专题22.选择性必修第2册　Unit 1 Science and Scientists（教师版）-2023届高三英语总复习 （人教版2019）

Unit1ScienceandScientists目标导航目标导航重点词汇阅读单词1．frustratedadj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的2．germn．微生物；细菌；病菌3．pumpn．泵；抽水机；打气筒4．epidemiologyn．流行病学5．vaccinen．疫苗6．aerospacen．航空航天工业7．patrioticadj.爱国的8．contradictoryadj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的9．subscribevi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)10．householdn．一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人11．interventionn．介入；出面；干涉12．rawadj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的13．pureadj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的14．statisticn．[pl.]统计数字；统计资料；统计学15．microscopen．显微镜16．proteinn．蛋白质17．celln．细胞；小房间；单间牢房18．virusn．病毒19．frameworkn．框架；结构20．castvt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷21．rainbown．彩虹22．concreten．混凝土adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的23．mechanicn．机械师；机械修理工24．astronomern．天文学家25．telescopen．望远镜26．mechanicaladj.机械的；发动机的；机器的27．aviationn．航空制造业；航空；飞行28．jetn．喷气式飞机29．missilen．导弹30．tracevt.追溯；追踪；查出n．痕迹；遗迹；踪迹31．steadyadj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的32．astronomyn．天文学33．furthermoreadv.此外；再者重点单词1．severeadj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的2．multipleadj.数量多的；多种多样的3．suspectvt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象4．blamevt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责n．责备；指责5．handlen．把手；拉手；柄vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)6．linkn．联系；纽带vt.把……连接起来；相关联7．decreasen．减少；降低；减少量vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低8．transformvt.使改观；使改变形态vi.改变；转变9．thinkingn．思想；思维；见解10．findingn．发现；调查结果；(法律)判决11．solidadj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的n．固体12．shadown．阴影；影子；背光处13．pourvt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)14．leadershipn．领导；领导地位；领导才能15．outstandingadj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的16．abstractadj.抽象的；理性的n．(文献等的)摘要17．conceptn．概念；观念18．besidesprep.除……之外(还)adv.而且；此外19．brilliantadj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的20．faultn．弱点；过错21．shiftn．改变；转换；轮班vi.&vt.转移；挪动；转向22．vividadj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的词汇拓展1．infectionn．感染；传染→infectvt.使感染；传染2．proofn．证据；证明；检验→provevt.证明linkv．证明是3．substantialadj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的→substancen．物质；物品；事实根据4．initialadj.最初的；开始的；第一的→initiallyadv.起初5．defendvt.保卫；防守；辩解→defense/defencen．防御；保卫6．assistantn．助理；助手→assistvt.帮助；协助→assistancen．帮助；协助；援助7．giftedadj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→giftn．礼物；天赋重点词组1．onceandforall最终地；彻底地2．subscribeto同意；赞同3．thanksto幸亏；由于4．breakout(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发5．inchargeof主管；掌管6．comedown患(病)；染上(小病)7．aboveall最重要的是；尤其是重点句型1．Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeareddiseasesintheworld，untilaBritishdoctor，JohnSnow，showedhowitcouldbeovercome.在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。2．Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.他发现尤其在两条街道上的霍乱爆发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。