安徽省合肥市解放军炮院附属中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试题含解析

安徽省合肥市解放军炮院附属中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Scientificdiscoveriesareoften_______industrialandagriculturalproductions．A．applyingfor

B．appliedto

C．applyingto

D．appliedfor

参考答案：B2.Thepresident________Europeanleadersbeforetakingactionlastweek.A.consultingwith B.consultedwithC.consultedabout

D.consultingin参考答案：B句意：上周总统在采取行动前曾与欧洲领导人协商过。由时间状语lastweek可知此处当用一般过去时；consultwith是固定搭配，表示“与……交换意见”。3.

_________,wegettheitchtotravel.A.Moreorless

B.Ratherthan

C.Everynowandthen

D.Fromthenon参考答案：C4.Withalotofproblems_______,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settled

B.

settling

C.

tosettle

D.beingsettled参考答案：C5.

timepassed,however,thecarnivalperiodwasextended.

A.As

B.WhenC.While

D.Since参考答案：A6.There______quantitiesofapplesinthebasketandtherewas______milkinthebucket.A.were;anumberof

B.was;quantitiesofC.were;aquantityof

D.was;agoodmany参考答案：C7.Thechairmanofthecommitteemovedthattheproposal________puttothevote.

A.is

B.was

C.were

D.be参考答案：D8.Theyhaven’tsolvedtheproblemyet._____shehadlistenedtowhathesaid!A.Onlyif

B.IfonlyC.Evenif

D.Asif参考答案：B【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们还没有解决这个问题。要是她听了他的话就好了。A.Onlyif只有；B.Ifonly要是……多好；只要；C.Evenif即使；D.Asif好像。故选B。9.Inthequestionnaire,thesubjectsarequestionedwhetherthey____banningcarsinthecitycentre．A．agree

B．comment

C．advocate

D．conduct参考答案：C10.________eitheryouorItolookafterher?

A.Am

B.Is

C.Are

D.Should参考答案：C11.Largequantitiesoffood_________forwinter.A.hasstored

B.havestored

C.hasbeenstored

D.havebeenstored参考答案：D12.Yangzhouisasmallcity.Therefore,to________theflowoftraffic,thegovernmenthasdecidedtobroadensomemainstreets.A.speedup B.buildup C.linkup D.riseup参考答案：A【详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.speedup加速；B.buildup加强；C.linkup联系；D.riseup上升。句意：扬州是一个小城市，所以，为了加快交通流量，政府决定拓宽一些主要街道。根据“thegovernmenthasdecidedtobroadensomemainstreets”可知，此处表示“加快、加速”，故A项正确。13.Afterinspectingthebuilding,specialistsdiscoveredsomefaultsthatotherwise_____.A.hadbeenoverlooked

B.wouldhavebeenoverlooked

C.wereoverlooked

D.wouldbeoverlooked参考答案：B14.Allthepeopleonthelistmustbetoldtoattendthemeeting;youmustmakesurethatnooneis

.A.leftout B.setasideC.cutoff D.keptaway参考答案：A试题分析：A.leftout遗漏，B.setaside放置一边，C.cutoff切断，D.keptaway脱离，句意：名单上的所有的人必须被告知参加会议，你必须确保没有人遗漏。所以选A。考点：考查动词短语15.

Davidshowedtothepublicwasnottrue.A.What

B.That

C.Which

D.Who参考答案：A二、短文改错16.41．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处，每处仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Asurveybasingon1,000studentsfoundthat80%ofseniorstudentssleeplessthanninehourseverynight.Onemainreasonliesatstudents’badhabits.Toomuchhomeworkisgivenbyschoolteachersisanothermaincause.Somestudentsareabsent-mindedwhiledoingtheirhomework,andsomewastingtheirafter-classtime.Thethirdcauseisthatsomestudentshavetogetupearlieronweekdaytogettoschoolthatwasfarawayfromhome.Expertsthinkanamountofhomeworkforthestudentsshouldbecutdown.Beside,teachersshouldencouragetheirstudentsmakegooduseoftheirsparetime.Onlyinthiswaycanthestudentsimproveourstudyefficiency.参考答案：1.basing变为based2.at变为in3.is去掉4.wasting变为waste5.weekday变为weekdays6.was改为is7.an改为the8.beside变为besides9.make前加to10.our变为their

1.“以...为基础”bebasedonsomething，去掉主语和be动词，过去分词作定语，因此basing变为based。2.“在于”liein，介词使用错误，因此at变为in。3.“太多的作业”后面的第一个be动词去掉，非谓语动词given作定语，表示老师布置的作业，因此is去掉。4.一些同学浪费课外时间，填谓语动词，介绍原因用一般现在时，因此现在分词wasting变为waste。5.工作日是好几天，因此用复数形式，weekday变为weekdays。6.时态错误，用一般现在时表示事实，was改为is。7.作业量，表示特指，用定冠词，an改为the。8.另外老师应该鼓励学生充分利用业余时间。而beside是指“旁边“，因此beside变为besides。9.“鼓励某人做某事”encouragesomebodytodo，因此make前加to。10.学生们高效提高他们的学业，代词our变为their。17.假定英语课上老师要求同桌中间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:把缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Confidenceplaysveryimportantroleinpeople’slife.Facingwithdifficultproblems,weshouldhavefaithinthemselves.WhenIwasinJuniorOne,nobodycouldimaginewhathardIwasstrugglingwithmyEnglishpronunciation.Afraidoflosingfacesbeforemyclassmates,Idarednotopenmymouth.Iwasabouttogiveupwhilemyteachercametome,givingmeahand.Hisencouragingwordslitmeupandbenefitedfrommealot.Withconfidenceregained,myspokenEnglishimprovedgreat.Frommyownexperience,Iknowaconfidentpersoncangetdownanyhardshipinstudyandlife.Pleaseremember:whatmatteredisconfidence,whichwillcontributetooursuccess.参考答案：Confidenceplays∧veryimportantroleinpeople’slife.Facingwithdifficultproblems,weshould

