高考英语备考故事类与说明文阅读理解专题

高考英语备考故事类与说明文阅读理解专题一Onedilemmathatthesuperfamousfaceisbalancingtheneedsofprivacyandrecognition.Forsomestarsprivacyisanovervaluedthing.In1919,DouglasFairbanksandMaryPickfordwentontheirEuropeanhoneymoon.Thetwointernationalidolshaddivorcedtheirpreviousspousesandwereconcernedabouthowtheywouldbegreeted.Theyneedn'thaveworried.InLondontheircarwassurroundedbyadmiringwomenwhopulledMaryoutofthecartoshakeherhand,stillgratefulaftertwoyearsforhereffortssellingwarbonds（债券）.InParistheycouldn'tgetanysleepwithcrowdsgatheringbelowtheirhotelroomtosingandplayforthem.InAmsterdamtheyattendedapartyandweremobbedbyotherguestswhowantedtogetclosetothem.TheathleticFairbanksplacedhiswifeonhisshoulderandescapedthroughthewindow.Finally,theyfoundprivacyinHamburg,wheretheirmovieswerenotshownbecauseofWorldWarI.Foranhourthefamousnewly-marriedcouplewalkedonthestreetsunnoticeduntilboredMaryturnedtoherhusbandandsaid,"Doug,I'msickofthis.Let'sgobacktooneofthosecountrieswheretheymobus."JoanCrawfordhadsimilarfeelings.Onceinthe1930sshewasstayinginNewYorkgettingoverherbreakupwithClarkGable.Tiredofstayingaroundherhotelfeelingsodown,shetoldherentouragetheyshouldgooutandgetsomefreshair.Theentourage,whohadtroublekeepingupwiththestar'squickpace,wereshockedwhenshewalkedawayfromtheirplannedroad."OhmyGod.She'sgoingintoGrandCentralStation!"Someoneshouted,"Look,it'sJoanCrawford!Andshewasmobbed."Ittookthemthirtyminutestoescapethecrowdandgetbacktotheirhotelsuite.Herhairdisheveled,herdresstornandherfacescratched,Crawfordleanedagainstthedooroutofbreath."Oh,ohmy!Thatwaswonderful.Let'sdoitagain!"1.WhatdidDouglasandMaryworryaboutbeforegoingtoEurope?Nobodywouldgreetthem. B.Theywouldn'tbewelcomed.C.Theirwarbondswouldn'tsellwell. D.Theirschedulewouldbemadepublic.2.WhatdoesMary'swordsinthesecondparagraphsuggest?A.Hamburgwastooquietaplaceforher. B.Hermoviesweren'tshowninHamburg.C.Shefellillafterarrivinginanewplace. D.Shedidn'treallyenjoyprivacysomuch.3.WhatdidJoanCrawfordthinkofherbeingmobbedinNewYork?A.Amusing.B.Enjoyable. C.Dangerous. D.Embarrassing.4.Whatarethetwostoriesintendedtoconvey?A.Starsmayfeeldownfromtimetotime. B.Starsdeservepeople'sloveandrespect.C.Starsneedbothprivacyandpublicattention.D.Starsarenotalwayspopulararoundtheworld.二In2013,Deeganwastryingtotakecontrolofherlifeafterwinningthefightagainstdrinking.Shedidquit,butshewashavingdifficultyreconnectingwithpeople.Evenlookingsomeoneintheeyesprovedtobedifficult.“Iwassortoflikeashellofapersonandjustdidn'treallyhavemanylifeskillsorself-confidence,”Deegansaid.However,bakingwassomethingthatalwaysbroughtherjoyasachild.Onedaywhilehelpingoutintheneighborhood,Deeganpickedupahandheldmixerandstartedbaking.“Mylifewasjustoutofcontrol,butbakingissuchacontrolledthing,whereifyoutaketherightstepsandfollowthedirections,you'llgetaprettyexactresult,”shesaid.Deeganstartedbringingherhomemadebakedcookiestopeople'shomes,whichhelpedherreconnectwithpeople.“Feedingpeopleissuchauniversallovelanguage,”shesaid.However,shewasstilltryingtofigureouthowtofindacareerat27yearsold.Shehadnorealworkexperienceandshecouldn'tput“quitdrinking'”onherresume.Deegan'slifeshiftedin2015.Encouragedbyherfriends,shechallengedherselftoseeifshecouldselljustonepie.Shesolddozens!Shebeganbakingoutofhertinyapartmentandeventuallylaunchedanofficialbusinessin2017.Shespentfouryearsdevelopingapiecrustcookierecipe,whichhassincebecomethebreadandbutterofherbusiness.