3．Accordingly，hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.因此，他让人把水泵的把手去掉，这样水泵就用不成了。4．BorninHangzhouin1911，QianattendedschoolsinBeijingandthenenteredShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitytostudyRailwayMechanicalEngineering.钱学森1911年出生于杭州，在北京上学，后来考入上海交通大学，学习铁道机械工程。5．Hewaswillingtosaywhatotherswereafraidtosay，andtodreamofwhatotherswereafraidtodreamabout.他愿意说出别人不敢说的话，做别人不敢做的梦。知识精讲知识精讲知识点01subscribevi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)先练基础——一词多义写出下列句子中subscribeto的汉语意思(1)Hesubscribestotheviewthatwecantacklethesevereprobleminthiswayonceandforall.赞成；同意(2)Thisistheschoolyourfathersubscribedtogenerouslyinthepast.捐助(3)UsingthemoneyIearnedintheholiday，Ihavesubscribedtoseveralmagazinesrecently.订阅subscribeto同意；赞成；捐助；订阅(杂志或报纸)再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵(4)我们所有人都赞成这个观点，好的亲子关系是基于相互理解和尊重的。(应用文之人际关系)Allofussubscribetotheviewthatagoodparent-childrenrelationshipisbasedonmutualunderstandingandrespect.知识点2blamevt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责n．指责；责备先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Heblamedhiswifethefailureoftheirmarriage.(2)Heblamedthefailureoftheirmarriagehiswife.(3)Inhisview，hiswifeis(blame)forthefailureoftheirmarriage.【答案】1.for2.on3.toblamebetoblame(forsth.)(对某事)负有责任，应受责备blamesb.forsth.因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人blamesth.onsb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某事再提能力——完美写作·语段填空·背诵(4)当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责其他人。(写作话题之人际交往)Whengettingalongwithothers，weshouldn’talwaysblameothersformistakes.Afterall，manytimeswearetoblame.Soinsteadofblamingothers，weshouldcommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers’place.知识点3defendvt.保卫；防守；辩解先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Thelawallowspeopletodefendthemselvesacharge.(2)Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhandsasifdefence.【答案】1.from/against2.in•defend...against/from(doing...)保护……免受……defendoneself自卫；为自己辩护•defencen．防御；保卫indefence(of)保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护inone’sdefence为某人辩护再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵(3)看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。(读后续写之肢体动作描写)①Seeingthefiercesnake，herushedhissonlikeanarrow.(defend)②Seeingthefiercesnake，herushedhissonlikeanarrow.(defence)【答案】1.todefend2.indefenceof知识点4inchargeof负责/掌管(表状态)先练基础——一词多义写出下列句子中charge的汉语意思(1)Theoutstandingscientistisinchargeofhandlingthematter.负责(2)Iwillchargeyouonehundredyuanforrepairingyourcellphone.收费(3)Thepolicechargedthethiefwithstealingrawmaterialsinthecompany.控告(4)Thekind-heartedmechanichelpedchargemyphone.(给……)充电•chargen．费用；主管；看管；责任v．收费；控诉；要价；指控；充电•inthechargeof由……来负责；被……掌管takechargeof负责/看管(表动作)freeofcharge免费•charge(sb.)forsth.为……(向某人)收费/要价chargesb.with(doing)sth.指控某人(做)某事再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵(5)作为学生会主席，我被委派负责你在天津逗留期间的所有活动。(应用文之活动安排)①AschairmanoftheStudentAssociation，IwasappointedtoduringyourstayinTianjin.