国贸考试复习资料

千里之行，始于脚下。第2页/共2页精品文档推荐国贸考试复习资料商业发票commercialinvoice：isexportimportopeneddeliverydirectionpricelist，isthebasisofchargetobothparties，isalsotheimportandexportdeclarationthatthetotalpaytax

ABillOfLadingisadocumentwhichisissuedbyancarriertoashipperwithwhothecarrierhasenteredintoacontractforthecarriageofgoods

发盘offer：itisapartymayaccordingtotheconditionandtheotherpartythatmeaningofthesignsaidofferisgenerallybythesellershouldnoticerequiredtoeachother,,alsocandirecttobuyerissue.

接受acceptance：inlawcalledthecommitment,itistopointsideofthetradeintheofferfromeachotherandtotheotherpartyorbehaviorstatementagreed,andtoofferaccordingtotheconditionofthedealwitheachother,isofthecontractmustbesaid

运输唛头shippingmark：itusuallyindicatebyasimplegeometricshapesandsomeEnglishlettersnumbersandsimplewordscomposition,anditsfunctionistomakethegoodsintransportation,storage,loadingandunloadingprocesseasytorelevantpersonnelrecognition,incasethewrong指示性标志instructionsaresymbolsofthecharacterofthecommodities

attention,putforwardinthe

goodsontheouterpackage

withstrikinggraphicsortext

sayssigns.

Internationaltraderefers

totheprocessoffairand

deliberateexchangeofgoods

orservicesbetweentwoor

morecountries,involvingthe

useofywoormore

currencies

Exporttrademeansto

transportthegoodswhichare

producedandprocessedin

domesticmarketto

internationalmarketforsale

Visibletradereferstothe

exchangeofphysically

tangiblegoodssuchascars

winesshoesbetween

countries,involvingthe

exportimportandreexportof

goodsatvariousstagesof

production

Remittanceitmeansthat

aftertheconclusionofa

businesstransationthe

debtor,theimporterin

internationtrade,instructshis

banktosendor“remit”the

transactionamounttohis

creditor,theexporterinthe

exportingcountry

Cllectionitmeansan

agreementwherebytheseller

drawsadraftonthebuyer

andauthorizesitsbankto

collect

L/Citisthewriterpromise

ofabank,undertakenon

behalfofabuyer,topaya

selleramountspecifiedinthe

creditprocidedtheseller

complieswiththetermand

conditionssetforthinthe

credit

AshippedB/Litrefersto

theonethatshallbeissued

afterthecargohasbeen

actuallyshippedonboard

vessel

OrdeBLteferstotheonethat

ismadeoutinsuchawaythat

thegoodsareconsignedor

destinedtotheorderofa

namedpersoninsteadofa

definiteconsignee

cleanBLitreferstotheone

thatdoesnotcontainany

notationdeclaringa

defectiveconditionof

exteriorpackingofgoods

Symbolsofwarning（标志

性警告）:alsocalledmark

dangerousgoods,itisto

pointtoininflammables,

explosives,drugs,corrosive

materials,radioactive

substancesonthepackaging

thattheriskthatthetextor

graphic.

Demurrageistopointto(滞

期费):beresponsiblefor

loadingandunloadinggoods,

suchasnotapartyagreedby

loadingandunloadingtime

loadingandunloadingof

completeloadingand

unloadingtask,needrateto

theshiptopayafoneofthe

delay.

Speedfordispatchisto

pointto(速遣费）:theparty

responsibleforloadingand

unloadinggoods,inofthe

agreementinloadingand

unloadingtimedoneahead

oftheloadingandunloadingtask,ship,canhelptoacceleratetheshipmadefromturnoverofbonuses.Insurableheinterest9可保利益）ispolicyorinsuranttoinsurancemarkhavesomelegitimateeconomicpowerorinterests.

Theprincipleofgood

faith9诚信）referstothepartiestoeachothersincerelyfullandaccurateinformusinformustheinsuranceofallimportantfact,don’tallowanyhypocrisyfool,tohidebehavior.

简答题：

一．海运提单的作用Marinebillofladingrole:

billofladingisthecarrieroritsagentissuedthegoodsReceipt,accordingtothelistofbillladinghasreceivedthegoods.

BillofladingisakindfownershipcertificateDocuments.Thebillofladingholderofthebillodladingcanbeinlegaldestinationtotheshippingcompanytakingthegoodsalsocanbeincarryingvesselarrivalattheportofdestination,throughbillofladingandbeforethetransferownershiptransfer,orbybank

BillofladingistheshipperandthecarriertransportcontractconcludedbetweentheproofofthecarrieroftheEvidence.Inthelinershippingdisputedbasis;Charterboatunderthe

conditionsofthe

transportation,thecarrieror

hisagentbillofladingis

issuedbythetransportation

contractproof.The

transportationofthecontract

ischarteringcontract.itisto

dealwiththecarrierandthe

chartererintransportofthe

rightsandobligationsofthe

basis.

