2022年浙江省湖州市高一下学期期末调研测试英语试题

2021-2022学年浙江省湖州市高一下学期期末调研测试英语试题本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）。第I卷1至8页，第II卷9至10页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。第I卷注意事项：1.答第I卷时，考生务必用2B铅笔按“正确涂写”要求涂写答题卡。2.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。3.考试结束，考生将答题卡交回。第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节（共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIn2017,JimMcGeewasdiagnosedwithakidney(肾)illness,andhewastoldbythedoctorsthathecouldonlyliveaboutfouryears.Therefore,hewasinbadneedofakidneytransplant(移植).However,itwassaidthat13peoplewoulddieeverydaywhilewaitingforarightkidneywiththerightbloodandtissuetypes.Jim’swife,ShirleyMcGee,andsomefamilyfriendsofferedbutweren’tamatch.Inordertoseekforhelp,ShirleyandherhusbandworeT-shirtswithasentence“I’minneedofakidneytransplant.”whenevertheywentoutbutstillnoluck.Jimlostheart.Inearly2018,Jimdidn’tfeellikeattendingareunionofsomeclassmates,sayingtherewasnoneedtodothis.However,Shirleysaid,“Comeon.Youreallyneedtoseeyourfriends.Go,andenjoyyourself.”Then,Jimreunitedwithsomeoldclassmates,whomhehadn’tseenfornearly50years,includingDougCoffman.Jimtoldthemhisproblem.Aslifewouldhaveit,DougCoffman,then70,happenedtohavetherightbloodtypeandimmediatelydecidedtohelp.Afteraseriesoftests,finally,whenthedoctorsgaveDougCoffmantheOKtodonate,heimmediatelycalledJim,andtoldhimthegoodnews.OnSeptember18,2018,Dougwentintosurgeryat7:30a.m.;Jimfollowedat9:30a.m.Bynoon,theywerebothintherecoveryroom.Thetransplantwasagreatsuccess.1.HowdidJimfeelabouthisillnessafterthefailedwaitfortherightkidney?A.satisfied. B.nervous. C.ashamed. D.discouraged2.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeShirleyMcGee?A.reasonableandenergetic. B.supportiveandconsiderate.C.outgoingandthankful. D.knowledgeableandresponsible.3.WhydidJimMcGeedecidetoattendthereunion?A.Tofindtherightkidney. B.Tosharehissadstory.C.Tomeethisfellowclassmates. D.Tohaveacompleteexaminationthere.4.WhatcanweknowaboutDougCoffman?A.HehadvisitedJimregularly.B.HewastoooldtoofferhishelptoJim.C.HewasJim’sbestfriend.D.HehelpedJimwithouthesitation.【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jim需要肾移植，但是找到合适的肾源很难，就在他即将失去信心的时候，他的老同学决定帮他，最终移植手术很成功。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Inordertoseekforhelp,ShirleyandherhusbandworeT-shirtswithasentence“I’minneedofakidneytransplant.”whenevertheywentoutbutstillnoluck.Jimlostheart.(为了寻求帮助，Shirley和她的丈夫穿着写有“我需要肾移植”的T恤。无论何时他们都出去了，但仍然没有运气。Tim失去信心。)”可知，在等待合适的肾源失败之后，他丧失了信心。故选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Jim’swife,ShirleyMcGee,andsomefamilyfriendsofferedbutweren’tamatch.(Jim的妻子，ShirleyMcGee，和一些家庭朋友都主动提供，但并不匹配。)”可知，Shirley非常支持Jim；再根据第三段“However,Shirleysaid,'Comeon.Youreallyneedtoseeyourfriends.Go,andenjoyyourself.'Then,Jimreunitedwithsomeoldclassmates,whomhehadn’tseenfornearly50years,includingDougCoffman.(然而，Shirley说：“来吧。你真该去看看你的朋友。去吧，好好享受。”然后，Jim和一些老同学团聚了，他们已经有近50年没有见面了，其中包括DougCoffman。)”可知，Shirley善解人意。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Then,Jimreunitedwithsomeoldclassmates,whomhehadn’tseenfornearly50years,includingDougCoffman.(然后，Jim和一些老同学团聚了，他们已经有近50年没有见面了，其中包括DougCoffman。)”可知，Jim参加同学会是为了和同学团聚。故选C。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Aslifewouldhaveit,DougCoffman,then70,happenedtohavetherightbloodtypeandimmediatelydecidedtohelp.