“Peoplehavebeenwalking,runningandlininguptogetcookies,andit'sjustbeensomagicalseeingthat,”shesaid.Whensheneedsmorehelp,Deegansaysshelooksforanyonewhoisjustexcitedtowork,eveniftheydon'thaveanyexperience.Afterherownstruggle,sherealizedthatthedesiretoworkwasbetterthanhavingacertainskillset.Andshebecameasecond-chanceemployer,hiringwomenoutofprisonorthesheltersystem.“Youjusthavetowalkthroughthedoorandbeready,willingandableandexcitedtoshowupandworkandyou'vegotajob,”Deegantoldthereporter.1.WhatwasDeeganmainlystrugglingwithin2013?A.Emotionmanagement.B.Interpersonalrelationship.C.Work-lifebalance.D.Alcoholaddiction.2.WhatpreparedDeeganforherbakerybusiness?A.Workingpreviouslyinthebakingindustry.B.Seeingpeoplerunningtogetcookies.C.Wantingdesperatelytogaintotalcontrol.D.Offeringbakedfoodoutofgoodwill.3.Accordingtoparagraph4and5,whatisspecialaboutDeeganandherbusiness?A.Sheachievedsuccessthroughbaking.B.Shewasambitiousaboutherbusiness.C.Shehasanopen-dooremploymentpolicy.D.Sheonlyhiredinexperiencedworkers.4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDeegan?A.Creativeandsmart.B.Persistentandreceptive.C.Honestandoptimistic.D.Kindandeasy-going.三Caterpillars(毛毛虫)areentry-levelanimals.Ifyoulivesomewherewheregrassgrows,theyrethere,kid-sizeandkid-friendly.Andtheyaresearchable:aslongasyouhaveaccesstoatreeandhaveenoughpatience,youwillfindthem.ButIdidn’t.IgrewuparoundconcreteinNewYorkCity,aplacethatisn’ttreeless,butit’sentirelypossibletoforgetthingssuchastheexistenceoftrees.Ididntrememberevermeeting,letalonediscoveringanactualcaterpillar.ButIdidknowone.Hewastheveryhungrycaterpillar.EveryoneIknewknewtheveryhungrycaterpillar,thestarofEricCarle’saward-winningpicturebook.Carle,whodiedat91,introducedhimin1969;bythetimeIwasfirstdiscoveringthebookinthelate1980s,Ihadbeeninthesecondgenerationofkidstomeethim.InCarlescollages(拼贴画),hewasblank-eyedbutbeautiful.Thecaterpillardoesn’thaveaname;hejusthasahungerforfood.Thejourneyofthebooktakeshimthroughthecolorfulproductsofthehumanworld.Afteraninitialbiteofanapple,antheforest,hemovesontothegloriesofcivilization:apieceofSwisscheese,asliceofsalami(意大利香肠),achocolatecake...Forakid,thesearethewondersoftheworld.Inaninterview,Carlesaid,TheVeryHungryCaterpillarisabookofhope.Youcanalsogrowupandgrowwings.Lookatthat:Wedid!Wewerehungry;wewerecurious;wetookpleasureinexploring;weappreciated.Lastweek,mygoodfriendsbabyturned1.Isenthimthisbook.HelivesinVermont,sohecanknowcaterpillarsfromtrees.Buthashemetsalami?1.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“Ididn’t”inParagraph2?Shewasn’tabletogetclosetonature.Shewasunabletohaveaccesstoactualtrees.Shefailedtomeetanddiscoverarealcaterpillar.Shedidn’thavethepatiencetosearchforacaterpillar.2.WhatdoweknowaboutTheVeryHungryCaterpillar?Ithasdeeplyaffectedtwogenerationssofar.Itmainlytellsastoryaboutacuriouswriter.Itwaswellreceivedbythosearoundtheauthor.Itbecameavailabletothepublicinthelate1960s.3.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph4?Giveabriefdescriptionofthebook.