2021年高三英语一模试题及答案解析

2021年高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AInformationonschoolvisitstoKewGardensEnjoyyourselvesinawonderlandofsciencewithover50,000livingplantsandavarietyofeducationaleventsoramusingactivities.HereisessentialinformationaboutplanningaschoolvisittoKew.EducationalcoursepricesYoucanplanaself-ledvisitorbookoneofoureducationalcourses.Studentswilltakepartintheeducationalcoursesingroupsof15.Pricesvaryaccordingtodifferentsituations.EYFS（EarlyYearsFoundationStage）toKeyStage4:45-minutecourse:35/group90-minutecourse:70/groupKeyStage5:Halfday（onecourse）:80/groupFullday（twocourses）:160/groupTeachersandadults:Uptorequiredkeystageproportions（比例）:FreeAdultsneededfor1:1specialeducationalneedssupport:FreeAdultsabovetherequiredproportions:11/personThepaymentwillduewithin28calendardaysofmakingthebooking.HealthandsafetyRequiredsupervising（监护）adult-studentproportions:KeyStage1:1:5KeyStage2:1:8Keystage3:1:10KeyStage4:1:12KeyStage5:1:12Thegroupsizesshouldbecontrolledifyouarevisitingpotentiallybusyareassuchastheglasshouseandotherattractions.Themaximumnumberofstudentsvisitingtheglasshousesis15pergroupandeachgrouptoKewshopsshouldincludenomorethan10students.Ifthereisanemergency,pleasecontactthenearestKewstaffmemberorcallConstabularyon0208323333fordirectandquicksupport.Pleasedonotcall999.PlanningyourvisitYourticketsandtwoplanningpasseswillbesenttoyouuponreceiptofyourpayment.Youcancompleteyourriskassessmentwiththepasses,ensureyoubringyourticketsandthereceiptdocumentandshowthemtothestaffmembersatthegateonthedayofyourvisit.RecommendedtimingsTheKewGardensopensat10am.Youarerecommendedtospendatleastthreetofivehoursonyourvisit.Theclosingtimevariesthroughouttheyear.Buttheearliestis3:30pm.Wehaveafixedscheduleforeducationalcourses,whichisfrom10:30amto2:20pm.Howmuchshouldagroupof15KeyStageIstudentsand4teacherspayfora45-minutecourse?A.35 B.46 C.57 D.81Whatshouldonedoinanemergency?A.Checktheriskassessment.B.Call999immediately.C.Askadultsorteachersforhelp.D.Seekhelpfromthestaffmembernearby.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.TointroduceKewGardens.B.TogivetipsonvisitingKewGardens.C.ToattractpotentialvisitorstoKewGardens.D.ToinformcomingactivitiesinKewGardens.BSinceIwasbornandbroughtupinaruraltown,Ihaveagreatinterestinnature.Usingthechanceofstudyingabroadinmysecondyearatcollege,IdecidedtogotoCanadajustbecauseIwantedtoseethebeautifulphenomenathereSoafterIfinishedthestudyprogram,IwenttoYellowknifeintheNorthwestTerritories.IclearlyrememberthesixthnightinYellowknife.Suddenlymyhostmothercametomyroomaround8p.m.andtoldmetochangeclothesandgooutsidequicklycarryinghercamera.Thenorthernlightswereflickering（闪烁）inthesky!Iwasshockedandjuststoodtherewithmymouthopen.Iforgottotakepicturesofthemysteriouslights.Sincethatnight,wheneveritwassunny,Iwentoutsideatnightandlookedatthesky.ItwassocoldthatIlostallfeelinginmyhandsandfeet.AsItookpicturesofthenorthernlights,Icametofindacharacteristicmovementofthelights.Theyfirstappearinthenorthpartoftheskyandthentheygraduallycomedowntothesouthpartofthesky.Afterthat,suddenly,theycomeinthemiddleofthenorthandsouthonlyforawhile,whichisthetimewhenthebestnorthernlightscanbeseen.Sinceitisonlyafewsecondsforthenorthernlightstocomedowntothemiddleofthesky,itisveryhardtogetgoodpictures.Thestrongerthesunacts,thebetterandstrongerthenorthernlightsflickerinthesky.That’sbecausetheycomeaboutfromthecollisions（碰撞）betweenatmosphericgasesandthesolarwind.Muchmoresolarwindcomestotheearthwhenthesunisactive,whichleadstothebestnorthernlights.Andthecolor1softhenorthernlightsdependontheheightofthecollisionsandthekindsofgases.Whydidthehostmotherasktheauthortogoout?Shewantedtotakeapictureofhim.Shewantedtotakeawalkwithhim.Shewantedtotellhimsomethingimportant.Shewantedhimtoseethenorthernlights.Theauthorforgottotakepicturesaftergoingoutbecause .thehostmotherdidn’tremindhimtotakethecamerahewasshockedbythewonderfulsightthelightsflickeringintheskydisappearedtoosoonhelostallfeelinginhishandsandfeetWhenisthebesttimetoseethenorthernlights?Whentheyappearinthenorthpartofthesky.Whentheycomedowntothesouthpartofthesky.Whentheyarebetweenthenorthandsouth.Whentheyriseintheeastpartofthesky.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?Waystotakegoodpictures.Therelationshipbetweenthesunandthenorthernlights.C.Thecolor1softhenorthernlights.D.Thetimeofthebestnorthernlights.RichardCampbellisasecondaryschoolstudent.Heis15yearsold.HelivesinasmalltowninthenorthofEngland.Everymorning,hegetsupateighto’clock,putsonhisuniformandwalkstoschool.Onehourlater,thelessonsstart.Thestudentsusuallystudymaths,English,historyandgeographyinthemorning.Theyusuallystudymusicanddrawingandtheyplaysportsafterlunch.Theyhaveaten-minutebreakbetweenclasses.Theyalsospendalongtimeintheschoollibrary,readingbooksanddoingtheirhomework.Richardlikeshisschoolverymuch.HisfavouritesubjectsareEnglishandgeography,buthedoesn’tlikemathsbecauseheisnotgoodatit.Richardandallhisfriendsspendthewholedayatschool.Lunchisatoneo’clock.Hedoesn’tlikethefoodthattheschoolserves.Thisiswhyheoftenbringsapackedlunchfromhome.Healwayshashislunchinthedininghall,butsomeofhisfriendssometimeseatinthecourtyardoroutsidetheschoolgate.Atweekends,healwaysgoesoutwithhisfriendsbecausehedoesn’tgotoschool.OnSaturday,healwaysgoestothecinemaortothesportscentre.OnSunday,hejustgoesforawalkwithhisdog.WhattimedoRichard’slessonsbegininthemorning?A.At8:00. B.At8:30.C.At9:00. D.At9:10.WhatdoesRichardlikebest?A.MathsandEnglish. B.Englishandgeography.C.Historyandmaths. D.Geographyandhistory.WheredoesRichardhavelunchonweekdays?A.Inthedininghall. B.Athome.C.Inthecourtyard. D.Outsidehisschoolgate.WhatdoesRichardalwaysdoonSaturday?Hereadsanddoeshomework.Hegoestoseefilmsordoessports.Hewalkshisdogordoesexercise.Hespendsalongtimeinthelibrary.DKidsages6to13inCapeTown,SouthAfrica,reallydodiglearningatschool!WiththehelpoftheEarthchildProject,whichisofferedinschoolsintwotownships,studentsmakeworm（蠕虫）farms.Thewormsbreakdownfoodwasteandmakethesoilricher.Kidsgrowseedlings（幼苗）incontainersandlearnabouttheimportanceofgoodnutrition.Theschoolprogramalsooffersyoga（瑜伽）.Teachersfindthattheexerciseshelpstudentsfocusbetter.ThestudentsenjoyEarthchildactivities.“Thechildrengetssoexcited”,saysteacherVuyelwaRola.“Thesocietyweareinhasalotofnoise.WhenstudentsaretakingpartintheEarthchildProject,theyfeelcalm.”DirectorJannaKretzmarcameupwiththeideafortheprojectin2005.ShereadaboutschoolsinIndiathatinvolvedkidsinyogaandlearningoutsidetheclassroom.ShedevelopedtheEarthchildProjecttooffersimilaractivitiesinCapeTownschools.“WehopetheEarthchildProjectcanhelpstudentsfindsolutionstoallthechallengestheyarefacingintheworldtoday,”Kretzmarsaid.“Thebestplacetocreatechangeiswiththeyouth,througheducation.”TheEarthchildProjectcombinesschoolworkwithhiking,gardening,healthyliving,andyoga.“Weneedmorethanjustmathandsciencetobecomehappy,healthy,inspired,andactivecitizensofourcommunities,”saysKretzmar.InsomecommunitiesinCapeTown,childrenliveinpoverty.Theymustwalklongdistancestogetcleandrinkingwater.Lifeishard.ButaccordingtotheEarthchildProject’sCarlyAppleby,theprojectworkstogivehopetoeverychild.