全新版大学英语第一册1new

Unit1

GrowingUp

PartIPre-readingTaskListentotherecordingtwoorthreetimesandthenthinkoverthefollowingquestions:1.DoyouknowwhoJohnLennonwas?2.Haveyoueverheardthesongbefore?3.WhatdoesLennonthinkofgrowingup?Isiteasyorfullofadventures?4.Canyouguesswhatthetextsinthisunitaregoingtobeabout?Unit1(Part1Pre-readingTask)Haveyoueverheardofthepopsinger,JohnLennon?Hereheissingingasonghewroteforhisson.It'scalledBeautifulBoy.CloseyoureyesHavenofearThemonster'sgoneHe'sontherunandyourdaddy'shereBeautiful,beautiful,beautifulBeautifulboyBeautiful,beautiful,beautifulBeautifulboyBeforeyougotosleepSayalittleprayerEverydayineverywayIt'sgettingbetterandbetterBeautiful,beautiful,beautifulBeautifulboyBeautiful,beautiful,beautifulBeautifulboyOutontheoceansailingawayIcanhardlywaitToseeyoucomeofageButIgusswe'llbothjusthavetobepatient'Causeit'salongwaytogoAhardrowtohoeYesit'salongwaytogoButinthemeantimeBeforeyoucrossthestreetTakemyhandLifeiswhathappenstoyouWhileyou'rebusymakingotherplansBeautiful,beautiful,beautifulBeautifulboyBeautiful,beautiful,beautifulBeautifulboyBeforeyougotosleepsayalittleprayerEverydayineverywayIt'sgettingbetterandbetterBeautiful,beautiful,beautifulBeautifulboyDarling,darling,darlingDarlingSeanYou'vejustheardJohnLennonsingingalullabytohissonSean.Alullabyisasongwesingtohelpbabiestogotosleep.SohetellsSean"Closeyoureyes,havenofear,yourdaddy'shere."Thenhelooksintothefuture.Heseeshissonsettingoutonlife'sadventure:OutontheoceansailingawayAndhecanhardlywaittoseehissongrowup,toreacheighteenwhenhecomesofageandcelebratesbecominganadult.Butheknowsthey'llbothhavetobepatient'Causeit'salongwaytogoAhardrowtohoeGrowingupcanbedifficult.Attimesitcan,aswesay,beahardrowtohoe.It'saphraseweusetodescribeanydifficulttask.Butifgrowingupissometimeshard,itisalsofullofsurprises.Thingshappenwhenweleastexpectthem:LifeiswhathappenstoyouWhileyou'rebusymakingotherplansIthinkyou'llfindthestoriesyouaregoingtoreadinthisunitshowthatJohnLennonwasright:growingupcanbequiteanadventure,fulloftheunexpected.AsforJohnLennon,Sadlyheneverdidlivetoseehissongrowupandcomeofage,forJohnwasshotdeadbyamadmaninNewYorkwhileSeanwasstillonlyfiveyearold.Thefollowingwordsintherecordingmaybenewtoyou:monster

n.怪物

prayer

n.祈祷

PartII

TextA

Whenwearewritingweareoftentoldtokeepourreadersinmind,toshapewhatwesaytofittheirtastesandinterests.Butthereisonereaderinparticularwhoshouldnotbeforgotten.Canyouguesswho?RussellBakersurprisedhimselfandeveryoneelsewhenhediscoveredtheanswer.

WRITINGFORMYSELF

RussellBaker

Theideaofbecomingawriterhadcometomeoffandon不时sincemychildhoodinBelleville,butitwasn'tuntilmythirdyearinhighschoolthatthepossibilitytookhold实现.UntilthenI'dbeenboredbyeverythingassociatedwithEnglishcourses.IfoundEnglishgrammardullanddifficult.Ihatedtheassignmentstoturnoutlong,lifelessparagraphsthatwereagonyforteacherstoreadandformetowrite.

