2021年湖南永州中考英语试题及答案

2021年湖南永州中考英语试题及答案

第一部分听力技能（共两节，计20分）

第一节（共5分，每小题1分）听下面五段材料，每段材料后各有1个小题，从各小题所

给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案，井标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有

时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

1.WhatisGracedoingnow?

2.What'sthematerwiththewoman?

5.HowdoesKategotoschool?

第二节（共15分，每小题1分）听下面六段材料，每段材料后各有几个小题，从各小题所

给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案，井标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有

时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

听第一段材料，回答第6~7小题。

6.Wheredoesthemanwanttogo?

A.Abank.B.Ahotel.C.Asupermarket.

7.Howfarisitfromheretothedestination（目的地）？

A.About4kilometers.B.About4kilometers.C.About6

kilometers.

听第二段材料，回答第8~9小题。

8.WhatkindofmusicdoesJanelooklike?

A.Pop.B.Rock.C.Country.

9.Whenshalltheymeet?

A.At2:00p.m.B.At2:30p.m.C.At3:00p.m.

听第三段材料，回答第10~ll小题。

10.Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?

A.Shirts.B.Coats.C.Skirts.

11.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforthegifts?

A.20dollars.B.35dollars.C.40dollars.

听第四段材料，回答第12~14小题。

12.HowwastheweatheronSaturday?

A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.

13.WhatdidMarydoonSundayafternoon?

A.Shevisitedhergrandparents.

B.Sheplayedwithherbrother.

C.ShevolunteeredinanoldpeopleJshome.

14.WhatdidMikethinkwasthemostdelicious?

A.SaladB.Cake.C.Popcorn.

听第五段材料，回答第15~17小题。

15.WhatsubjectsshouldLucystudyhard?

A.Mathandscience.B.Medicineandchemistry.C.Mathand

chemistry.

16.WhatdoesBobwanttobe?

A.Aninventor.B.Adoctor.C.Ateacher.

17.WhatdoesBobthinkofmedicine?

A.Different.B.Fun.C.Easy.

听第六段材料，回答第18~20小题。

18.Howdoesreadingmakeusfeel?

A.Happy.B.Tired.C.Bored

19.Whymaygoodreadersbecomegoodwriters?

A.Becausetheycanreadabookanywhere.

B.Becausetheirschoolworkmaybecomebetter.

C.Becausetheymayhavemorethingstowriteabout.

20.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A.Readingisagoodhobby.B.ReadingisFun.C.Howtoreadfaster.

第二部分阅读技能（共两节，计50分）

第一节阅读选择（共40分，每小题2分）阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三

个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在件答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。

A

China'sunbelievablehigh-speedrailnetwork

Atthebeginningofthe21stcenturyChinahadnohigh-speedrailways.Slow,

crowdedandoftenuncomfortabletrainsranacrossthisvastcountry,withlowaverage

speedsmakingjourneyssuchasShanghai-Beijingatestoftravel.

Today,it'sacompletelydifferentpicture.With37,900kilometersoflines,

linkingallofitsmajorbigcities.ChinahastheworldJslargestworkofhigh-speed

railways.Halfofthattotalhasbeencompletedinthelastfiveyearsalone,with

afurther3,700kilometersduetoopeninthecomingmonthsof2021.Thenetwork

isexpectedtodoubleinlengthagain,to70,000kilometers,by2035.

1.HowwerethetrainsinChinaatthebeginningofthe21"century?

A.Fast.B.Comfortable.C.Crowded.

2.Howmanykilometersoflinesareduetoopeninthecomingmonthsof2021?

A.3,700.B.37,900.C.70,000.

【答案】LC2.A

PopularthingstodoontheInternet

ActivityPercentage

ofkidsonline

ISendane-mail89%

playgames87%

|Goonlinetogetnewsorimformation75%

ISendorreceivemessages25%

IBuythings:suchasbooks,clothings43%

[Sendorreveivemessagesusingacellphone

3.41.0%ofkidsagedusetheInternet.

A.5—9B.10—13C.14—17

4.Whatpercentageofkidsgetsnewsorinformationonline?

A.89%,B.76%.C.38%.

5.Whatdo43%ofkidsusuallydoontheInternet?

A.Playgames.B.Buybooks.C.Sendorreceive

instantmessages.

