公职律师制度问题探究,法学硕士论文

公职律师制度问题探究,法学硕士论文本篇论文目录导航：【第1部分】公职律师制度问题探究【第2部分】【第3部分】【第4部分】【第5部分】【第6部分】【第7部分】【第8部分】内容摘要自1997年的十五大提出实行依法治国以来，人民群众要求依法行政的呼声越来越高。随着我们国家经济社会的不断发展，各级在行政管理中牵涉的法律问题也越来越多，因此需要全方位、全经过的法律服务。鉴于此，司法部于2002年10月下发了(关于开展公职律师试点工作意见〕。多年来，我们国家在部分地区幵展了公职律师制度的试点工作，并获得了初步的成效，但同时也存在众多问题。为此，笔者拟对公职律师制度这一问题进行初步研究，以期对我们国家公职律师制度的发展和完善有所裨益。本文除引言和结束语外，共分为五个部分。各部分的内容内容摘要如下：第一部分，公职律师制度的内涵界定。公职律师是指具有律师资格，供职于行政机关或依法履行社会公共管理、服务职能的事业单位或者法律援助机构，经司法行政机关核准获得公职律师执业证，专门从事本机关、单位法律事务的公职人员。我们国家的公职律师。有公职性、身份的双重性、服务的无偿性和监督与管理的多重性等特点。公职律师制度，则是指国家法律规定的有关公职律师的性质、任务、权利和义务、管理体制、组织和活动原则，以及怎样为所在机关、单位提供法律服务的法律规范的总称。第二部分，域外律师制度的考察与启示。在域外，美国、新加坡、新西兰、澳大利亚和我们国家香港等国家和地区已经构成了比拟完善的律师制度，经过考察，能够看出域外的律师制度对我们国家具有下面几点启示：一是建立完善的法律制度保障律师依法履职；二是律师与其他法律职业有明显的界线；三是赋予律师执业独立性以保障法律服务的中立性；四是建立了律师、法官、检察官等法律职业共同体，实现不同法律职业之间的有序沟通；五是律师要接受律师行业协会的监管与约束。第三部分，我们国家公职律师制度的初步实践及存在的问题。1996年4月上海浦东新区26名公职律师初次亮相，迈出了我们国家公职律师制度建设的第一步。2002年10月，司法部专门下发(关于开展公职律师试点工作的意见〕，拉开了我们国家公职律师制度试点工作的序幕，由此逐步构成了公职律师试点的浙江形式、广州形式、厦门形式、扬州形式和周村形式。我们国家公职律师制度试点在获得较大成绩的同时，也存在着试点工作缺乏法律保障、公职律师官本位倾向明显、公职律师部分职能与职能部门职责混谣雷同、公职律师履行职能缺乏独立性、主导性的管理形式始终没有能构成和律师协会行业管理职能缺失等问题。第四部分，我们国家全面推行公职律师制度的必要性禾卩可行性。我们国家全面推行公职律师制度的必要性主要具体表现出在建设法治的必然要求、完善律师制度的内在需要、提高欠发达地区律师服务水平的迫切需要、推动我们国家诉讼制度改革的重要措施、以及实现社会和谐的现实需要等五个方面；可行性详细具体表现出在律师队伍的发展提供了条件、现行的律师制度提供了参考根据、各地的试点工作提供了实践基础、域外完善的律师制度提供了借鉴等四个方面。第五部分，我们国家全面推行公职律师制度的若干设想。在概括我们国家公职律师制度试点形式、分析试点存在的问题和借鉴域外律师制度有益经历体验的基础上，提出我们国家全面推行公职律师制度的若干设想，详细包括：一是修订律师法及制定公职律师管理条例；二是在法制部门附设公职律师工作机构；三是实行三结合的公职律师管理体制；四是采取措施促进东西部律师队伍的平衡发展；五是建立公职律师的评价与考核制度；六是建立公职律师的鼓励机制。本文关键词语：公职律师；制度；形式；试点；全面推行ABSTRACTSince1997,the15thPartyCongressputforwardtheimplementationofruleoflaw,thepeoplesgovernmentadministrationaccordingtolawismoreandmore.AsChinaseconomicandsocialdevelopment,thelegalissuesatalllevelsofgovernmentinvolvedinadministrativemanagementisalsomoreandmore,sothegovernmentneedstoall-round,thewholeprocessoflegalservices.Inviewofthis,theMinistryofjusticein200210issuedaaboutcarryingoutthepilotworkopinionspubliclawyer.Morethantenyears,ourpilotworkofthegovernmentlawyersysteminsomeareas,andhasachievedinitialresults,buttherearestillmanyproblems.Therefore,theauthorintendstoconductapreliminarystudyoftheissueofpubliclawyersystem,tothedevelopmentofourcountrysgovernmentlawyersystemandimprovement.Inadditiontotheintroductionandconclusion,isdividedintofiveparts.Thecontentsofeachpartareasfollows:*Thefirstpart,definetheconnotationofthegovernmentlawyersystem.Publiclawyerisalawyer,servedontheinstitutionofadministrativeorgansortoperformtheservicefunctionofsocialpublicmanagement,orthegovernmentlegalaidagencies,approvalofthejudicialadministrativeorganandobtainedthepracticingcertificatepubliclawyers,publicpersonnelspecializinginthisorgan,legalaffairsunit.Chinasgovernmentlawyeroffice,hasdualnatureofidentity,servicefreeofchargeandsupervisionandmanagementofmultiplefeatures.Governmentlawyersystem,isreferstotheprincipleofnationallawsandregulations,relevantpubliclawnatureofthetask,therightsandobligations,managementsystem,organizationandactivities,andingeneralhowtotheorgans,unitstoprovidelegalservicespecification.Thesecondpart,theinvestigationandEnlightenmentofforeigngovernmentlawyersystem.IntheUnitedStatesofAmerica,Singapore,NewZealandforeign,China,AustraliaandHongkongandothercountriesandregionshasformedacomparativelyperfectgovernmentlawyersystem,throughtheinvestigation,wecanseetheforeigngovernmentlawyersystemofourcountryhasthefollowingenlightenment:oneisestablishinglawsystemperfectgovernmentlawyerstoperformtheirdutiesaccordingtolaw;thetwoisthegovernmentlawyershaveclearboundariesandotherlegaloccupation;threeistheneutralgivesthegovernmentlawyersindependenceinordertoprotectthelegalservices;fouristheestablishmentoflawyers,judges,prosecutorsandotherlegaloccupationcommunity,notorderlyexchangebetweenlegaloccupation;fiveisgovernmentlawyerstoacceptthesupervisionandconstraintlawyerindustryassociation.Thethirdpart,thepreliminarypracticeofChinasgovernmentlawyersystemandexistingproblems.1996AprilShanghaiPudongNewArea26publiclawyerdebut,hastakenthefirststepinbuildingpubliclawyersysteminchina.In2002October,theMinistryofJusticeissuedaspecialMoncarryingoutthepilotworkofpublicopinionofcounsel,openedthepreludetotheworkofthepilotpubliclawyersysteminChina,thusgraduallyformedagovernmentlawyerpilotZhejiangmode,Guangzhoumode,Xiamenmode,YangzhoumodeandZhoucunmode.Chinasgovernmentlawyersystempilotinthegreatachievementsmadeatthesametime,therearealsothelackoflegalprotection,thepilotworkofpubliclawyersofficialstandardtendencyisobvious,thegovernmentlawyerpartfunctionanddutyofgovernmentdepartments,publiclawyerstoperformtheirfunctionswiththelackofindependence,leadingmanagementpatternhasnotbeenformedandthebarassociationindustrymanagementlossoffunction.Thefourthpart,thenecessityandfeasibilityofimplementingthegovernmentlawyersysteminchina.NecessityofimplementingpubliclawyersysteminChinamainlyembodiestheperfectlawyersystemintheinevitablerequirement,ofthegovernmentbylawconstruction,improvetheinternalneedlesslawyerserviceleveldevelopedareasofurgentneed,animportantmeasuretopromotethereformoflitigationsysteminourcountry,andrealizetheharmonioussocialrealityneedsfiveaspectsconcretemanifestation;feasibilityinthedevelopmentoflawyerstoprovidetheconditions,thecurrentmilitarylawyersystemprovidesthepilotworkofreference,aroundfouraspectsandprovidesreferenceandprovidedapracticalbasis,extraterritorialimprovegovernmentlawyersystem.Thefifthpart,someideasofthefoilimplementationaboutthegovernmentlawyersysteminchina.Basedonthesummarizationofpilotpattern,governmentlawyersystemofChinaananalysisoftheexperimentalproblemsandlearnfromforeigngovernmentlawyersystemusefulexperience,somesuggestionswereputforward,thefullimplementationofthegovernmentlawyersysteminChinaincluding:oneisthelawrevisionandpubliclawyermanagementregulations;twoisagovernmentlawyerworkingmechanisminthelawgovernmentdepartments;threeisapubliclawyermanagementsystemthreecombinationfouristhebalanceddevelopmentofmeasurestopromotewesternlawyers;fiveistheestablishmentoftheevaluationofthegovernmentlawyersandappraisalsystem;sixistheestablishmentoftheincentivemechanismofthegovernmentlawyers.KEYWORDS:publiclaw;system;mode;the