WhenourclasswasassignedtoMr.Fleagleforthird-yearEnglishIanticipated期待anothercheerlessyearinthatmosttediousofsubjects.Mr.Fleaglehadareputation声望amongstudentsfordullnessandinabilitytoinspire鼓励.Hewassaidtobeveryformal,rigid古板andhopelesslyoutofdate.Tomehelookedtobesixtyorseventyandexcessively过分地prim规矩.Heworeprimlysevereeyeglasses,hiswavyhairwasprimlycutandprimlycombed深.Heworeprimsuitswithneckties领带setprimlyagainstthecollar紧张buttonsofhiswhiteshirts.Hehadaprimlypointedjaw,aprimlystraightnose直鼻,andaprimmannerofspeakingthatwassocorrect正确,sogentlemanly,thatheseemedacomic滑稽antique古.

Ipreparedforanunfruitful不生子女yearwithMr.Fleagleandforalongtimewasnotdisappointed.Lateintheyearwetackled解决theinformalessay散文.Mr.Fleagledistributed分发ahomeworksheetofferingusachoiceoftopics.Nonewasquitesosimple-mindedas"WhatIDidonMySummerVacation暑假,"butmostseemedtobealmostasdull.Itookthelist目录homeanddidnothinguntilthenightbeforetheessaywasdue应付.Lyingonthesofa,Ifinallyfacedupto勇敢地接受theunwelcometask,tookthelistoutofmynotebook,andscannedit.Thetopiconwhichmyeyestoppedwas"TheArtofEatingSpaghetti."

Thistitleproducedanextraordinary非常奇怪sequence一连串ofmentalimages.Vividmemoriescameflooding泛滥backofanightinBellevillewhenallofuswereseatedaroundthesuppertable—UncleAllen,mymother,UncleCharlie,Doris,UncleHal—andAuntPatservedspaghetti意大利面forsupper.Spaghettiwasstillalittleknownforeigndishinthosedays.NeitherDorisnorIhadevereatenspaghetti,andnoneoftheadultshadenoughexperiencetobegoodatit.Allthegoodhumor高兴ofUncleAllen'shousereawokeinmymindasIrecalledthelaughingarguments争论wehadthatnightaboutthesociallyrespectablemethodformovingspaghettifromplatetomouth.

SuddenlyIwantedtowriteaboutthat,aboutthewarmthandgoodfeelingofit,butIwantedtoputitdownsimplyformyownjoy,notforMr.Fleagle.ItwasamomentIwantedtorecapture重新体验andholdformyself.Iwantedtorelive重新体验thepleasureofthatevening.TowriteitasIwanted,however,wouldviolate违反alltherulesofformalcomposition创作I'dlearnedinschool,andMr.Fleaglewouldsurely想必giveitafailinggrade.Nevermind.IwouldwritesomethingelseforMr.FleagleafterIhadwrittenthisthingformyself.

WhenIfinisheditthenightwashalfgoneandtherewasnotimelefttocomposeaproper适当,respectable可敬essayforMr.Fleagle.TherewasnochoicenextmorningbuttoturninmytaleoftheBellevillesupper.TwodayspassedbeforeMr.Fleaglereturnedthegradedpapers,andhereturnedeveryone'sbutmine.IwaspreparingmyselfforacommandtoreporttoMr.FleagleimmediatelyafterschoolfordisciplinewhenIsawhimliftmypaperfromhisdeskandknockfortheclass'sattention.

"Now,boys,"hesaid."Iwanttoreadyouanessay.Thisistitled,'TheArtofEatingSpaghetti.'"

Andhestartedtoread.Mywords!Hewasreadingmywordsoutloudtotheentireclass.What'smore,theentireclasswaslistening.Listeningattentively.Thensomebodylaughed,thentheentireclasswaslaughing,andnotincontempt轻视andridicule嘲笑,butwithopen-heartedenjoyment.EvenMr.Fleaglestoppedtwoorthreetimestoholdback控制asmallprimsmile.

