高考英语复习-第1部分-基础知识考点-Unit-4-Earthquakes-市赛课公开课一等奖省名师

1/39Ⅰ.高考单词→识记·思索·利用1.关键词汇①________vi.爆裂；暴发

n.突然破裂；暴发②________n.废墟；毁灭

vt.毁灭；使破产③________vt.使陷入困境

n.陷阱；困境④________vt.毁坏；破坏；毁灭⑤________vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏⑥________vt.&n.救援；营救⑦________n.&

vt.损失；损害

2/39⑧________vt.表示；表示

n.快车；速递⑨judgen.裁判员；法官

vt.断定；判断；判决________n.判断⑩injurevt.损害；伤害

________adj.受伤________n.伤害；损害⑪frightenvt.使惊吓；恐吓________adj.受惊；受恐吓________adj.令人恐惧⑫shockn.休克；震惊；打击

vt.&vi.使震惊；震动________adj.震惊________adj.令人震惊答案①burst

②ruin

③trap

④destroy

⑤bury

⑥rescue⑦damage

⑧express

⑨judgment⑩injured；injury

⑪frightened；frightening

⑫shocked；shocking3/392.常考词汇 ①congratulationn.___________________pl.________________ ②eventn.________________ ③sufferingn.________________ ④disastern.________________ ⑤sheltern.________________ ⑥sincerelyadv.________________ ⑦trackn.________________4/39⑧nationn.________________nationaladj.________________⑨uselessadj.________________usefuladj.________________⑩extremeadj._______________extremelyadv.________________答案①祝贺贺词②事件；大事③苦难；痛苦④灾难；灾祸⑤遮蔽处；避身处；掩蔽⑥真诚地；真挚地⑦轨道；足迹；痕迹⑧民族；国家；国民国家，民族

⑨无用；无效；无益有用

⑩极度极其，非常

5/39用所给单词适当形式填空1.Ourgenerationoncejoinedhandsandstoodfirmattimesof________(nation)emergency.(·北京，阅读D)2.ButinIndonesia________(extreme)dryforestsareinflames.(·江苏，阅读C)3.Larrytoldherthatsheshouldnotmoveincaseshe________(injure)herneck.(·全国Ⅰ，完形)4.Theartworldgavemeachance________(express)myselfwithoutwords.(·天津，阅读表示)5.Eveninitscurrentstate，theInternethasextendedmymemoryand________(judge).(·江苏，任务型阅读)6.Asuddenstopcanbeavery________(frighten)experience，especiallyifyouaretravellingathighspeed.(·浙江，13)6/397.Manyoftheimageswerestoredinthe________(damage)woodenship.(·全国Ⅱ，阅读D)8.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunitybycreating________(shelter)andpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.(·全国Ⅰ，阅读A)9.Thepeople________(trap)inhighrisebuildingsinspiredNataliemost.(·北京，阅读B)10.Afterhearingaboutthis________(shock)news，theywere________(shock)toopentheirmouths.答案1.national

2.extremely3.injured

4.toexpress

5.judgment6.frightening

7.damaged

8.shelters9.trapped

10.shocking；shocked7/39【联想·积累】❶过去式、过去分词仍是动词原形不规则动词小结①burst破裂；暴发

②cut切，剪，割，削③hurt伤害

④broadcast播放⑤cost花费

⑥set放置⑦shut关闭

⑧split撕裂⑨spread伸展，张开

⑩upset扰乱

8/39❷“真诚，老实”家族①sincereadj.真诚；sincerelyadv.真诚地②genuineadj.真诚，真心；genuinelyadv.真诚地，老实地③heartyadj.亲切，真诚，赤诚④pure-heartedadj.真诚⑤honestadj.老实，正直；honestyn.老实，正直，坦诚9/39❸“adj.＋-ity＝n.”荟萃①electricity电

②popularity受欢迎，流行③reality现实

④similarity相同点⑤security安全

⑥equality平等⑦nationality国籍

⑧personality个性⑨activity活动

⑩majority大多数

10/39Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思索·利用1.be＋过去分词/形容词＋介词 ①be________in埋头于 ②be________in陷入 ③be________of以……而自豪

答案①buried

②trapped③proud11/392.介词＋名词 ①________anend结束；终止 ②in________严重受损；破败不堪

答案①at

②ruins12/393.其它形式

①dig________掘出；发觉 ②________from从……判断 ③right________立刻；马上 ④think________of认为……没什么了不起 ⑤a(great)number________许多；大量 ⑥________if好像；好像

