马鞍山市2022年高三第一次教学质量监测

马鞍山市2022年高三第一次教学质量监测第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shelostherway.B.Shecouldn'topenthedoor.C.Shehadherapartmentbrokeninto.2.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Openthewindow.B.Letthemanin.C.Cleantheroom.3.Wheredidthemanspendhisweekend?A.InLondon.B.Athissister's.C.Athishome.4.Whatdidthewomanlose?A.Herbag.B.Herphone.C.Nothing.5.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inamuseum.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inatravelagency.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whendidthemanposttheparcel?A.The12thofJune.B.The14thofJune.C.The28thofJune.7.Whatwasintheparcel?A.Abirthdayinvitation.B.Acake.C.Chocolatebars.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatarethespeakerstryingtodo?A.Geteasyaccesstotown.B.Chooseahousetolivein.C.Findaplacetodoshopping.9.WhydoesthewomanpreferNo.4CandyStreet?A.Itisclosertotown.B.Thereisalargegarden.C、Fourisherluckynumber.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题.10.Whatcanthemandoatthefestival?A.Discusswiththepainters.B.ActinaplayC.Enjoysomepaintings11.Whendoesthelocalexhibitionstart?A.At10a.m.onSaturday.B.At10a.m.onSunday.C.At2p.m.onSunday.12.Whereistheinternationalexhibitiontobeheld?A.InBuilding3.B.InBuilding5.C.InBuilding6.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Teammanagement.B.Workingenvironment.C.Jobstress.14.Whatisacauseoftheproblem?A.Jobtraining.B.Companycondition.C.Relaxationtime.15.Howdoesthemansolvetheproblem?A.Bychanginghischaracter.B.Bygoingtoanotherfirm.C.Bybalancingworkandplay.16.Whatdoesthemanexpectthebosstodo?A.Reduceworkinghours.B.Increaseemployees’pay.C.Learnfromothercompanies.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whobuilttheworld'sfirstspacehotel?A.AUScompany.B.NASA.C.TwoworkersI8.Howmanytimeswillguestsseesunrisesandsunsetseveryday?About12.B.About16.C.About24.19.Whatcanguestsdointhespacehotel?A.Cookfood.B.Buyasouvenir.C.Haveavideochat.20.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofthespacetrip?A.Expensive.B.Dangerous.C.Boring.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheChildren'sClimatePrize(CCP)hasbeengiveneveryyearsince2016toapersonbetweentheagesof12and17whohasmade“extraordinaryefforts”toimprovelifeontheplanetforchildrennowandinthefuture.Herearesomeofthefinaliststhisyear.YashNarayanYashNarayan,17,from

California

,theUScreateda

smartphoneappcalledDeepWaste.Yashrealizedthatalotofwastecouldbeavoidedifpeoplehadasimplesystemfordecidingwhatcouldberecycled,andwhatwastrulygarbage.Userswhodownloadtheappcanusetheirphone'scameratoquicklyfindoutthebestwaytogetridofsomething.FernandaBarrosSixteen-year-oldFernandaBarrosisfromPará,Brazil,whereshehelpedstartthegroupFridaysForFutureAmazonia(FFFA).Brazil'sAmazonrainforest

isseriously

threatened.FFFAisworkingtoprotectthe

rainforest.LeseinMutunkeiLeseinMutunkei,a17-year-oldfromNairobi,KenyastartedaprojectcalledTreesForGoals(T4G).It

encourages

soccerteamstoplantIItreesforeverygoalscored(oneforeachplayer).Already,over1,500treeshavebeenplanted,andLeseinisworkingtospreadtheideafurther.HewouldreallyliketogetthesoccergroupFIFAtobacktheidea.AnjaliSharmaSeventeen-year-oldAnjailShamafromMelbourne,AustraliatookAustralia'sEnvironment

Ministertocourtinanattempttostopacoalminefrombeingexpanded.Thecaseresultedinthecourtsayingthatthe

government

hada“dutyofcare”toprotectyoungpeople.Ithasinspiredotherstousethecourtstoforceactionontheclimatecrisis.21.Whodevelopedamobile

application

?A.YashNarayan.B.FernandaBarros.C.LeseinMutunkei.D.AnjaliSharma.22.WhatisLeseinMutunkeitryingtodo?A.Setupasoccerteam.B.Expandacoalmine.C.ProtecttheAmazon

rainforest

.D.Get

supportersforhisproject.23.Whatdothefourstudentshaveincommon?A.Theyareofthesameage.B.Theycareaboutourplanet.C.Theyareemployedbythe