(世事难料，当时70岁的DougCoffman碰巧血型合适，于是立即决定帮忙。)”以及第四段“Afteraseriesoftests,finally,whenthedoctorsgaveDougCoffmantheOKtodonate,heimmediatelycalledJim,andtoldhimthegoodnews.(经过一系列的检查，最后，当医生同意DougCoffman捐赠时，他立即打电话给Jim，告诉他这个好消息。)”可推断，DougCoffman毫不犹豫就提出帮忙。故选D。BLookingforagoodjobisafiercecompetitionforgraduates,sowemustbecarefultomakeourpersonalchoices.Ourfamilyandfriendsmaysayitdoesn’tmatterwhateverwearewearing,buttheworkplacemaynot.Somecompaniesforbidvisibletattoos(纹身),noserings,orcertainodddressstyles.Ahighschoolnewspapereditorsaysitisunfairtojudgeapersonbyhisappearance.However,asforme,Ithinkwehavetoadmitwhatweweardoesconveycertainmessages.Whatwewear,includingtattoosandnoserings,isanexpressionofouridentityandourthoughts.Soitmakessensethatcompaniesdressstandardsexistinthebusinessworld,butthemainconcernisoftenaboutwhatcustomersaccept.Othersmayarguewhatwedressisamatterofpersonalfreedom,butforcompaniesitismoreaboutwhethertheycanmakemoney.Mostemployersdocareaboutthepersonalappearancesoftheiremployeesbecausethosepeoplerepresentthecompaniestotheircustomers.Iampaidtobeahiringmanagerandtochoosethepeoplewhowouldmakethebestimpressiononourcustomers.Therearesomanyqualifiedcandidates,soitisnotwrongtorefusesomeonewhomightdisappointmycustomers.EventhoughIamopen-minded,Ican’texpectallourcustomersare.Youshouldberesponsibleforyourself,ifthecompanysaysyourdressdoesnotmatchthestandards.Nocompanyshouldhavetochangetosatisfyacandidatesimplybecauseheorsheisunwillingtorespectitsstandards,aslongasitsstandardsarelegal.5.WhichofthefollowingwillthenewspapereditoragreewithaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Thecandidateshouldalsobetreatedequallyevenifhewearstattoosornoserings.B.Whatpeopledressisonlyawaytocarrymessagesaboutthemselves.C.Itisn’tencouragedtowearstrangedressstyles.D.Companiesdressstandardswillbeinfluencedbycustomers’choices.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Candidateshavethefreedomtodecidewhattowearforaninterview.B.Becausecustomers’choicesmattermost,whattowearisnotamatterofpersonalchoice.C.Asahiringmanager,oneshouldmakethebestimpressionontheircandidates.D.Companiessometimeshavetochangetheirstandardstomeettheircandidates’need.7.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.YourAppearancesMatter B.PersonalChoicesMatterC.EmployersMatter D.HiringManagersMatter8.Whatwastheauthor’sattitudetowardsstrangedressstylesincompanies?A.Disagreeable. B.Unconcerned. C.Favorable. D.Objective.【答案】5.A6.B7.A8.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章就上班时员工是否可以有纹身、鼻环或某些奇怪的服装款式等展开讨论。【5题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段“Somecompaniesforbidvisibletattoos,noserings,orcertainodddressstyles.Ahighschoolnewspapereditorsaysitisunfairtojudgeapersonbyhisappearance.(一些公司禁止可见的纹身、鼻环或某些奇怪的服装款式。一位高中报纸编辑说，以外表来评判一个人是不公平的。)”可知，报纸编辑应该赞成对有纹身和鼻环的人公平对待，可得出即使候选人身上有纹身或鼻环，他也应该受到同等对待。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“Iampaidtobeahiringmanagerandtochoosethepeoplewhowouldmakethebestimpressiononourcustomers.Therearesomanyqualifiedcandidates,soitisnotwrongtorefusesomeonewhomightdisappointmycustomers.EventhoughIamopen-minded,Ican’texpectallourcustomersare.(我的报酬是成为一名招聘经理，选择那些能给客户留下最好印象的人。有这么多合格的候选人，所以拒绝可能让我的客户失望的人是没有错的。尽管我思想开放，但我不能期望我们所有的客户都是这样。)”