(takechargeof)②AschairmanoftheStudentAssociation，IwasappointedtoduringyourstayinTianjin.(inchargeof)【答案】1.takechargeofarrangingalltheactivities2.beinchargeofarrangingalltheactivities知识点5comedown(with...)染上；得了(……病)comeacross(偶然)遇见；碰见；被理解comeabout发生(无被动形式)comeon加油；到来；得了吧comeout出版；结果是；(花)开放whenitcomesto...当谈及……comeup走近；上来；被提及comeupwith提出；想出(主意、计划、回答等)能力提升——根据句意用come短语的正确形式填空(1)Pleasetellmehowtheaccident.(2)Myassistant’sfirstnovel，whichmademeproudofhim.(3)Englishlearning，Ihavethefollowingpracticalsuggestionstoshare.Firstly，whenyouunfamiliarwords，don’talwaysrefertothedictionary.Furthermore，whenteachers’questionsinclass，youshouldtrytoanswers.Lastly，ifyoufail，youmustsaytoyourself，“！”(应用文之建议信)【答案】1.cameabout2.cameout3.Whenitcomesto，comeacross，comeup，comeupwith，Comeon知识点6aboveall最重要的是；首先afterall毕竟；终究firstofall首先；第一allinall整体说来；总而言之inall全部；合计atall否定句一点也不；疑问句到底；究竟能力提升——根据句意用all短语的正确形式填空(1)TheuniversityIrecommendtoyouisBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversity.，you’dbetterlearnsomebasicChinesebeforeyoucome.，youwillbeundercompletelyunfamiliarcircumstances.，studyingforadegreeinadifferentcultureisnoteasy.(应用文之推荐信)(2)Thankstoyourtimelyhelp，Imanagedtohandlefourproblems.【答案】1.Firstofall/Aboveall，Afterall，Allinall，atall2.inall知识点7until引导的时间状语从句Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeareddiseasesintheworld，untilaBritishdoctor，JohnSnow，showedhowitcouldbeovercome.在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。•画线部分是由until引导的时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么这个主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定式，构成not...until...结构。•倒装结构：部分倒装“Notuntil＋谓语助动词＋主语＋谓语动词”。•强调结构：Itis/wasnotuntil＋时间从句或短语＋that＋主句部分。能力提升——完美写作·单句写作/一句多译·背诵(1)我将一直努力直到实现梦想。.(2)直到我经历了这场事故，我才明白坏运气有可能是正在等待开启的门。(读后续写之升华句)①Iwasn’tawarethatbadfortunemightbethedoorwaitingtobeopened.②badfortunemightbethedoorwaitingtobeopened.(倒装句)③badfortunemightbethedoorwaitingtobeopened.(强调句)【答案】1.IwillkeeptryinguntilIrealizemydream2.untilIexperiencedtheaccident3.ItwasnotuntilIexperiencedtheaccidentthatIwasawarethat知识点8so...that...Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.他发现尤其在两条街道上的霍乱爆发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Thisisabstractaconceptthatwecan’tunderstandit.＝Thisisanabstractconceptthatwecan’tunderstandit.(2)Mozartwasgiftedinmusicthathecomposedmanyoutstandingworks.(3)Theyarelittleboysandeatlittlefoodthatwealllovethemverymuch.【答案】1.so，such2.so3.such，soso/such...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”•so...that...句型的常见形式：so＋adj./adv.＋that...so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that...so＋many/much/few/little(少)＋n.＋that...•such...that...句型的常见形式：such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.＋that...such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...•当so/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵(4)他是如此紧张，以至于他感觉自己舌头打结，手心出汗。(读后续写之紧张心理描写)①Hewashefelthistonguetiedandpalmssweating.②hefelthistonguetiedandpalmssweating.(用倒装句改写)【答案】1.sonervousthat2.Sonervouswashethat知识点9havesth.doneAccordingly，hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.