a

Faced

havefaithinthemselves.WhenIwasinJuniorOne,nobodycouldimaginewhathardIwas

ourselves

howstrugglingwithmyEnglishpronunciation.Afraidoflosingfacesbeforemyclassmates,Idarednot

faceopenmymouth.Iwasabouttogiveupwhilemyteachercametome,givingmeahand.His

when

encouragingwordslitmeupandbenefitedfrommealot.Withconfidenceregained,myspoken

from Englishimprovedgreat.Frommyownexperience,Iknowaconfidentpersoncangetdownany

greatly

over

hardshipinstudyandlife.Pleaseremember:whatmatteredisconfidence,whichwillcontributeto

mattersoursuccess.

【分析】本文为说明文。自信在人们的生活中起着非常重要的作用。面对困难，我们应该对自己有信心。我在初中时因为怕丢脸，不敢说英语，是老师帮助了我，鼓励我，因为有了信心我的英语口语提高了很多。请记住：信心很重要，它将有助于我们的成功。【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：自信在人们的生活中起着非常重要的作用。playanimportantrolein…为固定搭配搭配，意为“在……中起重要作用”。因为importantrole前有副词very修饰，因此填a，故在very前面加上a。2.考查固定搭配。句意：面对困难，我们应该对自己有信心。Sbbefacedwith…为固定搭配，意为“某人面对……”，befacedwith的逻辑主语是we，因此把Facing→Faced。3考查反身代词。句意：面对困难，我们应该对我们自己有信心。根据语境可知，本句的主语是we，所以我们对我们自己（ourselves）而不是对他们自己（themselves）有信心。因此把themselves→ourselves。4.考查副词。句意：当我在初中的时候，没人能想象我在英语发音上有多么困难。分析句子可知hard在句中作状语，修饰副词要用副词，而what为疑问代词，所以要用副词形式how，故把what→how。5.考查固定搭配。句意：我怕在同学面前丢脸，不敢开口。loseface为固定搭配，意为“丢脸”，因此把faces→face。6.考查固定句式。句意：正当我正要放弃，这时我的老师来帮我。were/wasabouttodo…when…为固定句式，意为“正要做……这时候……”。故把while→when。7.考查固定用法。句意：他鼓励我的话使我振奋，我受益匪浅。“使某人受益”为benefitsb，而benefitfrom…意为“从……中受益”。根据语境可知，此句是老师的话让我受益。要用benefitme，所以from多余，故去掉from。8.考查副词。随着信心的恢复，我的英语口语提高很大。句中的形容词great用于修饰动词improve，修饰动词要用副词形式，因此把great→greatly。9.考查固定搭配。句意：我知道一个自信的人可以克服学习和生活中的任何困难。分析语境可知，此处是指有自信的人可以克服困难。getdown意为“写下，下来”，而getover为固定搭配，意为“克服”，因此把down→over。10.考查谓语动词的时态。句意：请记住：重要的是信心，它将有助于我们的成功。本文讲述的是道理，客观事实，通常用一般现在时，故把mattered→matters。三、阅读理解18.阅读下列短文,

从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,

选出最佳选项。Ifyouandyourfriendswishtoshareasecret，youcanwriteitincode，andnooneelsewillbeabletoreadit.Codesareonewayofwritinginsecret.Ciphers(暗码)areanother.Inacodeeachwordiswrittenasasecretcodewordoracodenumber.Inaciphereachletterischanged.

Codesandciphershaveplayedanimportantroleinthehistoryoftheworld.JuliusCaesar，theRomanrulerwhodefeatedalmostallthecountriesinEuropeabout2,000yearsago，usedacipherwhenhesentsecretmessagestohistroops.DuringtheAmericanRevolution，GeorgeWashington'sspiesusedakindofcodetosendhisinformationabouttheenemybeforehismilitaryaction.InWorldWarⅡ，theAmericans“broke”orfiguredoutJapan'smostimportantnavycodesandgotenoughinformationtodestroyapowerfulJapanesefleet.

Storekeepersusecodestomarktheirgoods.Thecodesshowhowmuchispaidforthegoodsorwhentheyareaddedtothestock.Businessmenusecodestohideplansfromtheirbusinessenemies.Sometimespersonallettersordiariesarewrittenincode.Manypeopleenjoyfiguringoutcodesandcipherssimplyasahobby.Storekeepersusecodestomarktheirgoods.Thecodesshowhowmuchispaidforthegoodsorwhentheyareaddedtothestock.Businessmenusecodestohideplansfromtheirbusinessenemies.Sometimespersonallettersordiariesarewrittenincode.Manypeopleenjoyfiguringoutcodesandcipherssimplyasahobby.

Inthe16thcentury，codesandcipherswereverypopularamongscientists.Theywrotemessagestoeachotherincodesothatnooneelsewouldlearntheirsecrets.GeronimoGardano，anItalianastrologer(占星家)，mathematician，anddoctor，inventedthetrelliscipher.Hetooktwosheetsofpaperandcutexactlythesameholesineachone.Thenhesentonesheet，whichhecalledatrellis，toafriendandkepttheotherforhimself.Wheneverhewantedtowriteamessage，heputhistrellisoveracleansheetofpaperandwrotethesecretmessagethroughtheholes.Thereheremovedthetrellisandfilledtherestofthepaperwithwordsthatwouldmakesense