2019版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题(含解析)3

2019版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题（4）李仕才PartA：完形填空AOnedayinwinter,acoupleofgoodfriendsheadedforafrozenlakenearbytoskateonice.Theboyswerebetweenfiveandtenyearsold.Whentheywereskating,oneoftheboysheadeddeeperintothelake,but__1__hefoundhimselfskatingonvery__2__ice.Beforehecould__3__it,hehadfallenthroughtheiceintotheicywaterbelow.Havingseenthis,hisfriends__4__towardshimbutcouldnotgethimoutofthelake__5__theicelayerhadformedbackandtheboywas__6__underthetransparentlayer.Theycouldseehim__7__butcoulddonothingtohelphim.Thenoneofhisfriends__8__toseeatreeinthedistance.Heskatedtoitasfastashecould,__9__abranchandthenwithallhis__10__hestarteddiggingintotheice.Hisworkproved__11__andhemanagedtomakeahole__12__enoughtopullhisfriendout.Bythetimetheambulancearrived,asmallcrowdhadgathered.Theywereall__13__therescuerforhis__14__andcalmness.However,theywereallsurprisedaswell,and__15__howayoungboycouldbreaksuchabigbranch.__16__，thebranchwasbiggerandheavierthanwhatapersonofthatagegroupcouldcarry,dragittothespotand__17__itagainandagaintohammeraholeintheice.Itlookedlikeasuperhuman__18__.How?Howdidhemanagetodoit?Itwasimpossible!Duringthe__19__，anoldmanspokeup,“Iknowhowhedidit.”Everybodylookedathimin__20__.Theoldmansaid,“Hecoulddoitbecausetherewasnobodyaroundhimwhosaidhecouldn't！”B.probablyC.unfairlyD.hardlyB.heavyC.lightD.thinB.realizeC.clearD.protectB.laughedC.rushedD.wavedB.thoughC.ifD.unlessB.pushedC.trappedD.seatedB.strugglingC.tryingD.breathingB.continuedC.wantedD.happenedB.touchedC.brokeD.climbed10.A.strengthB.wealthC.interestD.freedom11.A.trueB.successfulC.attractiveD.risky12.A.brightB.deepC.largeD.round13.A.praisingB.comfortingC.encouragingD.advising14.A.honestyB.braveryC.generosityD.knowledge15.A.imaginedB.repliedC.imitatedD.wondered16.A.ObviouslyB.HopefullyC.DelightfullyD.Occasionally17.A.throwB.raiseC.turnD.knock18.A.signB.lessonC.effortD.idea19.A.performanceB.breakC.meetingD.discussion20.A.advanceB.silenceC.despairD.belief[文章粗心]小男孩是怎么做到他人以为不行能的事情的呢？由于没人说他做不到。1.A。不幸的是(unfortunately)，小男孩发现自己在一处很薄的(thin)冰上溜冰。D。拜见上题分析。B。小男孩还没反响过来，就掉下去了。realize“理解，认识到”，切合语境。4.C。其余几个男孩看到伙伴掉到水里都冲(rushed)了过去。225.A。空处后为“couldnotgethimoutofthelake”的原由，故用because。6.C。依据“theicelayerhadformedback”可知，小男孩被困在冰下边了。trap“困住”，切合语境。7.B。依据知识可知，小男孩应当是在冰下边挣扎(struggling)。8.D。依据“atreeinthedistance”可推知，有个男孩刚巧看见远处的一棵树。happentodosth.“刚巧做某事”。9.C。依据“hestarteddiggingintotheice”可推知，那个男孩折(broke)了一个树枝。10.A。要在冰上凿一个洞，小男孩自然要用尽自己全部的力气(strength)。11.B。依据下文的“hemanagedtomakeahole”可知，小男孩成功了。应选B项。12.C。依据后边的“enoughtopullhisfriendout”可知，小男孩凿开的洞要足够大(large)。A。他们都在夸奖(praising)小男孩的英勇(bravery)和沉着。B。拜见上题分析。15.D。依据前面的“theywereallsurprised”可知，他们很想知道(wondered)小男孩是怎么做到的。A。依据“thebranchwasbiggerandheavier”可知，树枝比较大、比较沉，像他那样大的孩子明显(Obviously)是拿不动的。17.B。依据后边的“tohammerahole”可推知，小男孩要一次又一次地举起(raise)树枝才能砸冰。C。这里用effort指小男孩非凡的努力。19.D。依据上文的“Howdidhemanagetodoit？”可知，人们在谈论小男孩是怎么做到的。