简单版定语从句讲解

关于简单版定语从句讲解第一页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三

定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以介词短语、分词为例）例：Thegirlbehindthetree

isKate.

Themandrivingtoofast

wasdrunk（喝醉的）.

定语从句在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。例：Thegirlwhoisbehindthetree

isKate.

Themanwhowasdrivingtoofast

wasdrunk.第二页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三关系代词如何引导定语从句普通代词与关系代词的区别Ihaveasister.She

worksinShanghai.

代替sister普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例she)Ihaveasister

who/that

worksinShanghai.关系代词：（如上例who/that）

1.代替先行词;2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）第三页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三

Thebuildingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.

关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。Thebuilding

which/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.

先行词

关系词定语从句which/that是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词thebuilding,同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接起来。第四页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三

关系词判断步骤:

首先，要看先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系代词可用

who,that,whom,as,whose。如果先行词指物,关系代词可用as,which或that;

然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词主宾

定人who,that，aswho(m),thataswhose物which,thataswhich,that，aswhose,ofwhich第五页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用关系代词that人/物主、宾、表which物主、宾、表who人主、宾whom人宾whose人/物定as人/物主、宾关系副词when时间时间状语where地点地点状语why原因原因状语第六页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三

最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.

注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。

Thewoman

who/that

spokeatthemeetingyesterday

is

my

mother.(主句)Thewomanismymother.(叙述客观事实用一般现在时)(从句)Thewoman(who/that)spokeatthemeetingyesterday.(句中yesterday表示过去时间)第七页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三thetallthestrongthecleverboyTheboyisTom.Theboy

whoistallisTom.Theboy

whoisstrongisTomTheboy

whoiscleverisTom第八页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.

(主语)Theboy

whohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.第九页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(whom)everyonelikesiskind.

(宾语)

Thewomangotthejob.

Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreet

gotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.

Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterday

willgiveusatalk.第十页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三关系代词

1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Theman(

who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.第十一页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三关系代词

3.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。

Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebook

whosecoverisred.Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawoman

whosebagwasstolen.第十二页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三appletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.TheapplewhichisredissmallTheapplewhichisgreenisbig.第十三页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三Canyoufindthepen?Iwrotewithitjustnow.Canyoufindthepenwithwhich

Iwrotejustnow?Canyoufindthepen(which)Iwrotewithjustnow?第十四页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三4.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?第十五页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三1)Thisisthehero(whom)weareproudof.Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.Thisisthehero(that)weareproudof.2)Theroom

(that)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom

(which)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom

inwhichIliveisverybig.注意:

固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:lookafter,lookat…关系代词与介词:

介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物,用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略)Theroom

whereIliveisverybig.第十六页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三定语从句中需注意事项有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时

Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.2.先行词是something,nothing,anything等不定代词时

Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.第十七页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用thatIcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.4.先行词是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修饰时

Isittheonethatyouwant?

Ihaven’tgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.

5.当主句已有疑问词who或which时，用thatWhoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?第十八页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三————关系副词

关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。

where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.

when:

在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。why：在从句中做原因状语，指代原因。1.Thehotelwasn’tclean.

+Westayedatthehotel.Thehotel

wherewestayedwasn’tclean.Thehotel

atwhichwestayedwasn’tclean.The

hotel

(which)

westayedatwasn’tclean.第十九页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三2.I’llneverforgettheday.

IjoinedthePartyonthatday.

I’llneverforgettheday

when

IjoinedtheParty.I’llneverforgettheday

onwhich

IjoinedtheParty.Thisisthereasonwhy(forwhich)Iamlate.第二十页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.

Wemetheryesterday.ThescientistØwemetyesterdayisvery

whofamousintheworld.whomthat(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.

whichØ

第二十一页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三(3)Heisthekindperson.

Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.

(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthis

film.HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworked

whowith.

whomØ

ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.