Ididmybesttoavoidshowingpleasure,butwhatIwasfeelingwaspuredelight高兴atthisdemonstration表明thatmywordshadthepowertomakepeoplelaugh.Intheeleventhgrade,attheeleventhhourasitwere,Ihaddiscoveredacalling.Itwasthehappiestmomentofmyentireschoolcareer.WhenMr.Fleaglefinishedheputthefinalsealon焊上myhappinessbysaying,"Nowthat,boys,isanessay,don'tyousee.It's—don'tyousee—it'softheveryessenceoftheessay,don'tyousee.Congratulations,Mr.Baker."

(797words)

NewWordsandExpressions

offandon

fromtimetotime;sometimes断断续续地；有时

possibilityasmuchasyoucan尽量[=]asmuchaspossible

n.可能（性）

takehold

becomeestablished生根，确立

bore

vt.make(sb.)becometiredandloseinterest使（人）厌烦

associatebeassociatedwith

vt.joinorconnecttogether;bringinthemind使联系起来；使联想

assignment

n.apieceofworkthatisgiventoaparticularperson（分配的）工作，任务，作业

turnout

produce编写；生产，制造

agony▲

n.verygreatpainorsufferingofmindorbody（身心的）极度痛苦

assign

vt.giveasashareorduty分配，分派

anticipate

vt.expect预期，期望

tedious

a.boringandlastingforalongtime乏味的；冗长的

reputation

n.名声；名誉

inability

n.lackofpower,skillorability无能，无力

inspireinspiresth.insb.使某人产生某种感情;激发某人的某种感情inspiresb.withsth.使某人产生某种感情;激发某人的某种感情osb.把某种思想灌输给某人vt.fill(sb.)withconfidence,eagerness,etc.激励，鼓舞

formal

a.(too)seriousandcarefulinmannerandbehavior;basedoncorrectoracceptedrules刻板的，拘谨的；正式的，正规的

rigid

a.(oftendisapproving)fixedinbehavior,viewsormethods;strict一成不变的；严格的

hopelessly

ad.verymuch;withouthope十分，极度；绝望地

excessively

ad.过分地

outofdate

old-fashioned过时的

prim

a.(usu.disapproving)(ofaperson)tooformalorcorrectinbehaviorandshowingadislikeofanythingrude;neat古板的，拘谨的；循规蹈矩的；整洁的

primlyad.

severe

pletelyplain;causingverygreatpain,difficulty,worry,etc.朴素的；严重的，剧烈的

necktie

n.tie领带

jaw

n.颌，颚

comic▲

a.滑稽的；喜剧的

n.连环漫画（册）

antique

n.古物，古玩

tackle

vt.trytodealwith处理，应付

essay

n.散文，小品文；论说文

distribute

vt.divideandgiveoutamongpeople,places,etc.分发，分配，分送

finally

ad.atlast最终，终于

faceupto

bebraveenoughtoacceptordealwith勇敢地接受或对付

scan

v.lookthroughquickly浏览，粗略地看

spaghetti

n.意大利式细面条

title

n.anamegiventoabook,film,etc.标题，题目

vt.giveanameto给…加标题，加题目于

extraordinary

a.veryunusualorstrange不同寻常的；奇特的

sequence

n.一连串相关的事物；次序，顺序insequence顺次,挨次inrapidsequence紧接着,一个接着一个inregularsequence按次序,有条不紊地thesequenceofevents事情的先后顺序

image

n.apictureformedinthemind形象；印象；（图）像

adult

n.afullygrownpersonoranimal成年人；成年动物

humor

n.心情；幽默，诙谐

recall

vt.bringbacktothemind;remember回想起，回忆起

argument

n.论据，论点；争论

respectable

a.(ofbehavior,appearance,etc.)sociallyacceptable可敬的；体面的；文雅的

putdown

writedown写下

recapture

vt.(lit)bringbackintothemind;experienceagain再现；再次经历

relive

vt.experienceagain,esp.inone'simagination再体验，重温

violate

vt.actagainst违背，违反

compose

vt.writeorcreate(music,poetry,etc.)创作becomposedof表示“由……组成”，没有becomprisedupof的表达方式