“Studentswhohavehope,”shesays,“aimforbiggergoals”.Whatdostudentsbenefitfromyoga?Ithelpsthemcalmdown.Ithelpsthemconcentrate.Theycanlearnsomelivingskills.Theycanlearnabouttheimportanceofnutrition.Whatarestudents’attitudetowardstheEarthchildProject?A.Uncaring. B.Doubtful.C.Supportive. D.Negative.WhatdoyouknowabouttheEarthchildProject?Itwasfoundedin2005.Itonlyoffersoutsideactivities.TheideacameupbyVuyelwaRola.Itisaimedathelpingstudentsfindsolutionstochallenges.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?HardLifeinSouthAfrica.Students’schoollifeinCapeTown.HopefromEarthchildProjectinCapeTown.ThedifferencesbetweentraditionallessonsandEarthchildProject.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项You’refacedwithalotofdecisionsineverydaywork.Therearemultipletaskscallingforyourfocus,andyouareburningdaylightorevenburnouttryingtodecidewhatcomesfirst.___16___Ifyou’regoingtothinksmarterabouthowyouprioritize（排序）tasks,youhavetoinvestalittletimeawayfromyourto-dolist.Here’sthething:whatyouworkonconfirmsyourvalues.Youmaythinkit’snobigthingtoworkovertimeforalittlewhile,butsomethingwillbesacrificedwiththisdecision.Ifyou’reaparent,youmightspendlesstimewithyourkids.Similarly,ifyouchoosenottoworkmuchoreffectively,you’redecidingthatyourvalueslieoutsideyourcareer.___17___Writeallthetasksdownandcreatefourboxescontainingallofthingsyoucareabout.Thiscouldbe:helpsthecommunity,helpsone-to-onerelationships,makesmoney,andthingsyoufindpersonallyfulfilling.Thenplacethemintheboxesandseehowmanyoftheboxeseachonetakesup.Anythingthatfillsjustoneboxhastobereconsidered.Anythingthatfillsnothingshouldnotbeconsideredatall.___18___Fromhere,therestoftheprioritizationgetsalittleeasier.Younowhaveabetterideawheretheeffortsarereallypayingoff.Youalsoknowwhenyouarewastingyourowntime.Inordertofigureoutaplanforyourself,thefirstthingyoushouldbedoingisgatheringallofyourtasks,largeandsmall. 19 Otherpeoplearecountingonyouoryourfutureselfwilldependonthemsomehow.Theseareactuallyeasiertoprioritize.Thenbreakdownlargetasksintosmallerpieces.Thathelpsputthingsinorder.Partofthereasonwedothesmallthingsfirstisthatbeingproductivefeelsgood.Acknowledgingaccomplishmentsmakesyoumorelikelytokeepgoingandpushesyouthroughthemorecomplicatedtasks.___20___Noticewhenyourenergylevelsarehighandwhentheyareweak.Beawarewhenyou’remoreproductiveforsocialactivitiesandwhenyou’rebetteroff.Themoreyoustudyyourself,theeasierplanningbecomes.Nowthatyouhaveyourprioritiesinorder,goaheadandyouwillboostyourproductivity.Youcanalsoprioritizebasedonenergylevels.Thegoodnewsisthatsometaskscankeepyoumotivated.Sohowcanyoufigureoutwhat’smostimportanttoworkonfirst?Thisactivityallowsyoutoseewhereyoureallywanttoinvestyourenergy.Ifyouwanttomakeanewlist,youneedtoturntoyourcolleaguesforhelp.Therearesometasksthatareprettystraightforwardandyouneedtodothething.Whereyouinvestyourtimeisnotjustaboutwhatyouvaluebutalsowhatyoudon’tvalue.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Afteratornadotoucheddowninasmalltownnearby,allthelocalnewspaperscarriedmanystoriesonfamilieswhosufferedthehardest.Aparticularphotoespecially___21___me.Ayoungwomanstoodinfrontofa___22___mobilehome,togetherwithayoungboyandatinygirlstandingbeforetheruins,eyeswidewith___23___andfear.Thiswouldbeagood___24___toteachmychildrentohelpthoseless___25___thanthemselves.Iheldthe___26___tomyseven-year-oldtwins,BradandBreit,andtothree-year-oldMeghan.“These___27___peoplenowhavenothing,”Isaid,“Weare___28___tosharewhatwehavewiththem”.Ibroughtthreelargeboxesandaskedtheboysto___29___someoftheirlessfavoritethings.Theboys 30 thetoystheyhadchosenintooneoftheboxes 31 Ifilledthethirdboxwithclothes.Meghan 32 quietlyandthenwalkedupwithLucy,her33butmuch-loveddollhuggedtightlytoher 34 “Oh,honey,”Isaid,“Youlovehersomuch.”