建筑工程英语试题

......一、选择填空一、选择填空1.Betweenthebuildings（B）asecondaryschool.A.standB.standsC.tostandD.standing2.NeitherInorhe（B）fondofmusic.A.amB.isC.areD.were3.Thelawsthat（A）howthebuildingsmaybemadearebuildingcodes.A.tellB.ellsC.toldD.telling4.Itisexpensive（C）futurecitiesonthesea.AbuildB.builtC.tobuildD.builds5.The（A）cementsarewidelyusedontheconstructionsite.A.above-mentionedB.above-mentioningC.above-mentionD.above-mentions6.Theproductionofsteelhasbeenincreased（B）70%.A.inB.byC.atD.on7.Let’sdiscussonlysuchquestions（C）concerneveryoneofus.A.whichB.thatC.asD.those8.Hehastoknow（D）strongthematerialsare.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.how9.TheGreatWallofChinaisthebiggeststructure（A）manhaseverbuilt.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when10.（B）yougo,youcanseemanybuildings.A.WhoeverB.WhereverC.WheneverD.Whatever11.Wearelookingforwardto（C）fromyousoon.A.hearB.heardC.hearingD.hears12.Fiveyuan（A）toocheapforthedictionary.A.isB.areC.wereD.hasbeen13.Weshouldaimatcombiningbeautyandcomfort（C）awelcomingfriendliness.A.toB.inC.withD.for14.Wecanseeanengineer（A）adeviceinthepicture.A.adjustingB.adjustsC.adjustedD.adjust15.Youarestudyingatcollege,（B）.A.sodoweB.soareweC.wearesoD.wedoso16.（C）oftheEnglishfilmsarefamiliartome.I’veneverseenthembefore.A.BothB.NothingC.NoneD.Any17.Ifthegardenisbig,somefloodlightscanbe（A）A.installedB.producedC.requiredD.fixture18.Doseyourshop（B）rebar?A.developB.supplyC.settleD.make19.It’sourdutyto（A）thespecification.A.complywithB.completeC.knowD.makeA.complywithB.completeC.knowD.make20.Thebiggerquantityyouorder,(A).A.thelowerpriceyouwillbeofferedB.thelowpriceyouwillbeofferedC.youwillbeofferedlowerpriceD.youwillbeofferlow二、词组互译1．小区规范(zoningcodes)2.钢筋混凝土(reinforcedconcrete)3.供热设备(theheatingsystem)4.人工费(laborcost)5.工艺(workmanship)6.铸铁管(castironpipe)7.承包商(contractor)8.土木工程(thecivilengineering)9.工程量清单(thebillofquantities)10.建筑师(architect)11.tripod(三脚架)12.lightingsystem(照明系统)13.sitesafetyprogram(工地安全方案)14.qualityassurance(质量保证)15.bankguarantees(银行担保)16.materialcost(材料费)17.technicalstaff(技术人员)18.thelayoutoftherooms(房屋布局)19.townplanningrules(城市规划)20.officeautomationsystem(办公自动系统公自动系统)三、选词填空(minimum\insurance\aswell\vary\serve\support\apply\foundation\spread\protect…from)1.Foreignlanguagecan(serveas)atool.2.Wehaveto(support)theroofwithpillars.3.Roofs(vary)inshapefromplacetoplace.4.Theyaretryingtoachievethemaximumofefficiencywiththe(minimum)oflabor.5.Hehasfoundasuitablepieceoflandandanexperiencedbuilder(aswell).6.Asheboughtthefire(insurance),hedidn’tsufferseverelyfromthegreatfire.7.Asindicatedthe(foundation)arebasesofthebuilding,whichplayanimportantpartinconstruction.8.Weshould(apply)theorytopractice.9.Thedisease(isspreadby)flies.Weshould(protect)ourplants(from)thecold.四．翻译句子1.Materialsusedfordoorsandwindowframesaretimber,ironandaluminumalloys.(用于门、窗框的材料可以是木材、铁、铝合金。)Steelandconcretearethemostwidelyusedstructuralmaterialstoday.(钢和混凝土是当前广泛使用的结构材料。)TheLetterofAgreementisapromiseoftheContractortotheEmployer.(协议书是承包商对业主的承诺。)Eachunitpriceshouldincludematerialcost,labourcostandmachinecost.(每个单价应包括材料费、人工费、机械费。)Nowthepopularinterestininvestmentisinfrastructureandhousingdevelopmentprojects.(现在的投资热点是基础设施工程和住宅开发工程。)Styleoflampsshouldmatchotherdecoration.(灯的样式应与其他装饰相一致。)Thelightfixturesshouldbefunctionalaswellasdecorative.(灯具应既体观功能又具有装饰性。)Wecannotexpectastablesuperstructurewithoutasolidfoundation.