因此，他让人把水泵的把手去掉，这样水泵就用不成了。先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Ourmathteacherhadus(hand)inourhomeworkbefore9p．meveryday.(2)Don’tworry.I’llhavethearticle(type)andgetsomeonetosendittoyoutomorrow.(3)Hecouldnothaveher(get)awaywithtellingpeoplelies.【答案】1.hand2.typed3.gettinghavesth.done使某事被做；请人做某事；主语遭遇到某事havesb.dosth.让某人做某事havesb./sth.doingsth.让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态can’thavesb.doingsth.不能容忍某人做某事havesth.todo有事要做再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵(4)我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后让人把它们送到农民家里。(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)Webegantohelppickpeachesandthenhadthemdeliveredtothefarmers’houses.(5)既然你已经意识到你的时间是有限的，你必须更加努力学习以实现自己的目标。Nowthatyouhaverealizedthatyourtimeislimited，youmuststudyhardertohaveyourgoalachieved.语法语法精讲表语从句[观察例句]1．Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.2．Thequestioniswhowillbethesuccessfulapplicantforthesummerjobatthelawfirm.3．HerconfusioniswhethersheshouldsticktoherownwayoflifeorfollowtheAmericanway.4．WhatJohnSnowwasdeterminedtofindoutwaswhythe1854outbreakofcholerainLondoncouldhavecausedover500deathswithintendays.5．Takingayearofffromschooltotravelabroadiswhatisgenerallycalledagapyear.[归纳用法]1．所有例句中的黑体部分都位于系动词be后，作表语，故都是表语从句，这些表语从句在词性上相当于一个名词。2．例1由从属连词that引导；例2由连接代词who引导；例3由从属连词whether引导；例4由连接副词why引导；例5由连接代词what引导。表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。表语从句就是指一个句子作为表语，说明主语是什么或者怎么样。一般结构为“主语＋系动词＋表语从句”。可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，remain，seem等。1．从属连词that引导的表语从句从属连词that的用法：①无意义②不充当成分③不可省略Thereasonforhisabsenceisthathehasn'tbeeninformed.他缺席的原因是他没接到通知。Mysuggestionisthatweshouldtellhim.我的建议是我们应该告诉他。2．从属连词whether引导的表语从句Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney.关键在于我们是否应该借钱给他。[名师点津]if不能引导表语从句。3．连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.问题是谁才真正适合做这份艰苦的工作。ThisiswhatIaminterestedin.这就是我所感兴趣的。That'swhereIfirstmether.那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。4．because，asif/though等引导的表语从句It'sjustbecausehedoesn'tknowher.这仅仅是因为他不认识她。NowitseemsasthoughshehadknownMillieforyears.现在好像她认识米莉已有好多年了似的。Itsoundsasifsomeoneisknockingatthedoor.听起来好像有人在敲门。[即学即练1]用where，when，that填空①Lookatthehighmountain.Thatiswewillget.②Thefirsttimewemeteachotherwaswestudiedinthatschool.③Myadviceiswe(should)worktogether.【答案】1.where2.when3.that5．why和because引导的表语从句的区别That'swhy...意为“那是……的原因”，强调结果That'sbecause...意为“那是因为……”，强调原因Ididn'tphoneher，andthat'swhyshegotangrywithme.(强调“没打电话”这一结果)我没有给她打电话。那就是她对我生气的原因。Ididn'tphoneher，andthat'sbecauseIgotangrywithher.(强调“生气”这一原因)我没有给她打电话。那是因为我生她的气了。[名师点津]reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，不宜用because。6．表语从句中的虚拟语气在表语从句中，表示间接的命令、要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是：advice，suggestion，proposal，request，order，idea等，从句谓语形式是“should＋动词原形”(should可以省略)。Myadviceisthatyou(should)practisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.我的建议是你应该尽可能经常地练习说英语。[即学即练2]用why，that，because填空①Itwasraininghard；thatwasIcamelate.②Icamelate；thatwasitwasraininghard.