应选D项。20.B。老人要说明原由，大家产然是静静地看着他。应选B项。B(2015·呼和浩特第一次调研)The100thRunningShoeKeychainWhenIwasingrade6，Ijoinedthecrosscountryrunningclub.Ihatedrunningbut__1__becausemyfriendswereintheclub.IworkedhardbutnomatterhowhardItrained，I__2__cameinthelast.AfteryetanothermeetwhereIcameinlast，ItoldmycoachthatIwasgoingto__3__.Icouldn’trun.IhatedrunningandallIwasdoingwaspullingthe__4__down.Idon’trememberhiswords，butIdorememberhe__5__toletmequit.IrememberfeelingthathebelievedinmeeventhoughIdidn’tme.Instead，healwaysencouragedmetokeepgoing，andtoldmethatIcoulddoit.3Thenthefinalmeetcame，ahuge__7__withlessthantwohundredstudentsrunning.Welearnedthatnotonlythefirst20students__8__thelinewouldwinanaward，butalsothefirst100wouldbegivenarunningshoekeychainasencouragement.WesetoffandIquickly__9__behind.Ididn’tstopandkeptrunning.Myfriendswho__10__meencouragedmetokeeprunning.WhenIpassedthe__11__，finally，andreceivedthe100thkeychain，therewerestillseveralstudentsbehindme.Forthefirsttime，Iwasnotthe__12__one！IrememberhowexcitedIfeltandhowmyfriendsfelthappyforme.Thefollowingweektherewasaschoolgathering.Wewereallcalledupinfrontoftheschool.Thecoachsharedthatwewerehigh__13__atthemeet，andalmosteveryoneontheteamcamehomewith__14__.Ifeltashamed，forIwastheonewhodidn’twinanaward.Ionlycameinthe100thplaceanddidn’t__15__hispraise.Thenhecamebehindme，puthishandsonmyshouldersandtoldtheschoolhewas__16__ofmebecauseInevergaveupandbecauseofthat，Ipulledfromlast__17__tothemiddleoftherace—whichwasanunbelievablepersonal__18__.Hespokeonhowweall__19__oneanotherandhowwellweworkedtogether，__20__weallwereracingalone.Istillkeepthatkeychain，whichtellsmenevertogiveupandalwaysworkwithothers.Itdoesn’tmatterifyouarethefirst；whatmattersisdoingyourbest.【解题导语】本文是一篇记述文。不擅跑步的作者加入跑步俱乐部在竞赛中每每失落。作者萌发退意，以后在教练的鼓舞和队友的支持下获得了很大进步，进而得出了不轻言放弃、要与他人合作的人生感悟。1．A.joinedB．obeyedC．agreedD．practised分析：选A。考察动词辨析。join意为“参加，加入”；obey意为“听从，恪守”；agree意为“赞同”；practise意为“练习”。由文章第一句中的“joined”提示可知，作者只管不喜爱跑步，但仍是由于自己的朋友参加了而加入了跑步俱乐部。故答案选A。2．A.approximatelyB．constantlyC．personallyD．absolutely分析：选B。考察副词辨析。approximately意为“大概”；constantly意为“一直，一直”；personally意为“亲身地，个别地”；absolutely意为“完整地，绝对地”。空格前一分句为退步状语从句，所以此空格所在的句子应与前一分句组成转折。由此可知，此处指不管作者怎么努力训练但仍是常常跑最后一名。这与下文作者想退出竞赛相响应。故答案选B。3．A.fallB．loseC．quitD．rest44分析：选C。考察动词辨析。fall意为“跌倒，掉下”；lose意为“丢掉，失败”；quit意为“退出”；rest意为“歇息”。由上文可知，作者常常跑最后一名，在经历了又一次失败后，作者告诉教练自己想退出俱乐部的竞赛。故答案选C。4．A.scoreB．coachC．recordD．team分析：选D。考察名词辨析。score意为“分数”；coach意为“教练”；record意为“记录”；team意为“队伍”。联合语境可知，作者退赛的原由是厌烦跑步而且自己向来在拖队伍的后腿。pulldown意为“拖后腿”。故答案选D。5．A.regrettedB．forbadeC．hesitatedD．refused分析：选D。考察动词辨析。regret意为“懊悔”；forbid意为“严禁”；hesitate意为“踌躇”；refuse意为“拒绝”。依据下文作者持续训练与参加竞赛的事实可知，作者提出退赛时，教练没有赞同。故答案选D。6．A.beggingB．trainingC．failingD．applying分析：选B。考察动词辨析。beg意为“恳求”；train意为“训练”；fail意为“失败”；apply意为“申请”。依据句中“kept”和“andparticipatinginthemeets”可知，教练拒绝了作者的退赛恳求并赐予作者鼓舞与相信，所以作者又持续训练了。故答案选B。7．A.amountB．successC．affairD．honour分析：选C。考察名词辨析。amount意为“数目”；success意为“成功”；affair意为“事件”；honour意为“光荣”。