government

.D.TheyhavewontheChildren’sClimatePrize.B“Anyoneknowsingleparentswhocan'taffordtogettheirchild'shairdoneforschool?Iwillbraid(编辫子)itforfree!”BrittanyStarkswroteonaFacebookpost.Shedecidedtoofferherhairbraidingservicesafterafamilyfrienddeliveredbackpacksfullofschool.supplies,clothingandshoesforCaydenandCeniyahinearlyAugust.Atthetime,“Tdidn'thaveanythingformykidstostartschool,”saidStarks,whoisinbetweenhomesandstayingwithhermother“Itmeantsomuchtome.”The

unexpectedgiftmadeabig

differencetoStarksandherchildren,anditmotivatedhertopayitforward.Starks,whoworkstwo

receptionistjobs,alsobraidshairpart-time.“Thehair-braidingprocessinvolveswashing,blow-drying,andfinallydividingthehairintosmallsectionsandbraidingit.Italsorequiresmultiplesupplies—includingcombs,brushes,hairjamand

additionalpiecesofhairtoweavein.Itcostsanywherefrom$150to$400atasalon(美发厅),dependingonthestyle,”Stacksexplained.“Butitcanlastformonthsandisahugetimesaverinthemornings.”WhenshewrotetheFacebookpost,sheassumedonlyahandfulofpeoplewouldreachout,butbeforesheknewit,shehad35

appointmentsbooked.HerFacebookinboxwassuddenlyfullofmessagesfromsingleparents,whosestoriesofhardshipandfinancial

challenges

mirroredherown.“There'sahugeneedforthis.Icouldreallyrelatetoalotofthewomenwhoreachedout,anditmademerealizethatwhatIwasdoingwasreallyimportant,”saidStacks.“Whatgotmethemostwasseeingthekidssmile.”Giventhattherewaslessthantwoweeksbeforethestartofschool.Starksknewsheneededtoenlisthelp.24.WhatgotBrittanyStarkstoofferherhairbraidingservice?A.ApostonFacebook.B.Herfriend’stimelyhelp.C.Hermother'sadvice.D.Atriptoherkids'school.25.WhatdoesStarkssayabouthairbraiding?A.It'sabitdear.B.It'stime-wasting.C.It'saneasyjob.D.It'samother'sduty.26.HowdoesStarksfeelabouttheresponsetoherFacebookpost?A.Ratherdisturbing.B.Beyond

expectation

.C.Farfrom

satisfactory.D.Very

disappointing

.27.WhatcanweinferaboutBrittanyStarksfromthetext?A.Sheissinglewithonechild.B.Sheisambitiousandarbitrary.C.Sheisinneedofhelpinghands.D.Sheisfreefromfinancialworries.CMangroves(红树)typicallygrowinsaltwateralongcoasts.Butsomemangroveslivein

freshwater

alongtheSanPedroMártirRiverofMexico'sYucatánPeninsula.That'snearly200

kilometers

fromthesea.Scientists

wantedtoknowhowthesemangrovesgottrappedsofarinland.CarlosBurelowasamongthem.Hebecamecuriousaboutthesemangrovesonachildhoodfishingtrip.therewithhisdad35yearsago.Burelosawthattherootsofthemangrovesgrewaboveground.Thiswasdifferentfromtheothertrees,andit

interestedhimsomuch.Today,BureloworksatUniversidad

JuárezAutónomadeTabasco,Mexico.Thisbiologistispartofateamthatwentontodiscoverwherethosemangrovescamefrom.Burelo'steamfirstcollectedleavesfromthesemangroves.The

scientists

thencomparedtheirDNAtothoseofleavesfromcoastalmangroves.ThecoastaltreesweregrowingalongtheCaribbeanSeaandGulfofMexico.TheDNAhelpedfindtheoriginsofthemangrovesontheSanPedroMarirRiver.TheyhadstartedalongtheGulfofMexico,some170

kilometersawayfromtheriver.Therivermangroves'DNAandtheiragesalsocontainedcluesaboutwhentheyseparatedfromtheircoastalrelatives.Theteamshareditsfindingsinthe