③ThereasonwhyIcamelatewasitwasraininghard.【答案】1.why2.because3.thatⅠ.单句语法填空1．Hegotcaughtintheheavytraffic.Thatwashewaslate.2．Energyismakesthingswork.3．Wedidn'tsetout；itwaswewantedtowaituntilourmothercameback.4．Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.5．Ashipinharborissafe，butthat'snotshipsarebuiltfor.6．ThetroubleisIcan'tfindmyway.7．Whathewantstoknowiswecanfinishourworkbytomorrowmorning.8．ThereasonwhyIwassadwashedidn'tunderstandme.9．Thatiswearelookingforwardto.10．Donotletanyfailuresdiscourageyou，foryoucannevertellcloseyoumaybetovictory.【答案】1.why2.what3.because4.that5.what6.that7.whether8.that9.what10.howⅡ.完成句子1．简再也不是十年前的那个样子了。Janeisnolongertenyearsago.2．我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是为什么我写信发表我自己观点的原因。IreadaboutyourreformoftheschoolEnglishnewspaper，andthat's．3．问题是他们是否能帮我们。Thequestionis．4．那是因为他没有理解我。Thatwas．5．事实就是我们队已经赢得了比赛。Thefactis．【答案】1.whatshewas2.whyI'mwritingtovoicemyopinion3.whethertheywillbeabletohelpus4.becausehedidn'tunderstandme5.thatourteamhaswonthegame写作园地写作园地表达个人观点类作文表达个人观点类文章实际上大多数是议论文，有时是夹叙夹议类文章。写好该类作文要注意以下要点：1．观点鲜明，文章一定要有一个明确的中心论点。2．层次分明，一个中心论点通常有几个分论点支持，层次要分明，过渡要自然。3．最后一段一般要总结全文，得出一个符合逻辑的结论，突出中心思想。4．通常采用一般现在时。5．语言简洁有力，一般不采用口语。[基本框架]1．开头——开门见山，说明主题，并表明个人观点。2．主体——从不同的角度给出详细的论据支持。3．结尾——得出结论或重新强调自己的观点。[常用词块]1．attachgreatimportanceto高度重视2．playavitalpartin在……中起重要作用3．makeoutstandingcontributionsto对……做出杰出贡献4．servethesociety服务社会5．frommypointofview依我之见6．awisechoice一个明智的选择7．supporttheopinion支持这个观点8．opposetheopinion反对这个观点9．thefollowingthreereasons以下三个原因10．becomemoreandmorepopular变得越来越受欢迎[常用语句]1．Theyholdthebeliefthatthehistoricalplaysareattractiveandeasytounderstand.他们认为这些历史剧有吸引力，容易理解。2．AsfarasIamconcerned，Ilikereadingbooks，becausebookstellmethetruthandencourageustouseourimagination.就我而言，我喜欢读书，因为书告诉我真相，鼓励我们使用我们的想象力。3．However，everycoinhastwosides.然而，任何事物都有两面性。4．Afterall，noteveryonedarestofacerealitybravely.毕竟，不是每个人都敢勇敢地面对现实。5．Somestudentssupporttheopinion.Otherstudentsopposetheopinion.一些学生支持这个观点。其他学生反对这个观点。6．Thereareatleastthreegoodpointsofshoppingonline.网上购物至少有三点好处。7．Suchasituationshouldbechangedtogivestudentsbothpleasureandknowledge.这种情况应该改变，以便给予学生乐趣和知识。8．Inmyopinion，Iprefershoppingonline，becausegoingshoppingisakindofenjoyinglifeformeandIcanalsogetwhatIreallywant.在我看来，我更喜欢网上购物，因为购物对我来说是享受生活，我也可以得到我真正想要的东西。每年，国家科学技术奖励大会都会在北京人民大会堂隆重举行，届时党和国家领导人会为获奖的科学家颁奖。请你围绕以下要点谈谈你的个人看法。1．党和政府为什么如此重视科技事业的发展；2．作为一名高中生，你应该如何去做。注意：1.词数80左右；2．短文要求包含所有要点，但不要逐条翻译；3．可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯；4．开头已为你写好，但不计入总词数。Everyyear，theNationalScience­TechnologyAwardCeremonyisheldintheGreatHallofthePeople.[参考范文]Everyyear，theNationalScience­TechnologyAwardCeremonyisheldintheGreatHallofthePeople.Atthattime，thetopleadersofourcountryawardmedalstoscientistswhoachievethosegoals.It'sclearthatthegovernmentattachesgreatimportancetoscienceandtechnology.There'snodoubtthatscienceandtechnologyplayavitalpartinacountry'sdevelopment.Thosewhoreceivetheawardsdeservethembecause，throughyearsofhardwork，theyhavemadeoutstandingcontributionstoourcountry.Chinaneedsmorescientistsandinventorslikethem.Asaseniorschoolstudent，I'lltrymybesttolearnallmysubjectswellsoastoservethesocietyaswellasourcountry.