turnin

handin(workthatonehasdone)交（作业）

command

n.,v.命令，指令

discipline

n.punishment;orderkept(amongschool-children,soldiers,etc.)惩罚，处分；纪律

what'smore

inaddition,moreimportantly而且，此外；更有甚者

contempt▲

n.轻视，轻蔑

bebeneathcontempt极为荒谬可鄙的；不屑一顾bringintocontempt使受人鄙视bringcontemptupononeself自取其辱，自讨没趣commitforcontempt(ofcourt)判处藐视法庭罪fallintocontempt被人看不起，丢脸havesb.incontempt鄙视某人holdsb.incontempt鄙视某人incontemptof不顾，不把...放在眼里；藐视purgeone'scontempt【律】在藐视法庭后，认错或改正错误contemptofCongress[美]藐视国会（根据美国法律，应罚款或坐牢）

ridicule

n.makingorbeingmadefunof嘲笑，嘲弄；被戏弄

bringintoridicule(=cast[pour]ridiculeupon;coverwithridicule;holduptoridicule;turninto[to]ridicule)嘲笑,讽刺,挖苦holdsb.[sth.]uptoridicule嘲笑某人[某事]pourridiculeonsb.[sth.]尽情地嘲笑某人[某事]layoneselfopentoridicule使自己成为笑柄

open-hearted

a.sincere,frank诚挚的

holdback

preventtheexpressionof(feelings,tears,etc.)控制（感情、眼泪等）

avoid

vt.keeporgetawayfrom避免

demonstration

n.actofshowingorprovingsth.表明；证明

career

n.生涯，事业；职业

seal

n.印，图章

essence▲

n.themostimportantqualityofathing本质；精髓

congratulation

n.(usu.pl)expressionofjoyforsb.'ssuccess,luck,etc.祝贺，恭喜

ProperNames

RussellBaker

拉赛尔·贝克

Belleville

贝尔维尔（美国地名）

Fleagle

弗利格尔（姓氏）

Allen

艾伦（男子名）

Charlie

查理（男子名）

Doris

多丽丝（女子名）

Hal

哈尔（男子名，Henry,Harold的昵称）

Pat

帕特（女子名，Patricia的昵称）

AsasummerjobtheauthorusedtocutMr.Ballou'slawn.TheonlyproblemwasthatMr.Ballouneverseemedtohaveanymoneytopayforit.Butwhathedidhavetogivewassomethingthatturnedouttobefarmorevaluable.

夏天打工时，作者常常替巴卢先生修剪草坪。惟一的问题是，巴卢先生似乎从来没钱支付工钱。然而，他实际上所给予的却远比工钱珍贵。

SummerReadingMichaelDorris

1

WhenIwasfourteen,Iearnedmoneyinthesummerbycuttinglawns,andwithinafewweeksIhadbuiltupabodyofcustomers.IgottoknowpeoplebytheflowerstheyplantedthatIhadtoremembernottocutdown,bythethingstheylostinthegrassorstuckinthegroundonpurpose.IreachedthepointwithmostofthemwhenIknewinadvancewhatcomplaintwasabouttobespoken,whichparticularrequestwasmostimportant.(1)AndIlearnedsomethingaboutthemeasureofmyneighborsbytheirpreferredmethodofpayment:bythejob,bythemonth─ornotatall.夏日阅读迈克尔·多里斯

十四岁那年，我在暑假里替人修剪草坪挣些钱，不出几个星期，我就有了不少客户。客户们种植的花卉我得记住不能剪去，他们会将东西遗落在草地上或故意插在地里，通过这些我逐渐认识了他们。我对大多数客户了解至深，事先就能知道他们会抱怨些什么，哪些特别的要求不能掉以轻心。(1)而且，我从邻居偏爱的付款方式中了解到了一点他们的情况：有的按干的活儿给钱，有的按月支付─或者有的压根儿不付钱。

2

Mr.Balloufellintothelastcategory,andhealwayshadareasonwhy.Ononedayhehadnochangeforafifty,onanotherhewasflatoutofchecks,onanother,hewassimplyoutwhenIknockedonhisdoor.Still,exceptforthemoneypart,hewasaniceenougholdguy,alwayswavingortippinghishatwhenhe'dseemefromadistance.Ifiguredhimforathinretirementcheck,maybeawork-relatedinjurythatkepthimfromdoinghisownyardwork.Sure,Ikepttrackofthetotal,butIdidn'tworryabouttheamounttoomuch.(2)Grasswasgrass,andthelittlethatMr.Ballou'spropertycompriseddidn'ttakelongtotrim.