答案①out

②judging

③away④little/nothing

⑤of

⑥as13/39用左栏所给短语适当形式填空1.WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday，theyfoundtheirneighborhood____________.(·北京，阅读B)2.Justwaitafewminutes.We’llbeback____________.3.She____________theburninghouse，whichworriedherparents.4.Mr.Zhangthinksmuchofhiswork.But____________money.5.Ifeltalittledizzy，____________Ihadjustwokenfromalongsleep.答案1.inruins

2.rightaway3.wastrappedin

4.thinkslittle/nothingof

5.asif14/39【联想·积累】“in＋n.”表状态集锦①inbattle在战斗中②intears流着泪，在哭着③indebt负债，欠账④inplace在适当位置，适当⑤indanger在危险中⑥introuble/difficulty处于困境中⑦insight被见到，在视线之内⑧inorder秩序井然，整齐15/39Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思索·利用原句背诵感悟1.Inthefarmyards，thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.在农场里，鸡甚至猪都担心得不吃食。2.Then，laterthatafternoon，anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.

接着，在下午晚些时候，又一次强度几乎和第一次一样地震在唐山暴发了。3.Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.

人们不论朝哪里看，哪里一切都几乎被毁了。

16/39句型公式仿写1.too...to...结构 ButIam________________(年纪太大不能爬)hightogetthebestfruit.2.as...as...结构 ①Ithinkyoursuggestionis________________(和他们一样宝贵). ②Thisis________________(和……一样好例子)theotheris.3.everywhere引导地点状语从句 ________________(凡我所到之处)Ifindthesamething.答案1.toooldtoclimb

2.①asvaluableastheirs

②asgoodanexampleas

3.EverywhereIgo17/39◆too...to...全掌握(1)too...to...太……而不能……(2)too...to...与not或never连用时，意为“不论……也不过分，越……越好”。(3)only/just/buttoo...to...非常……去做(too前only，just，but不但没有否定意义，反而加重了too必定语气)(4)tooready/easy/eager/willing/anxious/happy...to...句型表示必定，作“过于、太……”解。【联想·积累】18/39[单

词

点

睛]1.ruinvt.毁灭；使破产

n.废墟；毁灭 [高考佳句]Thenmakesurethepeopleyousurroundyourselfwitharesupportive.Don’tletnegativityruinyourmotivation.(·福建，阅读E)

然后确保你周围人都是支持你。不要让消极情绪毁掉你动机。高考必备词汇——精讲精练

19/39单句语法填空/单句改错/写作利用①Thefarmhaslongbeenabandonedandcome________ruin.②Withtimegoingon，thecastlewhichoncewasverybeautifulisnowcompletelyinruin.③Manyvillagecommunitiesfeeltheircountryside_______________thepower-producingmachinesofwindfarms.(·福建，阅读E)许多乡村小区以为自己乡村正在被风力发电厂发电机毁掉。答案①to

②ruin→ruins

③isbeingruinedbyinruins毁坏；成为废墟come/go/falltoruin毁灭；灭亡；瓦解bring...toruin使……失败；使……毁坏20/392.burstvi.爆裂；暴发

n.突然破裂；暴发 [教材原句]Inthecity，thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.

在市内，一些建筑物里水管爆裂开来。(1)burstin突然闯进；突然出现burstinto...闯进……burstout突然迸发；暴发；突然激动地喊叫burstintolaughter＝burstoutlaughing突然大笑起来burstintotears＝burstoutcrying突然大哭起来(2)aburstof一阵……aburstoflaughter一阵大笑21/39【尤其提醒】burstinto与burstout都有“突然进入某种状态或发生某种情况”意思，但burstinto后面接名词，burstout后面接动名词。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作利用①Itisnotsurprisingthatyoungpeoplearelikelytoburst________，particularlywhentherearereasonstodoso.(·北京，阅读D)②Theothertwoboysjumpedupwithfright，staringatTom.Suddenly，theyburstintolaughing.③ItwasnotuntilIcamebackfromthemeetingthatIfound________________(我房子有些人闯进了).答案①out

②into→out或laughing→laughter③myhouse(was)burstinto22/393.injurevt.损害；伤害；损坏(声誉)；伤害(感情) [教材原句]Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjured. 2/3人在地震中死去或受伤。(1)be/getinjured受伤(2)injuredadj.受伤；受委屈theinjured伤者，伤员(3)injuryn.伤，伤口，伤害dosbaninjury/doaninjurytosb伤害某人23/39单句语法填空/单句改错/写作利用①Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn’tbeenwearingone，I________________(injure).(·天津，15)②Butnow，becausemyleftfootinjuredinthefootballgame，Icannotgowithyouasplanned.(·北京，书面表示)③Don’tdothat.You’ll________________(把自己弄伤).答案①wouldhavebeeninjured

②injured前加got/was

③injureyourself/doyourselfaninjury/doaninjurytoyourself24/394.buryv.埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；沉醉 [教材原句]Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.

