福建省莆田市第二十四中学高二英语下学期第二次月考模拟试题B卷

PAGEPAGE8福建省莆田市第二十四中学2020-2021学年高二英语下学期第二次月考模拟试题（B卷）注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASomeofthebestmemoriesfromgradeschoolaremadeatfieldtrips.Fieldtripsofferstudentssomethingtheycan’tgetfromlecturesortextbookpages—hands-onfun!HerearesomemetroDetroitattractionstovisitwithyourstudents.They'regreatplacestomakememoriesand,ofcourse,learnsomethingtoo!BelleIsleNatureCenterAvailability:Wednesday,ThursdayorFridayat10:30a.m.,11:30a.m.or12:30p.m.Admission:FreeEnjoybothindoorandoutdooranimalexhibits.Programsincludeadeerfeeding,ahands-onactivityanddiscoverytime.MichiganScienceCenterAvailability:Wednesday-Friday(hoursvary,alsoTuesdaysfromOct.8,2021,toJan.7,2022)Admission:VariesbyexperienceyouselectInteractwithmorethan250hands-onexhibitsthatexplorespace,health,physicalscience,engineeringandmore.DiamondJack'sRiverToursAvailability:Monday-Friday,May1toOct.31,at9:30a.m.,10:30a.m.,11:30a.m.or12:30p.m.Admission:$9/personSee16milesoftheU.S.andCanadaDetroitRivershoreline,ocean-goingandGreatLakesships,alighthouse,diefireboat,parks,shipterminals,amailboatandmuchmore.Arts&ScrapsAvailability:Monday,WednesdayorFridayAdmission:VariesbyageandnumberingroupLetyourstudents’imaginationsrunwild.They’llthink,createandlearnwhilere-imaginingrecycledindustrialmaterials.Youcancreateacustomizedtopic.1．Whatare“fieldtrips”accordingtothepassage?A．Theyarelecturesthattakeplaceinopenfields.B．Theyarecampsthatallchargeforanentrancefee.C．Theyarevisitstostudysomethingawayfromschool.D．Theyaretoursconnectedwithnatureandphysicalscience.2．Whichofthefollowingfieldtripsisrelatedtoanimals?A．Arts&Scraps. B．MichiganScienceCenter.C．BelleIsleNatureCenter. D．DiamondJack'sRiverTours.3．Whoisthetextwrittenfor?A．Teachers. B．Parents. C．Students. D．Scientists.B“Tennis—I’msayinggoodbye.”Withthesewords,RussiantennissuperstarMariaSharapova,34,hasannouncedherretirement.“Howdoyouleavebehindtheonlylifeyou’veeverknown?”sheaskedherself.SeveralreasonsplayedaroleinSharapovaleavingthetenniscourtforgood.Overthelastcoupleofyears,she’sdealtwithaninjuryinherrightshoulderandinflammation(炎症)inherforearmsthatmayhavepreventedherfromreturningtotopform.Inmorerecentnews,thedeathofherlongtimefriend,USbasketballlegendKobeBryant,alsoplayedafactorinherdecisiontoretire.“AsIthinkyou’veseenthroughoutmycareer,myperseverancehasbeenmygreatesttool,mygreateststrength,”Sharapovasaidinaninterview.“ButI’vestartedfeelinglikeitwasbecomingaweakness,becausethestubbornnessthatwaskeepingmegoingwaskeepingmegoingforwrongreasons.”Sharapovarosetofameatage17whenshewonWimbledonin2004.ShewonatotaloffourGrandSlamsinglestitles:the2006USOpen,the2008AustralianOpen,andthe2012and2014FrenchOpen.ShealsoearnedtheFedCuptitleinRussiain2008andanOlympicsilvermedalinsinglesin2012,amongmanyotheraccomplishments.For16straightyearsfrom2004,Sharapovawastheworld’shighest-earningfemaleathlete,accordingtoForbes.Offthecourt,shemademillionsofdollarsfromcompaniessuchasEvianandNike,aswellasstartingherowncandycompany.“Tennisshowedmetheworld—anditshowedmewhatIwasmadeof,”SharapovawroteonFacebookonFeb26,alongsideaphotoofherselfasayounggirlwithatennisracquet(网球拍).