广东省广州市2018年中考英语试题【及答案】

2018

年广州市中考英语一、语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从

1~15

各题所给的

A、B、C

和

D

项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Xian

Xinghai

was

a

very

famous

musician

in

China.

He

wrote

one

of

the

greatestpiecesofmusicofthe20thcentury.Inhisshortlifehewrote

1300songsandan

opera.Xian

was

bom

in

Panyu,

Guangdong,

China

in

1905.

Because

his

father

died

beforehewasborn,Xianmovedfromplacetoplacewith-2mother.Hebegan

learningtoplay

3violinwhenhewas20yearsold.Inthebeginning,his

violinwas

4cheapandbadlymadethathe

5

notplayitwell.Hisfriendslaughedathim.Xiandidnotstop

6

andsoonshowedhistalent.In1934,hewasoneofthefirstChinesestudents

7studiedinaspecialmusicschoolinParis.Beforehe

8,Xianbecametheschoolsbeststudent

9wonseveralprizesforhis

talents.In

1935,

he

returned

to

China

and

helped

fight

against

the

Japanese

army.

Later,hecame

to

Yan'an

10 musicat

a

college.

11 therewerenopianosinYan'anatthattimeXianstillwrote

12 ofhismostimportantmusicthere,includingTheYellowRiver,hismostfamous

work.InMay

1940,

Xian

13 to

the

Soviet

Union

by

the

Chinese

Communist

Partyto

write

music

for

movies.

In

the

Soviet

Union,

life

was

very

14 .Xian

gotsickandlaterdiedofa

lung

illness

15 October30,1945,agedonly

40.Xian'smusic,however,livesoninthepeople's

hearts.1.

A.nearB.nearlyC.nearbyD.nearer2.

A.heB.himC.hisD.he’s3.

A.aB.anC.theD.this4.

A.soB.suchC.veryD.much5.

A.needB.mayC.shouldD.could6.A.

practiceB.

practicingC.to

practiceD.

practised7.

A.whatB.whichC.

whomD.

who8.

A.leaveB.leavesC.

leftD.was

leavingA.

andA.

teachB.B.buttaughtC.C.asteachingD.D.orto

teach11.A.

IfB.AlthoughC.WhenD.Because12.A.

anyB.littleC.fewD.some13.A.

sentB.was

sentC.has

sentD.was

sending14.A.

hardB.harderC.hardestD.the

hardest15.A.

atB.inC.onD.by二、完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从

16~25

各题所给的

A、B、C

和

D

项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Before

graduating

college,

Jackie

began

to

look

for

a

job.

She

aimed

at

a

famouscompany,butthe

16forsuchjobswasverystrong.ThecompanyJackiechoseplanned

to

employ

only

one

person,

but

more

than

twenty

people

applied

for

the

job.

17,Jackiewasoneofthethreepeopleinvitedforthefinalinterview.Theinterviewwasvery

18.Theintervieweraskedjustafewquestionsanditwasall

over

in

less

than

10

minutes.

Then

the

interviewer

said

to

them,

"All

of

you

areverygood.Pleasegohomeand

19our

response.”Threedayslater,Jackiereceivedamessagesayingshewouldnotbe

20thejob.Shefeltdeeplydisappointed.Thatevening.howevershereceived

another

21.Thistimeitsaidthatshegotthe

job.Jackie

later

found

out

that

the

first

message

sent

to

her

phone

was

part

of

theinterviewa

22

to

see

if

she

was

suitable

for

the

job.

All

the

three

peoplereceivedthe

23text,butonlyJackie'sreply

24thecompanyOfthethree,

one

did

not

reply.

The

other

said

“goodbye”

and

Jackie

said

“thank

you”.ThisreplyshowedthatJackiewasa/an

25

person,sothecompanyofferedherthe

job.16.

A.examB.workC.competitionD.plan17.

A.ThankfullyB.UnluckilyC.HopefullyD.Immediately18.

A.longB.strictC.interestingD.simple19.

A.pick

upB.wait

forC.deal

withD.think

of20.

A.offeredB.returnedC.refusedD.shown21.

A.letterB.e-mailC.callD.message22.

A.guideB.conversationC.testD.lesson23.

A.sameB.otherC.secondD.whole24.

A.reachedB.satisfiedC.helpedD.surprised25.