可推知，对于公司来说，顾客是上帝，他们的选择才是最重要的，所以在公司怎么穿并不是员工自己的选择。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Lookingforagoodjobisafiercecompetitionforgraduates,sowemustbecarefultomakeourpersonalchoices.Ourfamilyandfriendsmaysayitdoesn’tmatterwhateverwearewearing,buttheworkplacemaynot.(找一份好工作对毕业生来说是一场激烈竞争，所以我们必须谨慎地做出个人选择。我们的家人和朋友可能会说，我们穿什么都不重要，但工作场所可能不是这样。)”以及结合下文可知，文章主要讲员工的穿着外貌形象很重要，而不应该忽视。所以A项YourAppearancesMatter(你的外表很重要)符合文意。故选A项。【8题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Youshouldberesponsibleforyourself,ifthecompanysaysyourdressdoesnotmatchthestandards.Nocompanyshouldhavetochangetosatisfyacandidatesimplybecauseheorsheisunwillingtorespectitsstandards,aslongasitsstandardsarelegal.(如果公司说你的衣服不符合标准，你应该对自己负责。只要标准合法，任何公司都不应该仅仅因为候选人不愿意尊重其标准而改变以满足其要求。)”可知，作者是不赞成奇装异服的，而应该按合理的公司标准穿着。故选A项。CInordertoreducenoisepollution,moreandmoreairportsarepromotinga“silentairport”idea,especiallyinEurope.Aimingtooffertimelyandhelpfulupdatesofinformation,internationalairportswereoncecharacterizedbytheirhighvoices,competinggateannouncementsandsoon.Now,itisallchanging.AngelaGittens,directorgeneralofAirportsCouncilInternational(ACI),saysthereisagrowingdesireamongairportsandairlinestheyservetocreateacalm,relaxingatmospherewithoutbeingdisturbedbyannouncements.“Passengerscanrelaxwhiletheywaitfortheirflighttoboardinthecommonairsidelounges(休闲区),andfoodanddrinkareas,”shesays.Finlandhasatourismslogan(口号)whichis“silence,please”.InJune,HelsinkiAirportinFinlandadoptedthesilentairportidea,therefore,announcementsforflightsaremadeonlyinsomecertainboardinggateareas.Nobody’sgoingtocallyoutoyourflight,asannouncementsinallterminals(航站楼)willbemadeonlyinemergencycircumstances.Peoplebegintoworry,whatiftheymisstheirboardingtime?Actually,there’snoneedtoworryaboutthis.HeikkiKoski,vicepresidentofHelsinkiAirport,saysthattheimprovedflightinformationdisplaysystem,togetherwiththeadvancedtechnology,ischangingthewayairportscommunicatewithpassengers.AtMunichairport,Passengerscansimplytapa“youarehere”displaytogetdirectionsandapproximatewalkingtimetotheirdestinations.Ofcourse,itisimpossiblethatanairportwillbeassilentasatemple.Therewillcontinuetobeanincreasingneedforairport-wideemergencyannouncementsalongwithboardingcalls.Butatsilentairports,theseannouncementsshouldberestrictedtospecificgates,notthewholeairport,ashasadoptedinHelsinki.9.WhatshouldpassengerspaycloseattentiontoatHelsinkiAirport?A.Finland’stourismslogan. B.Theinformationabouttheirboardingtime.C.The“youarehere”display. D.Thelocationofcertainboardinggate.10.WhyisMunichAirportmentionedinthetext?A.Toshowitspopularity. B.Tointroducetheinformationdisplaysystem.C.TobecomparedwithHelsinkiAirport. D.ToproveHeikkiKoski’swords.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“restricted”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Limited. B.Delivered. C.Made. D.Broadcast.【答案】9.B10.D11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲为了减少噪音污染，越来越多的机场正在推广“无声机场”的理念，尤其是在欧洲。【9题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段“Nobody’sgoingtocallyoutoyourflight,asannouncementsinallterminals(航站楼)willbemadeonlyinemergencycircumstances.Peoplebegintoworry,whatiftheymisstheirboardingtime?(没有人会叫你去你的航班，因为只有在紧急情况下才会在所有航站楼发布公告。人们开始担心，如果错过登机时间怎么办？)”可知，因为没有人会叫你去你的航班，所以乘客更应该更加在意自己的登机时间，以免错过。