“It’showItestedmyselfandhowImeasuredmygrowth.AndsoinwhateverImightchooseformynextchapter,mynextmountain,I’llstillbepushing.I’llstillbeclimbing.I’llstillbegrowing.”4．WhatcontributedtoSharapova’sretirement?A．Herstrength.B．Herfriend’ssuggestions.C．Herinjuries.D．Hergrowingage.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stubbornness”inparagraph3mean?A．Tool. B．Strength. C．Perseverance. D．Reason.6．WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellus?A．Sharapovaisawomanofmanyachievements.B．Sharapovaisthehighest-earningfemale.C．SharapovadonatedalottoEvianandNike.D．Sharapova’scompaniesrunsuccessfully.7．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Sharapovawillcontinuepushingherselfasatennisplayer.B．ClimbingmountainsisSharapova’snewinterest.C．ApicturepostedonlineshowedSharapova’sgrowth.D．PlayingtennistaughtSharapovahowtoadvanceinlife.CIfyouthinkyou’dliketoliveonMars,youmayhavethatpossibilityby2023.ADutchcompanycalledMarsOnewillsoonadvertiseforpeopleinterestedincolonizing(开拓)Mars.Ifyouhaveallthenecessaryskills,youcouldbeoneofthefirstcolonists.Areyoureadyforthechallenge?Youwon’thavetopayforthemissiontoMars.MarsOnehasalreadyreceivedmoneyfromsomedonorsandishopingtogetmorefromTVviewerswhowillbecomeinterestedintheshowwhereallapplicantshaveadebatefortherarechances.ThemainresponsibilityofthefirstcolonistsistocreateanartificialenvironmentonMarswherethereisnoairtobreatheandnolandtofarm.Scientistsknowit’squitepossiblebecausesomethingsimilarhasalreadybeendoneinAntarctica.AnotherproblemisthatspacetraveltoMarstakesnearlyayeartogettoMarsandthecolonistswilllivetherestoftheirlivesthere.Whenahumanlivesinanenvironmentwithoutgravityorwithlowgravityforalongtime,thesystemsinthebodyweaken.Luckily,spinning(旋转)thespaceshipcancreateartificialgravity,andartificialgravitycaneasetheseproblems.ItwillalsobedifficultforMarscoloniststobefarfromhome,livinginsmallspaces,andseeingthesamepeopleoverandover.Colonistswithdepressioncouldputthemissionindanger.Fortunately,afewyearsago,ajointRussianandEuropeanprojectcalledtheMars500Missionstudiedpeople’sreactionsinaMars-likeenvironment.Itisviewedasagreatsuccessbecausescientistswereabletoseehowpeoplehandleemotionalandphysicalstresses.Recentstudiesshowthatsevenpercentofpeoplewouldwanttogoonsuchanadventure.MarsOnewillsoonstartacceptingitsfirstcolonists.Areyouinterested?8．WhatdoweknowabouttheapplicantstoMarsfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．TheywilllandonMarsin2023.B．Theycangetmoneyfromdonors.C．TheywillcompeteinaTVshow.D．Theydonotneedspecialskills.9．WhatwillthefirstcolonistsdotosolvethebasiclivingproblemsonMars?A．Createearth-likeconditions.B．BuildlabsinAntarctica.C．Spinthespaceship.D．StarttheMars500Mission.10．Whatcanthelifeofthefirstcolonistsbelikeaccordingtothepassage?A．Difficultanddangerous.B．Differentbutadaptable.C．Challengingandunbearable.D．Acceptablebutdepressing.11．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．Mars:ourfinaldestination?B．ReadytobeMars’colonists?C．Spacetravel:athrillingadventure?D．