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.Addsomebackgroundinformation.4.Whydidtheauthorsendthepicturebooktoherfriend’sbaby?Toassisthiminknowingmoreofsalami.Tohelphimtoexploretheoutsideworld.Toarousethebaby’scuriosityaboutItaly.Toinspirehimtohaveasenseofadventure.四AsIwashdishesatthekitchensink,myhusband,Scott,pacesbehindme,annoyed.“Haveyouseenmykeys?”heasks.InthepastIwouldhaveturnedoffthetapandjoinedthehuntwhiletryingtocomfortmyhusband.Butthatonlymadehimangrier.Now,Ifocusonthewetdishinmyhands.Idon’tturnaround.Idon’tsayaword.I’musingatechniqueIlearnedfromadolphintrainer.ForabookIwaswritingaboutanimaltrainers’school,Istartedspendingmydayswatchingprofessionaltrainersdotheseeminglyimpossible:teachingdogstodanceoncommandandchimpstoskateboard.Eventuallyithitmethatthesametechniquesmightworkonthatstubbornbutlovablespecies,theAmericanhusband.ThecentrallessonIlearnedisthatIshouldrewardbehaviourIlikeandignorebehaviourIdon’t.Afterall,youdon’tgetasealiontobalanceaballontheendofitsnosebytalking.ThesamegoesfortheAmericanhusband.IbeganthankingScottifhethrewonedirtyshirtintothelaundrybasket.Ifhethrewintwo,I’dkisshim.Iwasusingwhattrainerscall“approximations”,rewardingthesmallstepstowardlearningawholenewbehaviour.WithScottthehusband,Ibegantopraiseeverysmallacteverytime:ifhedrovejustamileanhourslower,orwasontimeforanything.IfollowedthestudentstoSeaWorldSanDiego,whereadolphintrainerintroducedmetoLeastReinforcingScenario(L.R.S.).Whenadolphindoessomethingwrong,thetrainerdoesn’trespondinanyway.Theideaisthatanyresponse,positiveornegative,fuelsabehaviour.Ifabehaviourcausesnoresponse,ittypicallydiesaway.Itwasonlyamatteroftimebeforehewasagainsearchingforhiskeys,atwhichpointIsaidnothingandkeptatwhatIwasdoing.Ittookalotofdisciplinetomaintainmycalm,butresultswereimmediate.IfeltasifIshouldthrowhimasmallfish.1.Whatcanweinferaboutthewriter?A.Shetreatsherhusbandlikeanimals. B.Sheoftenquarrelswithherhusband.C.Shebehavesdifferentlytoherhusband. D.She’sdeterminedtolearnfromthedolphin.2.Howdidthewritergettheideaoftreatingherhusband?A.Byrewardingherhusband. B.Bywritingabookonanimals.C.Byfocusingonwashingthedishes. D.Bywatchingprofessionaltraining.3.Whatwillhappenifthetrainerdoesn’trespondtothedolphin’smistake?A.Itwillforgetthemistake. B.Itwillfeelembarrassed.C.Itwillrememberitsmistake. D.Itwillrepeatthewrongaction.4.Whatisthetoneofthetext?A.Serious.B.Humorous.C.Aggressive.D.Doubtful.五Itisanunpleasantextinctionthatwillchangetheworldandhowpeoplecommunicate:within20years,twothirdsofalltheplanet’slanguageswillbedead.Expertsagreethatnothingcanstopithappeningbutoneacademicistryingherhardesttoslowitdown.ProfessorAntonellaSoraceisoneofagrowingnumberwhobelievelearningasecondlanguagehasenormousuntappedbenefitsforthehumanbrain.Thisistruenotonlyforyoungchildrenbutalsoforadultsandpeopleatriskfromdementia(痴呆)whereresearchconsistentlyshowsthatlearninganewlanguagecoulddelaythestartofthediseaseforfourtofiveyears—abetterresultthanwithanymedicationtodate.Itisthosebenefitsofbilingualism(双语)thatshouldencourageustopreserveandprotectEurope’sminoritylanguages—Gaelic,Manx,CornishandUlsterScots,shesays.AlreadyherworkandtheprojectshefoundedthreeyearsagoinEdinburgh,BilingualismMatters—nowexpandingacrossEuropeandintheUS—haveconvincedtheScottishgovernmenttointroducelanguagestoprimaryschools.From2023allScottishchildrenwillbelearningalanguageotherthanEnglishintheirfirstyearatschool,withtwootherlanguagestobeintroducedlater.BilingualismMattersisalsoworkingtoencouragebusinessestoconsiderthebenefitsoftheirstafflearninglanguages.