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段“Actually,there’snoneedtoworryaboutthis.HeikkiKoski,vicepresidentofHelsinkiAirport,saysthattheimprovedflightinformationdisplaysystem,togetherwiththeadvancedtechnology,ischangingthewayairportscommunicatewithpassengers.AtMunichairport,Passengerscansimplytapa“youarehere”displaytogetdirectionsandapproximatewalkingtimetotheirdestinations.(实际上，没有必要担心这个。赫尔辛基机场副总裁HeikkiKoski表示，经过改进的航班信息显示系统以及先进的技术正在改变机场与乘客的沟通方式。在慕尼黑机场，乘客只需点击“youarehere”（你在这里）屏幕，就可以获得到目的地的方向和大致步行时间。)”可知，文章提到Munich机场只是为了证明HeikkiKoski的话：theimprovedflightinformationdisplaysystem,togetherwiththeadvancedtechnology,ischangingthewayairportscommunicatewithpassengers（经过改进的航班信息显示系统以及先进的技术正在改变机场与乘客的沟通方式）。故选D项。【11题详解】词句猜测题。由文章最后一段“Ofcourse,itisimpossiblethatanairportwillbeassilentasatemple.Therewillcontinuetobeanincreasingneedforairport-wideemergencyannouncementsalongwithboardingcalls.(当然，机场不可能像寺庙一样安静。机场范围内的紧急通告和登机电话的需求将继续增加。)”可知，完全安静的机场是不现实的，但紧急通告应该“限制在”特别登机口，而不是整个机场放。所以猜测restricted是“限制”的意思。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itiscommonforpeopletocomplain.Actuallyeventhekindestandmostthoughtfulpeoplecomplain.Andcomplainingisn’talwaysanannoyingthing.____12____However,ifsomeonemakescomplaintsfrequently,theproblemswillstart.So,thesetipswillhelpyouquietcomplainers.Changethetopic.Somecomplainerswillbedistractedfromtheirnegativemoodifyouchangethetopicinadirectionthatintereststhem.Ifyourneighboriscomplainingaboutthenoisycommunityenvironment,youcantellheryouboughtsomebeautifulflowersyesterday.____13____Showyourcare.Ifthecomplainerkeepscomplainingtoyou,andaskssomethinglike,“Canyouunderstandme?”,don’talwayssay,“I’veheardandgottenit.”Instead,listencarefullyandmakesomeeyecontactwiththeperson.Standinhisshoes,andifpossible,offerhimsomeadvice.____14____Whensomeonefrequentlymakescomplaintstoyou,asknicelywhathe’sdonetoimproveit.Thisquestionmayhelptoabruptlyendthecomplaintandremindthepersontodosomethinguseful.Behonest.____15____Ifsomeonecomplainstoyoumanytimesbeforeandyoumustcuttheconversationshort,youcansimplybehonest,sayingyouneedtofocusonyourownbusiness.Haveaheart-to-hearttalk.Maybethecomplainerisveryclosetoyou,suchasyourbestfriendoryourpartner,andhestressesyououtwithloadsofnegativeattitudes.____16____Thiswillletthepersonknowyourtruefeelings.Otherwise,ifyoualwayshideyourtruefeelingsandcontinuelisteningtohisrepeatedcomplaints,finallyyoumaystartavoidingtheperson.A.Focusontheeffect.B.Encouragethepersontotakeactions.C.Don’tbeafraidoflettinghimdown.D.Avoidsayingthewordcomplaining.E.Talkingabouttheproblemwithhimfranklyisimportant.F.Sometimes,makingacomplaintcanatleastreleaseourstress.G.Ifyourcolleagueissayingillwordsoftheboss,tellhimtherewillbesomenewemployeesnextweek.【答案】12.F13.G14.B15.C16.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助平息抱怨的建议。【12题详解】根据空前“Andcomplainingisn’talwaysanannoyingthing.(抱怨并不总是一件令人讨厌的事情。)”指的是抱怨并不总是坏事；而空后出现转折“However,ifsomeonemakescomplaintsfrequently,theproblemswillstart.(然而，如果有人经常抱怨，问题就会开始。)”可知，空处应延续上文，和“抱怨并不总是坏事”相关。选项F“Talkingabouttheproblemwithhimfranklyisimportant.(有时候，抱怨至少可以释放我们的压力。)”正是说抱怨也有好处。故选F。【13题详解】根据上文“Somecomplainerswillbedistractedfromtheirnegativemoodifyouchangethetopicinadirectionthatintereststhem.Ifyourneighboriscomplainingaboutthenoisycommunityenvironment,youcantellheryouboughtsomebeautifulflowersyesterday.