AreyouaqualifiedMarsastronaut?DItseemswecan’tgetofftheplanetfastenough.TwothirdsofNASA’smoneyisspentonmannedspaceexploration,andthatnumberwillgrowwiththeUSA’sdecisiontosendamantoMarsin2037.We’veseenallthereistoseeonEarth,right?Wrong.Thefinalplaceishere,underthesurfaceofthesea.Headingdownintotheocean,humanlimitsarequicklyreached.At200metres,thewaterisasblackasamoonlessnight.Mostnuclearsubmarines(核潜艇)wouldimplode(内爆)beforetheyreach1kmdown.At3km—stilllessthantheaveragedepthoftheocean—there’sagoodchancethatyou’lldiscoveranewspecies.Thedeepest­divingwhalesgonofurther.Attheverybottom,about11kmdown,liestheChallengerDeep,thedeepestpartoftheMarianaTrenchinthePacificOcean.EighteenhumanshavewalkedontheMoon,butonlythreehaveseentheDeepwiththeirowneyes.Yetthingslivedownthere.Bigthings.Averyloudsoundwasonceheardandscientistssuggestedthatitwasproducedbyananimalbiggerthanabluewhale,thelargestcreatureknownontheplanet.Inthelate1990s,adeep­watersubmarinewasdroppedintheSouthernOcean,andpassing4,000metres,itdiscoveredsomethinghugepassingunderit.Surprised?Don’tbe.Theoceancovers70%oftheplanet’ssurfaceandwe’vestudiedlessthan5%ofit.WeknowmoreaboutthedarksideoftheMoonthanaboutthebottomofthesea.Onereasonthatweexplorespaceistofindevidenceofotherlifeforms.ThesearchforlifeoutsideofEarthisimportant,butrobotscanlookunderthedryrocksofMarsbetterthanhumans.They’reabsolutelyimportantfordoingoceanresearchtoo,buttheycan’tlookunderthesea.Thecostofexplorationisrising,buttheresultswouldbenefitallourlives.Understandingtheoceanswillhelpusfindnewsourcesoffood,drugsandenergy.Perhapsnowit'stimetobeginanewperiodofseaexploration.Mannedexplorationofspaceissciencefiction(科幻小说).Theadventureofthedeepseaissciencefact.12．WhatdotheexamplesinParagraph2suggest?A．Seaexplorationisnoeasytask.B．Nuclearsubmarinesneedtobeimproved.C．Theoceanisfardeeperthanpeopleexpected.D．TheconditionundertheseaissimilartothatontheMoon.13．WhatdoweknowabouttheChallengerDeep?A．Bluewhaleslivethere.B．Noonehaseverbeenthere.C．Peopleareterrifiedbythesightofit.D．ItisthedeepestknownlocationonEarth.14．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthediscoveryintheSouthernOcean?A．It’ssurprising. B．It’snowonder.C．It’sworrying. D．It’snosuccess.15．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?A．Spaceexplorationisoflittlevalue.B．Wespendtoomuchmoneyonspacetravel.C．Humans’successliesinhowmuchtheyexplorethesea.D．Theoceanistheplacewhereweshouldmakeourefforts.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FearofmissingoutorFOMOischaracterizedby“adesiretostaycontinuallyconnectedwithwhatothersaredoing”.ResearchershavefoundthatFOMOleadsustochecksocialmediamorefrequently,leadingtoanegativecyclethatcanbehardtobreak.16Yourmoodwillbeeasilyinfluencedbyothersandyourlifestartstobecontrolledbytheoutsideworld.However,thesituationcanbeimprovedifyoutakethefollowingadvice.17Trytoreduceourscreentime,focusonbuildingyourownpathtosuccessanddowhatyoulike.Liveinthemoment,youwillfindnothingismissingoutinourlife!Itiscommontopostonsocialmediatokeeparecordofthefunthingsyoudo.18Ifthisisthecase,youmaytrytokeepapersonaljournalofyourbestmemories,eitheronlineoronpaper.Keepingajournalcanhelpyoutoshiftyourfocusfrompublicapprovaltoprivate

appreciation

ofthethingsthatmakeyourlifegreat.19Youmayfindyourselfseekingagreaterconnectionwhenyouarefeeling

depressedoranxious,andthisishealthy.Feelingsofloneliness