“Inbusiness,peoplesay‘Englishisthelanguageofbusiness,whywouldIneedtolearnanotherlanguage?’”saidSorace.“Maybeitwouldmeanyoucoulddobetterbusiness.”Justasdisappearingforeststakewiththemsecretsofundiscoveredmedicines,disappearinglanguagescantakethekeytoalongerandbetterqualityoflife.Thefirstbattleistounpickthepopularassumptionthatbilingualismmightdamagechildren’sbrains.Therewereevensuggestionsitcouldencourageschizophrenia(精神分裂症).Studyafterstudyhasshowntheoppositetobetrue,saysSorace.“Theseprejudicesaredeeplyrooted,butweareperhapshalfwaytopersuadingpeoplethatthebraincancope.Thenwehavetopersuadepeoplethatitisactuallyofbenefit.”1.Whatwillhappentothemajorityoftheworld’slanguages?A.Theywillbecomeextinctindecades. B.Theywillbelearntbymoreacademics.C.Theywillpreventtheriskofdementia. D.Theywillhelppeoplebettercommunicate.2.What’sBilingualismMattersintendedtodo?A.FindareplacementforEnglish. B.Teachbusinessesmarketingskills.C.Promoteminoritylanguagelearning. D.Influencegovernments’policymaking.3.What’sthetoppriorityinpreservingminoritylanguages?A.Gettingridofpeople’sfearformentalillnesses. B.Findingthekeytopromotingpeople’swelfare.C.Unlockingthesecretsofundiscoveredmedicines. D.CorrectingthemisconceptionaboutBilingualism.4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ThebenefitsofBilingualism B.ThefoundingofBilingualismMattersC.Anewchallengefacinglanguageteaching D.Aprofessorfightingtosaveminoritylanguages六“Medicine,law,business,engineering,thesearenoblepursuits,andnecessarytosustainlife.Butpoetry,beauty,romance,love,thesearewhatwestayalivefor.”Thisisdedicatedtomyfirst-yearselffouryearsago,whowasaddictedtogettinggoodgrades,andfailedtoseekthehappinessfoundineverythingelsethatcollegehastooffer.Likesomepeople,Igrewupwithafamilythatvaluedacademicsoverallelse,whogaveyoualittleextralovewhenyouweredoinggreatinyourclasses,andtookitawaywhenyoudidn’t.Asaresult,myself-worthbecametiedtomyacademicsuccess.Asaninternationalstudent,Isometimesfeltourparentsdidn’tquiteunderstandtheheavyacademicweight.Thereisadifferencebetweentryingtoalwaysbetteryourselfforyourself,andsimplyputtingtoomuchonyourplateuntilyouburnoutfromattemptingtoliveuptocertainexpectations.Weshouldallstrivetodotheformer,butunfortunatelyourmindsetshavebeenalwayswiredtofollowthelatter.Iusedtobelieveschoolkilledthecreativespiritinsideallofus,butasIgetolderandfurtherintomyacademiccareer,Ifindthatitiswewhomakethechoicetokillthatcreativespirit.IamdefinitelynotsayingthatyoushouldthrowyourGPAoutofthewindowandgopaintingallday.However,weshouldalltrytodevelopalong-sightedperspectiveonhowwewanttoshapeourlives.Takesomeclassesontopicsthatyou’regenuinelyinterestedinlearningabout,notjustpassing.Joinclubsorworkonprojectsthatresonatewithyouandpushyoubeyondyourboundaries.Andmostofall,acceptthefactthatfailureandlossaresometimesinevitableinlife.Ipromiseyou,whenyoulookbackatthesefouryears,youwillnotrememberthegoodgradesorthebadgrades,butyouwillholdinyourmemorytheconnectionsyoumadewithpeople,thethingsthatinspiredyoutocreateandthetimesyoulearnedsomethingspecial.AndsoIaskyounow,whatdoyouwanttogetoutofcollege?1.Whoistheauthorofthepassage?A.Aprofessor. B.Afreshman. C.Aparent. D.Agraduate.2.Whatdidtheauthor’sparentsstressmostonhiscollegelife?A.Seekinghappiness. B.Gettinggoodgrades.C.Buildingself-worth. D.Developingvariousinterests.3.Whatisbetteringourselvesforaccordingtotheauthor?A.Tobeabetterself. B.Torealizeourdreams.C.Topushourboundaries. D.Toliveuptoothers’expectations.4.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Academicgrowthhelpstopromotecreativity.B.Studentsthemselveshaveasayintheirhobbies.C.Failurescanbeavoidedwithmoreeffortsputin.D.Schoolistoblameforkillingstudents’creativity.七MyhusbandandIalwayswantedtogototheCaribbeanbutdidn’tknowmuchabouttheislandsorhowweweregoingtoaffordit.Bychance,afriendofoursinAustraliamentioned“petsitting”andthatitissomethingyoucandoallovertheworld.Wequicklycreatedanaccountonapetsittingwebsiteandbegansearchingforoptions.Therewereonlyacoupleofsitsavailableinthatpartoftheworld,butwetriedourluck,sentarequest,andtooursurpriselandedathree-monthjobinGrenada,soouryearwasgoingtobetakenupwithCaribbeanpetsits.InspiredbyaCanadiancouple,wedecidedtostartourowntravelblog.WebeganbywritingaboutTheVirginIslands,highlightingthebeautifulbeaches.However,foreveryphotoalbumofabeautifulbeach,therewere10photosoftrash(垃圾).Itwashardtoignoretheplasticpollutionissue,especiallyonsuchprimitiveandremotebeaches.So,webegantosharephotosofthetrashwesawandhowmuchwecouldpickuponourdailydogwalks.Themorewelookedintoplasticpollution,themorewerealizedtheseverityoftheglobalplasticpollution.Fromthatpoint,weusedourplatformtocreateawarenessandhighlightwaystosaynotoplasticandtravelplastic-free.Wechangedourdailyroutines,ourwayofliving,andevenourdietstoaccommodatemoreorganicfoodsandlittletonoplasticpackaging.It’sbeenoverthreeyearsnowandwecontinuetodowhatwecan.Thisjourneyhasledustosomeamazingplaces,workingwithgreatbrandsandevenorganizingacountry-widebeachclean-upcampaigninGrenada.Ouraimnowistokeepongoing.Weloveconnectingwithlike-mindedpeople.It’sbeenamazingfewyearsthatwassparkedbyaconversationaboutpetsitting.Whowouldhaveguessed?1.Whydidtheauthordopetsitting?A.Toraisefund. B.Toprotecttheenvironment.C.Tocovertravelexpenses. D.Toshootbeautifulbeaches.2.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoconveythroughherstory?A.Petsittingisanewtypeofoccupation.B.TheCaribbeanisanidealtraveldestination.C.Travelblogisasuperbwaytogainpopularity.D.Actionshouldbetakentofightplasticpollution.3.HowdidtheauthorfindherexperienceintheCaribbean?A.Significant. B.Challenging.C.Adventurous. D.Dreadful.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ChangingLifestylesbyPetSittingB.UnexpectedGainsfromPetSittingTravelC.DealingwithGlobalEnvironmentPollutionD.TheAvailabilityofPetSittingintheCaribbean八WhenwemovedintoourhomeinMaui,Hawaii,16yearsago,onegoodthingaboutthishousewasthehugeavocadotreegrowinginthebackyard.ThistreegavethemostdeliciousavocadosIhavee