(如果你把话题转移到他们感兴趣的方向，一些爱抱怨的人就会从他们的负面情绪中分心。如果你的邻居抱怨社区环境太吵，你可以告诉她你昨天买了一些漂亮的花。)”可知，本段主题是转移话题；而空前是作者所给的如何转移话题的例子。选项G“Ifyourcolleagueissayingillwordsoftheboss,tellhimtherewillbesomenewemployeesnextweek.(如果你的同事在说老板的坏话，告诉他下周会有新员工。)”也是如何转移话题的例子。符合语境，与上文一致，都是举例说明，故选G。【14题详解】空处为小标题，为本段中心句。根据本段“Whensomeonefrequentlymakescomplaintstoyou,asknicelywhathe’sdonetoimproveit.Thisquestionmayhelptoabruptlyendthecomplaintandremindthepersontodosomethinguseful.(当有人经常向你抱怨时，友善地问他做了什么来改善。这个问题可以有助于突然结束抱怨，提醒对方做一些有用的事情。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是行动比抱怨更重要。选项B“Encouragethepersontotakeactions.(鼓励这个人采取行动)”正是本段大意，形式上也符合上下小标题形式。故选B。【15题详解】根据标题Behonest.和下文“Ifsomeonecomplainstoyoumanytimesbeforeandyoumustcuttheconversationshort,youcansimplybehonest,sayingyouneedtofocusonyourownbusiness.(如果有人向你抱怨了很多次，你必须缩短谈话，你可以简单地诚实地说你需要专注于自己的业务。)”可知，本段鼓励对自己诚实，无需一直忍受对方的抱怨，要勇敢地说出自己的感受。选项C“Don’tbeafraidoflettinghimdown.(不要害怕让他失望。)”引出下文，勇敢说出自己的感受。故选C。【16题详解】根据下文“Thiswillletthepersonknowyourtruefeelings.(这会让对方知道你的真实感受。)”中的“this”可知，空处的事情能够让对方知道你的真实感受。选项E“Talkingabouttheproblemwithhimfranklyisimportant.(和他坦率地讨论这个问题很重要。)”正是可以让对方知道你真实感受的方式。故选E。第三部分：语言运用（共三节，满分40分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Borninacomfortablefamily,FlorenceNightingalewaseducatedbyfamilyteachersandthenbyherownfather.Asaresult,shewas____17____fiveforeignlanguages,andhadagoodknowledgeofhistoryandphilosophy.OnFebruary7,1837,FlorenceNightingaleheard,byher____18____,thewhisperofGodtellingherthatshehadataskinlife.Ittookhersomeyearsofseekingto____19____thatmission.In1844,____20____herparents’rejection,ratherthanmarrylikethemajorityofthegirls,Nightingalechosea(n)____21____pathtoworkinnursing,whichwasthennotquitearespectablejobforwomen.NightingalewenttoKaiserwerthinPrussiatoexperienceaGerman____22____programforgirlswhowouldserveasnurses.Sheworkedforashorttimefora(n)____23____nearParis.Herideabegantobe____24____.In1853,shebecametheunpaiddirectorofLondon’sInstitutionfortheCareofSickGentlewoman.WhentheCrimeanWarbrokeout,____25____camebacktoEnglandaboutterribleconditionsforwoundedandsicksoldiers.Nightingale_____26_____togotoTurkey.Shetookagroupofthirty-eightwomenasnursestothewarfront.From1854-1856,NightingaleheadednursingeffortsinTurkey,creatingmorecleanconditionsandorderingsupplies.She_____27_____wonover—atleastenoughtogetcooperation—themilitarydoctors.Soon,Nightingale_____28_____moreondirectionthanonactualnursing,butshe_____29_____tovisitthewards(病房).Herrulethatshebetheonlywomaninthewardsatnight_____30_____herthetitle“Theladywiththelamp.”The_____31_____rateatthearmyhospitalfellfrom60%atherarrivalto2%sixmonthlater.17.A.interestedin B.familiarwith C.puzzledby D.awareof18.A.appearance B.performance C.explanation D.location19.A.turnout B.carryout C.pickout D.figureout20.A.despite B.with C.without D.except21.A.normal B.different C.usual D.common22.A.training B.teaching C.performing D.working23.A.church B.school C.hospital D.army24.A.remembered B.defended C.refused D.respected25.A.orders B.poems C.evidence D.reports26.A.afforded B.volunteered C.hesitated D.happened27.A.rapidly B.occasionally C.frequently D.eventually28.A.focused B.attracted C.found D.looked29.A.continued B.appointed C.headed D.determined30.A.attached B.took C.earned D.suited31.A.birth B.growth C.death D.tax【答案】17.B18.C19.D20.A21.B22.A23.C24.D25.D26.B27.D28.A29.A30.C31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了南丁格尔的生平事迹。