areactuallyourbrain’swayoftellingusthatwewanttoseekoutgreaterconnectionswithothersandincreaseoursenseofbelonging.20Talkingwithfamilies,makingplanswithagoodfriend,orcreatingagroupoutingthatcanhelpyoutoshakethatfeelingthatyouaremissingout.A．Youactuallycan’tmissanything.B．Especiallytheyoungareaddictedtothesocialmedia.C．Ratherthanfocusingonwhatyoulack,trynoticingwhatyouhave.D．ThisshiftcansometimeshelpyoutogetoutofthecycleofFOMO.E.Asaresult,itwillleadtofeelingsofdepression,loneliness,and

boredom.F.However,youmayfindyourselfnoticingtoomuchaboutpeople’sopiniononyourexperiencesonline.G.Ratherthanconnectwithpeopleonsocialmedia,whynotarrangetomeetupwithsomeoneinperson?第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnafreezingJanuaryevening,AshleyAustrewsatinhercarinanOmahaparkinglot.Shewasworkingupthe21togointoacomedyimprov(即兴表演)class.For20minutes,the33-year-oldjournalistandmomoftwosatwiththoughtsof22:“Ican’tdothis.I’llbetheworstone.”Thensheturnedofftheengine,tookafewdeepbreaths,andwent23.ForAustrew,24improvwasthefirstsmallsteptoimproveherself-esteem.Shelackedconfidenceanddidn’thavethecouragetotryanything25.Soshemadealistofallthethingsshewasafraidto26andthenaskedherself,“WhatifIdidn’tletmyexcuseswin?”Improvwasherbiggest27.Herfear28assoonasshewalkedintotheclass.Herclassmateswerealso29,andshediscoveredthatshewas30capableofearningafewlaughsandmakingnewfriends.Overthenexttwoyears,Austrewwentontodealwithotherwhat-ifs,includingwritingabook.“Self-esteemislikeamuscle--youhaveto31itconstantly,”shesays.Somepeopleare32withaseeminglyunshakablepositivity,butmostofusneedtolearnhowto33ourselvesupbyourownhands.Thankfully,likeAustrew,wecanlearntofeel34aboutourselvesand35ourfeelingsofhope.21．A．courage B．project C．preparation D．solution22．A．self-esteem B．self-confidence C．self-doubt D．self-reflection23．A．inside B．ahead C．home D．out24．A．acting B．trying C．building D．getting25．A．important B．different C．special D．new26．A．abandon B．attempt C．absorb D．account27．A．confidence B．guarantee C．surprise D．target28．A．dissolved B．arose C．appeared D．changed29．A．helpers B．strangers C．supporters D．beginners30．A．barely B．perfectly C．slightly D．widely31．A．work B．break C．catch D．take32．A．connected B．burdened C．blessed D．tired33．A．bring B．put C．pick D．pull34．A．better B．simpler C．smaller D．smarter35．A．forget B．strengthen C．spread D．hide第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Passengerpigeonsonce36(fly)overmuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievablenumbers.Written37(account)fromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks(群)solargethattheytheskyforhours.It38(calculate)thatwhenitspopulationreachedits39(high)point,theyweremorethan3billlionpassengerpigeons—anumberequalto24to40percentof40totalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingit41(true)themostabundantbirdintheworld.However,thepopulationdecreasedbecauseof42(commerce)hunterswhokilledthembythethousands.Americans'needforwoodscatteredtheflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth,43coldtemperaturesandspringstormscontributedtotheirdecline.In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeons,only44(find)thatbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.Thelastofthem,knownaffectionately45Martha,diedattheCincinnatiZoologicalGardenonSeptember1,1914.