Proceedings

oftheNationalAcademyofSciencesonOctober12-Morethan100,000yearsago,theworldwaswarmerandSealevelshigher.Infact,sealevelsreachedabout9metersabovetoday'slevels.Asaresult,landonwhatisnowtheYucatánPeninsulaflooded.Thatallowedcoastalmangrovestomoveinland.Whentheworldcooledagain,themangroveswerestuckforfromthecoast.“The

remarkable

resilience

ofthesetreesisstriking,”saysBurelo.“Althoughtheynormallyliveinseawater,they'vesurvivedallthistimeinland.Thatis

incredible.”Thisdiscovery

highlights

howchangestothepastclimatehaveaffectedtheworld'scoastlines.Italsooffersachancetobetter

understand

howfuturesealevelrisemayaffecttheseecosystems

.28.WhatattractedBurelo'sattentiononthechildhoodfishingtrip?A.Atypicalkindoftree.B.Atraponthecoast.C.Afishingnetintheriver.D.Ateamof

biologists

.29.WhydidBurelo'steamstudytheleavesofthemangroves?A.Topredictpossibleclimatechanges.B.Tofindthe

substances

theyarerichin.C.Toseparatethemfromtheircoastalrelatives.D.Toget

scientific

evidenceforthetree'sorigin.30.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Wheretheteamcarriedouttheirresearch.B.WhatoncedestroyedtheYucatánPeninsula.C.Whenthesealevelbecamehigherthantoday's.D.Howthesea-lovingtreeendedupfarfromthecoast.31.Whatdoesthe

underlined

word“

resilience

”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Growingperiod.B.Economicvalue.C.Adaptiveability.D.

Ecological

function.DAstudyhasfoundthatwhenpeopleburnextracaloriesbyworkingout,thebodystartsto

compensatebyreducingtheamountofenergyspentonfunctionstostayalive,suchassleepingordigestion.Aboutaquarterofthecaloriesburntduringaworkoutarethenbudgetedforlateron,meaningthatoverallthetotalnumberofcaloriesburntislessthanexpected.For

overweight

people,itisestimatedthatabouthalfofcaloriesburntduringperiodsofhigheractivitywerelatercompensatedfor.Researchers

attheUniversity

of

Roehampton

foundthatthecaloriesthebodyburnstokeeptickingoverdecreaseby28percentduringperiodswhendailyexerciselevelsareconsistently

high.Thismeansthemoreweexerciseoverthelong-term,thelesscaloriesourbodiesbumforthemost

rudimentary

(基本的)

activities.Theresultsshowthatonly54percentofthecaloriesusedbyexerciseoractivityamongpeoplewhohavethehighestbodymassactuallytranslatedintocaloriesburntattheendoftheday,duetotheirbodiesreducingtheenergyspentonthemostbasicoffunctions.Incontrast,70percentofcaloriesburntduringactivitybythosewiththelowestbodymass

translated

intomorecaloriesburntattheendoftheday.ProfessorLewisHalsey,ofthe

department

oflifesciences,said:“Aroundtheworld,national

guidelinestendtorecommenda500-600caloriedeficit(热量赤字)through

exercising

anddietingtoloseweight.However,theydonottakeintoaccountthereductionofcaloriesbeingburntinthemostbasicofhumanfunctionsasthebody

compensates

forthecaloriesburntontheexerciseasshowninourresearch,andthevariationinthiscompensationbetweenpeoplewithdifferentlevelsofbodyfat.”Inthisstudytheyfoundnodifferences

betweenmenandwomenintheenergylostduringactivity.Butsincetheresearchshows

overweight

peoplewhoexerciseburnsignificantlyfewercaloriesonday-to-dayfunctions,thereisaneedforgreater

personalisation

ofexerciseplansdependinguponbodymass.32.Whyarecaloriesburntbyexerciselessthanexpectedaccordingtothestudy?A.Timespentonexerciseislimited.B.Exerciselevelsarenothighenough.C.Peopletendtoovereatafterexercise.D.Theyare

compensated

forbythebody.33.Howdoesthewriterdevelopparagraph2?A.Byanalyzingcauses.B.Byraisingexamples.C.Byprovidingstatistics.D.Byexplaining

concepts.34.WhatdoesLewisHalseythinkofthepresentnational

guidelines

onlosingweight?A.Theyareworth

recommending.B.Theyaresupposedtoberevised.C.Theyneglectgenderdifferences.D.Theytakebodymassintoaccount.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.OverweightExercisers