【答案】3.A4.B5.B

C

Canagreenmachinehelptheworld'spoorestkidslearnbetter?Nicholas

Negropontethinksso.Heandhisteamofscientistshaveinventedanewtypeof

computer.Asaresult,manychildrenwholiveinpoverty（贫穷）willhavetheirown

laptopcomputers!

Negroponteworksatauniversity.HestartedagroupcalledOneLaptopPerChild

{OLPC）.ThepeopleatOLPCdonJtworkformoney.Theyworktohelpchildrenlearn.

OLPCmakescomputersthatdon,tcostalot.Thentheysellthemachinesto

governmentsofcountriesthathavemanypeopleliveinpoverty.Thegovernmentsthen

givethecomputestokidsforfree.

TheXOLaptopcomputersaremadeforschool-agedchildrenindevelopingnations.

Manyofthesechildrenliveinfarawayareasandgotoschoolswithclassrooms.In

ordertowork,thelaptopshavetobelastingandstudent-friendly.

Themachineshavemanyfuncharacterslikeabuilt-invideocamera,voice

recording,andgames.TheWiFiletsstudentsshareinformationontheWebandread

e-books.Theyalsocanmakemusicandchatwithfriends.

Anothergreatcharacteristhatitcanlastforalongtime.Itcanbehandcharged

andalsocanberechargedbyconnectingtoasolarpanel.Becauseofthesecharacters

theXOlaptopsmakelearningfunwhilehelpingtheenvironment.

Thecomputershaveacolorfulname—“thegreenmachine”.Negropontethinks

theycouldmakeadifferenceinthelivesofmillionsofkids.Hesays,“Every

problemyoucanthinkof-poverty,peace,theenvironment-issolvedwith

education.”

OLPCplanstogiveoutovertenmillioncomputersinthenextfewyears.Kids

inThailand,Nigeria,Brazil,andArgentinawillgetmostofthem.ChinaandEgypt

alsowanttotakepartintheprogram.Afterthat,Negropontehopestosellcomputers

toothercountrieswithhighpoverty.

6.NegropontethinkshislaptopcomputerswillhelptheworldJspoorestkidsto

A.workathomeB.gotoschoolontimeC.learnbetter

7.WhatcanweknowaboutthepeopleatOLPCaccordingtoParagraph2?

A.Theyworkformoney.

B.Theygivecomputerstokidsforfree.

C.Theysellcomputerstogovernmentswithmanypeoplelivinginpoverty.

8.WhydoXOlaptopsmakelearningfunwhilehelpingtheenvironment?

A.Becausetheyarelastingandstudent-friendly.

B.Becausetheyaremadeforschool-agedchildren.

C.Becausetheyhaveacolorfulname.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“charged“meaninChinese?

A.携带B.充电C,使用

10.Whowillgetmostofthecomputersinthenextfewyears?

A.KidsinThailand.B.KidsinChina.C.KidsinEgypt.

【答案】6.C7.C8.A9.B10.A

D

Dogsmighthavethelatesttoolsinthefightagainstcancer（癌症）；theirnoses!

ResearchersatCalifornia'sPineStreetFoundation（PSRsaytheyhavetrainedfive

dogstosmellcanceronaprison,sbreath.Thiscouldbeexcitingnews.

Adog'ssenseofsmellmaybe10,000to100,000timesstrongerthanours.But

candogsreallysmellillness?/^researcherMichaelMcCullochsaysyes.uWewere

verysurprisedbyhowexacttheywere,“hesaid."Theyweretellingwhohadcancer,

andtheywerealsosayingwhodidn,t.”

DogsinthePineStreetFoundationtestweretrainedtositwhentheysmelled

cancer.Howwelldidtheyperform?Takealookatthischarttofindout.

NumberofTimestheDogsNumberofTimestheDogs

BreathSample

SatdownKeptStanding

Breathfromlungcancer

56410

patients

Breathfromhealthy

4708

persons

McCullochandhisteamaskedfourhealthypeopleandonewithcancertoblow

intoplastictubes（塑料管）.Specialmaterialsinthetubeskeptthethingsofeach

breath.Thetubeswerethenplacedoneyardapart.Finally,thedogswereallowed

tosmellthetubes.Eachdoghadbeentrainedforthreeweekstositwhenitsmelled

cancer.Ninety-ninepercentofthetime,thedugsatnexttothetubesblowninto

bypatientswithlungcancer.Thedogswereright88percentofthetimeaboutbreast

cancer.