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李华，你的美国外教Mike说因为疫情严重，他没办法回中国上课，他担心耽误学生的学习，同时也很担忧他家人的安危。请你给他写一封邮件表示安慰，内容包括1.表示惋惜和理解；2.给予安慰和鼓励；3.送上美好的祝愿。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearMikeItisagreatpitythatyoucan'tjoinusrightnow.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Peterhadbeensavingmoneyforaverylongtime.Hewasstrugglingsomuchthatallhewishedwastogoabroadandmakemoremoney.Sowhenhereachedtherequiredamountheneededfortheexpenses,hetravelledtoaforeigncountrytomakeagoodliving.Upongettingthere,Peterworkedveryhardandfinallybuilthisownbusiness.Afteryearsofhardwork,hebecameamillionaire.Hecalledhisfamilyandinformedthemthattheywouldnothavetoworryaboutmoneyanymoreforhewouldbesendingthemenoughandeveryonewouldbehappy.Hecouldn’thavebeenprovenmorewrong!Fiveyearslater,asthebusinessgrew,Peterhadnotimetostayathomeandwasalwaysbusyrunninghisbusinessandattendingmeetings.Hemissedhisfamily.Hehadn’tseentheminfouryears.Everyyearhepromisedhimselfthathewouldgoandvisitthembutthatpromisewasbrokenateveryattempttoaccomplishitforonebusinessreasonoranother.Buthisfamilywereunderstandingandnevercomplained.Peterhadthoughtthatmoneywouldmakehislifegoodbutnowthathehadmoremoneythanheeverimagined,hewasnothappy.Hewastiredoftryingtopretendthathewashappywithhisprojectsandwork.Sometimeshewantedtoleavethecountryandthebusinessandgobacktohisoldlife,butthethoughtofnotbeingabletosurviveifhelefthisbusinessstoppedhim.Whenhemethisfamilyafewyearslater,itwasonlyforafewdays.Hisfamilywantedhimtostaylongerbuthedidn’t.Atthesametime,hewasgiventhemostdifficultandchallengingtaskduringhiscareerwhosecompletionwouldnotonlyimprovehisimagebutalsoresultinhimearningmillionsofdollars.Thisworkkepthimquiteengagedthathegavehismindwhollytothetask.Hishardworkresultedingreatprofitandhewasmoresuccessfulthaneverbefore.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Tocelebratehissuccess,hethrewabigparty.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hefinallyknewthatmoneycouldn’tgivehimhappinessbutthesupportofhislovedoneswould.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2020-2021学年下学期高二第二次月考卷英语（B）答案解析【答案】1-3CCA【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个实地考察项目的内容及开放时间等。1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fieldtripsofferstudentssomethingtheycan’tgetfromlecturesortextbookpages—hands-onfun!”可知，实地考察是去学校以外的地方研究一些东西。故选C项。2．细节理解题。根据第一个项目BelleIsleNatureCenter部分“Programsincludeadeerfeeding,ahands-onactivityanddiscoverytime.”可知，BelleIsleNatureCenter与动物有关。故选B项。3．推理判断题。根据第一段中“HerearesomemetroDetroitattractionstovisitwithyourstudents”和最后一段“Letyourstudents’imaginationsrunwild.”可知，本文是写给老师的。故选A项。【答案】4-7CCAD【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了莎拉波娃退役的原因，以及莎拉波娃职业生涯中取得的一些成就。最后讲述了莎拉波娃尽管退役了但是还是努力做到最好。4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Overthelastcoupleofyears,she’sdealtwithaninjuryinherrightshoulderandinflammation(炎症)inherforearmsthatmayhavepreventedherfromreturningtotopform.”可知，伤病是莎拉波娃退役的原因。故选C。5．