“Lucymakesmehappy.Maybeshe'llmakethat 35 girlhappy,too.”Havingwatchedtheirbabysister,Bradbroughtoneofhisfavoriteactionfigures,andBret 36 someofhisprizedmatch-boxcarsfromhisroom.Takingthecuefrommylittleone,I 37 myoldjacketfromtheboxofclothes.I 38 itwiththenewgreenoneboughtlastweek.True 39 isgivingwhatyoucherishmost.I,whohad 40 toteach,hadbeentaught.21.A.puzzledB.excitedC.touchedD.disappointed22.A.decoratedB.protectedC.repairedD.destroyed23.A.confusionB.amazementC.delightD.excitement24.A.experienceB.eventC.purposeD.chance25.A.thankfulB.confidentC.hopefulD.lucky26.A.storyB.boxC.pictureD.clothes27.A.poorB.wealthyC.unhealthyD.injured28.A.warnedB.expectedC.orderedD.forced29.A.takeupB.takeawayC.giveawayD.giveup30.A.kickedB.placedC.storedD.slid31.A.soB.sinceC.untilD.while32.A.sleptB.spokeC.watchedD.moved33.A.valuableB.wornC.prettyD.broken34.A.chestB.legC.armD.head35.A.goodB.littleC.kindD.shy36.A.hidB.borrowedC.fetchedD.supplied37.A.removedB.caughtC.heldD.left38.A.comparedB.changedC.addedD.replaced39.A.sharingB.belongingC.trustD.friendship40.A.managedB.meantC.failedD.refused第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Seniorcitizensarethefirsttocometoourmindwhenwethinkofhearingloss,butinarecentreport,hearingprofessionalsworryteenagerswillsoonoutnumberagingadultswhenitcomestolivingwithhearingloss.Inrecentyears,theriseinpopularityofpersonalaudiodevicesfromiPodstosmartphones___41.___(have)dangerouseffectontheearsofthosewhousethemmost,teenagers!AresearchconductedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationfindsnearly50%ofteenshavefallenintothehabitofexposingthemselvestounsafelevelsofsoundsofarand___42.___theyhavebeenfacedwithhearingloss.Asound 43. isconsideredunsafegoesbeyond85decibels(分贝).Atthatlevel,ittakesjust8hoursoflisteningoveryourlifetimetocausedamage.Thelouderthesoundis,the 44. (little)timeittakestocausedamage.Becausehearinglossis 45. (typical)consideredahealthproblemfortheelderly,itisdifficulttoconvincealreadystubbornteenagersthattheyreallyaredoingdamage 46. theirears.Youngadults 47. (expose)toloudnoiseoveraperiodoftimemayhavesomehearinglosssymptoms.Their 48. (able)tolearniscompromised,andtheymayhavedifficultydevelopingsocialskills.Inanefforttohelpteensbetterprotecttheirhearing,wesuggest 49. (set)volumelimitsonpersonalaudiodevices.Also, 50. isnodoubtthatitisgoodtoreducetheexposuretonoiseandtotakelisteningbreakstogivetheearsarest.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节短文改错(满分10分).假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearTom,Lastmonth,Iwastoldwewouldhaveourfirstmilitarytraining.Atfirst,Ithoughtitwillbehardtospendawholeweekstayedawayfromschoolandhome.Thesunshinewouldbeverystronglyduringthesedays,orwecouldeasilygetsunburnt.Later,whenIwasinthecamp,Ifounditwasalotfun.Atrainingwashardforyouall.ButmyclassmatesandIweretreatedverykindlybyallthesoldier.Thefoodinthecamplookedsimple,buttastedgood.Nowyouneverknowhowhappydayswehadinthecamp.Ithinktheexperiencehasbeenmadeusstronger!Yours,LiHua第二节书面表达（满分25分）.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthemainideaofthepahowitisillustrated.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Accordingtoanofficialreportonyouthviolence.“Inourcountrytoday,thegreatestthreattothelivesofchildrenandadolescentsisnotdiseaseorstarvationorabandonment,buttheterriblerealityofviolence.”Giventhatthisisthecase,whyaren’tstudentstaughttomanageconflictthewayth