Nolabtestforcancerhasgivenmorecorrectresultsthanthistest.Theresults

aresoamazingthatmanyexpertsquestionthedogs'smellingpower.Theywonder

iftherewereotherreasonswhythedogsdidsowell.Forexample,theythoughtthe

waythedogtrainersbehavedcouldhaveinfluencedhowthedogsacted.However,most

expertsagreethatthisstudyisimportant.Theinformationcouldhelpscientists

createasimplebreathtestforcancerinthefuture.Onceagain,humansmaybe

gettingahelpingpawornose—fromtheirbestanimalfriends.

11.What?sthelatesttooladogmighthaveinthefightagainstcancer?

A.Tooth.B.Nose.C.Ear.

12.WhathappenedfirstinthePineStreetFoundationtest?

A.Thedogsweretrained.B.Thetubeswereplacedoneyard

apart.

C.Thedogssmelledthetubes.

13.Whatwasadogsupposedtodowhenitsmelledcancer?

A.Smellagain.B.Turnaround.C.Sitdown.

14.Lookatthechart.Howmanytimesdidthedogskeepstandingwhentheysmelled

thebreathfromhealthypersons?

A.Lessthan10times.B.Almost600times.C.About700

times.

15.Whydomanyexpertsquestionthedog'ssmellingpower?

A.Becausenolabtestforcancerhasgivenmorecorrectresults.

B.Becausethedogtrainersinfluencedhowthedogsacted.

C.Becausetheydon'tthinkthisstudyisimportant.

【答案】ILB12.A13.C14.C15.B

E

Whatdoyoudowithyourrubbish?Throwitout?Youdon'tknowwhatyou're

missing!Lookcloselyatthetwofiguresonyourleft.Theyweremadefromthings

mostpeoplethrowaway.Thefiguresweremadefromusedbottlecaps.Thosetwo

bottle-capfigureswereexhibited（展示）inamuseum.

Folkartisartmadebycommonpeoplewhohavenotbeentrainedasartists.Their

workisoftenbasedontraditionsintheirculture.Fineart,ontheotherhand,

isusuallymadebypeoplewhohavehadtraininginart.Worksoffineartarevalued

fortheirartisticbeauty.Theyaresupposedtobelookedatbutnotused.Works

offolkart,however,areoftenmadeforeverydayuse.

Thereweremorethan800piecesoffolkartfromnearly50countriesinthe

exhibition.Allofthepiecesweremadefromusedmetal,wood,cloth,andplastic.

Theartistscomefrommanydifferentcultures.Still,theyallshareonething.They

takeobjectsthatarenormallythrownawayandchangethemintoobjectsthatare

beautiful,useful,andfun.Theartistsmaynotthinkofwhattheydoasrecycling,

butthat,sexactlywhatitis.Fineartistsmightworkwithexpensivematerials.

Theymightuseexpensivetoolstoshapethesematerialsintoworksofart.Onthe

otherhand,inpoorcountriesrubbishmightbetheonlymaterialfolkartistsand

toymakerscanafford.Theexhibitionshowsthatarichimaginationisveryimportant

whenthereareonlypoormaterials.Recycledartbeganlongbeforepeoplebeganto

thinkaboutrecycling.Someoftheobjectsintheexhibitiondatefromthe1930s.

Evenifyoudon'tcreateartoutofrubbish,it'sgoodtosaveournatural

resources.RememberthethreeRules:reduce,reuse,recycle.Ifyoureducewaste,

truethingsinsteadofthrowingthemout,andrecyclematerialssuchaspaper,

plastic,andglass,youwillprotecttheenvironment.

16.Whichideabelongsintheemptybox?

Conclusion（结

Details

论）

Artbasedonculturaltraditions

Artmadeforeverydayuse

Artmadewithusedmaterials

A.Folkartismadebypeoplewhoarenottrainedartists

B.Theartistscomefrommanydifferentcultures

C.Recycledartbeganlongbeforepeoplestartedrecycling

17.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?

A.Therewasmorethan800piecesoffineart.