A.braveB.cleverC.politeD.honest三、阅读第一节

阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从

26~45

各题所给的

A、B、C

和

D

项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（A）Forhiseleventhbirthday,Linwasgivenagiftthatwouldshapehislife.

Onthat

day

his

father

took

him

to

the

Children’s

Activity

Centre

and

said

he

couldchoose

any

course

that

interested

him.

There

was

just

one

requirement:

Lin

would

havetopromisetostudyitforatleastone

year.To

that

point

Lin

had

had

many

hobbies,

but

none

kept

his

interest

for

more

thana

week

or

two.

His

mum

once

gave

him

a

bag

of

stamps

to

encourage

stamp

collecting.Thathobbylastedaweek.ThenhisfathergothimsomepaintshopingthatLin'sartistic

side

would

shine

through.

Those

paints

were

now

under

his

bed,

still

unopened.ThistimeLin’sparentswouldlethim

decide.Lin's

eyes

moved

down

the

noticeboard

that

listed

all

the

courses

on

offer.

Hestoppedat"Photography".Helikedtheideaoftakingbeautifulpicturesbutthenotice

said

that

each

student

needed

their

own

camera.

Although

Lin's

family

weren'tpoor,

they

weren’t

rich

either,

and

a

camera

cost

a

lot

of

money.

He

continued

looking.Thenextcoursetocatchhiseyewas"LanguageArt".Hedidn’tevenknowwhatthat

meant.

His

father

explained

that

it

taught

people

how

to

make

public

speeches.Lin,ashyboy,couldthinkofnothing

worse.Thenhesawit."Cooking"soundedlikesomethinghe'dliketodo.Itwasinexpensiveandconvenient,itcouldbedonealoneanditwasalso

creative.BasedonLin’shobbyhistory,hisdadhaddoubts,butheagreed.Muchto

hisparents'surprise,Linkepthispromise.HestudiedcookingattheCentreeverySaturday,andpractisedathome,makingdeliciousmealsforhisfamily.Everyonelooked

forward

to

birthdays,

when

they

could

eat

his

cakes.

Lin

got

great

satisfactionfromthepleasurehisfoodbroughtto

others.Themonthsturnedtoyearsbuthishobbyneverchanged

again.NowLinisanadultandrunsasuccessfulrestaurant.Whencustomerssay

theyenjoy

his

meal,

he

still

gets

the

same

pleasure

he

did

as

a

child,

and

remembers

thespecialgifthereceivedallthoseyears

ago.26.Whydidn'tLinchoosetostudy

photography?A.Itwastooexpensive.B.Hehadnointerestin

it.C.Hewasnotverycreative. D.Itwasnotofferedthat

term.27.Theunderlinedexpression"catchhiseye"inParagraph4means“

”.A.makehimexcited B.causehim

surpriseC.gethisattention D.helphimsee

clearly28.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLin'sinterestin

cooking?Itonlylastedforashort

time.Itseemedtomatchhis

character.Itwasforcedonhimbyhis

parents.Itdevelopedslowlyovermany

months.29.WhydidthefatherhavedoubtsaboutLin'schoiceof

cooking?A.Linwasn'tgoodatcooking. B.Cookingwasn'tvery

convenient.C.Hedidn’tthinkLinwould

continue.D.Cookingwasn'tagoodhobbyfora

boy.30.What'sthebesttitleforthe

passage?A.AStrictFather B.AChangeable

BoyC.TheFunofCooking D.TheBirthday

Gift（B）Experts

believe

that

there

are

more

than

8

million

restaurants

in

the

world

today.So

it

might

surprise

you

to

learn

that

restaurants,

as

we

know

them,

have

only

existedfor

a

few

centuries.

Before

1765,

there

were

no

restaurants.

That

is,

there

were

noplaces

that

provided

the

restaurant

experience.

There

was

nowhere

in

which

a

waiterbrought

you

food

and

drink

that

you

picked

from

a

menu.

In

fact,

there

were

no

menusanywhere.There

were

eating

places

travellers

could

go

to

centuries

before

that.

The

countrysidewas

full

of

inns

that

would

serve

food.

And

there

were

taverns

where

one

could

getdrinks.

The

rich

could

also

eat

special

meals

prepared

by

private

cooks.