(没有牢固的基础，难以想象会有稳定的上部结构。)Constructionisthetranslationofadesigntoreality.(施工就是把设计变为现实。)Wesupplyrebarwithvariousdiametersandstrength.(我们销售不同的直径和强度的钢筋。)11.Isawsomeworkersworkinginthesite.(我看到工人们在工地干活。)Totranslatethisideaintorealityneedshardwork.(把这一想法变为现实需要艰苦的劳动。)Itistheindividualtouchthatmakesahouseahome.(将房屋布置成个家，各人有各人的做法。)Themanagerfoundtheprojectmuchbehindtheschedule.(经理发现工程进度落后于计划进度。)Allkindsofelectricequipmentareinstalledinmodernhomes.(现代住宅中装有各种电器设备。)五．阅读理解（一）．Shelterfromthenaturalelementsisabasicneed.Earlypeoplemetthisneedbydwellingincavesandthentheirdescendantsbegantoconstructbuildings.Anancientbuildingmaterial,timber,isstillbeingusedinhousebuilding.Improvedtechniquesnowovercomemanyofitsweaknesses.Thestrengthoftimberisdifferentalongandacrossthegrain.Multiplelayersarebondedbyadhesivestomakethegrainruninvariousdirections.Durabilityisimprovedbybettermethodsofpreservationandimprovedtimberdoesnotburneasily.Devicesforjoiningtimberstructureshavealsobeenimprovedandtheyspreadtheappliedloadoverawidearea.Moreextensivelyitisusedforjoists,rafters,windowframes,doorsandfloors.Timberalsohasappealforconservationistsbecauseitisrenewable.Wecanplantmoretreesandmanufacturethetimberintoausableform.Itinvolvesnopollutionoftheenvironment.Clayisusedintheformofbricksandtiles.Thegreatadvantageofbrickconstructionisitslowcost.Clayischeapandplentiful,andbricksaresmallenoughtobelaideasilybyhand.Stoneisstronganddurable.Inmanyrespects,itisanidealbuildingmaterial.However,itisdifficulttohandle.Stonesmustbecutfromthesolidrockinaquarryforuseinalargebuilding.Allthislabormakesstoneveryexpensiveanddifficulttoworkwith.Stoneisusedtodaymainlyasathinoutsidecoveringforlargebuildingsandforthedecorativewallsandfloorsofentrancelobbies.Manyotherkindsofmaterialsbesidesthebasicstructuralmaterialsareneededforabuilding.Concrete,steel,glass,alloys,plastics,adhesivesandpitchareamongthem.判断对错Thereislittleroomforimprovementinthebuildingmaterial.FTreescannotpollutetheenvironment.TBricksaremadeofclay.TStoneisascheapasbricks.FTherearemanykindsofbuildingmaterials.T（二）Tocureconcreteproperly,theexposedsurfacesmustbekeptcontinuallymoistformthemomenttheconcretefirstbeginstoset.Theconcretemustthereafterbekeptcontinuallymoistforaminimumof14daysandlongerifatallpossible.Thesimplestmethodofkeepingconcretemoististospraythesurfacewithwateratfrequentintervals(频繁地).Sandorburlap（麻袋片）canbespreadoverthesurfacetohelpretainmoisture.Acoveringisnecessary,inanycase,forthefirst3daysafterplacingtoprotecttheconcretefromthedirectrays（光线）ofthesun.Specialcuringcompounds（养护剂）canalsobesprayedontheconcrete.Thesprayingshouldtakeplaceassoonasthesurfaceoftheconcretehaslostitswateryappearance.Properlyapplied,acuringcompoundwillallowtheconcretetocontinuecuringevenaftertheconcretehasbeenplacedinservice,aswithaconcretehighway,forexample.Sprayingonacuringcompoundisoftentheonlypracticalmethodofcuringconcretethathasbeenpouredintoanunusualshape.Athirdmethodofcuringconcreteistospreadasheetofpolyethylenefilmorbuildingpaperoverthesurfaceoftheconcrete.Thepolyethyleneorbuildingpapershouldoverlapthesidesoftheexposedconcrete.Thiscoveringmustremainontopoftheconcretefortheentirecuringperiod.11.Accordingtothepassage,alltheexposedsurfacesoftheconcretemustbekeptmoist,(B).A.aftertheconcretehassetB.assoonastheconcretebeginstosetC.whenevertheconcreteisplacedD.beforetheconc