【17题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：因此，她熟悉五门外语，对历史和哲学有很好的了解。A.interestedin对……感兴趣；B.familiarwith对……熟悉；C.puzzledby困惑于；D.awareof意识到。根据上文“FlorenceNightingalewaseducatedbyfamilyteachersandthenbyherownfather”以及后文“fiveforeignlanguages,andhadagoodknowledgeofhistoryandphilosophy”可知，南丁格尔熟悉五门语言。故选B项。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：1837年2月7日，弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔解释说她听到了上帝的耳语，告诉她生命中有一项任务。A.appearance外表；B.performance表演；C.explanation解释；D.location地点。根据后文“thewhisperofGodtellingherthatshehadataskinlife”可知，这是南丁格尔的陈诉和解释。故选C项。【19题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她花了几年的时间才搞清楚这项任务。A.turnout结果是；B.carryout执行；C.pickout挑选；D.figureout弄清楚。根据上文“thewhisperofGodtellingherthatshehadataskinlife”可知，南丁格尔花了几年的时间弄清楚这个任务。故选D项。【20题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：1844年，尽管她的父母反对，南丁格尔并没有像大多数女孩一样结婚，她选择了一条从事护理工作的道路，这对当时的女性来说不是一份体面的工作。A.despite尽管；B.with和；C.without没有；D.except除了……之外。根据后文“ratherthanmarrylikethemajorityofthegirls,Nightingalechosea(n)5pathtoworkinnursing”可知，前后是让步关系。南丁格尔不顾父母的反对，选择了一条不一样的路。故选A项。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.normal正常的；B.different不同的；C.usual通常的；D.common常见的。根据后文“whichwasthennotquitearespectablejobforwomen”可知，南丁格尔选择一条不一样的路。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：南丁格尔去了普鲁士的凯泽沃思，体验了一个德国的培训项目，培训对象是担任护士的女孩。A.training培训；B.teaching教；C.performing执行；D.working工作。根据后文“programforgirlswhowouldserveasnurses”可知，南丁格尔去那里培训。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在巴黎附近的一家医院工作了很短时间。A.church教堂；B.school学校；C.hospital医院；D.army军队。根据上文“programforgirlswhowouldserveasnurses”可知，南丁格尔是要当护士，所以去“医院”工作符合语境。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的想法开始受到尊重。A.remembered记得；B.defended保卫；C.refused拒绝；D.respected尊敬。根据后文“In1853,shebecametheunpaiddirectorofLondon’sInstitutionfortheCareofSickGentlewoman.”可知，她当护士的想法开始被人尊重。故选D项。25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：克里米亚战争爆发后，英国收到了关于伤兵和患病士兵恶劣条件的报告。A.orders命令；B.poems诗歌；C.evidence证据；D.reports报告。根据语境“WhentheCrimeanWarbrokeout,9camebacktoEnglandaboutterribleconditionsforwoundedandsicksoldiers.”可知，战争爆发后，英国收到了前线士兵的伤亡报告。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：南丁格尔自愿去土耳其。A.afforded买得起；B.volunteered自愿；C.hesitated犹豫；D.happened发生、碰巧。根据后文“Shetookagroupofthirty-eightwomenasnursestothewarfront.”可知，南丁格尔是自愿去服务的。故选B项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她最终赢得了至少足够的支持，得到了军医的合作。A.rapidly快速地；B.occasionally偶尔；C.frequently频繁地；D.eventually最后。根据后文“atleastenoughtogetcooperation—themilitarydoctors”可知，南丁格尔最终得到了与军医的合作。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，南丁格尔把注意力更多地放在指导上，而不是实际护理上，但她继续去病房。A.focused关注；B.attracted吸引；C.found发现；D.looked看。根据后文“moreondirectionthanonactualnursing”可知，南丁格尔更多关注指导而不是实际护理。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.continued继续；B.appointed指派；C.headed前往；D.determined决定。根据语境“butshe13tovisitthewards(病房)”可知，前后是转折关系，虽然她关注指导，但也继续留在病房。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她认为她是晚上病房里唯一的女性，这为她赢得了“拿着灯的女人”的称号。A.attached附上；B.took带走；C.earned赢得；D.suited适合。