But

noneofthemcouldbecalleda

“restaurant”.AmancalledBoulangerchangedthat.In1765,heopenedaplaceinParis

thatsold

soups(汤).

On

his

sign

he

used

the

word

"restaurant"

to

describe

what

he

wasselling.

At

that

time,

soups

were

considered

something

that

could

help

"restore"(恢复)your

health-

in

French

the

word

"restore"

is

“restaurer”

so

he

called

thesoups

"restaurants".

Soon,

people

started

buying

Boulanger's

soups

even

when

theywere

not

ill.

And

over

time,

people

began

to

use

the

word

"restaurant"

to

refer

toa

place

selling

soup

rather

than

the

soup

itself.

More

"restaurants"

opened

in

France,andpeoplebegantobuysoupsmore

often.Later,

restaurants

in

Paris

began

to

serve

other

food

besides

soup.

In

the

1790s,menusstartedtoappear.Bythemid-1800s,thereweremanytypesofrestaurantsthroughouttheworld.TheUnitedStatesofferedcoffeeshops.Teahouses

becamepopularthroughoutChina.Pariscreated beautifulrestaurantsfortherich.

TheBritishbegantocopytheFrench,andtherestaurantideaspreadthroughout

theBritish

Empire.Today

cities

are

filled

with

all

types

of

restaurants.

Diners

have

millions

of

optionsfromwhichto

choose.31.Whatisthepassagemainly

about?A.Howrestaurantsdeveloped B.Whatmadeagood

restaurant.C.Whocreatedthefirstrestaurant D.Whyrestaurantsbecame

popular.32.

According

to

the

first

paragraph,

what

made

restaurants

different

from

earliereating

places?A.Restaurantsonlyservedfood B.Restaurantsweremore

expensiveC.RestaurantsweremainlyincitiesD.Restaurantshadalistofmeal

choices33.WhodidBoulangerexpecttocomeandeatathis

restaurant?A.Richpeople B.Sickpeople. C.Travellers. D.

Workers.34.Whenitwasfirstused.whatdidtheword"restaurant"refer

to?A.Aperson. B.Aplace. C.Illness. D.

Soup.35.Whendidrestaurantsbegintogrow

internationally?A.Inthe

1600s.B.Inthe1700s.C.Inthe

1800s.D.Inthe

1900s.（C）Many

people

know

that

rubbish

is

a

big

problem

on

planet

Earth.

What

many

people

don'tknow

is

that

junk(垃圾)hasbecome

a

problem

inouter

space

too.According

to

BBC

News,

there

are

more

than

22,

000

pieces

of

space

junk

floatingaround

the

earth.

And

these

are

just

the

things

that

we

can

see

from

the

surface

ofthe

earth

by

telescopes

(望远镜).

There

are

also

millions

of

smaller

pieces

of

junkthatwecan't

see.Objects,likebitsofoldspacerocketsorsatellites,movearoundthe

planetat

very

high

speeds

fast

that

even

a

very

small

piece

can

break

important

satellitesorbecomedangeroustoastronauts.Ifthetiniestpieceofjunkcrashedintoaspaceship,itcoulddamagethe

vehicle.To

make

things

worse,

when

two

objects

in

space

crash,

they

break

into

many

smallerpieces.

For

example,

when

a

U.S.

satellite

hit

an

old

Russian

rocket

in

2009,

it

brokeintomorethan2,000pieces,increasingtheamountofspace

junk.To

reduce

additional

space

junk,

countries

have

agreed

that

all

new

space

toolscan

only

stay

in

space

for

25

years

at

most.

Each

tool

must

be

built

to

fall

safelyinto

the

earth's

atmosphere

after

that

time.

In

the

upper

parts

of

the

atmosphere,itwillburn

up.Many

scientists

also

suggesting

different

ways

to

clean

up

space

junk.

In

Englandscientists

are

testing

a

metal

net

that

can

be

fired

into

space

junk.

The

net

catchesthe

junk

and

then

pulls

it

into

the

earth's

atmosphere

to

burn

up.

The

Germans

arebuilding

robots

that

can

collect

pieces

of

space

junk

and

bring

them

back

to

Earthtobesafely

destroyed.The

problem

is

becoming

more

challenging

because

we're

sending

more

objects

intospace

to

help

people

use

their

mobile

phones

and

computers,”

says

Marco

Castronuovo,anItalian

spaceResearcher.“Thetimetoactisnow.Thelongerweleavetheproblem,thebiggerit

willbecome,”he

says.36.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“these”inParagraph2refer

to?A.