分层提分分层提分题组A基础过关练Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题1分，共9分)1．Judgingfromwhathesaid，Ihimtobethethiefstealingmyelectricbike.2．byhisteacher，theboywasfrustratedandcouldn’tconcentrateonhisstudy.3．I’moldenoughtomyownaffairswithoutmyparents’intervention.4．Thenumberofnewstudentsinthisschoolfrom2,100to1,600thisyear.5．Yearsofhardworktheyoungmanintoapoorweakoldman.6．He(同意)totheviewthatchildrencanbenefitfrombeingindependent.7．Asisknowntousall，LangLangisa(有天赋的)pianistandattractslotsofattentionathomeandabroad.8．Wethoughtitwouldmakeadifferenceinhelpinghimstepoutofthe(阴影)ofthataccident.9．Whatimpressedmemostwashis(生动的)descriptionofwhathappenedjustnow.【答案】1.suspected2.Blamed3.handle4.decreased5.transformed6.subscribes7.gifted8.shadow9.vividⅡ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共8分)10．Withsolid，thelawyercancertainlythatheisinnocent.(prove)11．，Ientirelyknewaboutthestepstheytooktocreateabettercampus.(initial)12．Thetravelermayfireatawildbeastin(defend)ofhimselfincaseheisattacked.13．He，an，cametomy；thatistosay，hemeinfinishingtheimpossibletaskontime.(assist)【答案】10.proof，prove11.Initially，initial12.defence/defense13.assistant，assistance，assistedⅢ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)14．如果你遇到不懂的东西，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。(until引导的时间状语从句)Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething，youmayresearch，studyandtalktootherpeople.15．每天坚持写学习日记是如此重要，所以我想把这种学习方法介绍给你们。(so...that...)Keepingalearningdiaryeverydayis.16．我需要一个新护照，因此我得照张照片。(havesth.done)Ineedanewpassport，soIwillhaveto.17．由于专心绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。(过去分词短语作状语)，Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.18．我们老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。(宾语从句)Ourteachersalwaystellustobelieveifwewanttosucceed.【答案】14.untilyoufigureitout15.soimportantthatIwouldliketointroduceittoyou16.havemyphotographtaken17.Absorbedinpainting18.whatwedoandwhoweare题组B能力提升练请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：表语从句)eq\x(blame，inchargeof，link，comedown，handle，decrease)SincethesevereCOVID-19brokeout，manypeopleallovertheworldhavebeeninfected.Chineseoutstanding，giftedandpatrioticspecialistsinepidemiologyandtheirassistantshavebeen1.tracingthesourceofthevirusinordertodefendmorepeoplefrombeingkilled.Theydesiredtoproducevaccineto2.thedeadlydiseaseonceandforall.Initially，withconcreteproofcollected，theysuspectedthatwildbatswereto3..Butbyobservingtheviruswithmicroscopes，theygatheredsolidandmultiplestatisticsandmasteredtheframeworkofthevirus，whichgraduallytransformedtheirinitialthinking.Allthefindingsmadethemsubscribetotheideathattheviruswasnotdirectly4.tothebats，whichmadethebrilliantexpertsfrustrated.Thisalsocastashadowontheexperts，sotheyhadtoshifttowardshowtopreventthevirusfromspreadingamongpeople.Aboveall，thelesswegoout，thelesslikelywewill5.withthedeadlydisease.Furthermore，takinginlessproteinandeatingmorevegetablesaregoodchoicesaswell.Lastbutnotleast，whatweshoulddoisthatwemustwearmasksoutdoors.Thankstotheseinterventions，thethreatofCOVID-19inChinasawasubstantial6..Whatwehaveexperiencedhastaughtustoleadahealthylifesuchasdrinkingpureorboiledwaterandavoidrawfoods.Inconclusion，underourmotherland’sleadership，wehaveachievedsteadysuccess.