初中英语语法基础 -动词现在分词用法归纳讲解和同步练习 (有答案)

初英语基—动现分用归讲（同练）一动现分的介动词的现在分词(doing)是初中英语语法的一个重点，也是中考要考查的一个考点。动词的现在分词属于非谓语动词的一种形式子中不能单独做谓语为表主和正进的意义和词性上又具有名词和形容词的特性，此现在分词在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾补和状语等分。二动现分的法一现在分词的个基本点：时间上表示动作正在进行。例如developing发展中的国boilingrising升起的太阳语态上表示主动。例如统治阶削阶二现在分词的法总结（一、在分词定语：表示正在进行的或主动的动也可以说明被修饰词的性质和特征。当分词单独做定语时，放在所修的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。例ThesleepingisInfollowingharder.speakingtotheteacherismonitor's正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班的父亲。注：在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如inthefollowing也用intheyearsspeakingtothe可改为theisspeakingto（二、在分词表语：表示主语的感受或状态。例filmbeingshownintheis正在这家上演的电影很棒。presentsituationisinspiring.当前的形势鼓舞人心。注：+doing"能表示现在进行时，也可能是现在分词做表语，它们的区别在"bedoing"表示进行的动作是进行时时是系动be现在分词构成系表结构词表示状态或感受，有些动词如surprise,通常用式来修饰例isinterestingI'minterestedinit.这本很有它很感兴（三、在分词宾语补足语常见动词后可跟现在分词作宾语足语watch,hear,observe,lookat,catch。例Canyouhearhersingingthesonginroom?Heat（四、现在分作状语在分词作语间件果因和伴随状示正在进行的或主动的动此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。①作时间状语例(While)Workinginwas在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工。②作原因状语例Beingaheishelpingothers.由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他。③作方式状语，表示伴随例Hestayedathome,washing.他呆在家里，又擦又洗。④作条件状语例(If)Playingallday,willvaluable要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的间。⑤作结果状语：例Heglass,breakingitinto他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。（五、在分词动名词的用区别：现在分词和动名词都是由，在句中都能作表语和定语，而且都保留着动词的一些特征有其时态和语态的含义。二者的法区别有以下几点：）如果v.-ing式与被修饰名词逻辑上是主谓关系，就是现在分词，它相当于定语从句；如果逻上没有主谓关系，则是动名词，它以用介for个动名词来代替该介词短语应放在被修饰名词之后。例：①amovingcar正在移动的汽车（moving在分词amovingwhichismoving②aswimmingpool词apoolforswimming③awalkingstick手杖：动名词awalkingstickwalking冠词、物主代词、名词所有格或示代词的是动名词，用来构复合结构。独立主格结构中所用的的是现在分词。例Hiscomingwas（coming：动名词）Chinesebrave：现在分词）Itbeinghot,went（being现在分词）在分词相当于形容词，句中作定语或者状语，所以-ing形现在句中作主语，宾语，同位语时，它肯定动名词，-出现在句中作状语时，它肯定是现在分词。例Theytheand分词作状语）andhappypassionate.动名词词作主语同位语）名词和现在分词都可以于系动词之后作表语，区别①现在分词作表语主要用以说明语的性不能与主语互换位storyisinteresting可改isstory.②动名词作表语与主语指的是同件主语和表语的位置互语法和意思也不例如is可改为ishobby.(将原句中的主语与表语位置（六、在分词完成式和被式：）现在分词完成式，表示在句子谓语之前发生的动作和状态，现在分词的完成被动式，表示发生在谓语之前的一个被动动作，它们在子中一般只作状语。例learntalittleEnglish,hetriedtalktotheactress.由于原先学了一点英语，他试图那位英国女演员说话。beengivensuchchance,howcouldsheletitslip人家给了她这样一个机会，她怎能轻易放过？usedformanyrepairing.由于使用了多年，这台机器需要理。词一般被动式和语动作同时发生或正在发生语语。例whothemanoperated定语）他问正在被动手术的那个人是谁wegotthehall,thelecturebeingProfessorLiu.宾补）我们到达大厅时，发现刘教授正作讲演。Beingprotectedafelt（作状语）由于有一堵墙掩护着，他们感到安全。()1.Theflowers_______sweetinthegardenattractvisitorstobeautyofnature.A.smellB.smellingC.tosmellD.tosmelling()2.wastoldthatthereabout50foreignstudentsChineseintheschool,most_____fromGermany.A.study;B.study;C.studying;ofthemD.studying;()3.Themanager,____hisfactory’sproductswerepoorinquality,decidedtogivehisworkersfurthertraining.A.knowingB.knownC.toknowD.beingknown()4.there’saverylong,windingpath____tothehouse.A.leadingB.leadsC.ledD.tolead(theEnglishsettlersarrivedintheNewWorld,theIndians____jewellerymadeofanimalbonesgreetedthemwarmly.A.wearingB.towearC.wornD.havingworn()6.Thesaidshewouldaforherdaughterwiththe_____.A.dollarsremainedB.dollarsremainC.remained20dollarsD.remaining20dollars()7.Theflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket______thedesert.A.coveringB.coveredC.coverD.tocover()8.wastoldthatthereabout50foreignstudentsChineseintheschool,most_____fromGermany.A.study;B.study;C.studying;ofthemD.studying;()9.Thequestion______atpresentsomethingimportantwithourdailyA.todiscussingB.todiscussC.discussedD.beingdiscussed()10.isa_____country______tothethirdworld.A.developed;belongsB.developing;belongingC.developing;belongsD.developed;belonged()11.---ismantoteacher?---worker_____ourschool.A.talks,visitsB.istalking;visitingC.talking;visitingD.talking;visited()12.flowers_____sweetthebotanicgardenattractthethebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tosmelt()13.isanexperiencequitedifferentfromwatchingTV;therearepictures______yourmindinsteadofbeforeyoureyes.A.toformB.formC.formingD.havingformed()14.railwaywillleadtoTibet.A.beingbuiltB.builtC.tobebuiltD.tobuild()15.Mysister,aninexperiencedrider,wasfoundsittingthebicycle____tobalanceit.A.havingtriedB.tryingC.totryD.tried()16.Therearealotpeasants_______inthericefields.A.workB.whoworksC.workedD.working()17.andEarlautomechanics____thesamepay,butEarlhadmoreambition.A.toearnB.tohaveearnedC.earningD.earned()18.manager,____itcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithus,themeetingroom.A.hasmadeB.havingmadeC.D.making()19.____abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaytohismotherland.A.toworkB.workingC.tohaveworkedD.havingworked()20.manager,____hisfactoryproductswerepoorquality,decidedtogivehisworkersfurthertraining.A.knowingB.knownC.toknowD.beingknown()21.Atof29,Daveaworker,____insmallapartmentnearand____toabouthisfuture.A.living;wonderingB.lived;wonderingC.lived;wonderedD.living;wondered()22.nexthesawwassmoke____frombehindthehouse.A.roseB.risingC.toriseD.risen()23.Onreceivingphonecallfromhiswife____sheafall,Mr.Gordonimmediatelyrushedhisoffice.A.saysB.saidC.say