Telescopes. B.

Satellites. C.Piecesof

space

junk. D.BBCnews

reports.37.Whyisspacejunkconsidereda

problem?Itbunsupafteritre-entersthe

atmosphereItoftenstopstheviewoftelescopeson

EarthItcouldforcenewspacetoolstotravelatslower

speedsItmaycrashintootherspacetoolscausingdamageor

deat38.Countrieswantfuturespacetoolstobeabletofallbackintothe

earth'satmosphereso

that

.thetoolscanbereused

laterthetoolsdon'tbecomespace

junktheearth’satmospherecanstay

cleantheeffectsofspaceflightcanbe

studied39.HowdotheGermansplantodealwithspace

junk?A.Catchitwithnets. B.Userobotstocollect

it.C.Burnitintheearth'satmosphere.D.Senditfurtherawayfromthe

earth.40.Inwhichsectionofthenewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthis

article?A.Environment. B.LocalNews. C.Education. D.

Fashion.（D）Sciencefor

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webpage?A.Tosellbookstoyoungreaders.B.Toattractnewbookclub

members.C.Toencouragestudents'interestin

science.D.Toreviewbooksyoungreadersmight

like.第二节

阅读填空 阅读短文及文后

A~E

选项，选出可以填入

46~50

各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Most

of

us

think

the

telephone

was

invented

by

Alexander

Graham

Bell.

46 fact,an

Italian

named

Antonio

Meucci

was

officially

recognised(认定)as

the

inventor

a

fewyearsago.WhoisMeucciandwhywasn'theknownforhisinventionatthe

time?Antonio

Meucci

was

born

in

Italy

in

1808.

He

studied

engineering

and

drawing.

Duringhis

studies,

Meucci

started

to

experiment

with

electricity.

47 When

two

placeswereconnectedwithwire,peopleinthoseplacescouldheareachother

talk.In

1850,

Meucci

and

his

wife.

Ester.

moved

to

New

York.

Meucci

was

worried

about

hiswife,

because

she

had

become

very

ill.

48 To

solve

this

problem,

he

connectedmetal

cables

between

his

home

and

his

workshop.

This

way,

they

could

talk

to

eachother

conveniently.Meucci

invited

a

group

of

people

to

see

his

new

invention.

They

listened

in

amazementasthevoiceofasingerwasheardthroughthe

wires.

49

Even

worse,

Meucci

never

applied

for

a

patent

(专利)

on

his

invention.Meanwhile,

Alexander

Graham

Bell

was

working

on

the

same

idea

and

in

1876

the

patentforthetelephonewasgivento

him.In

2002,

more

than

a

century

after

Meucci's

death,

his

work

was

finally

recognisedbythegovernment.

50Hediscoveredthatsoundcouldtravelthroughmetal

cables.However,hewasn'tthefirstpersontothinkofthe

idea.Unfortunately,onlyafewpeopleattendedthis

talk.Hewillnowbeknownallovertheworldasthetelephone's

inventor.Heneededtokeepintouchwithheratall

times.四、写作

第一节单词拼写

根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时,要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词)Pleaseopenthew

andletsomefreshair

in.Thekindboywashappytos

hisfoodwiththehungry

man.Tokeephealthy,youshoulddosportsandhaveabalancedd

.N

crosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightis

red.By

reading

30

minutes

a

day,

you

can

learn

more

words

and

i

your

writing.Thestudentsareveryh

.Theycleanhousesfortheoldpeople

everyweekend.第二节

完成句子根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。(每空限填一词)你沿丝绸之路旅游过吗?

ever

alongtheSilk

Road?参观广州博物馆对我们很有教育意义。

veryeducationalforus

Guangzhou

Museum.明天的大雨可能会阻碍我们外出。Theheavyrainmay

usfrom

out

tomorrow.广州的公园每年都种很多树。Everyyear,alotoftrees

in

the

parks

in

Guangzhou。我昨晚看的那场电影真好笑!

movieIsawlast

night!我想知道明天我们在哪里见面。Iwonder

meet

tomorrow.如果你足够细心,就不会犯简单的错误。Youwon't

anysimplemistakes

you

caref