二．计算皮重的办法

TheActualTareispacking

materialafterweighingthe

weight.AverageTareweight

loss.Formaterialsand

specificationcomparisonofa

commoditypackaging,any

sparesomeapackaging

materialobtainsitsaverage

weightnamelytoaverage

tareweight.

Tare(Customaryhabit

Tare).Comparisonof

normalization,theweight

packinghasalreadybeen

accepted,butstraightbythe

weightoftherecognized

calculation.

Tareagreementoftheparties

agreedinadvanceoftheTare

weight,butdon’tneedto

throughactualweighing.

三．集装箱货物的交接方式

Thecontainercargotransfer

mode:

Thewholecasehandin,the

wholecargobyFCL/FCL

LCLpay.LCLmeet

LCL/LCL

Thewholecasepay,LCL

pickforFCL/LCL

LCLhandin,thewholecase

byFCL/LCL

四．集装箱运输的特点

Loadingandunloadingof

highefficiency,shipturnover

Goodssentlessdamage

Loadingcapacity,freight

costislow

Canbeconnectedallkinds

oftransportationmodeand

realizationdoor-to-door

transport

五．单据的种类

moneydocuments:thebills

ofexchange,promissory

notesandcheques,L/C

Commercialdocuments:the

commercialinvoice,custom

invoice

Freightdocuments:theocean

billsoflading,charterparty

B/L,themulti-modal

transportdocuments,air

waybill

Insurancedocuments

Andotherdocuments:the

documents,andcertificateof

origin,andotherdocuments

(sendsingleproof,send

samples,shippingadvice,age

ofproof)

六．ThevariationofFOB

tradeterm:

FOBLinerterms,which

meanthattheloading

expensesisbornebythe

partywhopaysthe

freight,thebuyer,justasthe

goodsaretransportalbythe

liner

FOBundertackle,which

meansthatthesellerdeliver

thegoodstotheplacewhich

maybereachedbythe

tackle.thebuyershallbear

theloadingexpensefromthetimethegoodsareslungup.FOBstawed,whichmeansthatthesellershallberesponsibleforloadingthegoodsintotheholderandbeartheloading

expense,includingthestowingexpense

FOBtrimmed,whichmeansthatthesellershallberesponsibleforloadingthegoodsintotheholderandbeartheloadingexpense,includingthetrimmingexpense

FOBstowedandtrimmed,whichmeansthatthesellershallberesponsibleforloadingthegoodsintotheholderandbeartheloadingexpense,includingthestowingandtrimmingexpense

七ThevariationofCIFtradeterm:

CIFLinerterms,whichmeanthatthebuyerisnotborneunloadingexpenses,butsellerorshipowner

CIFlanded,whichmeansthatthebuyershallbeartheexpenseforunloadingthegoodsfromtheshipontothedockattheportofdestination

CIFExship’sholdwhichmeansthatthebuyershallbeartheexpensesforslingingupthegoodsfromtheholdtohedock

CIFExtackle,whichmeansthatthesellerdeliversthegoodstotheplacewhichmaybereachedbythe

tackle.

Fundamentalprinciplesof

cargoinsurance:

theinsurableinterest

principle2.thealmostgood

faithprinciple

Theindemnityprinciple

4.theproximatecause

principle

thesubrogationprincipke

6.theshareprinciple

MarineLosses:Totallossand

partialloss

Totallossreferstothelossof

theentirevalueofthesubject

mattertotheinsured,

normallyinvolvingthe

maximumamountforwhich

apolicyisliable.Partialloss

meansapartialdamagetoor

thetotallossofpartofthe

insuredcargo.

GAisdefinedasapartialand

deliberatesacificeofthe

ship.freight,cargoorthe

additionalexpenseincurred

torescueashipanditscargo

fromimpedingdangerprfor

thecommonsafetyofthe

adventureunderaperilofthe

seaprsomeotherhazards.

PAisapartiallossodthe

subjectmatter

insured,causedbyanevent

thathasbeeninsuredagainst,

CoverageofMarineCargo

InsuranceofCIC

BMIC基本险FPA.安全险

WPA水渍险Allrisks一切

险AIC附加险：General

Additionalinsurance

coverage:riskof

shortage,freshwaterrain

damage,riskofleakage.

SpecialAdditionalinsurance

coverage:warrisks,import

dulyrisk,ondeck

risk.rejectionrisk,failureto

delive