词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“AsIthinkyou’veseenthroughoutmycareer,myperseverancehasbeenmygreatesttool,mygreateststrength,”Sharapovasaidinaninterview.“ButI’vestartedfeelinglikeitwasbecomingaweakness,”可知，毅力是莎拉波娃的工具和优势，但在伤病情况下还像以前一样保持这种毅力，是以错误的理由坚持。所以stubbornness指的是“毅力”，与perseverance同义。故选C。6．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段莎拉波娃在17岁时赢得了2004年的温布尔登网球公开赛，从此名声大噪。她总共赢得了四个大满贯单打冠军：2006年美国网球公开赛，2008年澳大利亚网球公开赛，以及2012年和2014年法国网球公开赛。她还在2008年俄罗斯世界杯上获得联合会杯冠军，在2012年奥运会上获得单打银牌，以及其他许多成就。据《福布斯》报道，从2004年开始，莎拉波娃连续16年成为全球收入最高的女运动员。在球场外，她通过依云和耐克等公司赚了数百万美元，还创办了自己的糖果公司。可知，本段详细解释了莎拉波娃的成就，她是一名成就很多的女性。故选A。7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可推断，无论何时网球都让莎拉波娃成为更好的人，网球教会了莎拉波娃在生活中如何进步，如何变得更好。故选D。【答案】8-11CABB【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一家名为“火星一号”的荷兰公司刊登广告，招聘对殖民火星感兴趣的人，以及介绍在火星居住所存在的问题。8.细节理解题。根据文章前两段，特别是第二段“MarsOnehasalreadyreceivedmoneyfromsomedonorsandishopingtogetmorefromTVviewerswhowillbecomeinterestedintheshowwhereallapplicantshaveadebatefortherarechances.”可知，火星申请者需要在电视节目中进行辩论比赛。故选C。9．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ThemainresponsibilityofthefirstcolonistsistocreateanartificialenvironmentonMarswherethereisnoairtobreatheandnolandtofarm.”可知，第一批开拓者将需要创造地球的条件来解决火星上的基本生活问题。故选A。10．推理判断题。根据文章第四段可知，对于火星殖民者来说，远离家乡，生活在狭小的空间里，反复看到同样的人也很困难。沮丧的殖民者可能会使任务陷入危险。幸运的是，几年前，俄罗斯和欧洲的一个联合项目“火星500任务”研究了人类在类火星环境中的反应。它被视为一个巨大的成功，因为科学家们能够看到人们如何处理情绪和身体压力。推断出第一批开拓者的生活是不同的，但是他们的适应性强。故选B。11．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍一家名为“火星一号”的荷兰公司刊登广告，招聘对殖民火星感兴趣的人，以及介绍在火星居住所存在的问题。所以“ReadytobeMars’colonists?(准备好成为火星开拓者了吗?)”作为标题最为合适。故选B。【答案】12-15ADBD【解析】这是一篇说明文。通过对theMarianaTrench和SouthernOcean海底勘探的描述，作者讲述了人类对深海的探索，比起对太空的探索，或许深海更具现实意义。12．细节理解题。由第二段EighteenhumanshavewalkedontheMoon,butonlythreehaveseentheDeepwiththeirowneyes.可知，已有18个人在月球行走过，但是亲眼目睹MarianaTrench深度的却只有3个人。可见比起探索太空，人类对于深海的探索更艰难。故选A项。13．细节理解题。由第二段Attheverybottom,about11kmdown,liestheChallengerDeep,thedeepestpartoftheMarianaTrenchinthePacificOcean.可知，theChallengerDeep位于海底大概11公里的位置，是theMarianaTrench最深的部分。与D项相符，故选D项。14．细节理解题。由第四段itdiscoveredsomethinghugepassingunderit.Surprised?Don’tbe.Theoceancovers70%oftheplanet’ssurfaceandwe’vestudiedlessthan5%ofit.WeknowmoreaboutthedarksideoftheMoonthanaboutthebottomofthesea.可知，对于SouthernOcean的发现，作者并不感到惊讶，地球表面70%被海水覆盖，人类对于它的研究还不到5%。对月球阴暗面的了解都比海底多。故选B项。15．主旨大意题。由倒数第二段ThesearchforlifeoutsideofEarthisimportant,butrobotscanlookunderthedryrocksofMarsbetterthanhumans.They’reabsolutelyimportantfordoingoceanresearchtoo,buttheycan’tlookunderthesea.Thecostofexplorationisrising,buttheresultswouldbenefitallourlives.Understandingtheoceanswillhelpusfindnewsourcesoffood,drugsandenergy.可知，对于太空的探索是很重要，可机器人会比人类做的更好。但对于探索海底，机器人做不到。虽然勘探费用高一些，但可以帮人类找到更多食物，药品和能量来源，对人类的实际意义更大。故选D项。【答案】16-20ECFDG【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了Fearofmissingout.“害怕错过”（常缩写为FOMO）指的是担心自己缺席时，其他人会获得有益体验的一种普遍的忧虑情绪。这种社交焦虑的特点是“希望一直知晓其他人在做什么”，因而不停地刷手机，看社交媒体。16．根据上文“ResearchershavefoundthatFOMOleadsustochecksocialmediamorefrequently,leadingtoanegativecyclethatcanbehardtobreak.”可知本段在写FOMO产生的负面影响。E项内容Asaresult,itwillleadtofeelingsofdepression,loneliness,andboredom.