atherosclerosis动脉粥样硬化

atherosclerosis动脉粥样硬化第1页/共21页

Signsandsymptoms:

Atherosclerosisisaconditioninwhichanarterywallthickensasaresultoftheaccumulationofplaque.第2页/共21页1、atherosclerosis:[,æθərəʊsklɪə'rəʊsɪs;-sklə-]动脉粥样硬化2、symptom:['sɪm(p)təm]n.症状；征兆3、artery:['ɑːtərɪ]n.动脉4、accumulation:[əkjuːmjʊ'leɪʃ(ə)n]n.积聚累积；堆积物5、plaque:[plæk;plɑːk]n.斑块第3页/共21页Theplaqueismadeupoffat,cholesterol,calcium,andothersubstancesfoundintheblood.Overtime,plaquehardensandnarrowsthepatient’sarteries.Thislimitstheflowofoxygen-richbloodtotheirorgansandotherpartsofthebody.6、cholesterol:[kə'lestərɒl]n.胆固醇第4页/共21页第5页/共21页

Itcanalsoleadseriousproblems,mainlyincludingthefollowingfourkinds:

第6页/共21页

Coronaryarterydisease:

Thesearteriessupplybloodtoourheart.Whentheyareblocked,wecansufferanginaoraheartattack.7、coronary:['kɒr(ə)n(ə)rɪ]adj.冠的；冠状的8、angina:[æn'dʒaɪnə]n.心绞痛第7页/共21页第8页/共21页

Carotidarterydisease:

Thesearteriessupplybloodtoourbrain.Whentheyareblockedwecansufferastroke.9、carotid:[kə'rɒtɪd]n.颈动脉adj.颈动脉的第9页/共21页Peripheralarterialdisease:

Thesearteriesareinourarms,legsandpelvis.Whentheyareblocked,wecansufferfromnumbness,painandsometimesinfections.10、peripheral:[pə'rɪf(ə)r(ə)l]adj.外围的；次要的11、pelvis:['pelvɪs]n.骨盆第10页/共21页

Chronickidneydisease:

Therenalarteriessupplybloodtoourkidneys.Ifplaquebuildsupinthesearteries,thediseaseoccurs.Overtime,chronickidneydiseasecausesaslowlossofkidneyfunction.12、chronic:['krɒnɪk]adj.慢性的；长期的；习惯性的第11页/共21页

Causes:

Themaincauseofatherosclerosisisyet

unknown,butishypothesizedtofundamentallybeinitiatedby

inflammatoryprocesses

inthevesselwallinresponseto

retainedlow-densitylipoprotein(LDL)

molecules.

第12页/共21页13、hypothesize:[haɪ'pɒθɪsaɪz]vt.假设，假定vi.假设，假定14、fundamentally[,fʌndə'mɛntəli]adv.根本地，从根本上；基础地15、initiate[ɪ'nɪʃɪeɪt]vt.开始，创始；发起16、inflammatory:[ɪn'flæmət(ə)rɪ]adj.炎症性的17、low-densitylipoprotein(LDL):低密度脂蛋白;lipoprotein,['lɪpə(ʊ),prəʊtiːn],脂蛋白第13页/共21页

Also,

cytomegalovirus(CMV)

infectionisassociatedwithcardiovasculardiseases.18、cytomegalovirus:[,saɪtə(ʊ)'meg(ə)lə(ʊ),vaɪrəs]n.巨细胞病毒19、cardiovascular:[,kɑːdɪəʊ'væskjʊlə]adj.心血管的第14页/共21页

Treatments:

Non-pharmaceuticalmeansareusuallythefirstmethodoftreatment,suchas

cessationofsmoking,followingahealthydiet,

andpracticingregularexercise.

20、pharmaceutical:[,fɑːmə'sjuːtɪk(ə)l]n.药物adj.制药（学）的第15页/共21页第16页/共21页第17页/共21页第18页/共21页

Ifthesemethodsdonotwork,medicines

areusuallythenextstepintre