此空格所在部分为“thefinalmeet”的同位语，是对它进行解说。由空格后的参赛选手数目“lessthantwohundredstudents”可知，本次竞赛为一场大型赛事。故答案选C。8．A.acrossB．beyondC．overD．to分析：选A。考察介词辨析。across意为“(从表面)经过”；beyond意为“(抽象意义上的)超越”；over意为“(从上方)超出”；to意为“抵达”。依据句意可知，此处指达成竞赛跑过终点线的前20名选手将获奖。故答案选A。9．A.followedB．keptC．leftD．fell分析：选D。考察动词辨析。follow意为“跟从”；keep意为“保持”；leave意为“留下”；fall意为“落下”。fallbehind意为“落伍”，为固定搭配。本句句意为：我们开始跑了，我很快就落伍了。C项为扰乱项，如采用，须用被动语态，故清除。故答案选D。510．A.helpedB．passedC．inspiredD．supported分析：选B。考察动词辨析。help意为“帮助”；pass意为“经过”；inspire意为“启发”；support意为“支持”。依据文意可知，作者落伍了，很多作者的朋友们从作者身旁跑过时都鼓舞他持续奔跑。故答案选B。11．A.fieldB．testC．lineD．match分析：选C。考察名词辨析。field意为“田地，场所”；test意为“测试”；line意为“(终点)线”；match意为“竞赛”。依据此空格前的“passed”和空格后的“finally”提示可知，作者最后跑过了终点线。故答案选C。12．A.lastB．leastC．quickestD．farthest分析：选A。考察形容词辨析。last意为“最后的”；least“最少的”；quickest意为“最快的”；farthest意为“最远的”。依据上一句中的“receivedthe100thkeychain”可知，作者跑了第100名。上文提到参赛选手有快要200名，所以有史以来第一次，作者不是最后一名。故答案选A。13．A.speedsB．spotsC．qualityD．chance分析：选B。考察名词辨析。speed意为“速度”；spot意为“点”；quality意为“质量”；chance意为“时机”。本句及以后的内容表示教练在夸奖队员，此空格前有“high”，与spots搭配有“亮点”的意思，指队员们是竞赛场上的亮点。故答案选B。14．A.presentsB．awardsC．wishesD．keychains分析：选B。考察名词辨析。present意为“礼品”；award意为“奖项”；wish意为“愿望”；keychain意为“钥匙圈”。由竞赛奖赏规则可知，前20名获取奖项，前100名获取运动鞋钥匙圈奖赏。依据后一句“Ifeltashamed，forIwastheonewhodidn’twinanaward.”可知，大多数队友都获取了award(奖项)。故答案选B。15．A.deserveB．valueC．believeD．request分析：选A。考察动词辨析。deserve意为“应得”；value意为“看重”；believe意为“相信”；request意为“要求”。依据上文可知，作者没有获取奖项，只获取第100名，于是感觉惭愧，感觉自己没资格获取教练的夸奖。故答案选A。16．A.awareB．sureC．capableD．proud66分析：选D。考察形容词辨析。aware意为“意识到的”；sure意为“确立的”；capable意为“胜任的”；proud意为“骄傲的”。依据空格后的“becauseInevergaveupandbecause...unbelievablepersonal...”可知，教练为作者不放弃并获得的巨大进步感觉自豪。故答案选D。17．A.numberB．placeC．raceD．minute分析：选B。考察名词辨析。number意为“数目”；place意为“地点，名次”；race意为“竞赛”；minute意为“分钟”。此处赐教练夸奖“我”从最后一名上涨到中间的名次。故答案选B。18．A.victoryB．ambitionC．matterD．opinion分析：选A。考察名词辨析。victory意为“成功”；ambition意为“野心”；matter意为“物质，事情”；opinion意为“看法，见解”。本句中，教练夸奖“我”经过努力提高了名次，这对“我”自己来说是一个难以置信的成功。故答案选A。19．A.introducedB．encouragedC．provedD．attracted分析：选B。考察动词辨析。introduce意为“介绍”；encourage意为“鼓舞”；prove意为“证明”；attract意为“吸引”。此处赐教练夸奖“我们”相互互相鼓舞与合作，与文章第二段中的“Myfriendswho______meencouragedmetokeeprunning.”相响应。故答案选B。20．A.asifB．incaseC．eventhoughD．aslongas分析：选C。考察连词辨析。asif意为“仿佛”；incase意为“万一”；eventhough意为“即便”；aslongas意为“只需”。本句为从句，由逗号前的主句中“together”和从句中的“alone”可知，此从句与主句组成转折关系，应为退步状语从句，句意为：他说尽管我们都是单独参加竞赛，但我们互相鼓舞与合作。故答案选C。PartB：短文语法填空Philipwasajuniorofficeassistantinalargecompany.Hewasquiteambitious,sohewaskeentomakeagood1.________(impress)ontheboss.Heoftenstayedlateattheoffice,toshow2.________committedandhardworkinghewas.Oneevening,hewasjust3.________togohomewhenhesawhisboss4.________(stand)infrontoftheshredder(碎纸机),holdingadocument.“Ah,Philip!I'mgladyou'restillhereintheoffice！”saidtheboss，“Good75.________(see)allyourhardworkandprofessionalism.NowIwonderifyoucouldhelpme.”“Ofcourse，”repliedPhilip.“It'snotrouble.”“Goodman!Yousee,mysecretaryhasalreadygonehome6.________Ihaven'tgotacluehowthisthingworks.It'ssoimportantthat