表示：最终会导致抑郁、孤独和无聊的心理状态，承接前文；并且也契合下文“Yourmoodwillbeeasilyinfluencedbyothersandyourlifestartstobecontrolledbytheoutsideworld”,故选E项。17．根据上文第二段末句“However,thesituationcanbeimprovedifyoutakethefollowingadvice.”可知，接下来要提出一些建议，破除“错失恐惧”造成的迷局。结合空后下文“Trytoreduceourscreentime,focusonbuildingyourownpathtosuccessanddowhatyoulike.Liveinthemoment,youwillfindnothingismissingoutinourlife!”。C项Ratherthanfocusingonwhatyoulack,trynoticingwhatyouhave.建议去关注自己目前已拥有的，不要过度关注自己缺少怕错过什么。承上启下，与Liveinthemoment（活在当下）意义一致。故选C项。18．空前“Itiscommontopostonsocialmediatokeeparecordofthefunthingsyoudo.”可知，前面肯定这种社交媒体分享日常是一种常见现象，空后“Ifthisisthecase,youmaytrytokeepapersonaljournalofyourbestmemories,eitheronlineoronpaper.”建议做用私人日记记录自己的生活。可知该空应是在说频繁在社交媒体公开分享生活的不妥之处。F项However,youmayfindyourselfnoticingtoomuchaboutpeople’sopiniononyourexperiencesonline.与空前形成转折，这样做会使你更关注被人的反应，造成自己情绪被外界掌控。从而引出下文，进一步建议做私人日记。故选F项。19．该空作为本段的末句，承接上文“Keepingajournalcanhelpyoutoshiftyourfocusfrompublicapprovaltoprivateappreciationofthethingsthatmakeyourlifegreat.”说明把社交软件分享日常改为写私人日记记录生活，D项ThisshiftcansometimeshelpyoutogetoutofthecycleofFOMO.中的shift呼应上文中的toshift，指做出的改变。故选D项。20．根据下文“Talkingwithfamilies,makingplanswithagoodfriend,orcreatingagroupoutingthatcanhelpyoutoshakethatfeelingthatyouaremissingout.”建议和身边的人们当面交流沟通，可以举例说明G项Ratherthanconnectwithpeopleonsocialmedia,whynotarrangetomeetupwithsomeoneinperson?这一做法。故选G项。【答案】21-25ACABD26-30BDADB31-35ACDAB【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。通过主人公Austrew不断尝试新事物并找到自我价值这个故事，让我们要学着自我感觉更好，增强我们的希望感。21．考查名词词义辨析根据下文“Thensheturnedofftheengine,tookafewdeepbreaths,”可知AshleyAustrew开始有点紧张，此处指她正鼓足勇气去参加即兴表演的。故选A。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位33岁的记者、两个孩子的母亲坐在那里，想着自我怀疑:“我做不到，我会是最糟糕的一个。”。self-esteem自尊；self-confidence自信；self-doubt自我怀疑；self-reflection自我反思。根据下文“Ican’tdothis.I’llbetheworstone(我做不到。我会是最糟糕的一个。)”可知AshleyAustrew很不自信，在自我怀疑。故选C。23．考查副词词义辨析。根据前文“Shewasworkingupthe______togointoacomedyimprov(即兴表演)class.”可知，此处指AshleyAustrew在适当调整紧张的情绪后走进了即兴表演班。故选A。24．考查动名词词义辨析。从第一段描写Austrew鼓足勇气准备上即兴表演班课程的细节可推知，此处指尝试即兴表演。且下文的“Shelackedconfidenceanddidn’thavethecouragetotryanything.”也是提示。故选B。25．考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“Soshemadealistofallthethingsshewasafraidto”可知Austrew总是没有勇气尝试新的事物。故选D。26．考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“didn’thavethecouragetotryanything”可知Austrew列出了所有她不敢尝试的事情。故选B。27．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“Soshemadealistofallthethingsshewasafraidto______”可推知即兴表演在Austrew所列的清单中，并且是一个最大的目标。故选D。28．考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“shediscoveredthatshewas______capableofearningafewlaughs”可知Austrew表演的还不错，由此推知Austrew一走进教室，恐惧就消失了。故选A。29．考查名词词义辨析。根据空格前的“also”一词可推知其他同学和她一样也是第一次走进即兴表演教室，即都是初学者。故选D。30．考查副词词义辨析。结合前文“Herclassmateswerealso______,”及语境可知当Austrew发现同学们都是初学者时，Austrew找到了自信，她觉得自己完全有能力赢得一些笑声和结交新朋友。故选B。31．考查动词词义辨析。前文中有“amuscle”，根据动宾语义上的合理搭配可知此处指让肌肉锻炼(工作)。故选A。32．考查形容词词义辨析。下文是“aseeminglyunshakablepositivity(一种看似不可动摇的积极性)”，根据语义上的合理搭配可知此处用短语“beblessedwith（被赋予）”，此处指有些人被赋予了一种看似不可动摇的积极性。故选C。33．考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“ourfeelingsofhope”可知此处指让自己振作起来，再结合空格后“up”联想到短语pullup，意为：拔起；向上，符合语境。故选D。34．考查形容词比较级词义辨析。根据前文“Tha