B.Folkartistscan'tshapeexpensivematerialsintoworksofart.

C.Poormaterialsalsocanbemadeintoworksofart.

18.Whatisthesamethingofthepiecesintheexhibitionshare?

A.Theyareallwoksoffineart.B.Theyareallmadefromused

materials.

C.Theyareallmadebythetrainedartists.

19.Whatcanwedotoprotectourenvironment?

A.Throwawayusedmaterials.B.Onlyuseexpensivematerials.

C.Recyclematerials.

20.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.UsedBottleCapsB.TheArtofRecyclingC.AMuseum

Exhibition

【答案】16.C17.C18.A19.C20.B

第二节阅读匹配(共10分，每小题2分)

阅读下面的短文，从所给的A~F六个选项中，选出正确的答案填空，使短文通顺，内容完

整，并在答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑，其中选项中有一项是多余的。

5waystotrainyourbrainforbettersleep

Thedaysarelonger,fullofsunshineandbrightwiththepromiseofenjoying

amorerelaxingspringandsummerwithyourlovedones.Butifyouwanttoenjoy

yourdaytime,it'stimetoimproveyoursleepduringthenight-time."Sleep

problemsendangerhealthandquality(质量)oflifeforupto45%oftheworld?s

population,“accordingtotheWorldSleepSociety.

Sleepisoneofthethreekeystoahealthier,longerlife(theothersarediet

andexercise).21.Herearethetopfivewaystoimproveyoursleepandget

somerelax:

Createasleepnest

22.Sciencetellsusthatwesleepbetterincoolertemperaturesofabout

60to67degreesFahrenheit(15℃to20℃).

Developaroutine

Setupabedtimeritualbytakingawarmbathorshower,readingabookor

listeningtosoftmusic.You'reteachingyourmindtorelax.Andsticktoit.Go

tobedandgetupatthesametimeeachday,evenonweekendsoryourdaysoff.

____23.

Cutthelights

Productionofthesleephormonemelatonin（荷尔蒙褪黑激素）beginsatdark.

Researchhasfoundthatthebodywillsloworstopitwithlighton,togetaway

fromanylight,eventhebluelightfromyourchargingsmartphone.

Refusethewine

Don'tturntowinetomakeyoucalmorhelpyousleep.24.Yourbody

needstoexperienceallthreestepsofsleep-lightsleepdream,anddeepsleep-to

fullyrepairitself.

25

Heavyandspicyfoodsmaygiveyouheartburnorotherdigestiveproblems,thus

influencingyourabilitytogetandstayasleep.

Ifyoutrythesetipsandcan'tseemtorelax,oryoursleepcontinuestoworsen,

besuretoreachouttoyourdoctororamentalhealthprofessional.

A.Thebodylikesroutine

B.Avoidheavyorhotfoods

C.Refusecoffeelaterintheday

D.Oneofthefirsttasksistosetupyoursleepenvironment

E.Winemayhelpyoufallasleep,butitholdsyouinthelightersleep

F.Manyofthewaystoincreasethequalityofyoursleepareeasytofollow

【答案】21.F22.D23.A24.E25.B

第三部分知识运用（共两节，计20分）

第一节词语填空（共10分，每小题1分）

阅读下面的内容，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空

白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。

MywholelifehaschangedbecauseofCOVID-19.It'sveryupsettingbecausewe

can't26anyoneelseandwecan,tgotoothersJhomes.Wehavebeenat

home,butI27thehealthcareworkerswhohaveriskedtheirliveseveryday

tohelpusstayhealthyandsafe.Here,Idescribemyexperienceduringthistime.

Comingbackhomefrommyspringvacation,1gotnewsthatschoolisclosedfor

twoweeks.

Beingakid,Igot28butIdidn'tknowwhatwaswaitingforus.Inever

thoughtIwouldbedoingmyclassesonlinemonthslater.

Rightafterthe“stayathome“order,mymothertestedpositiveforCOVID-19

andourfamilywasquarantined（隔离）for14days.Itwasreallychallengingfor

allofus,especiallyformy29,whogotsick.Thoseweretheworsttwoweeks

inmylife.

Watchingmymother30fever,cough,andshortnessofbreathwas

heartbreaking.Ihadtearsinmyeyes,butIdidn'ttellmyparentsaboutit.I

wasthankfulthatmyfatherisa31whoknowshowtotreatCOVID-19patients.

