropen(adj.)findhimsittingbythe

window(-ing)findthewallpainted(P.P)findhimselfinthe

hospital(prep.phrase)

3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供2.—Ifailedagain.IwishI__harder.

—Butyou__.

A.hadworked；hadn’t

B.worked；don’t

C.hadworked；didn’t

D.worked；didn’t3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供wishIwishyousuccess.Iwishyoutohelpme.Givemybestwishesto…IwishI

were

abird.IwishI

couldhelp

you.IwishI

hadattended

theballyesterday.3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供3.—Whynotgooutforawalkbeforebreakfast?

—Oh，yes.___ismyfavoritetimeofday.

A.Intheearlymorning

B.Earlymorning

C.Theearlyofmorning

D.Theearlymorningthat3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供ItwasearlymorningwhenIgothome.Itwas

intheearlymorningthatIgothome.Wasitintheearlymorningthatyougothome?Whenwasitthatyougothome?3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供4.Itwasnotuntilliberationthat___tohishometown.

A.didhereturn

B.washereturned

C.hedidreturn

D.hereturned3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供当被强调的是not...until句型时,应将not置于until之前,主句由否定句改为肯定句。当被强调的是not...until句型时,应将not置于until之前,主句由否定句改为肯定句ItisIwho/thatamgoingtobesenttheretohelpthem

当被强调的是not...until句型时,应将not置于until之前,主句由否定句改为肯定句。Itwasnotuntil1920thatregularradiobroadcastbegan.3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供Itwasherthattoldmeaboutit.Itwasshethattoldmeaboutit.ItisIwhotheteacherhaspunishedItismewhomtheteacherhaspunished.3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供强调句Itis/was+…that…Itishethat/whowantstogoinsteadofyou.Itwas2:00whentheyleft.Itwas

at2:00thattheyleft.Itwasbecausehewaslatethathewasscolded.Itwasinthestreetthathewasknockeddown.3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供5.—I’dlikeapenwhich_____well.

—Willthisone_________?

A.writes；do

B.writes；work

C.iswritten；do

D.iswritten；work3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供6.—Canyoufinishthewritingontime?

—_________.

A.Nevermind

B.Withpleasure

C.Noproblem

D.Allright3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供7.—When_________wemeetagain?

—_________itanytimeyoulike.

A.will；Do

B.will；Make

C.shall；Do

D.shall；Make3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供8.Look!Therearelotsof_________birdsflyingoverthetrees.

A.funnyredlittle

B.funnylittlered

C.littlefunnyred

D.littleredfunny3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供好美小高状其新，颜色国料特别亲。good/beautiful/small(little)/tall/round(interesting)/newred/nationality/wood/3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供9.Theycouldn’teatinarestaurantbecause_________ofthemhad_________moneyonthem.

A.all；no

B.any；no

C.none；any

D.noone；any3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供10.—Shallwemeetrightnow?

—Sorry.I’mtoobusyto_________forthemoment.

A.getthrough

B.getaway

C.getoff

D.gettogether3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供getaway（1)逃脱

(2)开始，出发；离开；出去旅行或休假

(3)使离去；移走；送走Getoff(1)下去，下来；下（公共汽车、火车、飞机等），下（马等）

(2)出发，离去；起飞；起跑

(3)寄出；发出

(4)脱掉；除去，摆脱

(5)免受伤害、灾祸或损失

(6)学会，记熟Gettogether(1)收集，积聚

(2)聚集在一处，会集；召集，集拢Getthrough(1)通过；使通过

(2)打通（尤指电话）3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供11._________isknowntoall，goodfriends_________happinessandvaluetolife.

A.It；add

B.As；add

C.It；addup

D.As；addto3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供

addup总计，总共

addto增加add…to加……到Thatwillonlyaddtoourdifficulties.

那只会增加我们的困难。Addup6,7and8andyou'llget21.

把六、七、八相加，总数是二十一。3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供12.Mr.Greenleft_________suddenly_________hecame.

A.so；that

B.so；as

C.as；that

D.as；as3/10/2023该课件由【语文公社】友情提供13.Goodfood，not_________，that’showonegetsfat.

A.enoughexercises

B.exer