巴卢先生属于最后一类，而且他总有理由。有一天他兑不开一张五十元的钞票，又有一天他支票用完了，还有一天我上门时他干脆就溜出去了。撇开钱这档子事，他倒也还是个挺不错的老头，每次看见我，老远就挥手或脱帽致意。我猜他退休金不多，可能出过工伤，整不了自己的园子。没错，我全都记着账，可我对这点钱并没太在意。(2)也就是剪剪草，何况巴卢先生住宅外面的那一点草坪修剪起来花不了多少时间。

3

Then,onelateafternooninmid-July,thehottesttimeoftheyear,Iwaswalkingbyhishouseandheopenedthedoor,motionedmetocomeinside.Thehallwascool,shaded,andittookmyeyesaminutetoadjusttothedimlight.

到了一年中最热的七月中旬，一天傍晚前，我走过他家，他开了门，示意我进去。门厅里凉凉的，帘子遮去了阳光，过了一会儿我的眼睛才适应室内的暗淡光线。

4

"Ioweyou,"Mr.Balloubegan,"but…"

"我欠你工钱，"巴卢先生开口道，"不过……"

5

IthoughtI'dsavehimthetroubleofthinkingupanewexcuse."Noproblem.Don'tworryaboutit."

我想省得他费神找新的借口了，就说:"没事。别放在心上。"

6

"Thebankmadeamistakeinmyaccount,"hecontinued,ignoringmywords."Itwillbeclearedupinadayortwo.ButinthemeantimeIthoughtperhapsyoucouldchooseoneortwovolumesforadownpayment."

"银行把我的账弄错了，"他没理我的碴儿，接着说，"一两天里就会改过来。在这当儿，我想你不妨挑一两本书作为我的首付款。"

7

HegesturedtowardthewallsandIsawthatbookswerestackedeverywhere.Itwaslikealibrary,exceptwithnoordertothearrangement.

他朝墙那边指了指，我这才发现到处都堆着书。就跟图书馆一样，只不过没有分门别类罢了。

8

"Takeyourtime,"Mr.Ballouencouraged."Read,borrow,keep.Findsomethingyoulike.Whatdoyouread?"

"别着急，"巴卢先生鼓动说，"读也好，借也好，留着也行。找你喜欢的。你平常都爱读什么书啊？"

9

"Idon'tknow."AndIdidn't.Igenerallyreadwhatwasinfrontofme,whatIcouldgetfromthepaperbackstackatthedrugstore,whatIfoundatthelibrary,magazines,thebackofcerealboxes,comics.Theideaofconsciouslyseekingoutaspecialtitlewasnewtome,but,Irealized,notwithoutappeal─soIstartedtolookthroughthepilesofbooks.

"我不知道。"我的确不知道。我通常是弄到什么就读什么，从药房里买到的平装书，图书馆里借得到的书、杂志，到麦片包装盒背面的说明，还有连环漫画，什么都看。有意识地找出一本特别的书来读对我是件新鲜事，不过我觉得这主意挺不错──于是我开始在书堆中翻找起来。

10

"Youactuallyreadallofthese?"

"这么多书你都读过啊？"

11

"Thisisn'tmuch,"Mr.Ballousaid."Thisisnothing,justwhatI'vekept,theonesworthlookingatasecondtime."

"这不算多，"巴卢先生说，"这根本不算多，只不过是我自己的藏书，都是值得再读一遍的。"

12

"Pickforme,then."

