2020-2021学年高中英语课时作业19Unit5MeetingyourancestorsLear

Unit5MeetingyourancestorsⅠ.阅读理解Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0—25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone，wholedtheteam，describedtheexperiment：Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen，asymbolwouldappear，andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample，thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice；iftheywentforthecircle，theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.Afterrunninghundredsoftests，theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime，indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation，notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely，theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing，forexample，a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic：Whenaddingtwonumbers，themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo，andthenaddedonlyafraction(小部分)ofthesmallernumbertoit.“Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains，”DrLivingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛医学院做的一项动物实验，实验发现猴子能进行基本的加法运算。1．Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?A．Theyfedthem. B．Theynamedthem.C．Theytrainedthem. D．Theymeasuredthem.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeys...”和“Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.”可知研究者们是先训练猴子然后才进行测试的，故选C项。其他三项均未提及。2．Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?A．Bydrawingacircle. B．Bytouchingascreen.C．Bywatchingvideos. D．Bymixingtwodrinks.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice...”可知猴子们是通过触碰屏幕得到奖励的，故选B项。其他三项均不是猴子所做的事。3．WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys?A．Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B．Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C．Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D．Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知，研究人员在进行了数百次测试后发现，猴子多半时候会选择更高的值，这表明它们是在进行计算，而不仅仅是记忆每个组合的值。4．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Entertainment. B．Health.C．Education. D．Science.答案：D解析：推理判断题。全文围绕科学实验展开——研究者训练猴子并对其进行测试后发现猴子能够进行简单的加法运算，但有时计算的结果不够精确。由此可知，该文章可能出现在报纸的科学版上。Ⅱ.语法填空IranmyfirstracewhenIwasnine.Mydad,__1__wasamarathonrunner,enteredmysiblingsandmeintotherace.Istartedrunninghalfmarathonslessthantwoyearsago.IwantedtoruntheNYCMarathon__2__memoryofmyfather,whoranitwhenIwastwoyearsoldandalwaystalkedaboutitasI__3__(grow)up.Hepassedawayalmosttwoyearsagoonthedateof__4__marathon,soIwantedtorunitforhim.He__5__(frequent)saidthatrunningthatracewasthegreatestfeeling.HewoulddescriberunningovertheVerrazanoBridgeandthesenseoffriendshipamongrunners.Iwaslookingforwardto__6__(gain)theexperienceofrunningthroughthevarious__7__(district)andseeingsomanypeoplewhocameout.I'vealwaysdoneitforphysicalfitnessandstressmanagement.Butwhenmydadsufferedastroke__8__couldn'trunanymore,itwasthemostupsettingthingforhim.Seeing__9__happenedtohimmademewanttorunmore.IthinkI'llberunningaslongasI__10__physicallydoit.1．who解析：考查定语从句。dad后的从句是非限制性定语从句，先行词为dad，关系词在从句中作主语，故用who引导该非限制性定语从句。2．in解析：考查介词。inmemoryof是固定短语，表示“为了纪念……”。3．grew解析：考查时态和语态。本句中的“alwaystalkedaboutit”暗示，这里指在作者的成长过程中，父亲总是跟自己谈到马拉松。因此用一般过去时。I与grow为主谓关系，故填grew。4．the解析：考查冠词。定冠词the在此表示特指。5．frequently解析：考查词性转换。所填词在句中修饰动词said，因此用副词。6．gaining解析：考查非谓语动词。lookforwardto中的to是介词，其后接名词、动名词或代词。故此处用gain的动名词形式gaining。7．districts解析：考查名词的数。由句中的修饰词“vario