【答案】1.edown6.decrease题组C培优拔尖练Ⅰ.完形填空[一]AheroicguynamedPhilipBlanks，aformerhighschoolfootballplayer，saveda3-year-oldboyfallingfromathird-floorapartmentinPhoenix，Arizona.Thiswidereceiver(接球员)probablycaughtthebest1inhislife!Whileplayingfootballinhighschool，hesurelydidn’timaginethathis2willsavealifeoneday.The3incidenthappenedon3rdJuly,2020andavideoshotbyabystander(旁观者)4theentireincident.AnapartmentinPhoenixcaughtfireandinthemidstofrisingflames，amotherwas5hersonfromthethird-floorbalconytosavehimfromthefire.Themother，alreadyonfire，remained6insideanddidn’tsurvive，butshemadetheultimate7ofsavingherchildfromtheawfulfire.Whenthefire8，Blankswasatafriend’sapartmentinthesamebuilding.9heheardalotofscreaming.Peoplestandingoutsidethebuildingwere10thattheburningbuildingstillhadpeopleinit.Blanksdidn’t11torunaheadandcatchthefallingchild.Itwasalmostlikeaninstinctforhim.Whenhesawthechildtwirlingdownfromthethird-floorbalcony，heimmediatelyhadatunnel12.Allhecouldseeforthemomentwasthe13.Blanksmanagedtocatchtheboy14fellonhisside，whichdamagedthechild’sfoot.Blanksranawayfromthesiteimmediatelywiththechildinhisarms.Itwasquitea(n)15tasktocatchachildfallingfromabuilding.Butthisheroicguymadeitpossible.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了PhilipBlanks挽救了一名从燃烧的公寓三楼掉下来的孩子，并且整个过程被旁观者全部拍摄了下来。1．A.breath B．sight C．ride D．catchD【解析】breath呼吸；sight视力，视野；ride旅行；catch接球。根据上文“aformerhighschoolfootballplayer”和“Thiswidereceiver(接球员)”可推知，PhilipBlanks曾经是一名橄榄球运动员，此处将孩子比喻成“球”，被Blanks接到。故选D项。2．A.resources B．questions C．skills D．possessionsC【解析】句意为：当PhilipBlanks在学校玩橄榄球时，他肯定没想到自己的技能在某一天能够挽救一个生命。resource资源；question问题；skill技能；possession财产。故选C项。3．A.tragic B．domestic C．famous D．mysteriousA【解析】句意为：这个悲惨的事故发生在2020年的7月3日，并且整个事件过程被旁观者抓拍。tragic悲惨的；domestic国内的；famous著名的；mysterious神秘的。故选A项。4．A.captured B．caused C．handled D．hatchedA【解析】capture拍摄，捕获；cause引起；handle处理；hatch孵化。根据上文“avideoshotbyabystander(旁观者)”可知，一名旁观者录制了视频，拍下了PhilipBlanks救人的整个过程。故选A项。5．A.pulling B．throwing C．bathing D．feedingB【解析】句意为：在菲尼克斯的一间公寓发生了火灾，在升起的火焰中，一位母亲为挽救她的儿子，将孩子从三楼的阳台上扔了下去。pull推；throw扔；bath洗澡；feed喂养。故选B项。6．A.seated B．focused C．stuck D．hiddenC【解析】句意为：这位母亲仍陷在火场里面，没有活下来，但是她做出最后的牺牲来挽救她的孩子。seat就座；focus集中；stick插入，陷入；hide隐藏。故选C项。7．A.conclusion B．compromise C．suggestion D．sacrificeD【解析】句意见上题解析。conclusion总结；compromise妥协；suggestion建议；sacrifice牺牲。故选D项。8．A.lookedup B．turnedup C．wentout D．brokeoutD【解析】句意为：当火灾爆发的时候，PhilipBlanks在同一栋楼里的朋友家。lookup查阅；turnup出现，露面；goout外出，熄灭；breakout爆发。故选D项。9．A.Eventually B．suddenly C．Randomly D．OriginallyB【解析】句意为：突然，他听见许多尖叫声。eventually最后；suddenly突然；randomly随意地；originally原始地。故选B项。10．A.shouting B．objecting C．signaling D．advocatingA【解析】句意为：站在公寓外的人们大喊“燃烧的公寓里还有人”。shout大喊；object反对；signal发信号，示意；advocate拥护，支持。故选A项。11．A.refuse B．hesitate C．demand D．