"那就替我找一本吧。"

13

Heraisedhiseyebrows,cockedhishead,andregardedmeasthoughmeasuringmeforasuit.Afteramoment,henodded,searchedthroughastack,andhandedmeadarkredhardboundbook,fairlythick.

他眉一抬，头一侧，望着我，就像是在给我量体裁衣似的。过了片刻，他略一点头，便在一堆书中搜寻，然后递给我一本暗红色封面的精装本，挺厚的。

14

"TheLastoftheJust,"Iread."ByAndreSchwarz-Bart.What'sitabout?"

"《最后的正义》，"我念道，"安德烈·施瓦兹巴特著。是讲什么的？"

15

"Youtellme,"hesaid."Nextweek."

"你来告诉我，"他说，"下个星期。"

16

Istartedaftersupper,sittingoutdoorsonanuncomfortablekitchenchair.(3)Withinafewpages,theyard,thesummer,disappeared,andIwasplungedintotheachingtragedyoftheHolocaust,theextraordinaryclashofgood,representedbyonedecentman,andevil.TranslatedfromFrench,thelanguagewaselegant,simple,impossibletoresist.WhentheeveninglightfinallyfailedImovedinside,readallthroughthenight.

晚饭后我坐在室外一张不舒服的餐椅里打开了书。(3)读了几页，院子就消失了，夏夜也消失了；我一下子就进入了二战期间纳粹对犹太人的大屠杀这一令人悲痛的惨剧中，进入了以一个正派人物为代表的善与恶之间非同寻常的冲突中。书译自法文，译文优美朴素，令人不忍释手。天色终于暗了下来，我回到室内，读了一个通宵。

17

Tothisday,thirtyyearslater,Ivividlyremembertheexperience.Itwasmyfirstvoluntaryencounterwithworldliterature,andIwasstunnedbytheconcentratedpoweranovelcouldcontain.Ilackedthevocabulary,however,totranslatemyfeelingsintowords,sothenextweek,whenMr.Ballouasked,"Well?"Ionlyreplied,"Itwasgood."

时至三十年后的今天，我仍清晰地记得当时的经历。那是我初次有心地接触世界文学，我被一部小说所能包含的集聚的力量深深震撼。但我缺乏足够的词汇表达我的情感，因此，第二个星期，当巴卢先生问我"怎么样"时，我只回答说："书真好。"

18

"Keepit,then,"hesaid."ShallIsuggestanother?"

"那就留着吧，"他说，"要不要我再介绍一本？"

19

Inodded,andwaspresentedwiththepaperbackeditionofMargaretMead'sComingofAgeinSamoa.

我点点头，拿到了一本平装本的玛格丽特·米德的《萨摩亚人的成年》。

20

Tomaketwolongstoriesshort,Mr.Ballouneverpaidmeacentforcuttinghisgrassthatyearorthenext,butforfifteenyearsItaughtanthropologyatDartmouthCollege.(4)SummerreadingwasnottheinnocententertainmentIhadassumedittobe,notalight-hearted,instantlyforgettableescapeinahammock(thoughIhavesinceenjoyedmanyofthose,too).Abook,ifitarrivesbeforeyouattherightmoment,intheproperseason,atanintervalinthedailybusinessofthings,willchangethecourseofallthatfollows.

长话短说，无论当年还是次年，巴卢先生分文未付我替他割草的工钱，但我在达特默思大学教了十五年的人类学。(4)盛夏阅读不是我原先认为的仅仅借以消磨时光的娱乐，不是躺在吊床上无忧无虑、打开书本就什么都忘掉的一种消遣（虽然自从那个夏天以来我曾多次以这种方式自娱自乐）。一本书，如果在恰当的时候，恰当的季节，在日常事务的间歇中出现在你的面前，就会改变你此后的人生道路。

1.onpurpose

intentionally故意地

e.g.Icamehereonpurposetoseeyou.

2.inadvance

aheadintime预先,事先

e.g.Youmustpayforthebookinadvance.

3.comprise

vt.haveaspartsormembers包含,包括;由…组成

e.g.Thecommitteecomprisesmenofwidely