Afterthreeweeks,mymothergotbetter.

Myfatherisatruehero.Notonlywashetakingcareofus,butalsohehas

beentreatingpatientswithCOVID-19everydayand32thecommunity

selflessly.Iamproudofhim.

This33hastaughtmetobethankfulforthingswehaveinlife.Myfather

has34metobeselfless,helpful,andbrave.ItisOKtobeanxious,but

rememberthatthereis35attheendofthechannel（隧道）andlifewill

getnormalagain.

26.A.e-mai1B.callC.meet

27.A.admireB.likeC.miss

28.A.surprisedB.excitedC.worried

29.A.sisterB.fatherC.mother

30.A.continueB.standC.accept

31.A.doctorB.workerC.teacher

32.A.controllingB.servingC.cleaning

33.A.accidentB.journeyC.experience

34.A.askedB.toldC.taught

35.A.lightB.signC.wind

【答案】26.C27.A28.A29.C30.A31.A32.B33.C34.

C35.A

第二节语法填空（共10分，每小题1分）

阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（限1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，使句

子通顺完整。

36.Nowadays,bettermedicalcareandcleanerwaterhelppeople1ive(long).

【答案】longer

37.AttheveryheartofBeijing,thePalaceMuseumisChina'slargestofallthe

ancient(building).

【答案】buildings

38.Peoplearoundtheworldareworkingon(reduce)thecausesofglobal

warming.

【答案】reducing

39.HewhohasnotclimbedGreatWallisnotatrueman.

【答案】the

40.TheofficiallanguageofChinaisPutonghua,theforeignersusually

callitMandarin.

【答案】while

41.Mid-AutumnFestivalisaspecialtimeforfamiliesanditisonthe

15thdayoftheeighthlunarmonth.

【答案】celebrated

42.ChairmanMaoonce(say)thatwomencouldholduphalfthesky.

【答案】said

43.China(have)threemaintypesofteas:greentea,blackleaandwulong

tea,ahalfwaybetweenblackandgreentea.

【答案】has

44.MattewChimudziwantstostudyChinesesothathecanhaveagood

(communicate)withpeopleinChinaoneday.

【答案】communication

45.Whenitcomestomybirthdays,Iwouldliketoinvitemyfriends(watch)

amovie.

【答案】towatch

第四部分写作技能(共三节，计30分)

第一节回答问题（共10分，每小题2分）

阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

Riceisoneofthemostcommonlyeatenbasicfoodsaroundtheworld.Buyingit

andcookingitisadailymatter.Yetformany,itspresencehasbeenamatterof

lifeanddeath.Itisamainfoodbecauseitiseasytogrow,besideslowcostand

convenience.Apoorcommunityinthedevelopingworldmayfinditdifficulttobring

inforeignfruitsorraisecattleformeat,butitcanalmostcertainlyusetheland

ithasinordertogrowplentyofrice.

ThiswasthegreatachievementofYuanLongping,whopassedawayonMay22this

year.AgreatChinesescientist,Yuansuccessfullydevelopedwhatisknownas

“hybridrice“whichcanproduceupa30%higheroutput.YuanLongpingwasborn

intheyear1930,atimewhenChinawasverydifferent.Itwasanation,without

modernindustry,dependingonthericewhichtheygrew.Thefirstfewdecades（十

年）ofhislifeweremetwithmajorsocialevents,andarapidlygrowingpopulation

thatmadefoodsupplynotlastallthetime.ThisexperienceleftitsmarkonYuan

Longping,whichmadehimfocuson（关注）farmingscienceandworkonhisresearch

ofhybridrice.

HisachievementwouldseethericesupplyinChinaincreasingfrom56.9million

tonsin1950to194.7milliontonsby2017.By1991,20%oftheworld'sriceoutput

camefromhybridrice,evenifonlybeingplantedin10%offields.

Alwaysremember,humandevelopmentbeginsfirstwiththemostbasicandsample

things,suchasdevelopingrice.Weshouldbethankfulforscientificthinkerslike

Yuan.

46.Whyisriceamainfoodaroundtheworld?

47.WhatdidYuandevelopsuccessfully?

48.WhenwasYuanLongpingborn?

49.