promiseB【解析】句意为：Blanks毫不犹豫就朝前跑去，接住那个掉落的孩子。refuse拒绝；hesitate犹豫；demand要求；promise允诺。根据下文“Itwasalmostlikeaninstinctforhim.”可知，PhilipBlanks像出于本能一样来做这件事，即他没有犹豫。故选B项。12．A.floor B．wall C．vision D．systemC【解析】句意为：当他看见孩子从三楼阳台上掉下来的时候，他立即集中注意力。floor地板；wall墙；vision视力，视野；system系统。故选C项。13．A.child B．mother C．balcony D．tunnelA【解析】句意为：那一刻他所能看见的就是孩子。child孩子；mother母亲；balcony阳台；tunnel地下通道。故选A项。14．A.so B．or C．and D．butD【解析】句意为：Blanks设法接住了孩子，但是侧身摔倒了，伤了孩子的脚。so因此；or或者；and并且；but但是。故选D项。15．A.critical B．fundamental C．impossible D．unpleasantC【解析】critical批判的；fundamental根本的，基础的；impossible不可能的；unpleasant令人不快的。根据下文“Butthisheroicguymadeitpossible.”可知这个英勇的人让这件事变成可能，与前文形成对比。故选C项。[二]JarrettLittlewasroadtestinghismountainbikeoutsideofColumbus，Georgia，whenhisridingpartner，ChrisDixon，stoppedsuddenly.Something1inthedistanceamongthetreeshadcaughtherattention.It2outtobeasandy-coloredfive-month-oldpuppy.“Hewasreallythin，hisribswereshowing，andhehadabrokenleg，”LittletoldJohnParks，areporterfromCBSNews.Thecyclists3thefriendlypupandsharedtheirwater.Theyalsoquicklyrealizedthatthedogwascomingwiththem，althoughtheyhadnoideahow.Theyweremorethansevenmilesfromdowntownandridingbikes.“Wecouldn’t4him，”Littlesaid.“Outthere，nexttotheOxbowMeadows，hewasgoingto5asthefoodofalligatorslivingintheriver.”Little，a31-year-oldbusinessman，hadanidea.Hecarefullypickeduphisnew6andslippedthe38-pounddog’shindlegsintothebackpocketsofhiscyclingcoat.Thenheputthedog’sfrontpaws7hisshoulders.“Hewas8，sohewasn’ttryingtofight，”Littlesaid.“Hewasalso9thatwewerethere，touchinghim，andhadn’tlefthimbehind.”Thegroup’s30-minute10intotownendedatabikestore，wheretheygotmorewaterandfoodforthedog.ThatwaswhenAndreaShaw，anaccountantfromMaineintownonbusiness，happenedtocomeby.“Thedograntoherstraight，lickingandrubbingagainsther，”saidDixon.Shawwasalittlesurprised.11，learningwhathadhappened，shedeclaredher12，“Iamkeepingthisdog.”ShawcalledhimColumboafterthetownwherethey’d13andscheduledan14onhisleg.TodayColumboislivingahappylifeonafarmwithahorse，apony，asix-year-oldboy，tokeephimcompany.AsDixontoldJohnParks，“Heisliterallythe15dogalive.”语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了JarrettLittle和搭档去测试山地自行车时，发现一条腿受伤的小狗。他们把它带回市中心，碰巧遇到了Shaw女士，小狗和Shaw很投缘，所以Shaw决定养它，并以这个小镇的名字给小狗取名。1．A.jumping B．moving C．yelling D．flyingB【解析】句意为：远处某个在树丛中移动的东西引起了她的注意。jump跳过；move移动；yell叫喊；fly飞。故选B。2．A.came B．ran C．turned D．foundC【解析】句意为：原来是一条五个月大的浅棕色小狗。comeout出版，发行；runout用完，耗尽；turnout结果是，原来是；findout查明。故选C。3．A.fed B．seized C．picked D．caughtA【解析】句意为：这两个骑行者喂了这条小狗，并把他们的水分享给它喝。feed喂养；seize抓住；pick挑选，选择；catch抓住。故选A。4．A.leave B．take C．possess D．saveA【解析】句意为：Little说：“我们不能丢下它。”leave留下，丢下；take带走；possess拥有；save挽救。故选A。5．A.giveup B．eatup C．endup D．lookupC【解析】句意为：它最终将成为生活在河里的鳄鱼的食物。giveup放弃；eatup吃光；endup最终成为；lookup查找。故选C。6．A.gift B．friend C．coat D．bikeB【解析】句意为：他小心地抱起他的新朋友，把这只38磅重的狗的后腿塞进他的骑行服的后口袋里。gift礼物；friend朋友；coat外套；bike自行车。故选B。7．A.around B．against C．beyond D．overD【解析】句意为：然后把狗的前爪搭在他的肩膀上。around围绕；against紧靠，倚着；beyond超过，越过；over在……上面。故选D。8．A.abandoned B．beaten C．bound D．injuredD【解析】句意为：它受伤了，所以它不想抗争。abandoned被遗弃的；beaten被打败的；bound一定的；injur