根据语境“Herrulethatshebetheonlywomaninthewardsatnight14herthetitle‘Theladywiththelamp.’”可知，因为她是晚上病房里唯一的女性让她获得这个称号。故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：陆军医院的死亡率从她抵达时的60%下降到6个月后的2%。A.birth出生；B.growth成长；C.death死亡；D.tax税。根据后文“rateatthearmyhospitalfellfrom60%atherarrivalto2%sixmonthlater”可知，此处指死亡率降低。故选C项。第II卷注意事项：第II卷共2页,用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，答在试题卷上无效。第三部分：语言运用（共三节，满分40分）第二节：单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)根据下列句子所给英语首字母或汉语注释,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式（每空只写一词）。32.Toher________(满意),herdaughtermadegreatprogress.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】satisfaction【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：令她满意的是，她的女儿取得了很大进步。toone’ssatisfaction意为“让某人满意的是”。故填satisfaction。33.Iboughthimapresentinreturnforhis________(慷慨的)help.(根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】generous【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我给他买了一份礼物作为他的慷慨帮助的回报。根据句意和汉语提示，应填形容词generous“慷慨的”作定语，故填generous。【点睛】34.Thisyear’s________(收成)isbetterthananypreviousyear’s.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】harvest【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：今年的收成比往年都好。根据汉语提示“收成”可知应填名词harvest，作主语。故填harvest。35.Hemaylookfierce,buthemeansno________(伤害).（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】harm【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：他可能看起来很凶猛，但他没有恶意。分析句子可知，此空应填名词，再根据中文提示和句意可知，应填harm，表“伤害”，为不可数名词。故填harm。36.Andyfinally________(承认)thathehadlied.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】admitted【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：安迪终于承认他撒了谎。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据汉语提示及句意，故填admitted。37.It’sillegaltoreadpeople’sprivateletterswithoutp________.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】permission##ermission【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：未经允许看别人的私人信件是违法的。根据首字母提示及句意，此处表示withoutpermission未经允许。故填permission。38.Thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersafterhewasb________twicebyourdog.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】bitten##itten【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：邮差被我们的狗咬了两次后，拒绝给我们送信。主语he和bite之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据was可知，后接动词的过去分词形式。结合首字母提示及句意，故填bitten。39.Thispainfulexperiencehasaffectedherm________andphysicalhealth.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】mental##ental【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：这段痛苦的经历影响了她的身心健康。根据句意和首字母提示，应填mental“精神的”作定语，故填mental。40.Sandrawasd________tobecomeadoctorandnomatterwhathappened,shewouldnotchangehermind.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】determined##etermined【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：桑德拉决心当一名医生，不管发生什么事，她都不会改变主意。bedeterminedtodosth.决心做某事。根据首字母提示及句意，故填determined。41.Knowinghersonwassafe,shebreathedasighofr________.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】relief##elief【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：知道儿子平安无事，她松了一口气。介词of后接名词形式。根据首字母提示及句意可知，此处表示“安慰”，asighofrelief意为“松了一口气”，故填relief。第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式。