部队组成小分队，将受困人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。burysthin...把……埋在……buryoneselfin埋头于，专心于beburiedin(doing)sth专心致志于(做)某事beburiedinthought在沉思中【尤其提醒】表示“专心于，致力于”表示还有：bedevotedto；beabsorbedin；belostin；beoccupiedin；focus/concentrateon；fixone’sattentionon等。25/39单句语法填空/单句改错/写作利用①Mumbet’stombstonestillstandsintheMassachusettscemeterywhereshe____________(bury).(·山东，阅读C)Mumbet墓碑依然屹立在她被埋葬马萨诸塞州墓地里。②BuryingintheinterestingTVprogram，Ididn’thearthedoorbellringing.③________________(因为专心于电影)，shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.答案①wasburied

②Burying→Buried或在Burying后加myself

③Becausesheburiedherselfinthefilm/Becauseshewasburiedinthefilm/Buryingherselfinthefilm/Buriedinthefilm26/391.judgen.法官；裁判员

vt.判断；断定；判决 [教材原句]Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges，allofwhomagreedthatitwasthebestonethisyear.

评委会五位评委听了你演讲，他们都认为你演讲是今年最好。常考必会词汇——了解识别27/39单句语法填空/单句阅读了解(说出黑体部分语义)①Wearingproperclothesisimportanttoo，forlocalswilljudgeyou________whatyouwear.(·重庆，完形B)②________(judge)fromthelookonhisface，thenewsmusthavebeenterrible.③Wehavesomeadviceforthetwoparties:publishthereport，andletthecountrybethejudge.(·福建，阅读E)④Veryquickly，shelearnedtoappreciateliferatherthantojudgeeverythingsoharshly(刻薄地).(·福建，完形)答案①by/from

②Judging

③当裁判④评判一切

28/39【尤其提醒】judgingfrom/by用在句首时，为一个独立成份，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词形式作状语而不用过去分词形式。29/392.trapvt.使陷入困境

n.陷阱；困境 [教材原句]Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.

有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。

单句语法填空/单句阅读了解(说出黑体部分语义) ①Humansarenoless________(trap)bylightpollutionthanthefrogs.(·浙江，阅读C) ②Thepony(小马驹)hadactuallybeentrappedbetweentworocks.(·湖北，阅读A) ③Havingbeentrappedintheminefortwodays，theminersfinallywererescued.

答案①trapped

②被困在了两块岩石之间③被困在矿井里

30/39[短

语

点

拨]1.thinklittleof不重视，轻视 [教材原句]Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity，whothoughtlittleoftheseevents，wereasleepasusualthatnight.

不过，唐山市一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事，当日晚上照常睡着了。31/39(1)thinkhighly/well/alot/muchof...对……评价高bewell/highlythoughtof被……高度评价thinkpoorly/badly/little/nothingof...对……评价不高；不重视(2)speakhighly/wellof...高度赞扬……speakillof...说……坏话(3)singhighpraisefor...高度赞扬……，对……评价高32/39单句语法填空/单句改错/写作利用①Hecameupwithagoodsuggestionatthemeeting，buthisbossthoughtlittle________it.②Shethinksnothingofwalkthirtymilesaday.③Asayoungleader，he________________(受到高度评价).答案①of

②walk→walking

③iswell/highlythoughtof33/392.atanend结束，终止 [教材原句]Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!

好像世界末日到了！(1)attheendof在……尽头；在……末端(指时间或空间一个终点)bytheendof到……结束时；到……时候为止(常与完成时态连用)intheend最终；终于(2)cometoanend结束put/bringsthtoanend结束……putanendtosth结束；终止34/39单句语法填空/单句改错/写作利用①Assoonasyouhearit，youknowthemeetingis____________anend.(·广东，阅读A)②Bytheendofnextmonth，we____________(finish)allourtask.③Themeetingcametoendandhesetdownmanykeypoints.④Theaccident________________(终止我梦想)ofbecominganOlympicathlete.答案①at

②willhavefinished

③end前加an④putanendtomydream/put/broughtmydreamtoanen