BurnFewerCaloriesB.WaystoKeepFitby

Exercising

andDietingC.SleepingandDigestionFunctiontoStayAliveD.Personalized

ExercisePlansonLosingWeight第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beingcleveratmanagingmoneydoesnot

necessarilymeanalargebankaccountorgettinginvolvedinahigh-risk

investment.Butnomatterwhatyourcurrentsituationis,youcanbemore

financiallysmartinyoureverydaylife._36_Lookatyourmonthlyincome._37_Toachievethis,youshouldstartbycalculatingyourtotalmonthlyincomeandcreateahouseholdbudget.Thenyoucanstaywithinyourearningseachmonth.Setupaseparatesavingsaccount.Exactlyhowmuchyousavewilldependuponyourjob,yourpersonalexpenses,andyour

individual

financialgoals.Therefore,tosavesomethingeachmonth,youwillfinditnecessarytoopenasavingsaccount_38Gradually,thefastgrowingsavingswill

definitely

makeyourbudgetmorecomfortable.Payoffdebts.Youfirstneedtoworkoutyourtotaldebtnumbersandhowlongitwill

realistically

taketopayoff.Ifyouhavehigh-interestdebtslikecreditcards,

prioritize

payingitoff.Ifyouhaveashort-termloan,alsopaythatdown,asquicklyaspossible._39_40_Youshould

prioritizeyourneeds.Donotpayanymoneytowardnon-essentialexpensesuntilallofyournecessarylivingcostshavebeenpaid.Besides,takingtimetoshoparoundcanhelpyoufindthebestdeals.Shoppingonlineandout-of-seasonisalsoparticularlyusefulforthebestpricesforyourneeds.A.Makebetterspendingdecisions.B.Buyout-of-seasonthingsfordiscounts.C.Whenyouhavesomeadditional

income,putitthere.D.Several

approaches

canhelpyougetasenseoffinancialsecurity.E.Makingmoneycanbeeasierwhenyouknowwhatyouaresavingfor.F.Suchloanscanbecomeveryexpensiveifnotpaidoffinfullandontime.G.Youshouldhaveyouroverallmonthlyspendingnot

overextendwhatyoubringin.第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inmy“DaretoConnect”workshop,I

instructedallmystudentsto

participatefull-outintheirjobsforoneentireweek.Iaskedthemto“actasif”their_41_reallymadeadifference

toeveryonearoundthem.Thekey_42_theyshouldbearinmindwas:IfIwerereallyimportanthere,whatwouldIbedoing?Peggy_43theassignment

atthebeginning.Shehatedherjob.Eachdaywassufferingasshewatchedtheclock_44_movethrougheightpainfulhours.Withgreat

skepticism,she_45_agedtotryitforjustoneweek—to_46_100percenttoherjob,“asif”shereally_47__Thefollowingweek,asIwatchedPeggywalkintotheroom,Icouldn'tbelievethe_48_inherenergylevel.With_49_inhervoice,shereported:“First,Istoppedcomplainingaboutthejobandstartedtousesomeplantsandpostersto_50_theoffice.IthenstartedtoreallypayattentiontothepeopleI_51with.Ifsomeoneseemed_52_.IaskediftherewasanythingwrongandifIcouldhelp.Everyday,ImadealistofthingsIwantedto_53_Iwasreally_54_byhowmuchIcoulddoinadaywhenI_55_whatIwasdoing!Iputasignwiththatquestiononmydesk.AndeverytimeIstartedtofallbackintomy_56_patternsofboredomandcomplaining,the_57_remindedmewhatIwassupposedtobedoing.Thatreally_58_.”Whatadifferenceasimplequestionmadeinjustoneshort_59_!ItmadePeggyfeel_60_toeveryoneandeverythingaroundher.Shealsolearnedawaytotransformanyworkexperience.A.actionsB.observationsC.inventionsD.applications42.A.planB.questionC.wordD.information43.A.appreciatedB.completedC.resistedD.announced44.A.swiftlyB.carefullyC.pleasantlyD.slowly45.A.previouslyB.finallyC.frequentlyD.instantly46.A.replyB.referC.objectD.commit47.A.quittedB.promisedC.fearedD.counted48.A.differenceB.dropC.testD.absence49.A.anxietyB.cautionC.excitementD.hate50.A.lockdownB.cleanupC.teardownD.brightenup51.A.danceB.partC.travelD.work52.A.unhappyB.amusedC.unfamiliarD.innocent53.A.mentionB.abandonC.accomplishD.postpone54.A.surprisedB.alarmedC.embarrassedD.depressed55.A.reliedonB.focusedonC.congratulatedonD.investedon56.A.activeB.currentC.initialD.healthy57.A.posterB.signC.clockD.plant58.A.rangB.stoppedC.helpedD.hurt59.A.hourB.weekC.monthD.term60.A.connectedB.sensitiveC.limitedD.strange第Ⅱ卷第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheUnitedStateswastesnearly40milliontonsoffoodeveryyear,which_61_(be)about30-40percentoftheentireUSfoodsupply.