LinQiaozhi,____42____(know)as“motheroftenthousandbabies”,devotedallherlifetothemedicalcareer.Atage18,she____43____(choose)tostudymedicineratherthangetmarriedlikemostgirls.Theylivedinatime____44____girls’educationwasalwaysplacedsecondtoboys’.Sixmonthsafterher____45____(graduate)fromPekingUnionMedicalCollege,shewasappointedasachiefresidentphysician,whichwas____46____positionthatusuallytookfouryears____47____(achieve).WhentheWarofResistanceAgainstJapanbrokeout,sheopenedaprivateclinictoprovidemedicalcareforpeopleinneed.She____48____(elect)tothefirstNationalCongressandheldmanyimportantpositionsafterthefoundingofPeople’sRepublicofChina.____49____,herheartwasstillintendingwomenandchildren.Evenasshewasdying,whatwasinhermindwasstillotherpeople.Shealwaysput____50____(they)needsfirstanditwasherselflessnessthatcarriedher_____51_____thehardchoicesinherlife.【答案】42.known43.chose44.when45.graduation##graduating46.a47.toachieve48.waselected49.However50.their51.through【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了被称为“万婴之母”的林巧稚的生平。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被誉为“万婴之母”的林巧稚毕生致力于医学事业。被修饰词LinQiaozhi与know之间存在被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。【43题详解】考查时态。句意：18岁时，她选择了学医，而不是像大多数女孩那样结婚。根据时间状语Atage18可知，本句为一般过去时。故填chose。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在他们生活的那个时代，女孩的教育总是排在男孩之后。句中先行词为atime，在从句中充当时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故填when。【45题详解】考查名词/动名词。句意：从北京协和医学院毕业6个月后，她被任命为住院总医师，这是一个通常需要4年才能达到的职位。根据空前的介词after可知，空处为名词或动名词形式，作宾语。故填graduation/graduating。【46题详解】考查冠词。句意：从北京协和医学院毕业6个月后，她被任命为住院总医师，这是一个通常需要4年才能达到的职位。修饰单数可数名词，泛指，用不定冠词；由于position为辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。【47题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从北京协和医学院毕业6个月后，她被任命为住院总医师，这是一个通常需要4年才能达到的职位。句型：主语+takes+时间+todo花费多久才……。故填toachieve。【48题详解】考查时态语态。句意：中华人民共和国成立后，她当选为第一次全国代表大会代表，担任过许多重要职务。根据时间状语afterthefoundingofPeople’sRepublicofChina可知，时态为一般过去时；主语为she，单数，和动词elect之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填waselected。【49题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，她的心仍然在照顾妇女和儿童。上一句意为：中华人民共和国成立后，她当选为第一次全国代表大会代表，担任过许多重要职务。下一句意为：她的心仍然在照顾妇女和儿童。两句话之间存在转折关系。故填However。【50题详解】考查代词。句意：她总是把他们的需求放在第一位，是她的无私帮助她度过了生活中的艰难抉择。根据空后的名词needs，可知空处为形容词性物主代词。故填their。【51题详解】考查介词。句意：她总是把他们的需求放在第一位，是她的无私帮助她度过了生活中的艰难抉择。短语：carrythrough度过、完成。故填through。第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）52.假定你是李华，你校与英国结对学校HighgateSchool举行线上文化交流活动。你作为学校代表，向对方介绍一个中国传统节日。内容包括：1.节日的时间及缘由；2.节日的习俗和寓意；3.期待面对面交流。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dearfellowstudents,I’mgreatlyhonouredtointroduceChinesetraditionalfestivalstoyou.TheharvestfestivalcanbefoundineverycultureliketheMid-AutumnFestivalinChina.Itfallsonthe15thdayofthe8thlunarmonth,whichisatimeforfamilymemberstogetunited.Afterafamilydinner,childrenrunningaroundwithlanterns,familiesgathertoadmirethemoonandtastethemooncakes.Itisasymbolofabundance,harmonyandluckforthefuture.Isincerelyhopewewillmeetagainandaface-to-facecommunicationishighlyexpected.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向英国结对学校HighgateSchool介绍一个中国传统节日，包括节日的时间、缘由、习俗、寓意等待。【详解】1.词汇积累欣赏：admire→appreciate好运：luck→fortune真诚地：sincerely→genuinely很、非常：highly→greatly2句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Afterafamilydinner,childrenrunningaroundwithlanterns,familiesgathertoadmirethemoonandtastethemooncakes.拓展句：Afterafamilydinner,childrenwillrun