Ø第二十二页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三

单项选择。

1.Thisisthejob______theylaughedat.A.whichB.asC.itD.who2.BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark____builtabout300yearsago.A.wherewasB.thatwereC.whichwasD.where3.Whowasthegrey-hairedman______atyesterday’smeeting?A.wesawhimB.wesawC.wesawwhoD.shewasseen4.Theman______ispaintingthehouseismyuncle.A.he B.whomC.whose D.who5.Whatistheanimal______babyissleepinginitspocket?A.who B.whoseC.its D.whichACBDB第二十三页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三6.Thisbookisforthestudents______motherlanguageisn’tEnglish.A.that B.ofwhomC.whose D.who’s7.Therobbersshouted,“Handsup!I’llshootanyone______moves!”A.whom B.that C.who D.whose8.Thedictionary_____hepaid50yuanforisveryuseful.A.whichB.forwhichC.onwhichD.aboutwhich9Theboy_____parentsdiedtwoyearsagoliveswithhisgrandpanow.A.whoseB.whoC.hisD./10.Theman_______issmokingisabusdriver.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.whatCCAAB第二十四页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三1.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.A.that B.who C.whom D.this2.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whom B.which C.who D./3.Thegirl_____yousawinthestreetisMary.A.that B.whose C.which D.asAAA定语从句练习第二十五页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三4.Isthisthefactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theone B.which C.who D.whom5.Isthisfactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theone B.that C.which D./6.Theonlylanguage_____iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.which B.that C./ D.itBbB定语从句练习第二十六页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三7.Thegirlhandedeverything_____shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.which B.inwhich C.that D.all8._____cleanstheblackboardshouldbepraised.A.That B.Who C.Theonewho D.Thestudentswho9.Pleaseshowmethebook_____youboughtyesterday.A.which B.whom C.whose D.thisCCA定语从句练习第二十七页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三10.Thisisthebestbook_____Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.who B.whom C.which D./11.Thisistheonlyarticleofthesethat_____writtenbyhim.A.was B.were C.is D.are12.Theman_____washerejustnowisadoctor.A.whom B.who C./ D.heDCB定语从句练习第二十八页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三13.Theboy_____hastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoor B.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoor D.thatlivesnextdoor14.Those_____madenomistakesintoday’sexercisespleaseraiseyourhands.A.which B.whom C.that D.who15.Thefarm_____westayedlastweekisalovelyplaceforaholiday.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.atthatDDB定语从句练习第二十九页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三16.Heisthemostcarefulboy_____Iknow.A.what B.which C.as D../17.Thisistheschool_____Mr.Smithoncetaught.A.inthat B.when C.where D.there18.Haveyouvisitedthehouse_____thefamousscientistwasborn?A.where B.inthat C.that D.whichDCA定语从句练习第三十页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三19.Thefactory_____Mr.Liusedtoworkwasclosedlastweek.A.when B.where C.that D.which20.Doyoustillremembertheday_____wefirstmet?A.that B.when C.what D.onthatBB定语从句练习第三十一页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三21.October1,1949istheday_____we’llneverforget.A.when B.that C.where D.inwhich22.October1,1949wastheday_____thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.A.which B.when C.where D.inwhich23.Isthistheshop_____sellschildren’sclothing?A.which B.where C.inwhich D.whatBBA定语从句练习第三十二页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三24.Isthismuseum_____theyvisitedlastmonth?A.that B.which C.where D.theone25.Istillrememberthesitting-room_____mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.what B.which C.that D.whereDD定语从句练习第三十三页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三26.Haveyouseenthegirl_____?A.thatItoldB.ItoldyouofC.whomItoldD.Itoldof27.Thedaysaregone_____weuse“foreignmatches”.A.duringwhenB.duringthatC.onwhich D.duringwhich28.Finallythethiefhandedineverything_____hehadstolentothepolice.A.which B.that C.whatD.whateverDBB定语从句练习第三十四页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三29.Thelecturespokeofsomewritersandnovels_____wereknowntousall.A.which B.that C.whoD.what30.Icanstillrememberthesittingroom_____mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.what B.which C.thatD.where31.Itwasraininghard,_____keptusindoors.A.which B.that C.as D.whatBDA定语从句练习第三十五页，共四十页，编辑于2023年，星期三32.Theonlyquestion_____istofindourwayhome.A.thatmattered B.thatmattersC.whichmattered D.matter33.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.A.that B.whoC.fromwhom D.towhom34.Thefarmersusedwoodtobuildahouse_____graincanbestored.A.